JP7577335B2 - 肺炎症治療用のナノキャリア - Google Patents
肺炎症治療用のナノキャリア Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2018年10月19日に出願された米国仮出願第62/747987号の優先権を主張し、米国仮出願第62/747987号の内容のすべてを本出願明細書の一部を構成するものとして援用する。
本出願は、2019年10月18日に作成された「321501-2340 Sequence Listing_ST25」というタイトルのASCII.txtファイルとして電子形式で提出された配列表を含む。配列表の内容のすべてを本出願明細書の一部を構成するものとして援用する。
図3に生体由来のデザイナーEVの特性評価と導入結果とを示す。図3Aは、qRT-PCRを介してmiR-146aおよびSHを載せたEVの特徴を示す棒グラフである。SH-CTまたはmiRを載せたEVを、換気前に気管内に差し込んだ挿管を介して導入した。図3Bは、SH-CTまたはmiR-146Aを載せたEV(MVプロトコール:1回換気量12cc/kg、呼吸数150呼吸/分、4時間の0cm H2O下での呼気終末陽圧)で処理した動物の生理学的測定値の棒グラフを示す。図3Cは、MVを4時間行った後にSHおよびmiR-146aで処理した動物のBALタンパク質含有量の変化を示す棒グラフである。図3Dには、モックプラスミド(偽コントロール-SH)または抗炎症性miR-146aを載せたEVの平均サイズ分布の棒グラフを示す。
ナノチャネル系のエレクトロポレーションを使用して、ドナー細胞内で目的のカーゴを制御範囲内で過剰に発現させ、EVの含有量および表面修飾の程度を所望する範囲に設定した。ナノチャネル系のエレクトロポレーションにより、トランスフェクション効率と細胞生存率を最大100%にすることができ、キャプシドサイズの制限は受けなかった。このアプローチを使って、マウス樹状細胞および胚性線維芽細胞の初代培養物、ならびにヒト細胞株などの複数の細胞源から得られる抗炎症性miR-146Aを載せたデザイナーEVを取得した(図3A-3E)。EV含有量の特性評価結果から、偽積載EVと比較して、目的の分子カーゴの取り込みに成功していることが示された(図3C)。次に、このようなEVを有効に使用して、ヒト肺上皮細胞およびヒトマクロファージを培養する際の遺伝子発現を調節した(図3D)。前神経因子遺伝子ASCL1、BRN2、およびMYT1l(ABM)を載せたデザイナーEVも、マウス線維芽細胞の初期初代培養物から得た。ABMを搭載したデザイナーEVの動的放出と取り込みを検討した結果、ドナー細胞からのEV放出は、トランスフェクションの24時間後にピークに達し、その時の濃度は数十億粒子/mlのオーダーであることが明らかになった。EV内に充填された遺伝子のコピー数は、「ドナー」細胞にデリバーされた元のコピー数を約3桁上回り、EV放出前の治療用カーゴが細胞内で増幅することが示唆された。
生体内組織からデザイナーEVを誘導するナノチャネル系の組織トランスフェクションを行うと、おそらく患者自身の組織を量産型のEVバイオリアクターとして使えるようになると考えられるが、このことは臨床上および産生への橋渡し上重要な意味を持つ。この方法によれば、約1cm2のマウス皮膚から、抗炎症性miR-146Aを載せた約10兆個のEVが得られる(図4)。このようなEVを有効に活用すると、機械的人工呼吸により引き起こされる炎症を抑制できる(図5)。
ARDS発症の場合の救命救急の必要性、入院の長期化および回復の遅延を考えると、ARDSにかかわる医療システムにかかる負担は甚大である。American Lung Association(2013)によると、米国では年間約19万件のARDSが発生している。ARDS患者の死亡率は高く、38~45%に達する。ARDSは通常、肺への鈍的外傷や敗血症などの基礎疾患により引き起こされる。肺に損傷が起こると、感染で引き起こされる重度の全身性炎症反応を伴う敗血症に罹り生命の危険にさらされ、そのため多くのICU患者が亡くなっている。ARDSの特徴として、重度の低酸素症、肺胞毛細血管バリア機能障害、肺サーファクタントの産生低下による小気道氾濫、および炎症誘発性経路の活性化が挙げられる。機械的人工呼吸は酸素療法をサポートする一方で、機械的ストレスにより初期損傷を悪化させ、より死亡率の高い人工呼吸器誘発肺損傷(VILI)を引き起こす可能性がある。これらすべてが要因となり、根底にある肺損傷をさらに悪化させ、炎症を助長し、多臓器不全や死につながる得る正のフィードバックループを助長する。現在、ARDSの治療法はないが、肺を標的とした抗炎症性カーゴを使うアプローチに対する期待は大きい。細胞ベース(例えば、内皮前駆細胞、間葉系幹細胞)の治療法を使えば、例えば、炎症を軽減し、栄養メカニズムおよび抗炎症/感染メカニズムを介して肺の修復が助長される。ただし、過剰な体外処理に一部起因するものであるが、腫瘍の形成や高免疫原性反応を引き起こす可能性のある前駆細胞をベースとした細胞治療の安全性については、依然、重大な懸念が残っている。特定の治療薬の正体はすでに明らかになっている一方で、炎症を起こした肺への治療薬の効率的な導入方法については、重症患者にとっては依然として大きな課題である。こういった制限を克服する上で鍵となる抗炎症性および抗菌性分子カーゴは、機能化デザイナーEVにより効率的かつ選択的に導入され、肺の炎症と損傷を軽減し、敗血症誘発性ARDS中の組織を修復する機能を高める。表1に、分子カーゴを搭載したデザイナーEVの設計内容を示す。
Claims (4)
- 急性呼吸窮迫症候群(ARDS)の治療方法に使用するための治療用細胞外小胞であって、前記治療用細胞外小胞が、小胞の分泌に適した条件下で、肺サーファクタントタンパク質A(SPA)および他家エクソソームまたはリソソーム膜貫通タンパク質を含む融合タンパク質をコードする非ウイルスベクターで皮膚細胞をナノトランスフェクトすること、並びに前記皮膚細胞で産生された細胞外小胞を収集することにより産生され、
前記治療用細胞外小胞が、治療用カーゴを搭載し、
前記治療用カーゴがmiR146a又はY-27632を含み、並びに
前記方法が、ARDSの患者に前記治療用細胞外小胞を投与することを含む、治療用細胞外小胞。 - 小胞の分泌に適した条件下で、肺サーファクタントタンパク質A(SPA)および他家エクソソームまたはリソソーム膜貫通タンパク質を含む融合タンパク質をコードする非ウイルスベクターで皮膚細胞をナノトランスフェクトすること、並びに前記皮膚細胞で産生された細胞外小胞を収集することにより産生される、請求項1に記載の治療用細胞外小胞。
- 肺サーファクタントタンパク質A(SPA)および他家エクソソームまたはリソソーム膜貫通タンパク質を含む肺標的融合タンパク質を発現し、且つmiR146a又はY-27632を含む治療用カーゴを搭載する、皮膚細胞由来の治療用細胞外小胞。
- 前記治療用カーゴがmiR146aを含む、請求項3に記載の治療用細胞外小胞。
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| JP2024180517A JP2025023922A (ja) | 2018-10-19 | 2024-10-16 | 肺炎症治療用のナノキャリア |
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| PCT/US2019/056997 WO2020081974A1 (en) | 2018-10-19 | 2019-10-18 | Nanocarriers for lung inflammation therapy |
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| WO2021232052A1 (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2021-11-18 | Texas Biomedical Research Institute | Microencapsulated delivery system for release of anti-inflammatory agents into the lung |
| KR20230175237A (ko) * | 2021-04-22 | 2023-12-29 | 오하이오 스테이트 이노베이션 파운데이션 | 종양 관련 대식세포를 표적화하는 나노캐리어 |
| WO2024102965A1 (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2024-05-16 | Ohio State Innovation Foundation | Designer extracellular vesicles for targeted delivery to muscle cells |
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| KR102276424B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-06 | 2021-07-12 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 로-키나제 저해제를 포함하는 세포의 노화를 감소시키기 위한 조성물 및 그의 용도 |
| GEP20207202B (en) * | 2017-01-30 | 2020-12-25 | Chiesi Farm Spa | Tyrosine amide derivatives as rho-kinase inhibitors |
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| WO2017075708A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 | 2017-05-11 | Exerkine Corporation | Exosomes useful to treat cystic fibrosis |
| WO2018015535A1 (en) | 2016-07-21 | 2018-01-25 | Evox Therapeutics Ltd | Extracellular vesicle comprising a fusion protein having fc binding capacity |
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| JP2022512752A (ja) | 2022-02-07 |
| EP3866769A4 (en) | 2022-08-17 |
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| SG11202103650QA (en) | 2021-05-28 |
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| MX2021004469A (es) | 2021-09-23 |
| WO2020081974A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 |
| US20210332106A1 (en) | 2021-10-28 |
| EP3866769A1 (en) | 2021-08-25 |
| JP2025023922A (ja) | 2025-02-19 |
| IL282407B1 (en) | 2026-04-01 |
| KR20210082186A (ko) | 2021-07-02 |
| US12221471B2 (en) | 2025-02-11 |
| AU2019361193A1 (en) | 2021-05-20 |
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