JP7583473B1 - Decomposition treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention aims to make it possible to satisfactorily utilize the decomposition power of water plasma and to simplify the cooling structure.
[Solution] The decomposition treatment device (10) is equipped with a supply unit (12) that supplies a decomposition target to water plasma sprayed by a water plasma generator (11). The water plasma generator is equipped with a chamber (17) that forms a vortex water flow inside and sprays water plasma (J) from a nozzle (45), and an anode (18) and a cathode (16) that generate an arc discharge (AR) that passes through the vortex water flow in the chamber. The anode is provided at a position outside the chamber near the nozzle. The chamber is equipped with a nozzle forming body (44) that forms the nozzle and is cooled by water supplied inside the chamber. The supply unit is disposed in the nozzle forming body and is cooled by heat transfer with the nozzle forming body.
[Selected figure] Figure 5

Description

The present invention relates to a decomposition treatment device that decomposes the object to be decomposed by spraying water plasma using an arc discharge generated between a cathode and an anode.

The device described in Patent Document 1 is known as a device that uses water plasma to treat waste. In the device of Patent Document 1, water is used as a plasma stabilizing medium, and incineration ash is supplied to a water plasma jet stream generated by arc discharge to dissolve the incineration ash. In Patent Document 1, the water plasma jet stream is emitted from the nozzle of the water plasma burner, and a supply means is provided at a position a specified distance from the nozzle to supply incineration ash from above the water plasma jet stream.

Patent No. 3408779

In the device of Patent Document 1, in order to prevent the supply means from being melted or damaged by the water plasma jet stream, it is necessary to provide a cooling structure for the supply means. In particular, since the water plasma jet stream reaches extremely high temperatures, there is a problem in that the cooling structure becomes complicated and the workload for maintenance and other operations increases in order to cool it stably under harsh conditions.

Here, if the supply means is moved away from the water plasma jet stream, the supply means is less likely to become hot and the cooling structure can be simplified, but the incineration ash is less likely to reach the central area of the water plasma jet stream where the temperature becomes high. As a result, the incineration ash cannot be sufficiently decomposed by the heat of the water plasma jet stream, and the decomposition capacity decreases. Therefore, it can be said that there is a trade-off between preventing a decrease in decomposition capacity and simplifying the cooling structure.

The present invention was made in consideration of these points, and aims to provide a decomposition processing device that can effectively utilize the decomposition power of water plasma and can simplify the cooling structure.

The decomposition treatment device according to one aspect of the present invention is a decomposition treatment device that includes a water plasma generator that passes an arc discharge through a vortex water flow to inject water plasma, and a supply unit that supplies a decomposition target to the water plasma, and that uses the water plasma to decompose the decomposition target. The water plasma generator includes a chamber that forms the vortex water flow with water supplied to the inside and injects the water plasma from an injection port, and an anode and a cathode that generate an arc discharge that passes through the vortex water flow in the chamber, the anode being provided near the injection port outside the chamber, the chamber including an injection port forming body that forms the injection port and is cooled by water supplied to the inside of the chamber, and the supply unit is disposed on the injection port forming body and is cooled by heat transfer with the injection port forming body.

According to the present invention, the supply unit can be cooled together with the nozzle forming body by utilizing the cooling structure of the chamber, and a configuration for cooling only the supply unit is not required, simplifying the structure. In addition, since the supply unit arranged on the nozzle forming body can be cooled, the supply unit can be brought close to the nozzle, and the material to be decomposed can be supplied from the supply unit at a position close to the nozzle, which becomes particularly hot due to the water plasma. This makes it possible to supply the material to be decomposed to a higher temperature region of the water plasma, increasing the reliability of the decomposition process and allowing the decomposition power of the water plasma to be exhibited well. In this way, according to the present invention, it is possible to simultaneously achieve simplification of the cooling structure and exhibiting good decomposition power of the water plasma, which are in a trade-off relationship.

1 is an explanatory diagram showing a partial cross-sectional side view of a decomposition treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of the chamber. FIG. 2 is a plan cross-sectional view of the chamber. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the chamber. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which water plasma is sprayed by the water plasma generating device. FIG. 6A is a front view of a portion of the configuration of the water plasma generating device, and FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of part B in FIG. 6A. 7A is a schematic perspective view of the supply unit, FIG. 7B is a front view of the supply unit, and FIG. 7C is a vertical cross-sectional view of the supply unit. FIG. 8A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the reaction tube, and FIG. 8B is a perspective view of the reaction tube. 9A is a schematic perspective view of a supply unit according to a modified example, FIG. 9B is a front view of the supply unit according to the modified example, and FIG. 9C is a vertical cross-sectional view of the supply unit according to the modified example.

The following describes in detail an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings. Note that the configurations of the embodiments are not limited to those shown below and can be modified as appropriate. For ease of explanation, some configurations may be omitted in the following figures. Note that in the following explanation, unless otherwise specified, "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" are based on the directions indicated by arrows in each figure. However, the orientation of each configuration in the following embodiments is merely an example and can be changed to any orientation.

Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a partial cross-sectional side view of a decomposition treatment device according to an embodiment. As shown in Figure 1, the decomposition treatment device 10 is configured to include a water plasma generator 11, a supply unit 12, a reaction tube 13, and a reaction furnace 14.

The water plasma generator 11 is supported at a predetermined height via a stand 15. The water plasma generator 11 is configured with a cathode 16 that extends forward and backward, a chamber 17 into which the front end of the cathode 16 is inserted, an iron disk-shaped anode 18 that is provided diagonally downward and forward outside the chamber 17, and an anode support part 19 that supports the anode 18.

The cathode 16 is made of a round rod made of carbon, and can be displaced in the front-rear direction via a feed screw shaft mechanism 21 to adjust the amount of insertion into the chamber 17. The chamber 17 is supported above the anode support part 19 via a support plate 22. An extension cylinder 23 that extends forward and backward is connected to the rear end of the anode support part 19, and a motor 24 is provided at the rear end of the extension cylinder 23. The driving force of the motor 24 is transmitted to the anode 18 through the extension cylinder 23 and the anode support part 19, and the anode 18 is rotatably arranged.

Cooling water is supplied to the inside of the chamber 17 via a supply pump 26, and water for plasma is supplied via a high-pressure pump 27. A portion of the water for plasma is sprayed from the front end side of the chamber 17 as water plasma J (see FIG. 5). The cooling water supplied to the chamber 17 and the water for plasma that is not sprayed are sucked in via a vacuum pump 28. In the anode support part 19, cooling water that flows inside the anode 18 is also supplied via the supply pump 26, and the cooling water that has absorbed heat in the anode 18 is sucked in via the vacuum pump 28. The detailed configuration of the chamber 17 will be described later.

A wall 30 is disposed in front of the water plasma generator 11, and this wall 30 maintains airtightness between the space in which the water plasma generator 11 is installed and a processing space 31 in which the target object gasified by the water plasma J is processed. In the processing space 31, for example, highly alkaline water is sprayed by a shower device (not shown) to neutralize the gasified acid gas. A cylindrical reaction furnace 14 is provided to penetrate the wall 30.

Next, the internal structure of the chamber 17 will be described with reference to Figures 2 to 4. Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the chamber, Figure 3 is a plan cross-sectional view of the chamber, and Figure 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the chamber.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the chamber 17 constituting the water plasma generator 11 comprises a chamber body 40 forming a cylindrical inner circumferential surface extending in the front-rear direction, and a front wall portion 41 attached to the front of the chamber body 40, forming an internal space 42 inside them for generating water plasma J. An opening communicating with the internal space 42 is formed in the front wall portion 41, and an injection port forming body 44 is attached so as to close this opening from the front.

The nozzle forming body 44 is formed with a nozzle 45 and a nozzle flow path 46 for spraying water plasma J. The nozzle flow path 46 is formed as a round hole penetrating the nozzle forming body 44 with its central axis oriented in the front-rear direction, and forms the nozzle 45 at its front end. The nozzle 45 is formed on the front surface (a surface parallel to the up-down and left-right directions) of the nozzle forming body 44. In other words, the front surface of the nozzle forming body 44 is the formation surface of the nozzle 45. The nozzle forming body 44 and the nozzle 45 are formed in the same circular shape when viewed from the front-rear direction (see FIG. 6A).

Inside the chamber body 40, a rib 40a is formed at a position toward the front, extending in the circumferential direction, and a plasma water supply passage 47 is formed forward of this rib 40a. In addition, a plasma water discharge passage 48 is formed in the front wall portion 41, which discharges the plasma water that flows into its opening. High-pressure plasma water is supplied to the plasma water supply passage 47 from the high-pressure pump 27, and the plasma water is sucked from the plasma water discharge passage 48 by the negative pressure of the vacuum pump 28. The plasma water is also used as cooling water. More specifically, the plasma water is not only used to generate the water plasma J, but also cools each component, including the nozzle forming body 44, on the path from the plasma water supply passage 47 to the plasma water discharge passage 48.

A cooling water supply channel 50 and a cooling water discharge channel 51 (not shown in FIG. 3) are formed behind the rib 40a of the chamber body 40. Cooling water is supplied to the cooling water supply channel 50 from the supply pump 26, and the cooling water is sucked from the cooling water discharge channel 51 by the negative pressure of the vacuum pump 28. The plasma water supply channel 47, the cooling water supply channel 50, and the cooling water discharge channel 51 are formed in the shape of a round hole that forms the inner circumferential surface of a cylinder.

As shown in FIG. 4, the plasma water supply passage 47 is connected to the lower part of the internal space 42, which is circular in vertical cross section, and extends in the left-right direction. Specifically, the plasma water supply passage 47 extends in the tangent direction of the lower part of the internal space 42. This allows the plasma water flowing in from the plasma water supply passage 47 to flow smoothly along the circumferential direction of the internal space 42.

The water plasma generator 11 includes a roughly cylindrical vortex water generator 60 housed in the chamber 17. The vortex water generator 60 is arranged so that the position of the central axis C1 coincides with the internal space 42. This central axis C1 also coincides with the central axis of the above-mentioned injection port 45 and injection flow path 46. Therefore, the "central axis C1" with the reference symbol C1 is also used in the explanation of the injection port 45 and injection flow path 46. In a vertical cross-sectional view, the internal space 42 forms a circular space between its inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the vortex water generator 60, and the water for plasma that flows into the internal space 42 as described above flows in a swirling manner within the circular space.

The vortex generator 60 has a plurality of passages 61 formed therethrough to communicate between the inside and outside. The passages 61 are formed at equal angles (every 120° in this embodiment) around the circumference of the vortex generator 60. The passages 61 are also formed at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction (see Figures 2 and 3). Each passage 61 extends in a direction inclined with respect to the thickness direction of the vortex generator 60. Specifically, each passage 61 extends in the tangent direction of the inner circumference of the vortex generator 60 at the communication position. The angle θ between the direction in which the water for plasma flows from the outside to the inside of the passage 61 and the direction in which the water for plasma swirls and flows outside the vortex generator 60 is an acute angle.

By forming the passage 61 as described above, the water for plasma flowing along the inner circumferential surface of the chamber body 40 outside the vortex flow generator 60 passes through the passage 61 and flows into the interior of the vortex flow generator 60. The water for plasma then flows smoothly along the inner circumferential surface of the vortex flow generator 60, forming a vortex flow that swirls in a circular shape to form a cavity at the position of the central axis C1 when viewed in vertical cross section.

The water plasma generator 11 further includes various components behind the vortex generator 60 in the chamber 17. These components position the vortex generator 60, cool, hold and control the movement of the cathode 16, and supply power to the cathode 16, but a detailed description is omitted here.

Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which water plasma is sprayed by the water plasma generator. As shown in Figure 5, when a vortex water flow with a cavity is formed inside the chamber 17 as described above, when DC power is supplied to the cathode 16 and the anode 18, an arc discharge AR is generated between them. At this time, the arc discharge AR is generated so that it passes through the inside of the cavity of the vortex water flow. Due to the generation of this arc discharge AR, the plasma water that forms the vortex water flow is dissociated and ionized, and water plasma J that becomes a high-energy jet stream is sprayed from the nozzle 45.

The water plasma J injected from the nozzle 45 becomes an extremely high-temperature, ultra-high-speed fluid. The injection direction of the water plasma J is from rear to front, a front-to-rear direction parallel to the direction of the central axis C1 of the nozzle 45 and the injection flow path 46. More specifically, the water plasma J is injected in a roughly spindle or cone shape with the same central axis C1 as the central axis C1 of the nozzle 45 and the injection flow path 46, and has a shape that gradually widens as it moves away from the nozzle 45. The water plasma J has a relatively high temperature at the central axis C1, and the temperature decreases as it moves away from the central axis C1.

Next, the configuration of the supply unit 12 will be described with reference to Fig. 5 as well as Fig. 6 and Fig. 7. Fig. 6A is a front view of a portion of the configuration of the water plasma generator, and Fig. 6B is an enlarged view of part B in Fig. 6A. Fig. 7A is a schematic perspective view of the supply unit, Fig. 7B is a front view of the supply unit, and Fig. 7C is a vertical cross-sectional view of the supply unit. Note that Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 6A.

As shown in FIG. 6A, the supply unit 12 is disposed in an injection port forming body 44 that forms an injection port 45 in the chamber 17. Specifically, the supply unit 12 is attached via a screw member 71 and a pin 72 so as to be in surface contact with a position near the injection port 45 on the front surface (the surface on the near side in FIG. 6A) of the injection port forming body 44 when viewed from the front-rear direction (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 6A).

The supply unit 12 is therefore provided so that heat can be transferred between it and the jet nozzle forming body 44 by contacting the jet nozzle forming body 44. As a result, the jet nozzle forming body 44 is cooled by the plasma water (cooling water) flowing inside the chamber 17, and the cooling heat is transferred to the supply unit 12, which is cooled. In other words, the heat of the supply unit 12 is absorbed by the jet nozzle forming body 44. The upper end of the anode 18 is provided so as to be located near the front of the jet nozzle 45 diagonally below outside the chamber 17.

The supply unit 12 is formed in a roughly rectangular shape when viewed from the front-to-back direction, with its long and short sides tilted at approximately 45° with respect to the up-down direction. The supply unit 12 is connected to a delivery device 74 via piping 73, and the material to be decomposed is supplied from the delivery device 74. The supply unit 12 is configured so that it can spray and supply the material to be decomposed to the water plasma J sprayed from the water plasma generator 11.

The materials to be decomposed can be, for example, hazardous waste such as waste oil, PCBs, sulfuric acid pitch, asbestos, fluorocarbons, halon, tires, and various types of garbage, or non-hazardous materials that are not particularly harmful, and are supplied via the supply unit 12 in liquid, granular, or powder form.

As shown in Figures 7A to 7C, the supply unit 12 has a main body 76 formed in a piece or block shape having a thickness in the front-rear direction. The supply unit 12 also has a screw insertion hole 77 and a pin insertion hole 78 formed side by side above and below in the right half region of the main body 76 in Figure 7B. The supply unit 12 also has a nozzle flow path 81 that forms a nozzle port 80 near the lower left corner of the main body 76 in Figure 7B, and a supply flow path 82 that communicates with the nozzle flow path 81 at the lower end. The supply flow path 82 is connected to the delivery device 74 (see Figure 6A) via a pipe 73.

A screw member 71 (see FIG. 6B), which is a flat head screw, is inserted into the screw insertion hole 77, and a pin 72 (see FIG. 6B) is inserted into the pin insertion hole 78.

The nozzle flow path 81 is formed as a round hole whose central axis extends in the front-rear direction, and forms a nozzle port 80 at its front end. The nozzle port 80 is formed on the front surface of the main body 76 (a surface parallel to the up-down and left-right directions); in other words, the front surface of the main body 76 is the surface on which the nozzle port 80 is formed. The front surface of the main body 76 on which the nozzle port 80 is formed and the front surface of the injection port forming body 44 on which the injection port 45 is formed are approximately parallel (see FIG. 5). Here, "approximately parallel" refers not only to a completely parallel state, but also to a state in which the angle is slightly changed due to processing accuracy, tolerance, likelihood, etc. while the material is manufactured with the intention of being parallel.

The nozzle orifice 80 ejects the decomposition object that has been supplied from the pipe 73 and passed through the supply flow path 82 and the nozzle flow path 81 in an ejection direction S1 (see Figures 5 and 7C) from rear to front. Here, the decomposition object ejected from the nozzle orifice 80 is axial or cone-shaped, widening as it moves away from the nozzle orifice 80. Note that regardless of whether the ejection form of the decomposition object is axial or cone-shaped, the ejection direction S1 refers to the direction of their central axis.

In explaining the ejection direction S1 in FIG. 5, a virtual line L1 is set that passes through the nozzle orifice 80 and is parallel to the central axis C1 of the water plasma J ejected from the ejection orifice 45. The inclination angle α of the ejection direction S1 with respect to the virtual line L1 is set within a range greater than 0° and less than 45° (0°<α<45°), and more preferably within a range greater than 10° and less than 30° (10°<α<30°).

The extension direction of the nozzle flow path 81 is set according to the ejection direction S1, and in this embodiment, is set in a direction inclined with respect to the front-to-rear direction, which is the thickness direction of the main body 76. This allows the ejection direction S1 to be inclined with respect to the front-to-rear direction in the same direction as the extension direction of the nozzle flow path 81.

6A and 6B, when viewed from the front-rear direction (the direction of the central axis C1 of the water plasma J ejected from the nozzle 45), the nozzle orifice 80 is provided so as to be located diagonally to the upper right of the nozzle orifice 45. More specifically, the supply unit 12 is disposed so that a virtual line L2 passing through the central axis C1 of the nozzle orifice 45 and the nozzle orifice 80 is at an angle of approximately 45° to the left-right direction (horizontal direction). If the point where the virtual line L2 passes through the outer edge of the nozzle orifice forming body 44 is the passing position P1, the distance from the central axis C1 of the nozzle orifice 45 to the nozzle orifice 80 is shorter than the distance from the passing position P1 to the nozzle orifice 80. Therefore, on the virtual line L2, the nozzle orifice 80 is disposed at a position closer to the central axis C1 of the nozzle orifice 45 than the passing position P1 of the outer edge of the nozzle orifice forming body 44.

Returning to FIG. 5, when the object to be decomposed is supplied from the delivery device 74 in the supply unit 12, the object to be decomposed is ejected from the nozzle port 80 and supplied to the water plasma J. The supplied object to be decomposed is subjected to a decomposition process by the high-energy and extremely high-temperature water plasma J. If the object to be decomposed is hazardous waste, the hazardous waste can be decomposed into harmless waste.

Here, in the chamber 17 including the nozzle forming body 44 that forms the nozzle 45, it is heated by the water plasma J, but is cooled by the above-mentioned plasma water and cooling water, preventing it from becoming extremely hot. The supply unit 12 is also heated by the water plasma J, but because heat is transferred to the nozzle forming body 44, it is cooled together with the nozzle forming body 44 by the plasma water, etc. This makes it possible to eliminate the need for a cooling structure dedicated to the supply unit 12, simplifying the structure and reducing the workload of management, maintenance, etc.

Furthermore, since the supply unit 12 can be cooled as described above, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the supply unit 12 is close to the injection port 45. This allows the decomposition target to be supplied from the supply unit 12 at a position close to the injection port 45, which becomes particularly hot in the water plasma J, thereby increasing the reliability of decomposing the decomposition target by effectively utilizing the high-temperature area of the water plasma J. As a result, it is possible to effectively demonstrate the decomposition power of the water plasma J. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to simultaneously achieve simplification of the cooling structure and effectively demonstrating the decomposition ability of the water plasma J, which are in a trade-off relationship.

In addition, since the supply unit 12 is attached to the nozzle forming body 44, the support structure for the supply unit 12 can be omitted, simplifying the structure. Furthermore, the relative position of the supply unit 12 with respect to the nozzle forming body 44 can be stably maintained, and it is possible to prevent the ejection position of the decomposition target relative to the water plasma J from shifting over time due to vibrations caused by the ejection of the water plasma J, etc.

In addition, in this embodiment, the ejection direction S1 of the object to be decomposed from the nozzle opening 80 is in a range in which the inclination angle α shown in FIG. 5 is greater than 0° and less than 45°. If the inclination angle α is set to 0° or less, i.e., the ejection direction S1 is set parallel to the central axis direction of the water plasma J or diagonally upward, the force of the ejection of the water plasma J makes it easier for the object to be decomposed to be blown away without entering the inside of the water plasma J.

On the other hand, if the inclination angle α is set to an angle close to 90°, the decomposition target can be supplied to the water plasma J, but since the water plasma J is supplied to a small spray range, depending on the conditions, the decomposition process by the water plasma J cannot keep up and the decomposition target is likely to penetrate downward. As a result, the penetrated decomposition target may accumulate without being decomposed, or may be incompletely combusted and accumulate as soot.

When the inclination angle α is set within the range of greater than 0° and less than 45° as in this embodiment, the length through which the decomposition object passes within the spray range of the water plasma J is increased, while the decomposition object can be supplied to the inside without being blown away by the water plasma J. This makes it possible to efficiently decompose the decomposition object using the high-energy water plasma J while avoiding the accumulation of soot, etc.

In addition, the nozzle 45 of the water plasma J and the nozzle port 80 of the decomposition object are both formed on planes that are parallel in the vertical and horizontal directions. This allows the inclination angle α of the ejection direction S1 of the decomposition object to be set within the above-mentioned range, and makes it possible to supply the decomposition object to a high-temperature region in the water plasma J close to the ejection port 45 while gradually bringing the ejected decomposition object closer to the central axis C1 of the water plasma J.

On the imaginary line L2 shown in FIG. 6A, the nozzle orifice 80 is positioned so that the central axis C1 of the jet orifice 45 is closer to the position P1 where the outer edge of the jet orifice forming body 44 passes, and the nozzle orifice 80 can be brought closer to the jet orifice 45. By bringing the nozzle orifice 80 closer to the jet orifice 45 in this way, it is also possible to supply the decomposition target to a high-temperature region in the water plasma J that is close to the jet orifice 45.

Next, we will explain the reaction tube 13 and reaction furnace 14 shown in Figure 1.

The reaction tube 13 is supported inside the reaction furnace 14 via a predetermined support structure (not shown) and is formed by a cylindrical body 100 that extends in the front-rear direction, which is the spray direction of the water plasma J. The cylindrical body 100 includes a first pipe member 101 that is provided adjacent to the front of the water plasma generator 11, and a second pipe member 102 that is provided on the front end side of the first pipe member 101. Each pipe member 101, 102 is made of, for example, carbon steel pipes for piping, and is a metallic cylindrical member formed with a single layer structure in thickness.

Figure 8A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the reaction tube, and Figure 8B is a perspective view of the reaction tube. As shown in Figures 8A and 8B, the first tube member 101 is formed so that the opening size (diameter) at its rear end position is larger than the cross-sectional area through which the water plasma J flows from rear to front. This forms an inlet 103 at the rear end side (one end side) of the first tube member 101, which introduces air into the inside of the first tube member 101 together with the water plasma J. The inner diameter dimension of the circular inlet 103 can be set, for example, within a range greater than 110 mm and less than 200 mm.

The second pipe member 102 is formed with an opening size (diameter dimension) larger than that of the first pipe member 101, and the rear end side (one end side) receives the front end side (other end side) of the first pipe member 101 over a predetermined front-to-rear width. The second pipe member 102 is provided on the same central axis as the first pipe member 101. Therefore, a space is formed between the inner surface of the rear end side of the second pipe member 102 and the outer surface of the front end side of the first pipe member 101 in the circumferential direction around the central axis over the entire 360° range, and this space is formed as a flow path 105. The flow path 105 communicates between the external space and the internal space of the cylindrical body 100.

A number of support shafts 107 extending in the radial direction are provided between the front end side of the first pipe member 101 and the rear end side of the second pipe member 102. This allows the first pipe member 101 and the second pipe member 102 to be connected via the support shafts 107, and maintains the width of the flow passage 105 in the radial direction. The support shafts 107 are formed of bolts, screw members, etc. The support shafts 107 are provided at 90° intervals in the circumferential direction around the central axis of each pipe member 101, 102.

Returning to FIG. 1, the reactor 14 is disposed in front of the water plasma generator 11, and is provided in a position surrounding the reactor tube 13. The reactor 14 is provided penetrating the wall 30. The portion of the wall 30 through which the reactor 14 penetrates is fully welded, so that the wall 30 holds the reactor 14 and maintains airtightness therebetween.

The reactor 14 includes a cooling vessel 110, a rear forming section 111 that is provided at the rear of the cooling vessel 110 and has a stepped cylindrical shape, and a heat-resistant layer 112 that is provided along the inner circumference of the cooling vessel 110. The rear region of the reaction tube 13 is received inside the rear forming section 111. The heat-resistant layer 112 is made of, for example, firebricks.

The cooling vessel 110 includes a cylindrical tube body 115 and a front opening forming portion 116 formed on the front end side of the tube body 115 (the side opposite the water plasma generator 11). The axial direction of the tube body 115 is inclined so that it becomes lower as it moves away from the water plasma generator 11.

The tube body 115 and front opening forming part 116, which form the forming wall of the cooling container 110, have a double structure, forming a single space 117 within the thickness of the double structure, through which the cooling water flows. A supply path 118 and a discharge path 119 for the cooling water are connected to this space 117. The supply path 118 is provided on the lower end side of the front opening forming part 116, and the discharge path 119 is formed on the rear upper end side of the tube body 115.

In the cooling vessel 110, cooling water is supplied from the supply passage 118 via a pump (not shown) and introduced into the space 117. Then, in the space 117, the cooling water flowing from the supply passage 118 to the discharge passage 119 absorbs the heat generated by the water plasma J, thereby providing a cooling effect for the cooling vessel 110.

When water plasma J is sprayed from chamber 17 of water plasma generator 11 as described above, water plasma J can be introduced into reaction tube 13 from inlet 103, as shown in FIG. 8A. In this state, reaction tube 13 can prevent heat from diffusing to the periphery of the spray area immediately after spraying water plasma J, and the spray area of water plasma J can be covered by reaction tube 13 to maintain a high temperature state. This makes it possible to reliably and efficiently decompose the object to be decomposed using water plasma J inside reaction tube 13, which is in a high temperature state.

Moreover, in the decomposition process using water plasma J, air (oxygen) can be introduced from the inlet 103 toward the inside of the first tube member 101 along with the water plasma J. This makes it possible to suppress incomplete combustion during the decomposition process and reduce the generation of soot.

Furthermore, since a flow path 105 is formed between the first pipe member 101 and the second pipe member 102, air can be introduced from outside the cylindrical body 100 not only at the inlet 103 near the injection position of the water plasma J, but also at the middle part in the injection direction of the water plasma J. This makes it possible to more effectively suppress incomplete combustion and soot generation during the decomposition process. Moreover, the air flow in the flow path 105 can also cool the connection part between the first pipe member 101 and the second pipe member 102 and its surroundings.

In addition, since the opening size of the second tube member 102 is larger than that of the first tube member 101, the cylindrical body 100 can be formed according to the shape of the water plasma J that is gradually expanded and sprayed from the spray nozzle 45.

If the diameter of each tube member 101, 102 is too small, too much heat will be trapped and it will be easily affected by the heat of reaction between the water plasma J and the object to be decomposed, and if the diameter is too large, the heat inside will escape to the outside, reducing the effect of maintaining a high temperature. Therefore, the diameter of each tube member 101, 102 must be set appropriately according to various conditions such as the capacity of the water plasma J, and taking this into consideration, it is advisable to set the inner diameter dimension at the inlet 103 within the range of more than 110 mm and less than 200 mm, as described above.

During the decomposition process of the decomposition target, cooling water can be passed through the thickness of the reactor 14 to cool it and use it. A heat-resistant layer 112 is provided along the inner circumference of the cooling container 110 in the reactor 14, so that the vaporized decomposition target is rapidly cooled near the inner surface of the reactor 14, preventing it from becoming liquid and adhering to the inner surface and contaminating it.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be modified in various ways. In the above embodiment, the size, shape, direction, etc. shown in the attached drawings are not limited to these, and can be modified as appropriate within the scope of the effects of the present invention. In addition, the present invention can be modified as appropriate without departing from the scope of the purpose of the present invention.

For example, in the above embodiment, the supply unit 12 has a single nozzle opening 80 and a single nozzle flow path 81, but this is not limited to the above and may be modified as shown in FIG. 9. FIG. 9A is a schematic perspective view of a supply unit according to a modified example, FIG. 9B is a front view of a supply unit according to a modified example, and FIG. 9C is a vertical cross-sectional view of a supply unit according to a modified example. In the modified examples of FIGS. 9A to 9C, the supply unit 12 has multiple nozzle openings 86 and nozzle flow paths 87 (five in the figure). According to the configuration of the modified example, by having multiple nozzle openings 86, the volume ratio to the surface area can be reduced while maintaining approximately the same supply amount of the decomposition target, and the amount of heat absorbed from the water plasma J can be increased to make it easier to increase the temperature.

In the modified example shown in Figures 9A to 9C, a screw insertion hole 88 is formed in the shape of a long hole extending in the vertical direction in the figure, and a pin insertion hole 89 is formed above the screw insertion hole 88.

Furthermore, the position of the supply unit 12 on the injection nozzle forming body 44 as viewed from the front can be changed in various ways as long as the decomposition target can be ejected from the nozzle orifice 80 into the water plasma J. For example, the nozzle orifice 80 may be disposed below the injection nozzle 45, and the angle of the virtual line L2 in FIG. 6A may be any angle other than 45° in the left-right direction (e.g., 90° or 60°). However, since an aluminum rod for generating an arc discharge AR may be installed at a position directly above the injection nozzle 45 in the preparation stage for generating the water plasma J, it is preferable to arrange the supply unit 12 so as to avoid the aluminum rod. Furthermore, when the supply units 12 are provided on both sides of the injection nozzle 45, the angles of the supply units 12 on both sides in the left-right direction may be the same or different.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the supply unit 12 is attached to the injection nozzle forming body 44, but the supply unit 12 may be formed so as to be integrally connected to the injection nozzle forming body 44. Furthermore, if heat can be transferred between the injection nozzle forming body 44 and the supply unit 12, a structure such as a spacer may be interposed between them.

Furthermore, the water plasma generator 11 is not limited to use in waste treatment, but can be used in any treatment that uses water plasma, such as thermal spraying.

The present invention has the advantage that it can effectively utilize the decomposition power of the water plasma sprayed from the water plasma generator, and can simplify the cooling structure.

Reference Signs List 10: Decomposition treatment device 11: Water plasma generator 12: Supply section 13: Reaction tube 14: Reaction furnace 16: Cathode 17: Chamber 18: Anode 44: Jet nozzle forming body 45: Jet nozzle 80: Nozzle nozzle 100: Cylindrical body 101: Tube member 101: First tube member 102: Second tube member 102: Tube member 103: Inlet 105: Flow path 107: Support shaft 110: Cooling vessel 112: Heat-resistant layer AR: Arc discharge J: Water plasma

Claims (6)

a water plasma generator that injects water plasma by passing an arc discharge through the inside of a vortex water flow;
a supply unit that supplies a decomposition target to the water plasma, and the decomposition treatment device decomposes the decomposition target by the water plasma,
The water plasma generator includes a chamber for forming the vortex water flow by water supplied therein and for spraying the water plasma from a nozzle, and an anode and a cathode for generating an arc discharge passing through the vortex water flow in the chamber, the anode being provided at a position near the nozzle outside the chamber,
the chamber includes a jet nozzle forming body that forms the jet nozzle and is cooled by water supplied to the inside of the chamber;
The decomposition processing apparatus is characterized in that the supply section is disposed on the injection port formation body and is cooled by heat transfer between the supply section and the injection port formation body. The supply unit includes a nozzle port for ejecting the decomposition target,
2. The decomposition processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the nozzle port in the supply section and a surface of the jet port in the jet port forming body are substantially parallel to each other. The supply unit includes a nozzle port for ejecting the decomposition target,
2. The decomposition treatment device according to claim 1, wherein an angle of the ejection direction of the material to be decomposed from the nozzle opening is set within a range of greater than 0° and less than 45° with respect to an imaginary line passing through the nozzle opening and parallel to a central axis of the water plasma. The decomposition processing device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the nozzle orifice is disposed on a line passing through the central axis position of the injection orifice and the outer edge of the injection orifice forming body, at a position closer to the central axis position of the injection orifice than the outer edge. The decomposition processing device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the nozzle orifice is located diagonally above the injection orifice when viewed from the central axis direction of the water plasma injected from the injection orifice. The decomposition processing device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the supply unit has a plurality of the nozzle openings.

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