JPH01102143A - Opening and closing type roof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To enhance the opening and closing efficiency of a doom roof by allowing each of a plurality of roof members formed by radially dividing the room roof to tilt about a pivot shaft at its proximal end and to fold at its intermediate part. CONSTITUTION: A doom roof 1 is divided into a plurality of roof members 4, radially from the center part of the doom roof 1, as viewed in a plan view. These roof members 4 are journalled at their proximal ends to an outer wall 3 by means of hinges 12 so as to be tiltable, and further, they are foldable at their intermediate parts about universal hinges 13. When the doom roof is shifted to an opened position from a closed position, the roof members 4 are tilted about the proximal ends of the roof members so that their front ends are raised, and thereafter, are folded inward of a building at its heightwise center part. With this arrangement, the opening area of the doom roof can be increased, and the area of each of the roof members which catches up a cross wind can be reduced, thereby it is possible to lower the design strength of the footing.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a retractable roof suitable for an all-weather type building such as an athletic stadium where the roof can be opened and closed.

(Prior Art) All conventional retractable roofs have a laminated structure in which the roofs are stacked in several tiers, and the roofs are slid or run in a sliding manner to open and close the top of the building.

For example, the beams and girders that support the roof were configured to be expandable and retractable, or the girders were fitted with running wheels so that they could run on the beams.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in conventional roofs, there is a space left at the top to store the open roof portion, so when considering the aperture ratio in the horizontal projected area of the roof, the opening of the roof Rate 100
It was not possible to give a percentage.

Therefore, when the roof is opened, the roof member is positioned almost vertically, thereby minimizing the flat area required for storage, and the present invention has an opening/closing type with a 100% opening ratio that can sufficiently withstand the effects of cross winds. The purpose is to provide a roof.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the retractable roof of the present invention has a rectangular pyramid, triangular pyramid, cone, dome shape, etc. roof divided radially from the center of the plane, The base end can be used as a rotation axis to move up and down, and can be bent from the middle in the height direction as appropriate.

(Function) When the roof moves from the closed state to the open state, it rotates in the elevation direction about its base end so that the center part when the roof is closed lifts upward, and the roof moves vertically. and stops. Then, the roof member in the open state is bent inward from the center in the height direction of the building, and the height of the roof member in the open state becomes approximately half the height of the roof member.

(Embodiments) Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a building having a hemispherical dome roof 1, in which the dome roof 1 is placed on an outer wall 3 which is erected circularly on a ground surface 2.

The dome roof 1 has a structure in which it is cut down and divided radially at 60 degree intervals from the center point of the top of the roof, and each roof member 4-4a-
Consists of 4b4-4a-4b-4.

Each roof member 4 to 4e is a frame 6 made of lightweight steel frames assembled in a lattice manner.
The roof is covered with thin metal sheets and a membrane treated with fluororesin.

Furthermore, each midway section is a flexible hinge that bends toward the inside of the building.

There is a ground 8 in the center of the building, and stands 9 surround the outer periphery.

That is, the dome roof 1 has a hemispherical shape when closed, but when opened, each of the roof members 4 to 4e rotates around the base edge located on the outer wall 3 side in the elevation direction, that is, rises up. The roof opens in six directions from the top of the roof (Fig. 2), and then, as shown in Fig. 3, the roof members 4 to 4e are folded inward from the middle part in the open height direction, increasing the aperture ratio and opening the roof. The area where the wind hits the members 4 to 4e is reduced.

Note that the frames of the roof members 4 to 4e are not limited to metal, and may be made of a composite material of plastic and metal, and it is desirable to reduce the weight.

Next, since the roof members 4 to 4e all have the same structure,
One of them is illustrated in detail in FIG. Each figure is a side view of only the roof member 4, and the outside of the outer wall 3 forms an inclined surface 10 that descends outward from its top, and furthermore, an inclined surface 10 is formed on the outside of the outer wall 3.
A base end 11 of a roof member 4 is rotatably supported by a hinge 12 on the outer edge of the top of the roof member 4.

The middle part of this roof member 4 is folded in the middle at the flexible 1st part 13, and the upper opening/closing roof 5. The base has a lower retractable roof 7. That is, the roof member 4 has an upper retractable roof 5.
Each of the lower retractable roofs 7 is formed of a frame 6, and the upper and lower retractable roofs 5, 7 are connected by a swivel hinge 13.

Roof interconnectors 14 are installed at the endportal of the upper retractable roof 5 and the lower retractable roof 7, which are connected and connected by the swivel hinge 13, and at the endportal of the roof member 4, respectively. Consideration has been given to waterproof properties and safe bonding.

The connector 14 is a Utility Application filed in 1983 in the applicant's earlier application.
No. 0-161309 is good. This has a sickle-shaped lock on the - side,
A lock hole is provided on the other side to engage with this, and the two are connected in a drawn state.

The rotation movement at the base end 11 of the roof member 4 and the bending movement from the swivel 13 are performed by the following structure.

Hydraulic cylinders 15 and 17 are used for driving power.

One end of the first cylinder 15 is located inside the top of the outer wall 3, and the tip of the cylinder shaft 16 is located at the base end 11 of the lower retractable roof 7.
It is rotatably supported at a position slightly upwardly away from the base.

By controlling the oil pressure of the first cylinder 15 and expanding and contracting its cylinder shaft 16, the roof member 4 rotates back and forth in the upward and downward direction using the hinge 12 at the base end 11 as the rotation axis. When it moves in elevation, its base end 11 escapes in the direction of inclination due to the inclined surface 10, so the tip that bends inward due to the curved curvature of the roof member 4 reliably moves to the outside of the stand 9, and the opening ratio is 100%. can get.

Further, in the middle of the roof member 4, one end of the second cylinder 17 is pivoted slightly below the joint between the upper retractable roof 5 and the lower retractable roof 7, and is attached to the tip of the cylinder shaft 18. A sickle-shaped bracket 20 is pivoted between the cylinder shaft 18 and the base of the upper retractable roof 5.

When the cylinder shaft 18 is extended, the bracket 20 rotates forward using the rotary shaft 13 as a rotation axis, and as a result, the upper retractable roof 5 bends forward into the inside of the building. When the cylinder shaft 18 is retracted, the operation is reversed and the upper retractable roof 5 returns to the vertical state.

The bracket 20 transmits the linear motion of the cylinder shaft 18 to the upper opening/closing roof 5 and is interlocked therewith. That is, since the force of the second cylinder 17 is transmitted to the upper opening/closing roof 5, the shape of the bracket 20 is such that the center of the tip neck of the cylinder shaft 18 always moves outward from the axis of the swivel hinge 13. It is fine as long as it is something.

Therefore, a bracket 22 as shown in FIG. 5 is also conceivable. The side surface of this bracket 22 is formed into a fishhook lock, and its curved portion is pivotally supported on the shaft of the universal hinge 13, and the cylinder shaft 18 is pivotally attached to the tip of the short extension end 24, while the long The extended end portion 25 is pivoted at an intermediate position of the upper retractable roof 5.

According to this bracket 22, contrary to the case of the bracket 20, the upper retractable roof 5 maintains a vertical position when the cylinder shaft 18 is extended, and the swivel hinge 1 remains in the retracted position.
The upper opening/closing roof 5 is bent inward using the rotation axis 3. Since the point of action of this bending movement is not at the base of the upper retractable roof 5 (as in the case of FIG. 4) but at an intermediate position, the stress applied to the frame 6 can be relatively weak.

(Effects) As explained in detail above, according to the retractable roof of the present invention, since the base end of the roof is used as the pivot axis to open vertically to the outside of the building, the roof can be opened horizontally when fully opened. The projected area is minimized and the aperture ratio can be 100%. Therefore, the feeling of openness is not much different from that without a roof. Also, unlike a multi-layered structure, the roof does not have any steps, so when it is opened or closed, a flat surface with no steps is obtained, which is relatively advantageous in terms of rain protection. Naturally, regarding the problem of blowing, no special means for closing the stepped portion is required.

Furthermore, when the roof is open, the roof is folded in the middle, reducing the area exposed to crosswinds and lowering its height, which is advantageous in terms of wind resistance and aesthetics. This has a significant effect in reducing the design strength of the foundation that supports the roof.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures all relate to embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the dome roof, FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views showing its operating state, and FIG. 4 is for explaining the operating structure of the roof. side view,
FIG. 5 is a side view for explaining another operating structure.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A rectangular pyramid, triangular pyramid, cone, dome shape, etc. roof is divided radially from the central part of the plane, and the base end is used as a rotation axis to move up and down, and the roof can be bent halfway in the height direction as appropriate. A retractable roof characterized by being configured so that it can be opened and closed.