JPH01150703A - Steam load analyzer for boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To easily measure the max. vapor consumption, boiler efficiency, etc., by attaching sensors for detecting flow rate signals to a fuel and feed water flowmeters and pressure sensor for measuring the internal pressure to a boiler, and providing a load analyzer for operating and storing the vapor load, based on the signals from the sensors. CONSTITUTION: A pressure sensor 2 for measuring the boiler pressure is provided at a boiler 1, and sensors 7 for converting flow rates to signals and sending to a load analyzer 6 are provided at a fuel flowmeter FO and feed water flowmeter WF. The load analyzer 6 receiving the signals of the fuel and feed water flow rates analyzes the load from these values to operate and store the vapor consumption, boiler efficiency, etc. A disc 12 is fixed to a rotary shaft 17 of an existing flowmeter 10 having a needle 11 and identifying pieces 13 such as metal pieces or paint pieces adhered to equal divisions of about 1/20-1/100 of full revolution. The sensors 7 disposed near the identifying pieces 13 use optical sensors or magnetic sensors.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a steam load analyzer in a steam generator such as a boiler.

[Prior art]

In factories, buildings, shops, etc., steam is used as a means of heating and heating, and boilers are installed as steam generating equipment. A steam flow meter is a device used to measure the amount of steam used by a boiler, but there are generally few places that have a steam flow meter installed in each boiler.
This is because it is expensive, or because there is no problem with installing it separately. Normally, the amount of steam used is calculated as an average value from hourly records of water supply flow rate, fuel flow rate, and the like.

However, the amount of steam used fluctuates over time as shown in FIG. Therefore, if you want to know the instantaneous steam usage (maximum steam usage) or temporal load change trends when expanding or updating boilers, the analysis method using the average value described above will not provide accurate values; By adding a flow meter,
It takes time and cost.

[Purpose and outline of the invention]

It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a steam load analyzer for a boiler that has a simple structure and can be easily installed in an existing boiler.

That is, the present invention connects a fuel supply line (3), a water supply line (4), and a steam line (9) to the boiler (1), and also connects the fuel supply line (3) to the boiler (1).
and a fuel flow meter (OF) in the water supply line (4), respectively.
In a device in which a water supply flowmeter (WF) is inserted, a sensor (7) for detecting a flow rate signal is installed in each of the flowmeters.
), the boiler (1) is provided with a pressure sensor (2) for measuring the internal pressure of the boiler, and a load analyzer (6) is provided for calculating and storing the steam load based on the signals from these sensors. It is characterized by the fact that it has been provided.

[Embodiments of the Invention] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. In the figure, (1) is a boiler, (2) is a pressure sensor installed in this boiler to measure the pressure inside the can, and (3)
) is a fuel supply line, and (4) is a water supply line. A fuel flow meter (OF), a fuel supply pump (OP), and an electromagnetic on-off valve (5) are inserted into the fuel supply line (3), and the fuel flow meter (OF) receives a signal indicating the fuel flow rate. A sensor (7) is provided for conversion and sending to a load analyzer (6). In addition, there is a water supply flowmeter (WF) in the water supply line (3).
), a water supply pump (controller), and a check valve (8) are installed, and the water supply flow meter (WF) is equipped with a sensor (7) for converting the water supply flow rate into a signal and sending it to the load analyzer (6). ) has been established. (9) is a steam line, into which a main steam valve 06) is inserted.

The broken lines in the figure indicate signal lines, and the load analyzer (6) receives the furnace signals of pressure, fuel flow rate, and feed water flow rate, performs load analysis from those values, and calculates steam usage, boiler efficiency, etc. Remember. Data collection time, sampling frequency,
The time is set appropriately in advance. Figures 2 to 4 show a structure in which a sensor is attached to an existing flowmeter. A disk 02) is fixed to the rotating shaft (17) of a flowmeter 0 (I) having a pointer aO, and near the outer edge of this disk there is a rotational speed equal to about 1720 to 1/100. An identification piece such as a piece of metal or paint is attached to one side of the divided position. If a metal piece is to be attached, the material of the disc should be non-metallic.

As the sensor (7) provided close to one side of the identification, an optical sensor, a magnetic sensor, or the like is used. 04
) is a fixing member for fixing the sensor (7) to the flowmeter 00), and 05) is its stopper. With the structure described above, minute changes in flow rate can be measured by integrating the number of identification pieces that cross the front surface of the sensor per sampling time.

Although the above embodiment uses a flowmeter without a signal transmission function, a flowmeter having a signal transmission function utilizes that function.

Next, a method for calculating steam usage and boiler efficiency based on the obtained data will be explained. First, a method for calculating the amount of steam used will be explained, which is calculated based on steam pressure and fuel flow rate data. Appropriate data sampling time is approximately every 10sees.

(1) When the steam pressure inside the can is constant When the steam pressure inside the can is constant, all of the human heat is used to generate steam, so the steam pressure inside the can is 5 kg/crMG (Enthalpy of saturated cool air 657 .99 kcal/kg, enthalpy of saturated water 159.559 kca j/kg) Boiler efficiency: 90% Feed water temperature: 20°C (enthalpy of saturated water 20.03
kcal/kg) Fuel flow 1: 0.191/10sec, heat input = fuel flow rate x specific gravity x calorific value of fuel - 〇, 19X
O, 86
3) = 2.35 kg (2) When the steam pressure inside the can is decreasing When the steam pressure inside the can is decreasing, add the amount of self-evaporation. During the sampling period, the pressure inside the can increased from 5.4 to 4.
If it becomes 6kg/cJG, reduce the amount of water held in the can by 200
1. Assuming other conditions are the same as above, self-evaporation amount = χ kg 5.4 kg / enthalpy of saturated steam of CTII G 658.64 kcal/kg, enthalpy of saturated water 162.174 kcal/kg4, 6 kg / c.
Enthalpy of saturated steam of wt G 657.28 kca
l/kg, enthalpy of saturated water 156.810kca
l/kg (200-χ') X 156.810+χX
657.99 = 162.174
9kg (3) When the steam pressure inside the can increases When the steam pressure inside the can increases, calculate by subtracting the amount of heat required to increase the enthalpy of the amount of water held in the boiler. During the sampling time, the pressure inside the can increased from 4.6 to 5.4.
kg/ctMG, assuming other conditions are the same as above, (162,174-156,810) x 200 =
1 (172.8kca11 (172.8÷657.9
9 = 1.63kg, so the amount of steam is 2.35-1.63
The amount of steam used is calculated as follows: = 0.72 kg or more, but a correction factor is used as appropriate, taking into consideration the type of boiler, operating conditions, etc.

Next, a method for calculating boiler efficiency will be explained, which is calculated based on data on fuel flow rate and water supply flow rate.

The data sampling time is longer than that for steam usage, and may be hourly or daily data.

Boiler efficiency η - (heat output quantum heat input) x 100% human calorific value = calorific value of fuel = 10200kcal/kg
- Amount of heat output = Amount of steam generated x Amount of heat generated by the generated steam =
Water supply amount ÷ Fuel usage amount = 852 kg ÷ 58.7 kg = 14.51 kg/
Retained heat of kg generated steam (average steam pressure 5 kg/c1iIG
.

Dryness 0.99) = (0,99x 657.99+ 0.01x 15
9.559) -20,030= 632.976kc
al/kg, °, η= (14,51X632.976)÷102
00x 100=90.0% The data obtained as described above is stored in the load analyzer, outputted and confirmed as necessary, and a more detailed analysis is attempted based on the data. .

[Effects of the Invention] With the above configuration, the present invention can easily measure accurate values such as the maximum amount of steam used and boiler efficiency. In particular, it is excellent in that it is possible to accurately analyze the steam load per minute time by taking into account changes in steam pressure. The configuration is simple and low cost, and it can be easily applied to existing boilers by using the existing water supply and fuel flow meters.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a system according to an embodiment of this invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the structure of sensor installation of an existing flowmeter in an embodiment of this invention, and Fig. 3 is a configuration of the structure. FIG. 4 is a partial vertical sectional view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a graph showing temporal fluctuations in steam load. (1)...Boiler (2)...Pressure sensor (3)...Fuel supply line (4)...Water supply line (6)...Load analyzer (7)...Sensor (9) )... Steam line (10)... Flow meter 02)... Disc 03)... Identification piece θ''D... Rotating shaft (OF)... Fuel flow meter (WF)...・Water supply flowmeter patent applicant: Miura Kogyo Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 5 Time

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) a fuel supply line (3) to the boiler (1);
A water supply line (4) and a steam line (9) are connected to the fuel supply line (3) and a water supply line (4), respectively, and a fuel flow meter (OF) and a water supply flow meter (
WF), each of the flowmeters is provided with a sensor (7) for detecting a flow rate signal, and the boiler (1) is provided with a pressure sensor (2) for measuring the internal pressure of the boiler. 1. A steam load analyzer for a boiler, characterized in that a load analyzer (6) is provided for calculating and storing the steam load based on signals from these sensors. (2) A disk (12) is fixed coaxially to the rotating shaft (17) of the rotary integrating flowmeter (10), and a large number of identification pieces (13) are divided almost equally in the circumferential direction on this disk. and provide
The steam load analyzer for a boiler according to claim 1, further comprising a sensor (7) provided close to the identification piece (13).