JPH01156455A - Manufacture of shape memory alloy - Google Patents
Manufacture of shape memory alloyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01156455A JPH01156455A JP31487287A JP31487287A JPH01156455A JP H01156455 A JPH01156455 A JP H01156455A JP 31487287 A JP31487287 A JP 31487287A JP 31487287 A JP31487287 A JP 31487287A JP H01156455 A JPH01156455 A JP H01156455A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- shape memory
- memory alloy
- wire
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910018054 Ni-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910018481 Ni—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910004353 Ti-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 28
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminotitanium Chemical compound [Ti]=N KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Heat Treatment Of Nonferrous Metals Or Alloys (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（技術分野）
本発明は、Ｔｉ−Ｎｉ−Ｃｕ系の形状記憶合金の製造方
法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field) The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a Ti-Ni-Cu based shape memory alloy.
（背景技術）
形状記憶合金は組成で大別すると、Ｎ ｉ −Ｔ ｉ系
と、Ｃｕ系（例えば、Ｃｕ−Ｚｎ−Ａ１’系、Ｃｕ−Ａ
ｌ−Ｎｉ系等）に分けることができる。−船釣にＮｉ−
Ｔ ｉ系の方が信頼性が高く、また、耐食性も良好で、
実用例が多い、形状記憶合金は、工業的には、センサー
とアクチュエータを兼用した素子として使用されること
が多いが、そのとき、相変態開始温度や出力荷重の変動
等の劣化が少ないことは実用上極めて重要である。また
、比較的高い動作温度を必要とする用途は多々ある。し
かしながら、現状では、ヒートサイクルをかけると特性
が劣化することが多く、また作動温度が比較的低いとい
う問題があった。(Background Art) Shape memory alloys can be broadly classified into Ni-Ti type and Cu type (e.g. Cu-Zn-A1' type, Cu-A type).
l-Ni type, etc.). -Ni for boat fishing-
The Ti series is more reliable and has better corrosion resistance.
Shape memory alloys, which have many practical applications, are often used industrially as elements that double as sensors and actuators, but in this case, it is important to note that there is little deterioration due to changes in phase transformation start temperature or output load. This is extremely important in practical terms. Additionally, there are many applications that require relatively high operating temperatures. However, at present, there are problems in that the characteristics often deteriorate when heat cycles are applied, and the operating temperature is relatively low.
形状記憶合金の特性のうち、相変態開始温度や信頼性（
寿命）は相変態の様式、つまり結晶構造変化の様式に依
存する。Ｎｉ−Ｔｉ系では３種の様式が知られており、
これを第１表に示す。Among the characteristics of shape memory alloys, phase transformation start temperature and reliability (
lifespan) depends on the mode of phase transformation, that is, the mode of crystal structure change. Three types of Ni-Ti systems are known.
This is shown in Table 1.
第１表
組成の現点から言えば、Ｎ ｉ −Ｔ ｉ合金ではマル
テンサイト及びＲ相が現れ、Ｎｉ−Ｔｉ−Ｃｕ合金では
オーソロミック相が現れる。なお、Ｎ ｉ −Ｔ ｉ−
Ｃｕ合金に種々の元素を添加した形状記憶合金は、特公
昭６１−５４８５０号公報に開示されており、変態様式
についての記述はないが、組成自体は公知である。From the point of view of the composition in Table 1, martensite and R phase appear in the Ni-Ti alloy, and an orthoromic phase appears in the Ni-Ti-Cu alloy. Note that N i -T i-
A shape memory alloy made by adding various elements to a Cu alloy is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-54850, and although there is no description of the transformation mode, the composition itself is known.
ここで、マルテンサイト相はヒートサイクルによる劣化
が激しく、また、Ｒ相はこの劣化が非常に少ないが、相
変態開始温度が概略５０℃以下と低く、高温での動作を
必要とする用途には使用できないという欠点がある。Here, the martensitic phase deteriorates severely due to heat cycles, and the R phase suffers very little from this deterioration, but its phase transformation initiation temperature is as low as approximately 50°C or less, making it suitable for applications that require operation at high temperatures. The disadvantage is that it cannot be used.
（発明の目的）
本発明は上述のような点に鑑みてなされたものであり、
その目的とするところは、相変態開始温度が概略５０℃
以上と高く、且つヒートサイクルをかけても劣化の少な
い形状記憶合金の製造方法を提供することにある。(Object of the invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and
The purpose is to have a phase transformation start temperature of approximately 50°C.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a shape memory alloy which has the above-mentioned properties and exhibits less deterioration even when subjected to heat cycles.
（発明の開示）
本発明に係る形状記憶合金の製造方法にあっては、上記
の目的を達成するために、Ｔｉを４９．５乃至５０．５
原子％、Ｃｕを５．５乃至１２原子％含むＴｉ−Ｎｉ−
Ｃｕ系の合金を冷間加工した後、３５０乃至６００℃の
低温熱処理を施すことを特徴とするものである。(Disclosure of the Invention) In the method for manufacturing a shape memory alloy according to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, Ti is contained in a range of 49.5 to 50.5.
Ti-Ni- containing 5.5 to 12 atom% of Cu
It is characterized in that after cold working the Cu-based alloy, it is subjected to low-temperature heat treatment at 350 to 600°C.
木発明者らは、実験の結果、オーソロミック相変態がヒ
ートサイクルの繰り返しによる劣化度が少なく、信頼性
に優れることを見出した。そこで、このオーソロミック
変態が現れる範囲で、相変態開始温度を上げるべく組成
を限定した。その組成は、Ｎ１−Ｔｉ−Ｃｕ３元系で、
Ｔｉが４９．５乃至５０．５原子％が適正である。この
範囲内で相変態開始温度が最高となり、この範囲を外す
と、温度が低下する。また、Ｃｕの含有量は５．５乃至
１２原子％が適正である。５．５原子％未溝になると、
変態様式がＣｕを添加しないＮ ｉ −Ｔ ｉ合金と同
じくマルテンサイト変悪となり、１２原子％を越えると
、熱間加工が困難となるからである。以上のように、Ｎ
ｉが４９．５乃至５０．５ｙＫ千％、Ｃｕが５．５乃至
１２原子％の範囲がオーソロミック変態を行い、且つ、
相変態開始温度の高い範囲である。As a result of experiments, the inventors discovered that orthoromic phase transformation has less deterioration due to repeated heat cycles and is highly reliable. Therefore, the composition was limited in order to raise the phase transformation initiation temperature within a range where this orthoromic transformation occurs. Its composition is N1-Ti-Cu ternary system,
A suitable Ti content is 49.5 to 50.5 at%. The phase transformation initiation temperature is highest within this range, and the temperature decreases outside this range. Further, the appropriate Cu content is 5.5 to 12 atomic %. When it becomes 5.5 atomic% ungrooved,
This is because the transformation mode becomes martensitic as in the Ni--Ti alloy to which no Cu is added, and if the content exceeds 12 atomic %, hot working becomes difficult. As mentioned above, N
i is 49.5 to 50.5yK 1,000%, Cu is 5.5 to 12 atomic%, orthoromic transformation occurs, and
This is a high range of phase transformation start temperature.
また、上記組成の合金材料に冷間加工を施した後、低温
熱処理を施して、材料に加工歪を残し、信頼性をさらに
向上させた。冷間加工率は概略１０％〜４０％が適正で
ある。１０％未満では信頼性（寿命）改善の効果が小さ
く、４０％を越えると冷間加工ができなくなるからであ
る。熱処理温度は３５０℃乃至６００℃が適正である。Furthermore, after cold working the alloy material having the above composition, low-temperature heat treatment was performed to leave working strain in the material, further improving reliability. Appropriate cold working ratio is approximately 10% to 40%. This is because if it is less than 10%, the effect of improving reliability (life) will be small, and if it exceeds 40%, cold working will not be possible. Appropriate heat treatment temperature is 350°C to 600°C.
３５０℃未満になると記憶効果が不十分で出力荷重が小
さくなり、６００℃以上になると、冷間加工時の歪が除
去されて、信頼性が低下する。If the temperature is less than 350°C, the memory effect will be insufficient and the output load will be small, and if the temperature is 600°C or more, the strain during cold working will be removed and reliability will decrease.
丸１乳
所定の組成のＮｉ−Ｔ１Ｃｕ合金材料をアーク炉での溶
解により得た。この合金材料を温度９５０℃で５時間焼
鈍した後、圧延ロールにて熱間加工を施し、５■φの線
材を得な、焼鈍を繰り返しながら、線引加工を行った後
、９００℃で最終焼鈍を行った。その後、加工率３０％
の冷間加工を行い、０．６ｍｍφの線材を得た。この線
材を治具に巻き付けて、コイル状に成形拘束した後、所
定の温度で低温熱処理を施し、形状記憶処理を行った。A Ni-T1Cu alloy material having a predetermined composition was obtained by melting in an arc furnace. After annealing this alloy material at a temperature of 950°C for 5 hours, it was hot worked using rolling rolls to obtain a wire rod of 5 φ. After repeated annealing, wire drawing was performed, and the final temperature was heated to 900°C. Annealing was performed. After that, processing rate is 30%
A wire rod of 0.6 mmφ was obtained by cold working. This wire rod was wound around a jig, molded and constrained into a coil shape, and then subjected to low-temperature heat treatment at a predetermined temperature to perform shape memory treatment.
このようにして作成した形状記憶合金について、定歪状
悪（せん断歪０．７％）での温度−荷重特性、及びヒー
トサイクル試験後の温度−荷重特性を測定した。具体的
には、ヒートサイクル試験前後で、第１図に示すような
温度−荷重曲線を求めて、この曲線より相変ａ開始温度
Ａｓ、相変態終了温度Ａｒを求めた。また、試験前後で
の出力荷重Ｐの比を算出して、劣化度を評価した。第１
図において、Ａｓは低温相から高温相への相変態開始温
度、Ａｆは同じく相変態終了温度、Ｍｓは高温相から低
温和への相変態開始温度、Ｍｆは同じく相変態終了温度
、Ｐは出力荷重、Ｔは温度である。ヒートサイクル試験
は低温＋！１１０℃、高温側１００℃とし、相変態開始
温度Ａｓと相変態終了温度Ａ「をはさむ温度範囲での温
度上昇と温度下降を経つ返すことにより行った。なお、
サイクル数は３００回とした。Regarding the shape memory alloy thus produced, the temperature-load characteristics at constant strain (shear strain 0.7%) and the temperature-load characteristics after a heat cycle test were measured. Specifically, a temperature-load curve as shown in FIG. 1 was obtained before and after the heat cycle test, and the phase transformation a start temperature As and the phase transformation end temperature Ar were determined from this curve. In addition, the ratio of the output load P before and after the test was calculated to evaluate the degree of deterioration. 1st
In the figure, As is the phase transformation start temperature from the low-temperature phase to the high-temperature phase, Af is the phase transformation termination temperature, Ms is the phase transformation initiation temperature from the high-temperature phase to the low-temperature sum, Mf is the phase transformation termination temperature, and P is the output. Load, T is temperature. Heat cycle test is low temperature +! The temperature was set at 110°C and the high temperature side was set at 100°C, and the temperature was raised and lowered in a temperature range between the phase transformation start temperature As and the phase transformation end temperature A.
The number of cycles was 300.
（以下余白）
第２表
Ａｓ：相変態開始温度〔°Ｃ〕
Ａ「：相変態終了温度〔℃〕
第２表から分かるように、本発明による形状記憶合金は
、低温相から高温相への相変態開始温度Ａｓが高く、概
略５０℃以上である。また、ヒートサイクル試験の前後
で、出力荷重比が７０％以上であり、相変態開始温度Ａ
ｓや相変態終了温度Ａｒの変動は１℃以下である。した
がって、劣化度が少なく、信顆性が高いと言える。(Space below) Table 2 As: Phase transformation start temperature [°C] A': Phase transformation end temperature [°C] As can be seen from Table 2, the shape memory alloy according to the present invention has a high temperature transition from a low-temperature phase to a high-temperature phase. The phase transformation start temperature As is high, approximately 50°C or higher.In addition, the output load ratio is 70% or higher before and after the heat cycle test, and the phase transformation start temperature A
The fluctuations in s and phase transformation end temperature Ar are 1° C. or less. Therefore, it can be said that the degree of deterioration is small and the reliability is high.
（発明の効果）
本発明は上述のように、Ｔｉ−Ｎｉ−Ｃｕ系の形状記憶
合金において、相変態開始温度が高く、且つ低温相がオ
ーソロミック相となるような組成の合金材料を冷間加工
した後、低温熱処理を施すようにしたので、比較的高い
温度で動作し、しかも、ヒートサイクルによる劣化が少
ない形状記憶合金が得られるという効果がある。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention is a Ti-Ni-Cu-based shape memory alloy that cold-works an alloy material having a composition such that the phase transformation initiation temperature is high and the low-temperature phase becomes an orthoromic phase. After that, a low-temperature heat treatment is performed, which has the effect of producing a shape memory alloy that operates at relatively high temperatures and is less susceptible to deterioration due to heat cycles.
第１図は本発明の方法により製造される形状記憶合金の
温度−荷重特性を示す図である。
Ａｓは相変態開始温度、Ｐは出力荷重である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the temperature-load characteristics of a shape memory alloy manufactured by the method of the present invention. As is the phase transformation start temperature, and P is the output load.
Claims (1)
５乃至１２原子％含むＴｉ−Ｎｉ−Ｃｕ系の合金を冷間
加工した後、３５０乃至６００℃の低温熱処理を施すこ
とを特徴とする形状記憶合金の製造方法。(1) 49.5 to 50.5 atomic% Ti, 50 atomic% Cu
A method for producing a shape memory alloy, which comprises cold working a Ti-Ni-Cu alloy containing 5 to 12 atomic % and then subjecting it to low-temperature heat treatment at 350 to 600°C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31487287A JP2732525B2 (en) | 1987-12-11 | 1987-12-11 | Manufacturing method of shape memory alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31487287A JP2732525B2 (en) | 1987-12-11 | 1987-12-11 | Manufacturing method of shape memory alloy |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01156455A true JPH01156455A (en) | 1989-06-20 |
| JP2732525B2 JP2732525B2 (en) | 1998-03-30 |
Family
ID=18058634
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31487287A Expired - Fee Related JP2732525B2 (en) | 1987-12-11 | 1987-12-11 | Manufacturing method of shape memory alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2732525B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01215948A (en) * | 1988-02-22 | 1989-08-29 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Ni-ti-cu shape-memory alloy and its manufacture |
-
1987
- 1987-12-11 JP JP31487287A patent/JP2732525B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01215948A (en) * | 1988-02-22 | 1989-08-29 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Ni-ti-cu shape-memory alloy and its manufacture |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2732525B2 (en) | 1998-03-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |