JPH01166894A - Laser beam machine - Google Patents
Laser beam machineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01166894A JPH01166894A JP62321519A JP32151987A JPH01166894A JP H01166894 A JPH01166894 A JP H01166894A JP 62321519 A JP62321519 A JP 62321519A JP 32151987 A JP32151987 A JP 32151987A JP H01166894 A JPH01166894 A JP H01166894A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- collimation
- laser
- laser beam
- curvature
- beam diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
- B23K26/705—Beam measuring devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
[産業上の利用分野]
本発明は、レーザ光線を集光して被加工物を高精度に加
工するレーザ加工機に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a laser processing machine that focuses a laser beam to process a workpiece with high precision.
[従来の技術]
TS3図は従来のレーザ加工機の一例を示す構成図であ
る。図において、(1)はレーザ発振器、(2)はレー
ザの励起媒質、(3) 、 (4)はそれぞれ励起媒質
(2)を間にはさむようにして配置された全反射鏡及び
部分反射鏡で、全反射鏡(3)、部分反射m(4)によ
り光共振器を構成している。(5)はレーザ発振器(1
)により発振されたレーザビーム、(6)はレーザ発振
器(1)から発振されたレーザビーム(5)を反射して
90度方向変換させる平面反射鏡である。(7)はレー
ザ加工機の先端部に設けられた加工ヘッド、(8)は加
工ヘッド(7)内に設けられ、内部に入射するレーザビ
ーム(5)を集光する集光レンズ、(9)は集光された
レーザビーム(5)により加工される被加工物である。[Prior Art] Figure TS3 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional laser processing machine. In the figure, (1) is a laser oscillator, (2) is a laser excitation medium, and (3) and (4) are a total reflection mirror and a partial reflection mirror arranged with excitation medium (2) in between, respectively. , a total reflection mirror (3), and a partial reflection mirror m(4) constitute an optical resonator. (5) is a laser oscillator (1
), and (6) is a plane reflecting mirror that reflects the laser beam (5) emitted from the laser oscillator (1) and changes its direction by 90 degrees. (7) is a processing head provided at the tip of the laser processing machine; (8) is a condensing lens provided within the processing head (7) to focus the laser beam (5) entering the interior; ) is a workpiece to be processed by a focused laser beam (5).
いま、全反射鏡(3)及び部分反射鏡(4)からなる光
共振器の内部でレーザ共振がおこると、その一部は部分
反射鏡(4)からレーザ発振器(1)の外部にレーザビ
ーム(5)となって発振される。このレーザビーム(5
)は平面反射鏡(6)で反射され、90度方向変換して
加工ヘッド(7)に入り、さらに集光レンズ(8)によ
り集光されて被加工物(9)に照射される。この際、被
加工物(9)上に集光され照射されたレーザビーム(5
)は、NC装置に制御される駆動機構(図示せず)によ
って被加工物(9)上を所望の位置に移動し、被加工物
(9)を所望の形状に加工する。Now, when laser resonance occurs inside the optical resonator consisting of the total reflection mirror (3) and the partial reflection mirror (4), a part of the resonance occurs as a laser beam from the partial reflection mirror (4) to the outside of the laser oscillator (1). (5) and oscillates. This laser beam (5
) is reflected by a plane reflecting mirror (6), changes direction by 90 degrees, enters a processing head (7), is further focused by a condensing lens (8), and is irradiated onto a workpiece (9). At this time, the laser beam (5) is focused and irradiated onto the workpiece (9).
) is moved to a desired position on the workpiece (9) by a drive mechanism (not shown) controlled by an NC device, and processes the workpiece (9) into a desired shape.
第4図は第3図に示した加工ヘッド(7)の集光レンズ
(8)に入射するレーザビーム(5)のビーム径りと伝
送距1ifIIとの関係を示す線図である。図に示すよ
うに、伝送距ilIIgが増加すると入射ビーム径りは
漸次増加していく。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the beam diameter of the laser beam (5) incident on the condensing lens (8) of the processing head (7) shown in FIG. 3 and the transmission distance 1ifII. As shown in the figure, as the transmission distance ilIIg increases, the incident beam radius gradually increases.
第5図は、第3図に示した集光レンズ(8)に入射する
レーザビーム(5)の入射ビーム径りと、集光されたレ
ーザビーム(5)のビーム径(スポット径)dとの関係
を示す説明図、第6図は入射ビーム径りとスポット径d
との関係を示す線図である。Figure 5 shows the incident beam diameter of the laser beam (5) that enters the condensing lens (8) shown in Figure 3, and the beam diameter (spot diameter) d of the focused laser beam (5). Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the incident beam diameter and the spot diameter d.
FIG.
第6図に示すように、入射ビーム径りが増加するにつれ
スポット径dは減少していく。なお、レーザビーム(5
)の波長をλ、集光レンズ(8)の焦点距離をfとする
と、スポット径dは、
πD
一方、第7図は第3図に示した部分反射鏡(4)の種々
の吸収率(エネルギー損失率)(本実施例では部分反射
鏡の吸収率の一例として0%。As shown in FIG. 6, as the diameter of the incident beam increases, the spot diameter d decreases. In addition, the laser beam (5
) is the wavelength of λ, and the focal length of the condensing lens (8) is f, then the spot diameter d is πD On the other hand, FIG. 7 shows the various absorption coefficients ( Energy loss rate) (In this example, 0% as an example of the absorption rate of the partially reflecting mirror.
0.2%、0.4%、0.6%のものを採用)に対する
レーザビーム(5)の伝送距離gと、入射ビーム径りと
の関係を示を線図である。図に示すように、部分反射鏡
(4)の吸収率が変化すると、部分反射鏡(4〉が光学
的に変形するので、伝送する入射ビーム径りも伝送距離
gの増加に伴ない変化する。2 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the transmission distance g of the laser beam (5) and the incident beam diameter for the laser beams (0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6%). As shown in the figure, when the absorption rate of the partial reflector (4) changes, the partial reflector (4) optically deforms, so the diameter of the transmitted incident beam also changes as the transmission distance g increases. .
[発明が解決しようとする問題点]
上記のように構成した従来のレーザ加工機によれば、レ
ーザ発振器(1)から集光レンズ(8)までの伝送距離
Ωを変化させながら加工するので、被加工物(9)の加
工位置により入射ビーム径りが変化し、従って、スポッ
ト径dが変化する(第4図。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] According to the conventional laser processing machine configured as described above, processing is performed while changing the transmission distance Ω from the laser oscillator (1) to the condensing lens (8). The incident beam diameter changes depending on the processing position of the workpiece (9), and therefore the spot diameter d changes (FIG. 4).
第6図)。さらにレーザビーム(5)に対する部分反射
鏡(4)の吸収率の変化によっても入射ビーム径D1す
なわちスポット径dが変化する(第7図。Figure 6). Furthermore, the incident beam diameter D1, that is, the spot diameter d, also changes depending on the change in the absorption rate of the partial reflecting mirror (4) for the laser beam (5) (FIG. 7).
第6図)。ところでスポット径dが変化するということ
は、被加工物(9)上でのレーザビーム(5)のエネル
ギー密度が変化するということであり、このため、被加
工物(9)を常に一定状態で加工することができないと
いう問題があった。Figure 6). By the way, a change in the spot diameter d means that the energy density of the laser beam (5) on the workpiece (9) changes. There was a problem that it could not be processed.
本発明は上記の問題点を解決するためになされたもので
、被加工物を常に一定のエネルギー密度で高精度に加工
することのできるレーザ加工機を得ることを目的とする
。The present invention was made in order to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a laser processing machine that can always process a workpiece with high precision at a constant energy density.
゛[問題点を解決するための手段]
本発明は上記の目的を達成するためになされたもので、
加工ヘッド人口の入射ビーム径を検出するビーム径検出
機構と、レーザ発振器と加工ヘッド間に設けられ、前記
入射ビーム径の検出信号によりコリメーション曲率を制
御するコリメーション機構とを備えたレーザ加工機を提
供するものである。゛[Means for solving the problems] The present invention has been made to achieve the above objects,
Provided is a laser processing machine equipped with a beam diameter detection mechanism that detects the incident beam diameter of a processing head, and a collimation mechanism that is provided between a laser oscillator and the processing head and controls a collimation curvature based on a detection signal of the incident beam diameter. It is something to do.
[作 用]
ビーム径検出機構により加工ヘッド入口の入射ビーム径
を検出し、光路中に設けられたコリメーション機構の曲
率を制御して入射ビーム径を変化させる。[Operation] The diameter of the incident beam at the entrance of the processing head is detected by the beam diameter detection mechanism, and the diameter of the incident beam is changed by controlling the curvature of the collimation mechanism provided in the optical path.
[発明の実施例] 第1図は本発明の実施例を示す構成図である。[Embodiments of the invention] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
なお、第3図と同−又は相当部分には同じ符号を付し、
説明を省略する。(10)はレーザ発振器(1)と加工
ヘッド(7)との間を設けられたコリメーション機構、
(11)はコリメーション機構(10)に設けられ、曲
率Rが変化するコリメーション部、(lla)は平面反
射鏡、(12)はコリメーション部(11)の曲率Rを
変化させるコリメーション制御部、(13)は加工ヘッ
ド(7)の入口の入射ビーム径りを検出するビーム径検
出機構、(14) 、 (15)はそれぞれビーム径検
出機構(13)を構成するセンサ一部及び制御部である
。The same or equivalent parts as in Fig. 3 are given the same reference numerals.
The explanation will be omitted. (10) is a collimation mechanism provided between the laser oscillator (1) and the processing head (7);
(11) is a collimation part that is provided in the collimation mechanism (10) and changes the curvature R; (lla) is a flat reflector; (12) is a collimation control part that changes the curvature R of the collimation part (11); ) is a beam diameter detection mechanism that detects the diameter of the incident beam at the entrance of the processing head (7), and (14) and (15) are a sensor part and a control section, respectively, which constitute the beam diameter detection mechanism (13).
第2図は第1図のコリメーション機構(10)の拡大構
成図である。(16)はコリメーション部(11)の曲
率を変化させるミラー、(17)はミラー(16)の背
面にかかる圧力を変化させるため、ミラー(1B)の背
面の穴洞に満たされた気体(または液体)である。(1
8)は気体(または液体) (17)に圧力を加える圧
力ポンプ、(19)は圧力ポンプ(18)で発生した圧
力をコントロールする圧力制御装置、(20)はコリメ
ーション制御部(12)から発せられた制御信号である
。FIG. 2 is an enlarged configuration diagram of the collimation mechanism (10) of FIG. 1. (16) is a mirror that changes the curvature of the collimation part (11), and (17) is a gas (or liquid). (1
8) is a pressure pump that applies pressure to the gas (or liquid) (17), (19) is a pressure control device that controls the pressure generated by the pressure pump (18), and (20) is a pressure that is emitted from the collimation control section (12). This is the control signal that was generated.
上記のように構成した本発明の詳細な説明すれば次の通
りである。レーザ発振器(1)で発生したレーザビーム
(5)は、コリメーション機構(lO)の平面反射鏡(
lla) 、コリメーション部(11)を介して平面反
射鏡(6)、センサ一部(14)を通り、加工ヘッド(
7)の集光レンズ(8)に入り、ここで集光される。そ
れ以後の被加工物の加工は、従来例で説明した場合と同
じなので説明を省略する。一方、ビーム径検出機構(1
3)のセンサ一部(14)では集光レンズ(8)に入る
入射ビーム径りが検出され、この検出信号は制御部(1
5)を介してコリメーション制御部(12)に伝えられ
る。コリメーション制御部(12)からは制御信号(2
0)が発生され、コリメーション部(11)の曲率Rを
制御信号(20)に対応して変化させる。このため、集
光レンズ(8)には、常に一定の径をもつレーザビーム
を入射させることが可能となる。なお、コリメーション
部(11)のミラー(16)の曲率を変化させるには、
第2図に示す制御信号(20)を圧力制御装置(19)
に伝達することでおこなわれる。この圧力制御装置(1
9)では、圧力ポンプ(18)で発生する圧力をコント
ロールして、ミラー(16)の背面に加えられる気体(
または液体)(17)の圧力を変化させる。これにより
、ミラー(16)の曲率が変化し、従ってコリメーショ
ン部(11)の曲率が変化する。A detailed explanation of the present invention configured as above is as follows. The laser beam (5) generated by the laser oscillator (1) passes through the plane reflector (
lla), passes through the collimation part (11), the flat reflector (6), and a part of the sensor (14), and then enters the processing head (
The light enters the condensing lens (8) of 7) and is condensed here. The subsequent processing of the workpiece is the same as that described in the conventional example, so the explanation will be omitted. On the other hand, the beam diameter detection mechanism (1
The diameter of the incident beam entering the condenser lens (8) is detected by the sensor part (14) of 3), and this detection signal is sent to the control unit (14).
5) to the collimation control unit (12). A control signal (2) is output from the collimation control unit (12).
0) is generated and changes the curvature R of the collimation section (11) in response to the control signal (20). Therefore, a laser beam having a constant diameter can always be incident on the condenser lens (8). In addition, in order to change the curvature of the mirror (16) of the collimation part (11),
The control signal (20) shown in Fig. 2 is transmitted to the pressure control device (19).
This is done by communicating to This pressure control device (1
In step 9), the pressure generated by the pressure pump (18) is controlled to control the gas (
or liquid) (17). This changes the curvature of the mirror (16) and therefore the curvature of the collimation section (11).
[発明の効、果コ
以上の説明から明らかなように本発明によれば、集光レ
ンズに入射するレーザビームの径を一定に保つようにし
たので、被加工物の加工位置や部分反射鏡の吸収率が変
化しても、集光スポット径が変化せず常に一定の精度の
高いレーザ加工が得られる効果がある。[Effects and Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above explanation, according to the present invention, the diameter of the laser beam incident on the condensing lens is kept constant, so the processing position of the workpiece and the partial reflecting mirror are Even if the absorption rate of the laser beam changes, the condensed spot diameter does not change and laser processing with constant high precision can be achieved.
第1図は本発明の実施例を示す構成図、第2図は第1図
の要部を拡大した構成図、第3図は従来のレーザ加工機
の一例を示す構成図、第4図は伝送距離と入射ビーム径
の関係を示す線図、第5図は第3図の説明図、第6図は
入射ビーム径とスポット径の関係を示す線図、第7図は
部分反射鏡の種々の吸収率に対する伝送距離と入射ビー
ム径の関係を示す線図である。
(1)・・・レーザ発振器、(5)・・・レーザビーム
、(7)・・・加工ヘッド、(8)・・・集光レンズ、
(9〉・・・被加工物、(lO)・・・コリメーション
機構、(11)コリメーション部、(12)・・・コリ
メーション制御部、(13)・・・ビーム径検出機構、
(14)・・・センサー、(15)・・・制御部、(1
6)・・・ミラー、(17)・・・気体(または液体)
、(18)・・・圧力ポンプ、(19)・・・圧力制
御装置、(20)・・・制御信号。
図中、同一符号は同一または相当部分を示すものとする
。Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an enlarged main part of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional laser processing machine, and Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional laser processing machine. A diagram showing the relationship between transmission distance and incident beam diameter, Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram of Figure 3, Figure 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between incident beam diameter and spot diameter, and Figure 7 is a diagram showing various types of partially reflecting mirrors. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between transmission distance and incident beam diameter with respect to absorption rate. (1)...Laser oscillator, (5)...Laser beam, (7)...Processing head, (8)...Condenser lens,
(9>... Workpiece, (lO)... Collimation mechanism, (11) Collimation section, (12)... Collimation control section, (13)... Beam diameter detection mechanism,
(14)...sensor, (15)...control unit, (1
6)...mirror, (17)...gas (or liquid)
, (18)...pressure pump, (19)...pressure control device, (20)...control signal. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.
Claims (3)
ーザ光を光学的に集光させる加工ヘッドと、集光した前
記レーザ光の位置と被加工物との相対位置関係を、制御
して所望の位置に前記加工ヘッドを移動させるNC装置
及び駆動機構とから成るレーザ加工機において、 前記レーザ発振器と加工ヘッドの間に設けられコリメー
ション曲率を変化させるコリメーション部を備えたコリ
メーション機構と、前記加工ヘッドの入口に入射する入
射ビーム径を検出するビーム径検出機構と、該ビーム径
検出機構からの検出信号により前記コリメーション機構
に制御信号を送って前記コリメーション部のコリメーシ
ョン曲率を変化させるコリメーション制御部とを備えた
ことを特徴とするレーザ加工機。(1) A laser oscillator that generates a laser beam, a processing head that optically focuses the laser beam, and a relative positional relationship between the focused laser beam and the workpiece by controlling it as desired. A laser processing machine comprising an NC device and a drive mechanism that move the processing head to a position, a collimation mechanism including a collimation section that is provided between the laser oscillator and the processing head and changes a collimation curvature; a beam diameter detection mechanism that detects the diameter of an incident beam incident on an entrance of the beam diameter detection mechanism; and a collimation control section that sends a control signal to the collimation mechanism based on a detection signal from the beam diameter detection mechanism to change the collimation curvature of the collimation section. A laser processing machine characterized by the following features:
ラーと該ミラーの背面の空洞に満された気体とからなり
、該気体の圧力を圧力制御装置により変化させてコリメ
ーション曲率を変化させることを特徴とする特許請求の
範囲第(1)項記載のレーザ加工機。(2) The collimation part of the collimation mechanism is composed of a mirror and a gas filling a cavity on the back side of the mirror, and the pressure of the gas is changed by a pressure control device to change the collimation curvature. A laser processing machine according to claim (1).
ーと該ミラーの背面の空洞に満された液体とからなり、
該液体の圧力を圧力制御装置により変化させてコリメー
ション曲率を変化させることを特徴とする特許請求の範
囲第(1)項記載のレーザ加工機。(3) The collimation part of the collimation mechanism consists of a mirror and a liquid filled in a cavity on the back side of the mirror,
The laser processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the pressure of the liquid is changed by a pressure control device to change the collimation curvature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62321519A JPH01166894A (en) | 1987-12-21 | 1987-12-21 | Laser beam machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62321519A JPH01166894A (en) | 1987-12-21 | 1987-12-21 | Laser beam machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01166894A true JPH01166894A (en) | 1989-06-30 |
Family
ID=18133474
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62321519A Pending JPH01166894A (en) | 1987-12-21 | 1987-12-21 | Laser beam machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01166894A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08318383A (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 1996-12-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Laser processing equipment |
| US5667707A (en) * | 1994-05-02 | 1997-09-16 | Trumpf Gmbh & Co. | Laser cutting machine with focus maintaining beam delivery |
| US5963374A (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 1999-10-05 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser beam collimation apparatus and laser processing machine using same |
| WO1999058289A1 (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 1999-11-18 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser beam machine |
| JP2001314992A (en) * | 2000-05-01 | 2001-11-13 | Amada Co Ltd | Laser processing method and device |
| JP2001334380A (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-12-04 | Amada Co Ltd | Method of laser beam machining and device therefor |
| KR20030086040A (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2003-11-07 | 주식회사 한광 | Device for setting the beam diameter of laser beam machine |
| JP2012024772A (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2012-02-09 | Amada Co Ltd | Laser processing head |
-
1987
- 1987-12-21 JP JP62321519A patent/JPH01166894A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5667707A (en) * | 1994-05-02 | 1997-09-16 | Trumpf Gmbh & Co. | Laser cutting machine with focus maintaining beam delivery |
| JPH08318383A (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 1996-12-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Laser processing equipment |
| US5889256A (en) * | 1995-05-24 | 1999-03-30 | Mitsubushi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser machining apparatus with deformable mirror |
| US5963374A (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 1999-10-05 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser beam collimation apparatus and laser processing machine using same |
| US6260976B1 (en) | 1997-06-24 | 2001-07-17 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser beam collimation apparatus and laser processing machine using same |
| WO1999058289A1 (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 1999-11-18 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Laser beam machine |
| JP2001314992A (en) * | 2000-05-01 | 2001-11-13 | Amada Co Ltd | Laser processing method and device |
| JP2001334380A (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-12-04 | Amada Co Ltd | Method of laser beam machining and device therefor |
| KR20030086040A (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2003-11-07 | 주식회사 한광 | Device for setting the beam diameter of laser beam machine |
| JP2012024772A (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2012-02-09 | Amada Co Ltd | Laser processing head |
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