JPH0120757B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Technical Field The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument in which the volume, pitch, or other musical tone elements can be adjusted independently for each note name, and particularly to an electronic musical instrument in which the volume, pitch, or other musical tone elements can be adjusted independently for each note name. This invention relates to applying different colors to predetermined locations of a musical tone adjustment operating device according to the distinction between white keys and black keys corresponding to each note name.

Prior Art Conventionally, the volume or pitch of electronic musical instruments has been adjusted in common and uniformly for all note names. Therefore, there has never been a musical instrument in which an operating device for adjusting musical tones is provided independently for each note name.

By the way, the present applicant has proposed in a separate patent application an electronic musical instrument in which the volume, pitch, or other musical sound elements can be independently controlled for each note name. Such new electronic musical instruments are provided with independent adjustment control means for each note name, but if the correspondence between each control means and note name could be clearly seen, the operation would be easier. This is preferable because it is easy to perform adjustments, and it is also easy to confirm the adjustment details corresponding to each note name.

Purpose of the invention This invention has been made in view of the above points,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an operating device for adjusting musical tones in an electronic musical instrument, in which the correspondence between adjusting operator means provided independently for each note name and the note name can be clearly seen at a glance.

Summary of the Invention According to the present invention, a plurality of operator means are provided independently for each note name, and each of these operator means determines whether the key corresponding to each note name is a white key or a black key. It is characterized in that different colors are applied to predetermined locations depending on whether it is different or not. As an example, each operator means is separately provided with an operator manually operated for adjustment and a display for visually displaying the amount of adjustment, and at least one of the operator and the indicator is provided. One is colored differently to distinguish between white keys and black keys.

In addition, in this specification, the white key is the major key.
Keys that correspond to the pitch names C, D, E, F, G, A, and B, and black keys are sharp (or minor) keys that correspond to the pitch names D♭ (C#) and E♭
(D#), F#, A♭ (G#), and B♭ (A#), and the color actually attached to the key does not have to be white or black.

Embodiments Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of Panel Section FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a panel section of an electronic musical instrument to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.The upper side of the keyboard section is a panel section in which various switches and displays are arranged. To give an overview of the arrangement of the panel section, the leftmost side is the multi-menu type scale selection section 10, the right side is the timbre selection section 11, and the right side is the tone name adjustment operator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Section 12 and the section 12 to its right are switches and indicators section 13 for various other functions.

The note name adjustment section 12 consists of controls for independently adjusting the volume and pitch of musical tones for each note name, and a display for displaying the adjustment details for each note name. , when enlarged, it consists of an arrangement as shown in Fig. 2. The controls include up switches UP1 to UP12 and down switches DWN1 to DWN12, which are provided corresponding to the 12 note names C, D♭ (C#), D...B, and the display indicates each note name C to B. Each switch UP1 corresponds to
It includes DWN1-UP12 and liquid crystal displays LCD1-LCD12 provided above DWN12, respectively. Up switch UP1~UP12 and down switch
DWN1 to DWN12 are self-resetting type push button switches, and when increasing the set value, the up switch is operated, and when decreasing the set value, the down switch is operated. Each liquid crystal display LCD1~LCD1
2 is capable of displaying multiple digits (for example, 4 digits) decimal numbers and necessary characters/symbols, and the corresponding up and down switches UP1, DWN1 to UP1
2. The numerical value increased or decreased by operating the DWN 12 is displayed.

In order to clearly see the correspondence between the controllers and indicators and the note names, we have displayed the operators, UP and DOWN switches UP1 to UP, that correspond to each note name.
12. In the push button part of DWN1 to DWN12,
Different colors are assigned depending on whether the key corresponding to each note name is a white key or a black key. For example, the up and down switches UP1, DWN1, UP3, which correspond to the white key note names C, D, ...B,
DWN3...The push buttons of UP12 and DWN12 are white or light-toned, and the pitch name of the black key is D♭.
(C#), E♭ (D#), F#, A♭ (G#) B♭
Up and down switch corresponding to (A#) UP
2. DWN2...The push button parts of UP11 and DWN11 shall be black or a dark tone color. Of course, the coloring method is not limited to this and is arbitrary, but it may be the same color or a similar tone to the color actually applied to the white keys (i.e. major keys) and black keys (i.e. sharp keys) on the keyboard. This is preferable because it provides even greater operability and identification.

In this embodiment, the physical arrangement of the liquid crystal displays LCD1 to LCD12 corresponding to each note name is similar to the arrangement of white keys and black keys corresponding to each note name, which improves operability and ease of identification. However, it is also possible to arrange them horizontally in a row instead of this way.

In this embodiment, the volume and pitch of each tone element can be adjusted independently for each tone name by operating the operator section 12.
Controls and indicators are not provided separately for volume and pitch, and there are up and down switches UP1 to UP12, DWN1 to DWN for each note name mentioned above.
12 and displays LCD1 to LCD12 are shared between the two. A pitch/volume selection switch P/VSEL is provided to select whether to use these controls and indicators for volume or pitch. This switch P/VSEL is a self-resetting type push button switch, and is processed by an internal circuit so that the selection mode is reversed from pitch selection mode to volume selection mode or vice versa each time it is pressed. The selection (or changeover) switches shown below are all similar self-resetting type pushbutton switches, and if a latch function is required, each push button is activated by the internal circuit processing as described above. The selection mode is now inverted.

Corresponding to the pitch/volume selection switch P/VSEL, two light emitting diodes (hereinafter abbreviated as LEDs) with indications of "PITCH (CENT)" and "VOLUME" are provided above it. . For these two light emitting diodes, P/
The reference symbol VLED is used. Switch P/
One diode of P/VLED lights up according to the mode currently selected by VSEL, and control section 12 is used to adjust either VOLUME or PITCH and display the adjustment details. Display whether it is possible.

Pitch/volume selection switch P/VSEL clock rate selection switch (marked with FAST/SLOW)
are up and down switches UP1 to UP12,
This is a switch for changing the increase/decrease speed of adjustment data when operating DWN1 to DWN12.
Two LEDs (labeled FAST and SLOW, respectively) are provided below the P/V LED mentioned above to indicate the mode selected by this clock rate selection switch.

Liquid crystal display LCD1~ corresponding to each note name C~B
A display example of adjustment data on the LCD 12 will be described next.

The pitch display is designed to display the pitch deviation from the equal temperament of the pitch adjusted for each pitch name in cents. As an example, the pitch can be adjusted in the minimum unit of 0.1 cent in the range from -55.0 cents to +55.0 cents, and the display
On LCD1 to LCD12, the cent value of the pitch shift set correspondingly is displayed as a numerical value ranging from "-55.0" to "55.0" with resolution to the first decimal place.

The volume display is 10 in the range from "0" to "100".
It is now displayed as a hexadecimal value, and the volume can be adjusted within this range.

Multi-menu scale selection section 10
is a preset set of pitch and volume data that are arbitrarily set in advance for each scale of the pure key and the scale preset function (i.e., a set of pitch and volume data adjusted independently for each note name). (corresponding to one note scale).
This section 10 and other sections 11,1
3 is unrelated to the gist of the present invention, so its explanation will be omitted.

Explanation of the hardware configuration of the circuit Figure 3 schematically shows the hardware configuration of the electric circuit of an electronic musical instrument having a panel section as shown in Figures 1 and 2. ) 18. Using a microcomputer including a program memory 19 and a working and data memory 20, detecting and scanning the key switch and various switches, controlling the display drive, and assigning the sound of the pressed keys corresponding to each tone generation channel in the tone generator section. It is designed to perform processing, etc. In addition, the up/down switch UP1~UP
12. Creation of volume and pitch adjustment data according to the operations of DWN1 to DWN12, processing for preset functions, etc. are also executed by the microcomputer. The block 21 labeled "display" is a liquid crystal display LCD1 to LCD1 for each note name.
2 and a display group including various LEDs in the panel section, a display driver 22 including a driver circuit for driving these display groups, and a panel operator 23 indicating each switch group in the panel section. These are connected to the microcomputer via a data bus 24. Further, each key switch of the keyboard 25 and the tone generator section 26 are also connected to the microcomputer via the data bus 24. Tone generator section 2
6 is equipped with a plurality of (for example, 8) musical sound generation channels, and through processing by a microcomputer, musical sound signals corresponding to the pressed keys assigned to each channel are generated, respectively, and are provided to the sound system 27. Further, in accordance with the volume and pitch adjustment data for each note name, the volume and pitch of the musical sound signal to be generated in each channel is controlled according to the note name.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of the tone generator section 26, in which registers 28 to 33 functioning as an interface buffer with a microcomputer are connected to the data bus 24.

The pitch data register 28 stores each of the 12 pitch names C to
Pitch data adjusted independently for B
This is for storing PD(1) to PD(12), and the pitch data PD(1) to PD(12) is stored from the pitch data memory (described later) inside the data memory 20 (Fig. 3). be transferred. The pitch data PD(1) to PD(12) are cent value expression data indicating how many cents the adjusted pitch of each pitch name deviates from the regular pitch of each pitch name in equal temperament.

The volume data register 31 stores each of the 12 note names C to
Volume data independently adjusted corresponding to B
This is for storing VD(1) to VD(12), and this volume data is stored from the volume data memory (described later) inside the data memory 20 (Fig. 3).
VD(1) to VD(12) are transferred.

The note code register 29 and the octave code register 30 are used to store key codes indicating the keys assigned to each channel for each channel, and among the key codes, the note code NC indicating the note name is the note code. register 2
The octave code OC is stored in the octave code register 30. Key code CH (1) assigned to each channel from the key code memory inside the data memory 20
~CH(8) is transferred, separated into a note code and an octave code, and stored in each register 29,30.

The key-on register 32 indicates whether the key assigned to each channel continues to be pressed (key-on).
The key-on signal KON (1) for each channel is stored from the key-on memory in the data memory 20 for each channel.
~KON (8) is transferred.

The panel data register 33 stores various data such as tone and volume (total volume) selected and set on the panel section (in particular, data selected and set on the tone selection section 11 in FIG. 1 and other switches and display section 13). data), and those data are transferred from the panel data memory inside the data memory 20.

Musical tone signal formation and control processing for each channel in the tone generator section 26 is performed in a time-division manner. Therefore, channel timing signals CHT1 to CHT8 corresponding to the time division time slots of each channel are sent to each register 2.
9, 30, and 32, and the note code of each channel stored in these registers.
NC and octave code OC and key-on signal
KON is output in a time-division manner according to the timing signals CHT1 to CHT8.

The note code NC of each channel output from the note code register 29 in a time-divisional manner is applied to the address input of the fundamental frequency number memory 34 and to the selection control inputs of the selectors 35 and 36. The fundamental frequency number memory 34 stores in advance the fundamental frequency numbers for each of the 12 note names C to B in equal temperament (as is already well known, a frequency number is a numerical value proportional to the musical tone frequency to be generated). According to the note code NC given to the address input, the basic frequency number F corresponding to the note name is read out in a time-division manner. Frequency number F read out from memory 34
is applied to a multiplier 37 and controlled according to the pitch data stored in the pitch data register 28.

The pitch data PD(1) to PD(12) for each pitch name stored in the pitch data register 28 is input to the selector 35, and the pitch data PD(1) to PD(12) for each note name stored in the pitch data register 28 is inputted to the selector 35, and the pitch data PD(1) to PD(12) for each pitch name is inputted to the selector 35, and the pitch data PD(1) to PD(12) for each pitch name is input to the selector 35, and the pitch data is Those corresponding to the note names of the keys assigned to the channels are selected. The selected pitch data is input to the cent value/frequency ratio conversion memory 38, and is converted from cent value representation data to frequency ratio representation data.

The pitch data expressed as a frequency ratio read out from the memory 38 is input to the multiplier 37 and multiplied by the frequency number F. As a result, the frequency number F of the well-tempered pitch of the pitch name assigned to each channel is
is biased by a frequency ratio corresponding to the cent value of the pitch shift adjusted corresponding to the pitch name, and pitch control is performed. The pitch-controlled frequency number F' output from the multiplier 37 is input to an accumulator 39, and is repeatedly added (or subtracted) at predetermined time intervals for each channel.
The accumulator 39 has a known configuration capable of time-divisional accumulation for each channel, and receives channel timing signals CHT1 to CHT8 in order to perform the accumulation operation in synchronization with the time-division channel timing. From the accumulator 39, phase data qF' increases (or may decrease) over time at a rate corresponding to the value of the frequency number F', returns to the initial value every time it reaches a predetermined value, and repeats the change. Output is time-divided for each channel.

The output qF' of the accumulator 39 is the shift circuit 4
0, and is appropriately bit shifted according to the value of the octave code OC of each channel read out from the octave code register 30 in a time-divisional manner. The phase data of each channel, which has been given octave distinction in this way, is sent to the musical tone signal forming circuit 41.
is input. The musical tone signal forming circuit 41 independently generates musical tone signals for each channel based on the phase data of each channel and having a frequency corresponding to the repetition frequency of the phase data. At this time, the volume of the musical sound signal to be generated in each channel is controlled according to the envelope signal for each channel given from the volume envelope generator 42, and the timbre and other musical sound elements are controlled according to the panel data given from the panel data register 33. controlled. Note that the shift circuit 40 may be provided before the accumulator 39.

The envelope generator 42 generates a predetermined envelope signal for each channel in response to the key-on signal KON of each channel given in a time-division manner from the key-on register 32. The volume can be controlled by controlling the level of this envelope signal according to the volume data VD(1) to VD(12) for each note name stored in the volume data register 31.

The volume data VD(1) to VD(12) for each note name stored in the volume data register 31 is input to the selector 36, and the note code of each channel is inputted to the selector 36.
According to the NC, in the time-division time slot for each channel, the one corresponding to the note name of the key assigned to that channel is selected. The volume data corresponding to the assigned note name of each channel selected by the selector 36 is sent to the envelope generator 42 via the volume data conversion circuit 43 as necessary.
The level (for example, peak level) of the envelope signal generated in each channel is controlled according to the value of this volume data. The volume data conversion circuit 43 is for converting volume data VD(1) to VD(12) expressed as values in the range of "0" to "100" into appropriate volume control coefficients.
This does not need to be provided in particular. Note that instead of controlling the envelope generator 42 based on the volume data, the envelope generator 4 is controlled as shown by the broken line.
A multiplier 44 is provided on the output side of 2, and this multiplier 44
Similar volume control can be performed by controlling the volume data using volume data.

Explanation of Memory and Registers and Description of Main Information Flow Centered on Memory Here, we will explain the main memories and registers included in the working and data memory 20 in FIG. The main information flow between peripheral devices will be roughly explained.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram generally illustrating the principal information flow between the principal memories within working and data memory 20 and peripheral devices. Note that Figure 5 merely shows the flow of information conceptually for the convenience of understanding the relationship between memory and peripheral devices, and does not mean that the actual circuit connections or data exchange paths are as shown. isn't it. Pitch data memory 45 (abbreviated as PD)
The memory) stores pitch data PD(1) to PD(12) adjusted corresponding to each of the 12 pitch names C to B, and the pitch data PD(1) to PD( 12) is transferred to the pitch data register 28 (FIG. 4) in the tone generator section 26 mentioned above. The volume data memory 46 (abbreviated as VD memory) stores volume data adjusted corresponding to each of the 12 note names C to B.
It stores VD(1) to VD(12),
Volume data stored here VD(1) to VD(1
2) is transferred to the volume data register 31 (FIG. 4) in the tone generator section 26 mentioned above. In addition, the codes PD(1) to PD(12), VD(1) to VD
The numbers 1 to 12 in parentheses in (12) are each of the 12 pitch names C.
This is an indication to distinguish between ~B.

Up switch for each note name in the panel section
UP1~UP12 and down switch DWN1~
Data PD of the corresponding note name in PD memory or VD memory according to the operation of DWN12 (Fig. 1)
(1) to PD(12) and VD(1) to VD(12) are changed. In addition, each data PD(1) to PD(1) for each pitch name stored in the PD memory or VD memory is
2) Or the contents of VD(1) to VD(12) are displayed on LCD1 to LCD1 for each note name in the panel section.
Each is displayed on the LCD 12 (Fig. 2). PVSEL
is a pitch/volume selection register, which is inverted and switched to a signal indicating either pitch selection mode or volume selection mode in response to the operation of the pitch/volume selection switch P/VSEL (Fig. 2) on the panel section. . Depending on the contents of this PVSEL register,
Up switches UP1 to UP12 and down switches DWN1 to DWN12 select whether the memory to be changed is PD memory or VD memory, and displays LCD1 to LCD1
In step 2, it is selected whether the memory to be displayed is PD memory or VD memory.

The equal temperament memory 47 stores pitch data and volume data of equal temperament corresponding to each of the 12 pitch names C to B in advance, and is composed of, for example, a ROM (read only memory). In this case, since the pitch data indicates the pitch deviation with respect to the equal temperament as a cent value, the pitch data of the equal temperament indicates that the diatonic names C to B are 0 cents. The volume data is an appropriate value predetermined for each note name. The pitch data and volume data for each pitch name of the equal temperament stored in the equal temperament memory 47 can be accessed when the power is turned on or when the multi-menu scale selection section 1
When 0 is invalid, it is initialized in the PD memory and VD memory.

The 12 pure tone memories 48-1 to 48-12, each assigned a sub number from 1 to 12, correspond to each of the 12 keys of the pure tone scale, and each one corresponds to the pure tone in that key. Pitch data and volume data for each note name of the musical scale are stored in advance.

The 24 preset memories 49-1 to 49-24 each have sub numbers 1 to 24.
Each corresponds to 24 preset or presettable scales, and each stores or can store a set of pitch data and volume data for each note name C to B in that scale. be. These preset memories 49-1 to 49-
24 consists of a readable/writable memory (for example, RAM).

Each memory 48-1 to 48-12, 49-1 to 49-24 is selectively read out based on a predetermined switch operation in the multi-menu scale selection section 10 (FIG. 1), and the read data is They are set in the PD memory and VD memory, respectively. In addition, the section 10
The data stored in the PD memory and VD memory is stored in the hold memory 50 based on a predetermined switch operation
Preset memories 49-1 to 49-
24 (preset)
It's becoming like that. However, since this point is not the gist of the invention, detailed explanation will be omitted.

The key code memory 51 is for storing key codes CH(1) to CH(8) of keys assigned to each channel, and the key codes CH(1) to CH(8) stored here are tones. It is transferred to the note code register 29 and octave code register 30 (FIG. 4) in the generator section 26.

The key-on memory 52 stores key-on signals KON(1) to KON(8) of keys assigned to each channel.
The key-on signals KON(1) to KON(8) stored here are sent to the key-on register 32 (FIG. 4) in the tone generator section 26.
will be forwarded to.

Description of Program Next, an example of a processing program executed by the microcomputer portion of FIG. 3 will be described according to the flowcharts of FIGS. 6 and 7 and subsequent figures.

(1) Main Routine FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the main routine. In the initial set process that is executed first upon turning on the power switch, the pitch data memory 45
(PD memory) and volume data memory 46 (VD
Pitch data PD(1) to PD(12) and volume data VD(1) to VD(12) for each pitch name read from the equal temperament memory 47 are set in the memory),
Set to equal temperament. In addition, various other memories and registers (FIGS. 12 and 13) are initialized (for example, the PVSEL register is set to an appropriate value).

Next, pitch volume subroutine PVSUB
Execute. Here, scan each switch in the note name adjustment section 12 (Figure 2) and select the PD corresponding to the note name that has been adjusted.
Memory, VD memory data PD(1) to PD(1
2), change VD(1) to VD(12). Details of this are shown in FIG.

In the next preset process, the aforementioned multi-menu scale selection section 10 is scanned to perform processing for the scale preset function. This detailed explanation will be omitted.

In the next keyboard process, each key switch on the keyboard is scanned, and based on the scan results, the "pronunciation assignment process" of the pressed key for each channel is performed.
, and controls the storage of the key code memory 51 and key-on memory 52 (FIG. 5). This detailed explanation will be omitted.

In the next "Other panel controls scan" process, other controls on the panel section (switches in tone selection sections 11 and 13 in Figure 1, such as the tone selection switch and master volume controls) are scanned. , the data corresponding to the scan result is stored in the data memory 20 (third
(Figure).

At the very end of the main routine, each data PD(1) to PD(12), VD(1) to
VD (12), CH (1) ~ CH (8), KON (1)
~KON (8) is sent to each of the corresponding registers 28 to 32 in the tone generator section 26 (FIG. 4). Also, here, other display data that was not sent in each subroutine of the previous step is sent from the memory or register in the data memory 20 to the display device driver 22 (FIG. 3), and the display data corresponding to each is sent out from the memory or register in the data memory 20. Is displayed. Then, return to the first subroutine PVSUB and repeat the main routine.

(2) Pitch volume subroutine PVSUB 7th
In the figure, it is first determined whether the contents of the PVSEL register indicate pitch P or volume V, and depending on this determination, either a pitch adjustment routine or a volume adjustment routine is performed.

In the pitch adjustment routine, first note name C.
Pitch adjustment processing 58-1 is executed for each note name. In this process 58-1, it is first checked whether the up switch UP1 related to pitch name C is turned on, and if it is turned on, the value of pitch data PD(1) for pitch name C in the PD memory is the maximum value "55". Find out if. If it has not reached the maximum value "55" yet, it means that there is a possibility that PD(1) can be further increased, so add the predetermined change width data △P to PD(1) and calculate the sum. Check whether exceeds the maximum value "55"(PD(1)+△P>"55"?). If it does not exceed PD(1), it means that it is still possible to increase, so in block 59, △P is added to PD(1), and the sum is stored in the PD memory as a new PD(1) (PD(1) ←PD(1)+△P)
I do. Then, this new value of PD(1) is displayed on the corresponding liquid crystal display LCD1. on the other hand,
If PD (1) + △P exceeds "55", PD (1) in the PD memory is restored from one process in block 60.
Set the value to the maximum value "55.0" and display this on the display LCD1.

In this example, the power switches UP1 to UP
12 is pressed, the predetermined pitch change width data △P (for volume, volume change width data △V) is added once every time this subroutine PVSUB is executed, thereby setting PD(1). ~
PD (12) (VD (1) to VD (1) for volume
2) Increase the down switch DWN1~
When DWN12 is pressed, PD
(1) ~ PD (12) or VD (1) ~ VD (12)
We are trying to reduce this. Here, △P can be preset to any value with the minimum unit being "0.1" (corresponding to 0.1 cent), and depending on how this △P is set, the value of the pitch data will be exactly The maximum value "55.0" may not be reached. For example, if △P is "0.4", the value of pitch data PD (1) to PD (12) is "54.8".
When this △P is added, the sum is "55.2"
Therefore, it exceeds "55.0". In such a case, the process of block 60 is performed to limit the values of pitch data PD(1) to PD(12) to the maximum value "55.0". Similarly, processing is carried out in block 61 for subtraction. Also, in the case of volume, △V can be preset to any value with the minimum unit being "1", so a similar problem occurs, and the same maximum or minimum value limiting process as described above is applied. This is done in blocks 62 and 63.

After processing block 59 or 60, or “UP1 on?” is NO or “PD(1)=
"55"? " is YES, the down switch
Check whether DWN1 is turned on.
Then, this time, the same judgment as in the case of up switch UP1 is made regarding the minimum value "-55" (however, whether or not it can be decreased is determined by PD (1) - △P <"-
55"? If PD(1) can still be decreased, the value obtained by decrementing △P from PD(1) by the process of block 64 is set in the PD memory as a new PD(1). This is displayed on the display device LCD1. On the other hand, PD(1)
can no longer be reduced, block 61 sets the value of PD(1) to the minimum value "-55,
0”.

Thereafter, the pitch adjustment process for pitch name C and processes 58-2 to 58-12 similar to 58-1 are performed for the remaining pitch names D♭ to B, respectively. However, in each process 58-2 to 58-12, the switches UP2 to UP12, DWN2 to DWN for the note name are
12, and adjust the pitch data PD(2) to PD(12) corresponding to the pitch name.

On the other hand, in the volume adjustment routine, first, pitch name adjustment processing 65-1 regarding pitch name C is executed. First, the process related to the up switch UP1 is the same as the pitch adjustment process 58-1, and the adjustment target is the volume data VD (1) corresponding to the note name C in the VD memory, and the change width data is △V. Yes, and the maximum value is "100"
(decimal number) is different from the case of pitch adjustment. then down switch
This is the process related to DWN1, and this is when "DWN1 on?" is NO and "VD (1)
= “0”? The process is the same as pitch adjustment process 58-1, except for the process when " is YES", except that the adjustment target is the volume data VD in the VD memory.
(1) and the minimum value is “0” (decimal number)
The difference is that the change width data is △V, and the down flag
A step 66 is provided to set DWNFLG to "1". This down flag
DWNFLG answered “DWN1 on?” YES and “VD
(1)=“0”? ” When you go through the NO route,
That is, when the down switch DWN1 is pressed before the volume data VD(1) reaches the minimum value "0", it is set to "1".

When "DWN1 ON?" is NO, that is, when the down switch DWN1 is not pressed, it is checked whether the down flag DWNFLG is set to "1", and if it is set, it is reset to "0" in block 67. do.

"VD1="0"? ” is YES, it is checked whether the down flag DWNFLG is set to “1” (block 68). If YES, this process 65-1 is terminated, but if NO, the process proceeds to block 69 and the “off display” and Performs processing for "clear display".

"VD1="0"? " is YES means the volume data
This means that VD (1) has been adjusted to zero volume,
At this time, when the block 68 is YES, it means that the down switch DWN1 is pressed and the volume is adjusted to zero, and the switch is continued to be pressed. In such a case, the volume simply becomes zero, and "off display" and "requa display" are not particularly performed. Therefore, next up switch UP
By pressing 1, the volume data VD(1) can be increased again, but the corresponding note name is not disabled.

On the other hand, if block 68 is NO, the volume data
This means that after VD(1) was adjusted to zero volume, down switch DWN1 was turned off and then pressed again. In other words, “DWN
1 on? ” flag DWNFLG is reset to “0” (block 67), then “DWN1 on?” becomes YES, and “VD1=
“0”? ” was determined to be YES, and block 68 “DWNFLG="1"?'' was determined to be NO. In this way, once the volume has been adjusted to zero, when an active switch operation (pressing DWN1 again) is performed to further lower the volume, the process of block 69 is executed and the "off display" is displayed. A "clear display" is made. That is,
In block 69, the volume data of the VD memory
Alphabetic character data "OFF" is set in the VD (1) position, and data for "clear display" (that is, nothing is displayed) is set in the pitch data PD (1) position corresponding to the homophone name in the PD memory. (in other words, clear PD(1)). This data VD(1) is then displayed on the display device LCD1. Since the volume adjustment is currently selected, the text “OFF” or “off display” for the volume is displayed on the display.
Displayed on LCD1. However, later, P/
When switching to pitch adjustment mode by operating the VSEL switch, the LCD1 display will display a "clear display" based on the cleared PD (1).
(In other words, nothing is displayed.)
Although no particular program is shown, one of the data stored in the PD memory and VD memory is transferred to each display device LCD1 to LCD according to the contents of the PVSEL register.
It goes without saying that the process for displaying data in step 12 is executed somewhere in the main routine (for example, in the last data sending process of the main routine). These "off display" and "clear display" cannot be canceled by up switches UP1 to UP12 or down switches DWN1 to DWN12, and the equal temperament data is changed when just-toned data or preset data is set in the PD memory or VD memory. It is rewritten with the set data. In addition, "off display" and "clear display"
can also be included in the preset data and written to the preset memory. "Off display" for specific note names when creating a desired scale
If you set "Clear Display" to "Clear Display", you can delete the note name from the scale.

Hereinafter, processes 65-2 to 65-12 similar to the volume adjustment process 65-1 for note name C are performed for other note names D♭
~B are executed respectively. In that case, the switch UP2 to UP12 corresponding to that note name,
DWN2 to DWN12 are checked, and the volume data corresponding to the note name VD(2) to VD(12)
is adjusted.

In this embodiment, the pitch volume subroutine PVSUB is not executed every cycle of the main routine, but once every several cycles. The ratio is determined by the clock rate selection switch mentioned above (see Figure 6).
FAST/SLOW). When high speed (FAST) is selected, PVSUB is executed once every relatively small number of cycles, so the interval at which △P and △V are added or subtracted becomes faster, and the data changes when adjusting pitch or volume. speed increases. When low speed (SLOW) is selected, PVSUB is executed once in a relatively large number of cycles, and the interval at which ΔP and ΔV are added or subtracted becomes slow, and the data change speed becomes slow. Therefore, regardless of whether the speed is high or low, the change width data △
There is no need to change the values of P and △V. However, the calculation interval is not limited to this, and the calculation interval is constant, △P, △V
The value of may be switched depending on high speed or low speed.

Modification Examples Although the above embodiments have described volume and pitch control, it is also possible to adjust other musical tone elements (for example, timbre, modulation effect, etc.) independently for each note name in a similar manner.

In addition, adjustment controls UP1 to UP12, DWN1
Although the DWN 12 and the displays LCD1 to LCD12 are shared by the volume and pitch, they may be provided separately. Furthermore, the configuration of the adjustment control and display may be of any type; for example, it is not limited to a pushbutton switch, but may also be a latch type switch, a dial type control, or the like, or the display may be independent of the control. (e.g., one consisting of a dial-type, lever-type, or slide-type operator and its scale display), or one that displays the amount of adjustment in an analog manner, or any other structure. The present invention can be carried out advantageously even when using an operator means (provided that it has some kind of display function).

The up switches UP1 to UP12 and the down switches DWN1 to DWN12 may not be provided physically separately, but may be shared, and one of the up mode and the down mode may be selected and operated using a separately provided changeover switch.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the operators UP1 to UP12,
Although DWN1 to DWN12 are color-coded, it is also possible to color-code only the displays LCD1 to LCD12, or both the controls and the display, according to the note names corresponding to the white keys and the note names corresponding to the black keys. good. When color-coding the displays LCD1 to LCD12, methods such as changing the color of the glass surface, changing the color of the display frame (edge), or changing the color of the display characters (numbers, letters, etc.) are used. Can be used.

Also switches UP1~UP12, DWN1~
The colored portion of the DWN 12 is not limited to the entire pushbutton, but may be a predetermined portion or a predetermined location near the pushbutton (for example, a frame around the pushbutton).

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, since the adjustment operator means corresponding to each note name is colored differently according to the distinction between white keys and black keys corresponding to each note name, The correspondence between the operator means and the note names can be clearly seen at a glance, making it easier to operate and confirming the adjustment details for each note name.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a panel section of an electronic musical instrument to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is an electrical block diagram schematically showing the electrical hardware configuration of the electronic musical instrument shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the control section; FIG. 4 is an electrical block diagram of the tone generator shown in FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is an electrical block diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of the main memory and registers contained in the working and data memory shown in FIG. 3, and the main information flow between these peripheral devices. 6 is a flowchart schematically showing the main routine of the processing executed by the microcomputer section shown in FIG. 3, and FIG.
2 is a flowchart showing an example of a pitch volume subroutine in the figure. 12...Controller section for adjustment by note name, UP
1 to UP12...Controller provided for each note name, up switch for increasing adjustment value, DWN
1 to DWN12...Operators provided for each note name, down switch for decreasing adjustment value,
LCD1~LCD12...Display provided for each note name, P/VSEL...Pitch/volume selection switch, 18...CPU, 19...Program memory, 20...Working and data memory, 2
5...Keyboard, 26...Tone generator section, 3
4... Fundamental frequency number memory, 37... Multiplier for pitch control, 38... Cent value/frequency ratio conversion memory, 39... Accumulator, 40... Shift circuit, 41... Musical tone signal forming circuit, 42... …
Envelope generator, 43... Volume data conversion circuit, 44... Multiplier for volume level control, 45...
...Pitch data memory (PD memory), 46...Volume data memory (VD memory), 47...Equal temperament memory, 48-1 to 48-12...Genuine tone memory, 49-1 to 49-24...Pre Set memory, 50...Hold memory, PD(1) to PD(1
2)...Pitch data (pitch adjustment data),
VD(1) to VD(12)...Volume data (volume adjustment data).

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A musical tone adjustment operating device used in an electronic musical instrument comprising a keyboard with a plurality of keys and musical tone signal generating means for generating musical tone signals corresponding to keys pressed on the keyboard. At least one of the volume, pitch, and other musical sound elements of the musical sound signal to be generated by the musical sound signal generating means can be adjusted independently for each note name by manual operation, and the adjustment thereof A plurality of manipulator means are provided independently for each note name, and the manipulator means for each note name is capable of visually displaying the amount, and the key corresponding to each note name is a white key. 1. An operating device for adjusting musical tones in an electronic musical instrument, characterized in that predetermined locations are colored differently depending on whether the keys are black or white. 2. Each of the operator means is separately provided with an operator manually operated for the adjustment and a display for visually displaying the adjustment amount,
2. The operating device for musical tone adjustment in an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the operating element and the display is colored differently depending on whether the white key or the black key is distinguished. 3. Each of the operator means corresponding to the pitch name of the white key is colored with the same color or similar tone to the color assigned to the white key on the keyboard, and each of the operator means corresponding to the pitch name of the black key is colored. 3. The operating device for musical tone adjustment in an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the means is colored in the same color or similar tone to the color applied to the black keys on the keyboard.