JPH01219455A - Metal hydride heating/cooling apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a heating/cooling apparatus that is simple in structure and has no restriction of temperature setting over the wide range of heat source temperature by connecting thermally in order a plurality pairs of vessels to supply heat radiated when a hydrogen occlusion alloy occludes hydrogen as absorbing heat required when another hydrogen occlusion alloy at the next stage discharges hydrogen. CONSTITUTION:When hydrogen occlusion alloy MHA1, of which the hydrogen dissociation temperature is higher, is heated at the temperature of TAH1 by an external heat source, MHA1 absorbs some heat and discharges hydrogen having pressure of PAH. This hydrogen is occluded under pressure of approximately PAH into hydrogen occlusion alloy MHA2, of which the dissociation temperature is lower, and generates heat at a certain temperature. Subsequently, when temperature of the hydrogen occlusion alloy MHA1 is lowered to TAH2 by cooling it with another hydrogen occlusion alloy MHB1, the pressure inside vessel goes down from PAH to PAL. Here, the vessels of MHA1 and MHA2 are connected, which causes hydrogen occluded in MHA2 to be discharged and occluded into MHA1 under pressure of PAL. On this occasion, heat absorption is caused in MHA2, and simultaneously, heat generation in MHA1. This generated heat transfers to hydrogen occlusion alloy MHB1 at the next stage, and pressure of MHA1 stays at PAL and its temperature at TAH2. Subsequently, MHA1 is heated again at the temperature of TAH1 by an external heat source.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a low-pollution, noise-free, and highly efficient metal hydride heating and cooling device, and is suitable for use as a heat pump in the field of household air conditioners. etc. can be applied.

(Prior Art) A large number of technologies have been reported in which the heat absorption and heat generation associated with hydrogen release and storage of the hydrogen storage alloy according to the present invention are applied to heat pumps, mainly using different types of hydrogen storage alloys. An example of the most basic heat pump cycle using two types of hydrogen storage alloys is the "Heating and Cooling Method" published in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-1189, which describes a heating and cooling system using TiMn-based alloys. It is related to. As a way to further increase heat pump efficiency, for example,
"Metal Hydride - Their Properties and Applications" written by Yasuaki Ohsumi, published by Kagaku Kogyosha in 1986, Section 121.2.5, "Metal Hydride Heat Pump" contains a description that includes a dual-effect cooling cycle.

The former is explained as follows. That is, LaNi5. which had already been proposed before. MmCo5, M
It states that hydrogen storage alloys such as mN i5 are expensive and have poor economic efficiency, and that a practical air-conditioning device can be obtained by using a TiMn alloy that is inexpensive and has excellent hydrogenation properties. Figure 5 shows the thermal cycle when operating as a heat pump. In this, 'F1 is the holding temperature (cooling temperature) of hydrogen storage alloy B during hydrogen release, 'I''7 is the holding temperature of hydrogen storage alloys A and B during hydrogen storage, and T3 is the external heat source of hydrogen storage alloy A. The heating temperature is P.

is the hydrogen storage pressure of the hydrogen storage alloy A, ))2 is its release pressure, P is the hydrogen storage pressure of the hydrogen storage alloy B, and P4 is the release pressure. Now, hydrogen storage alloy A is heated to 'F3 (150℃).
When the heat amount of Q is added from the heat source of , the pressure P2 (40
atm) to release hydrogen. This hydrogen is hydrogen storage alloy B
When the hydrogen storage alloy B is fed into :), the dynamic hydrogen pressure decreases to about 4 atm, and the hydrogen storage alloy B communicating with this reduces heat
+ (=9K) while absorbing from the outside air (■) 4 (approximately 5 atrn) of hydrogen is released, and this hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy A. At this time, the amount of heat (1
Release 4. In this way, with a heat source of T3 (=150℃),
Tz ”Ta (= 5
The amount of heat Q2-+Q4 at a temperature of 0°C is obtained and can be used for room heating, etc. The strain pump efficiency η at this time is η
-(Q2moQ4)/Ql, for example, 1.
We can expect about 4 pairs.

The latter, 2, is a strength that further increases the efficiency of heat pumps.
The heavy effect type cycle will be explained using FIG. 6. MIH,
M2)1. M31+ is flat i)! These are hydrogen storage alloys with different hydrogen dissociation temperatures. When hydrogen storage alloys M and H, which have the highest hydrogen dissociation temperature, are subjected to heating QA from a heat source at a temperature of T6, M and H absorb this heat and release hydrogen at a pressure of Pl.

The generated hydrogen is an equilibrium hydrogen solution^I M311 with the lowest temperature
Here, it is occluded by M and H, and at that time, the amount of heat Q of the sound of T1 is generated. Next, MtH, T.

When it is cooled from the outside at a temperature of
The hydrogen occluded in H dissociates while absorbing heat at a temperature of T1 from the outside, and is occluded in M2H while releasing an amount of heat Q at a temperature of T.

Furthermore, when M and H are cooled from the outside at a temperature of T,
The hydrogen pressure is P3, and when M, H and M, H are communicated, hydrogen flows from M, H to M, H, and at this time, M, H absorbs heat at T1 temperature due to hydrogen release. However, on the other hand, for M and H, the heat dissipation QD at T1 temperature due to hydrogen absorption
occurs. In this way, the thermal cycle completes by heating M and H again from the heat source with the heat QA at the temperature T1.

The efficiency η of this thermal cycle as a heat pump is η = (Ql + QD + QIll') / Q
A to 2 is expected.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Although the conventional double-effect cycle certainly has the potential to increase the heat pump efficiency to nearly 2, it has the following drawbacks. In other words, when this cycle is used for heating in the winter, the hydrogen storage alloy itself must fall below the outside temperature in order to absorb heat from the outside air (for example, 0°C to -1°C).
℃). Furthermore, in order to heat the room, the heat dissipation process accompanying hydrogen storage needs to be at room temperature or higher (for example, 30° C. or higher).

Currently available hydrogen storage alloys (e.g. TiFe).

When a heat pump cycle is realized using MmMi, TiMm, 2, etc.) to meet the above temperature conditions, the maximum pressure will be about 20 atm when the minimum pressure is chosen to be 1 atm, which is easy to handle. Conversely, if the maximum pressure is chosen to be 10 atm, which is below the high pressure gas regulation, the minimum operating hydrogen pressure will be 0.2 to 0.
．． The negative pressure becomes 3 atmospheres.

As described above, the above-mentioned double effect type cycle has a wide working gas pressure range for hydrogen, and the hydrogen gas circuit needs to be set to high pressure specifications or negative pressure specifications, which is inconvenient in handling.

That is, high pressure specifications require pressure resistance treatment based on high pressure gas regulations, and negative pressure specifications require sealing treatment to prevent air from entering the working gas circuit from the outside.

Furthermore, when hydrogen gas is used at negative pressure, the rate of release of hydrogen from the hydrogen storage alloy becomes extremely slow (this differs depending on the hydrogen storage alloy, but for example, LaNi, at 25°C, can already absorb hydrogen at 2 atmospheres). (It takes 20 minutes to release half of the hydrogen that is produced.) It cannot be used as a heat pump.

Furthermore, in this double-effect cycle, if the maximum pressure is selected to be 10 atm or the minimum pressure to be 1 atm as described above, the temperature of the heat source will be limited to around 100°C for the former and around 150°C for the latter. Ru.

An object of the present invention is to provide a heating and cooling device that is easy to handle and has a simple structure that does not require high pressure or negative pressure in a hydrogen gas circuit, and also limits the temperature of the heat source over a wide range. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heating and cooling device that does not require heating.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for solving the problem) The measures taken to solve the above problem are as follows. That is, a container containing the hydrogen storage alloy MHA1 and a hydrogen storage alloy MHA? A container containing a hydrogen storage alloy MHQ having a lower equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperature is connected to allow hydrogen transfer to form a container pair, and a plurality of container pairs are provided, and the m-th container pair has a lower equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperature. High hydrogen storage alloy M
When the hydrogen storage temperature with heat radiation at the lowest working pressure p2 of Hm1 is Tfft, the temperature Tfll lower than this temperature is Tfft.
The hydrogen storage alloy MHA1, which releases hydrogen with endotherm at the maximum pressure PnH, is used as a hydrogen storage alloy with a high equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperature in the next stage (n stage, = m + 1 stage) container pair. A plurality of container pairs are thermally connected in sequence in order to supply the amount of heat released during hydrogen storage of MHm1 as the amount of absorbed heat required during hydrogen release to the next stage (n stage, = m+1 stage) hydrogen storage alloy MHm1. It is.

(effect) The above technical means works as follows.

That is, hydrogen storage alloy MHI with a higher hydrogen dissociation temperature
: When heated with an external heat source at a temperature of 'rL, Ml-1
+ absorbs a certain amount of heat and releases hydrogen at the pressure of PO.

This hydrogen passes through the connection part and is stored at a pressure of approximately PnH in the hydrogen storage alloy M H9, which has a lower dissociation temperature. ? When the temperature is lowered to Ti1t, the pressure inside the container decreases from Pi1 to Pll.

Here, hydrogen storage alloy MH? When the containers of MHI and MHI are brought into communication, the hydrogen stored in MHI is released and stored in MHI under the pressure of Pt. At this time, endotherm occurs in MH9,
At the same time, heat generation occurs in MHI. Is this calorific value the next stage hydrogen storage alloy MH? , the pressure of MHI remains at Pe, and the temperature remains at Th.Next, when Ti is heated from the outside at a temperature of 1l, the MHI absorbs the heat again and generates hydrogen at a pressure of Pll, and the cycle is completed. Go around. The hydrogen-absorbing alloy MH? which absorbed the amount of heat at the temperature of THE generated in MHt by ζ filter. is TH11! Temperature slightly lower than MH? The hydrogen stored in the MHI is dissociated by the pressure of the PII, flows into the MHI, and releases heat at a certain temperature. Then, when MHI is cooled down, MH? absorbs hydrogen while dissipating heat, the temperature changes from THI to THI, and the pressure changes to Pll.
decreases from Pt to Pt. - way MH? In MHI, which has a lower dissociation temperature, the stored hydrogen is dissociated at a pressure almost equal to that of PF, and at this time, heat is absorbed from the outside at a certain temperature.

The above-described thermal effects are sequentially performed in each pair of containers to form a heating and cooling device.

(Example) Figure 1 shows an example of a two-stage multi-stage cascade heat pump.The container (1) is made of a hydrogen storage alloy MH suitable for the temperature of the heating source. (2), and another container (3) contains the hydrogen storage alloy MH? A suitable hydrogen storage alloy (4) that can form a heat pump cycle with (2)
) to accommodate. These two containers are connected by a pipe (5) so that hydrogen gas can move, and a pulp (6) for controlling the flow of hydrogen gas is provided in the middle. Similarly, in the container (7),
The aforementioned hydrogen storage alloy MW? (2) Temperature TO during the exothermic process during hydrogen absorption! Hydrogen storage alloy MH that absorbs heat by releasing hydrogen at lower temperatures? (8) and the hydrogen storage alloy MH? in another container (9). A suitable hydrogen storage alloy MH funnel (10) that can form a heat pump cycle with <8) is housed, and these are connected by piping (11) so that hydrogen gas can move, and the flow of hydrogen gas is controlled along the way. A valve (12) is provided.

The container (1) is equipped with a heat exchanger (
13), and the containers (3) and (9) are respectively provided with heat exchangers (14) and (15) for absorbing heat from the atmosphere.

Container (1) and container (7) are hydrogen storage alloy MH? (2) absorbs the heat generated when hydrogen is absorbed into the container (
7) Hydrogen storage alloy MH? (8) connected by a heat transfer circuit (16) for transferring the heat to the containers (3), (7),
(9) includes heat exchangers (17), (18), (
19), these are simultaneous switching valves (20)
, (21), it communicates with another heat exchanger (22), so that the generated heat can be used for air conditioning and the like.

Each heat exchanger (13), (14), (15)
, (16) include control valves (23), (24), (25) that transfer heat only during the necessary period of the heat pump's heat cycle and prohibit heat transfer when unnecessary.
, (26) is provided.

When the valve (23) is open, the heat Q from the high temperature heat source is transferred to the hydrogen storage alloy MH? through the heat exchanger (13). (2). Due to this heat Q, the hydrogen storage alloy MH? (2
) releases hydrogen, at this time the valve (26).

If (6) is closed, the pressure increases to the equilibrium hydrogen dissociation pressure determined by the temperature of the heat source. After reaching the equilibrium hydrogen dissociation pressure, open the valve (6) and release high pressure hydrogen or pipe (5).
The hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage alloy MH-do (4) in the container (3), and at this time hydrogen storage heat Q2 is generated. When the simultaneous switching valves (20) and (21) are opened to the 1 side, the generated heat Q2 is used for heating through the heat exchanger (22).

Next, the simultaneous switching valves (20) and (21) are opened to the 2 side, and the hydrogen storage alloy MH in the container (7) is opened. <8) to perform heat absorption Q4 through the heat exchanger (18), at this time the valve (1
2) to absorb hydrogen at a predetermined pressure into the hydrogen storage alloy MH.
? (8), the hydrogen storage alloy (1O) in the container (9) releases hydrogen due to the pressure difference, and this statement (2)
If 5) is opened, heat Q3' is absorbed from the atmosphere via the heat exchanger (15).

Next, the valve (26) is opened, and the hydrogen storage alloy MH? (2) Garland, container (
7) Hydrogen storage alloy MH? When heat is transferred to (8), hydrogen storage alloy MH?
When hydrogen is stored in (2) and the valve (6) is opened to release the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy MH (4) in the container (3), heat absorption occurs. Here the valve (24
), Q3 heat is absorbed from the atmosphere. On the other hand, in the container (7), due to the inflow of heat (Q4), hydrogen storage alloy M
H? The hydrogen stored in (8) is dissociated and the valve (12)
When opened, this dissociated hydrogen moves to the container (9) and is adsorbed by the hydrogen storage alloy MHI (10) in this container. At this time, storage heat (Qm') is generated, and when the simultaneous switching valves (20) and (21) are set to 3, the heat exchanger (2
2), this stored heat (1g') is used for heating.

In this way, the heat Q from the high-temperature heat source is transferred again to the hydrogen storage alloy MH?
(2) and the cycle completes.

To explain this using the thermal cycle diagram shown in FIG. 2, hydrogen storage alloys MH, which have different equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperatures.

The amount of MH is stored in separate containers, and these containers are connected through piping to enable the movement of hydrogen. Hydrogen storage alloy MHA1, which has a higher hydrogen dissociation temperature, was heated to 'r11. When the temperature of MH? absorbs heat I Q a t and releases hydrogen at a pressure of P- (Al in the figure). This hydrogen passes through a communicating pipe to the hydrogen storage alloy MHI, which has a lower dissociation temperature, at a pressure of approximately Pil. occluded. At this time Tf
Generates heat Q□ with a temperature of fiI (A2 in the figure). Next, the hydrogen storage alloy MHA1 described above is replaced with another hydrogen storage alloy MH? When the temperature is lowered to Tag, the pressure inside this container decreases from P itself along the equilibrium hydrogen dissociation pressure curve, and p
reach c.

After this, when it is made to communicate with Mn2, the hydrogen stored in M H9 is dissociated, and at the pressure of PnH, M H? is occluded. At this time, an endothermic QAj occurs at a temperature of Th on the MH amount side (A3 in the figure), and at the same time, an exothermic QA4 occurs at a temperature of Th on the MHL side (A4 in the figure).

In this amount of heat QA4, the pressure of the aforementioned other hydrogen storage alloy MHm1 remains at pa, and the temperature also remains at a constant value 'rflt.

Next, when heated from the outside at a temperature of 1 inlet and a heat quantity Q1 is added, MHL absorbs heat again and generates hydrogen at a pressure of Pi,
The cycle comes full circle.

By the way, the hydrogen storage alloy M H? which absorbed the amount of heat QA4 at the temperature TQt generated in MHL? and the hydrogen storage alloy MHI, which has a lower dissociation temperature, are housed in separate containers, and are communicated with each other via a valve via piping so that hydrogen can be transferred. Now, the hydrogen storage alloy MH that obtained the thermal IQa a
? At a temperature 'rL slightly lower than Ta2, the occluded hydrogen is dissociated under two pressures. This hydrogen pressure is on the equilibrium hydrogen dissociation pressure curve of MHL. When the valve between MHL and MHL is opened, hydrogen flows into the MHL side, where it is occluded, and at this time, the zero-order M
When Hl is cooled, MHL absorbs hydrogen while dissipating heat, and releases the amount of heat Q1□ at the temperature of TPI along the equilibrium hydrogen dissociation pressure curve. Next, when MHL is cooled, MH〒 absorbs hydrogen while releasing heat, and along the equilibrium hydrogen dissociation pressure curve, the temperature goes from Til to TRt, and the pressure goes from PR to P.
F, respectively, and further this temperature TL and pressure p
2, it continues to absorb hydrogen. At this time, the overall heat I
Q m s is released (B4 in the figure). On the other hand, in MHW, which has a lower dissociation temperature than MH1, the stored hydrogen dissociates at a pressure almost equal to that of PF, and at this time, Q10 absorbs heat from the outside at a temperature of 'r2g. Then again, M H? Obtaining heat of hydrogen absorption Q^4 from , MHL dissociates hydrogen, pressure increases from PF to 2 parts, and the cycle completes.

Considering the total heat balance of two pairs of hydrogen storage alloy heat pump circuits, MHL-MHl and MHL-MH Hibiki, from the outside,
For heating QAI at temperature TL, Qat at Ttl,'
Q in rL. , Th, heat radiation of Q10 occurs, and this heat radiation amount is determined by selecting 'rf' and TFI, for example, about 30 degrees, '
If rL is selected to be higher than that, it can all be used for heating.

In addition, the endothermic Q^3 and TP in Tel! The endothermic Q,, is the temperature Te! If and Th are selected to be around -10 degrees, for example,
Even if the outside temperature drops below zero in winter, this outside air will give you QA3+.
This shows that Q@3 endotherm is possible.

Furthermore, the pressure fluctuation range Pe-PnH at this time can be set independently by selecting the material of the hydrogen storage alloy, so both can be kept within 1 to 10 atm, and unlike the conventional technology, the pressure range is 20 atm. The pressure will not rise to near or higher, making handling inconvenient, or, conversely, the reaction rate will become extremely slow due to negative pressure of 1 atmosphere or less.

At this time, the thermal efficiency η of the entire heat pump is v = (generated heat amount) / (heated heat amount) - (Q a z + Q a t + Q□'') /Q
It becomes AI, and the efficiency is greatly improved compared to the efficiency of a single stage heat pump (the efficiency of a single stage is usually around 1.4, but with this cascade system, the efficiency of a two stage heat pump is 2.0).

Furthermore, as shown in the multi-stage cascade heat pump in Figure 3, the heat Q14 generated during the hydrogen storage process of MHF is immediately used for heating (hydrogen is dissociated at a temperature slightly lower than Tag). Another hydrogen storage alloy MH
It is also possible to construct another pair of heat pump circuits by using this hydrogen storage alloy MHTE to heat F and using the hydrogen alloy MHI, which has a lower dissociation temperature, in series through a valve.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is a combination of a large number of two-container pairs as described in FIGS. 1 and 2, so the details are omitted since the basics correspond to the two-container pairs.

Next, the degenerate cascade heat pump shown in FIG. 4 will be explained. Among the two or more pairs of hydrogen storage alloys as in the above embodiments, the hydrogen storage alloys (M) II and MHI have lower hydrogen dissociation temperatures.

If all MHj, ...) are replaced with the same type of hydrogen storage alloy, the heat radiation It Q a t , Q s used for heating when hydrogen gas is used in the same pressure range
The generation temperatures 'r e l and TF t of t become equal, and similarly, the endothermic temperatures T e + and TF t from the outside air become equal.
t can also be made equal, making control as a heat pump easier.

〔Effect of the invention〕

When a heat pump cycle is implemented using a relatively high temperature heat source of about 300° C. to 400° C., a conventional double-effect cycle cannot be implemented.

That is, as shown in FIG. 6, if the heat radiation temperatures at B, D, and D' in the figure are set equally at around 30°C, the temperature of the heat source shown at point A is 150°C at most. Therefore, if the temperature at point A is set to, for example, 350°C, point D is set to
, D.

It is necessary to raise the temperature to an even higher temperature, for example, around 280°C.

This means that during heating, heat of 30°C and heat of 280°C are obtained one after another, and it is difficult to process this high temperature heat.

The cascade system of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, is suitable for the hydrogen storage alloy heat pump that utilizes the above-mentioned relatively high temperature heat source. That is, in FIG. 2, A
When heat of 'rL-350℃ is supplied from the outside at one point,
At A2, heat of Te1 to 30°C is released, and at A3, heat of Tex-10°C is absorbed from the outside air. This cycle also generates heat around TL-280°C at A4. By the way, in this cascade system, this heat of approximately 280℃ is not used to immediately heat the room, but is instead used to heat the room at B1 in the diagram.
As shown by the dots, it is used as a heat source for hydrogen storage alloy heat pumps. In this next step cycle, heat radiation of TL-30℃ occurs at 82 points, and TP at 83 points! sea 10
It absorbs heat at 80°C to 100°C from the outside and releases heat at 80 to 100°C at 84 points. Therefore, when one cycle is completed in total, heat of about 30° C. and heat of about 90° C. can be obtained for heating purposes, and there is no problem in disposing of the generated heat at high temperatures unlike in the above-mentioned double effect type cycle.

Furthermore, the cascade heat pump of the present invention has the following unique effects compared to conventional dual effect heat pumps. That is, in the double-effect heat pump, as shown by points D', D, and B in FIG. 6, heat is radiated from each of the hydrogen V and metal alloys, H, M2H, and MsH at the heating temperature T.

By the way, this heat radiation occurs at different times, so
The time required for this heat pump to complete one cycle is approximately the sum of the respective reaction times, and if the heat dissipation reaction time of each hydrogen storage alloy is approximately the same, it will be approximately three times the one reaction time.

In the cascade heat pump, as shown in Fig. 2, MHI and MHI and MHI and MHI constitute independent working gas circuits, so Q2 and Qa'', Qa and Q8' of heat radiation for heating are As in the double-effect heat pump described above, if the heat dissipation reaction time is almost the same regardless of the material, the time required to complete one cycle is approximately twice the reaction time for one cycle. be.

Thus, in principle, the heat pump of the present invention can shorten the cycle time to 2/3 compared to conventional double-effect heat pumps, and has the possibility of increasing the output by 1.5 times in the same time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an example of a two-stage cascade heat pump using the present invention, Fig. 2 is a thermal cycle diagram of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a thermal cycle diagram of a multi-stage cascade heat pump using the present invention, and Fig. 4 is a thermal cycle diagram of a multi-stage cascade heat pump using the present invention. The figure is a thermal cycle diagram of a degenerate cascade type heat pump using the present invention, Figure 5 is a thermal cycle diagram of a T i M n alloy hydride heat pump which is a conventional technology according to the present invention, and Figure 6 is a thermal cycle diagram according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a thermal cycle diagram of another prior art dual-effect cycle. 1.3, 7.9... Container. 2.4, 8.10...Hydrogen storage alloy. 5.11...Piping. 6.12...Hydrogen gas flow rate control valve. 13.14.15.16.17.18.19゜22...
·Heat exchanger. 20.21...Flow path simultaneous switching valve. 23.24.25.26...Heat transfer control valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A container containing a hydrogen storage alloy MH^A_1 and a container containing a hydrogen storage alloy MH^A_2 having a lower equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperature than the hydrogen storage alloy MH^A_1 are connected to enable hydrogen transfer, forming a pair of containers; The hydrogen storage temperature with heat release at the minimum operating pressure P^m_L of the hydrogen storage alloy MH^m_1, which is equipped with a plurality of container pairs and has a higher equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperature among the m-th container pair, is T^m_H_2. When the temperature T^n_H_1 is lower than this temperature, the maximum operating pressure P^n_H
Hydrogen storage alloy MH^n_ that releases hydrogen sometimes accompanied by heat absorption
1 is used as a hydrogen storage alloy with a high equilibrium hydrogen dissociation temperature in a pair of containers in the next stage (n stage, = m + 1 stage), and the amount of heat released during hydrogen storage by the hydrogen storage alloy MH^m_1 is calculated as follows: A heating and cooling device characterized in that the plurality of container pairs are thermally connected in sequence in order to supply the amount of absorbed heat necessary for hydrogen release to (n stages, = m+1 stages) hydrogen storage alloy MH^m_1.