JPH012249A - General use tungsten/halogen incandescent lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a general tungsten-halogen incandescent lamp, and more specifically, to a tungsten-halogen incandescent lamp that is mounted on an inner jacket as a device housed within the inner jacket. The present invention relates to a device for improving the impact resistance of filaments.

Recent improvements in incandescent lamps have provided general purpose incandescent lamps having an inner jacket disposed within an outer jacket containing a halogen compound, containing a tungsten filament, and serving as the light source for the incandescent lamp. ing. One such incandescent lamp is described in US Pat. No. 4,647,809.

Incandescent lamp operation Tungsten filaments are prone to high temperature shock type failures. Typically, such damage occurs when a mechanical shock or blow of sufficient magnitude is applied to the outside of the incandescent lamp while the lamp is operating;
Occurs when a hot operating filament vibrates to the extent that it may come into contact with one of the two inner conductors between which the filament is connected. Do 1. When the imaging filament actually comes into contact with the associated inner conductor, the filament is electrically shorted and damaged. The relatively narrow interior of the inner jacket does not allow for sufficient space between the inner conductor and the axially aligned working filament to completely eliminate the possibility of such hot shock problems.

It would be desirable to provide a general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp arrangement with an inner filament housing the filament to reduce or eliminate the high temperature shock problems associated with high temperature operating filaments.

Alternatively, it is desirable to provide a means of solving this hot shock problem within the structure of the inner jacket itself. Additionally, it would be desirable to provide a combination of attachment means and inner jacket means that eliminates the problem of high temperature shock.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp with an installation device or means that reduces or eliminates filament breakage due to high temperature bombardment.

Another object of this invention is to provide an inner jacket for a general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp that corrects filament breakage due to high temperature shock.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a combination of attachment means and means within the inner jacket to correct filament breakage due to high iR''ff1l strikes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention provides a general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp having a means or improved mounting means within the inner envelope of the incandescent lamp to reduce filament breakage due to high temperature shocks that typically occur. Targets tungsten/halogen incandescent lamps.

This general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp has a conductive base, an outer jacket formed of a light-transparent material, and an inner shell containing an axially aligned tungsten filament containing a halogen compound filling. It has an outer covering. The tungsten filament, when in operation, may act to have a characteristic resonant frequency Ωz in a predetermined range. A filament is connected between a pair of inner conductors extending out of one end of the inner jacket. Means is provided for electrically connecting the pair of conductive wires to the conductive cap. The mounting means forms part of a means for electrically connecting a pair of inner conductors, which positions the inner jacket within the outer jacket and provides a predetermined range of characteristic resonant frequencies Ωy. have. The relationship between the characteristic resonance frequency Ωz of the filament in operation and the characteristic resonance frequency Ω of the mounting means is such that the ratio Ωz/Ωy is approximately O.
It has a low range of 10 to about 0.3 and a high range of greater than about 1.4.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp 10 of the present invention. 10 tungsten halogen incandescent lamps,
It is composed of a conductive base 12, an outer shell 114 made of a transparent material, and a light source 16, and the light source 16 is connected to an inner shell 18.
having a halogen compound filling therein and containing a preferably double coiled tungsten filament 20 in alignment with its axis. This filament has a wide range of wattage ratings and acts 111 to have a characteristic resonant frequency Ωz in a predetermined range IJ)J when in operation, as will be explained later. A filament 20 is connected between inner conductors 22,24. Inner conductors 22 , 24 enter the inner jacket 18 at one or the tab portions and are connected to the ends of the tungsten filament 20 . The inner conductor 22 extends downwardly without contacting the attachment device or means 28, and its lower end portion is suitably electrically connected to the base 12. The inner conductor 24 is connected to a post member 26, the attachment of which is shown in detail in FIG.
8 is connected.

For attachment, the assembly 28 is nailed to the L section with the loop section 28A electrically connected to the post member 26. The loop portion 28A has a partially shown leg 28B with means at its lower end for suitable connection to the conductive cap 12. Additionally, the mounting assembly has another leg 28C, shown partially, at its lower end with means for suitable connection to the lamp 10. Each leg 28B.

28C has a further member 28o, the attachment of which advantageously increases the rigidity of the means 28, as will now be explained.

A post member 26 is connected to the outer surface of the clamping device 30 by any suitable means such as welding. Clamp 30 is attached to inner jacket 1
It is wrapped around the knob part 8 and connected to it.

The post 26 connected to the clamp 30 provides a structural support between the attachment means 28 and the inner jacket 18.

A relatively compact inner jacket 18, shown in FIG.
Create a relatively narrow environment for 0. The spacing between the innermost portion of filament 20 and the innermost portion of relatively long inner conductor portion 24 is shown as distance 18A. Similarly, the spacing between the innermost portion of the inner conductor 24 and the associated wall of the limb 18 is shown as the distance m 18 B. Typical value for distance 18^, 18B is about 3mm
and 1.

As mentioned at the beginning of the specification, the problem of filament breakage due to high temperature shock mentioned earlier in the general purpose incandescent lamp 10 is caused by the relatively small inner jacket environment provided for the tungsten filament. happens. In our study to try to solve this hot shock problem, a typical lamp 10 without the benefits of this invention was placed in a drop test apparatus, oriented horizontally, and turned on. When a typical lamp is dropped a distance of about 0.5 inches, the vibrations of the lit filament have an amplitude of about 3 mm to about 6 mm, which is due to the hot filament's associated inner conductor. in sufficient quantity to contact and thus cause its damage.

The present invention solves this hot shock problem by selecting the ratio of the resonant frequency of the filament 20 in hot operating conditions to the resonant frequency of the mounting means 28.

In this specification, "resonant frequency" is expressed by the following formula.

w=, /T7 stone\ where k is a constant mainly related to the stiffness properties of the material involved and m is the mass of the material involved.

To measure the resonant frequency of a filament in hot operating conditions relevant to this invention, a typical lamp 10 was placed horizontally in a vibrating device with means for controlling the frequency. AC 1
The frequency in Hz was varied while observing a hot operating filament designed to operate at 20 volts. It has been observed that when the frequency reaches approximately 3511z, the amplitude of the vibrations of the hot filament reaches a maximum value, typically referred to as its resonance. When implementing the invention, the resonant frequency of the filament in the hot operating condition of the lamp concerned, covering the term Ωz, is about 301]z
We are considering a frequency range from about 4011z to about 4011z.

The resonant frequency of any mounting means contemplated by this invention can be determined in a manner similar to that described above for filaments in hot operating conditions.

The mounting expresses the resonant frequency of the means in ohms, which frequencies considered when practicing this invention range from about 0 to about 231
It has a low range of 17 and a high range of about 70 to infinity.

The mounting selects the resonant frequency of the means with respect to the resonant frequency of the hot filament to have the desired ratio therebetween.

The selection of the resonant vibrations of the filament and the mounting means, the ratio of the numbers can be explained with reference to FIG. 4, which was derived according to the invention. This figure shows curves 32A; 32B,
32C, 320, 32E, and 32F are shown. The X-axis of FIG. 4 is the ratio of the resonant frequency Ωz of the filament to the resonant frequency Ωy of the mounting means, and the y-axis is the shock transmittance Ts.

The impact transmittance Ts is 1. The filament is the same as that which occurs when the assembly has infinite rigidity! is the ratio of the maximum acceleration of the mass m2 of the filament to the maximum acceleration of .

The maximum acceleration of the hot filament occurs when the velocity of filament i is zero at the maximum displacement relative to the rest condition before the lamp 10 is shocked.

Curves 32A to 32F relate to the braking ratio associated with the installation of the present invention and have the values shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1 32A 0.005 32B 0.01 32CO, 05 32o O, 10 32E 0.50 32F 1.0 The braking ratio of the mounting means is determined by the damping ratio of the vibrations transmitted to the mounting means by the impact on the lamp 10. Attachment that causes damping is determined by the nature of the means.

Figure 4 shows curves 32A, 32B, 32C, 3
The peak portions of 2° and 32F occur when Ω,/Ωy is approximately in the ratio of 1, and the peak portion of curve 32E occurs when Ωz/Ωy
This shows that the ratio of y is close to 1, but it occurs slightly before that. Historically, Fig. 4 shows two areas 34A, both expressed by the ratio Ωz/Ωy.

34B is shown with a shaded line. Area 348 is approximately O
ranges from about 0.5, with zone 34B starting at about 1.5 and continuing to infinity.

While conducting research to solve the high temperature shock problem mentioned earlier, it was found that the ratio between the resonant frequency Ωz of the filament and the resonant frequency Ωy of the mounting means is 0. 5 (as shown in FIG. 4), it was found that the susceptibility to high temperature shock problems was significantly reduced. Furthermore, as will be explained later, relatively rigid mounting can reduce the ratio from 0.0 to 0 depending on the means chosen.
．． 3, it was confirmed that the occurrence of filament breakage due to high temperature impact was significantly reduced or even eliminated.

Further research has shown that the ratio Ωz/
It has been found that if a relatively flexible mounting is chosen such that Ωy is 1.4 or greater, the problem of filament due to high temperature shock can be greatly reduced or even eliminated.

The installation is relatively rigid and the ratio between the resonant frequency of the filament and the resonant frequency of the installation means itself is a desired low value as shown in FIG. It is shown in FIG. In the installation shown in FIG. 5, the leg 288.28C has a similar lower end portion 28E, although only partially shown. Legs 28s, 28c
Connected thereto are longitudinally and axially extending brace members 28D, 28D2 by suitable means such as welding.

For installations without the benefit of brace members 28D1, 28D2, the device 28 has a resonant frequency of approximately 40 tlz, whereas brace members 28Dl, 28,2 increase the stiffness coefficient, thus approximately doubling the resonant frequency. Make it.

The mounting means 28 of FIG. 5 is constructed of steel with the parameters shown in Table 2 suitably chosen and has the desired low ratio Ωz/Ω also shown in Table 2.

Table 2 28D, 1.0 0.012 35/88-. 4
028D21.0 0.012 2gD11.0 0.012 35/92-. 382
8D21.375 0.012 28D11.0 0.024 35/96-. 3B2
8D21.375 0.024 28Dl+, 0 0.040 35/IGO-,22
28D21.375 0.040 In the embodiment shown in Table 2, the width of the support means is approximately 0° 125 inches, the length of member 28s is approximately 1.062 inches, and the length of member 28c is approximately 1. It is 5 inches.

A second embodiment of the installation related to creating the small Ωz/Ωy of FIG. 4 is shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 6th
The device shown in the figure is attached to the leg 28B.

28C is the lower end part 28F and the leg part 288° 28c
Bracket members 28 laterally disposed between the
Apart from having 28P2 each, the installation is similar to the device described above in FIG. In the installation shown in FIG. 6 without the brace member 28, the resonance frequency of the device 28 is approximately 401.
1z, but the installation with bracket 28F is device 2.
8 increases the stiffness coefficient and thus the resonant frequency to about 70
increases to a value within the range of . As mentioned in Figure 5,
The mounting arrangement of FIG. 6, using the appropriate parameters shown in Table 3, yields the small ratio of Ωz/Ωy shown in FIG.

Table 3 27 0 0.53 27 27 0.48 27 38 0.44 39 39 0.33 42 42 0.24 The attachment to the inner sheath 18 that produces the ratio Ωz/Ωy・ shown in FIG. The apparatus is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG. 7 shows a center spring design pedestal 40 with the -L end welded to the rod 26. The pedestal 40 is brought into contact with the inner conductor 22, and the other end is suitably connected to the base 14. Pedestal 4
0 lower cover spring device 40A. The pedestal 40 is
By lowering the vibrational frequency of the J generated in the inner jacket and thus correspondingly lowering the resonant frequency of the filament, the ratio Ωz/Ωy is increased to an even higher value of 1.5 or higher. The higher the ratio, the higher the pedestal 40 as shown in Table 4.
This can be achieved by choosing the parameters appropriately.

Table 4 40 1.5 5.44 1.6 1.5 4.31 1.8 1.5 3.51 2.0 When designing a pedestal 1,1 structure with low rigidity, it is important to avoid shocks being applied to the light 10. The problem of excessive deflection of the inner envelope when exposed to When the inner mantle is displaced a sufficient distance,
There are two parts that collide and come into contact with the outer jacket 14. The collision between the inner jacket and the outer jacket applies a strong impact directly to the inner jacket.1. As a result, damage to the filament due to high temperature shock may occur. One embodiment of the present invention that solves this problem is shown in FIG.
Use structure. The inner conductor 24 or post 26 is welded to a less rigid, flexible central support 42, and the inner jacket 18,
Therefore, the resonance frequency of the filament 20 is lowered. The elastic ring 44 surrounds the flexible central support 42, with a small radial gap between the flexible support 42 and the elastic material, allowing movement therebetween. The elastic ring 44 is firmly attached to the inner periphery of the outer envelope of the lamp at its lower part near the base 14. When the inner envelope flexes under the influence of an external impact, the flexible base When 42 comes into contact with an elastic material, the effective spring constant of the pedestal increases.The spring constant of the pedestal structure 42 increases (non-linear)
As a result, the resonant frequency of the inner jacket gradually increases. For this reason, the frequency ratio is small for moderate shocks and only increases as necessary to ensure that the inner envelope does not come into contact with the outer envelope of the lamp. Alternatively, a metal disk attached to the central support can be used in place of the resilient ring 44 to provide a similar non-linear spring constant. 8th
In the apparatus shown in the figure, by appropriately selecting the parameters as shown in Table 5, the ratio Ω:/Ωa in FIG. 4 can be made much higher.

Table 5 Length Diameter gap between 42 and 44 Ωz/Ω
A42 1.5 0.05 0.080
1.544 1.0 0.43 Another embodiment in which the inner jacket 18 is arranged within the outer jacket 14 so as to preferably lower the ratio Ωz/Ωy in FIG.
As shown in the figure. FIG. 9 shows the lower portion of lamp 10 filled with a substantially inflexible hard adhesive or ceramic material 46. FIG. This material 46, shown in shading, increases the rigidity of the attachment means 28 in all directions;
Lower non-Ωz/Ωy. The material 46 should be attached so that it only surrounds a portion of the means, so as to increase the overall stiffness.
There is. The amount of stiffness depends on the properties of the adhesive or ceramic 46, as shown in Table 6, which results in the ratio Ωz/Ωy, also shown in Table 6.

The problem of high temperature impact related to the invention in Table 2 is that the filament 20
FIG.
This can also be reduced or corrected by the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 shows a glass top 50 formed around the inner conductor 24.
This shows the case where a thin wire 48 is added between the central portion of the filament 20 and the inner conductor 24. The action on the glass is to attach the support wire 48 to the inner conductor 24 but not to electrically short the filament 20. The function of the wire 48 is to support the central portion of the filament 20, thus increasing its stiffness. Increasing the stiffness of the filament 20 increases the resonant frequency of the filament, thus increasing the ratio Ωz/Ωy by 1 to the desired value.

FIG. 11 shows an alternative embodiment in which the center or central portion of the filament is supported F,1 by a separate member 52. FIG. A separate support member 52 is a thin wire attached to the central portion of the filament 20 and embedded in the grip area of the inner jacket 18. The effect of member 52 is similar to wire 48 described with respect to FIG.

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment that prevents the filament 20 from shorting with the inner conductor 24 so as to eliminate the problem of high lH shock. In this embodiment, a glass tube member is placed around the inner conductor 24 to prevent electrical contact between the conductor 24 and the filament 20.

The embodiment of FIG. 12 addresses the problem of high shock, regardless of what shock is applied to lamp 10.

Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 13 that reduces the hot shock problem by supporting the central portion of the filament in a rigid manner and reducing the length of the inner conductor 24. The filament 20 is formed in a so-called C2R type having a V-shape as shown in FIG.

The center or central portion of filament 20 in FIG.
The inner conductor is buried in the uppermost portion from which it does not extend. The orientation of filament 20 as provided by the embodiment of FIG. 13 greatly reduces the risk of lamp 10 being damaged by high temperature shock.

The susceptibility of lamp 10 to hot shock problems is related, in part, to the orientation between inner conductors 22, 24 and filament 20. The preferred orientation is to position the plane between the inner conductors within a range of 0° to 15° relative to the plane of the vertical member of the mounting means, such as 28B, 28c in FIG.

By carrying out this invention, the inner sheath can be attached in various ways, the internal structure of the inner sheath can be made into various shapes, and the inner sheath can be oriented in various ways. It will be appreciated that both of these methods reduce or even eliminate the high temperature shock problems associated with the operating filament of the general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent EJ'10.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp, with a portion cut away to show how the light source is mounted within the outer envelope. 2 is a diagram illustrating the connection of the inner jacket to the mounting means of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a somewhat enlarged diagram illustrating the parameters involved in axially aligning the filament within the inner jacket; FIG. 4 is a graph showing a curve related to the selection of parameters related to the mounting means of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a comparatively rigid mounting means of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a graph showing the mounting means of the present invention. FIG. 7 shows a spring arrangement for attaching the inner jacket; FIG. 8 shows a non-linear support arrangement for attaching the inner jacket; FIG. Figure 10 shows an embodiment of the invention in which the filament is supported within the inner jacket. FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the invention in which the filament is supported within the inner jacket;
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the means associated with the inner conductor of the filament to reduce the high temperature shock problems associated with the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a diagram of an alternative embodiment of the present invention for supporting the filament. be. Explanation of main symbols 12: Base 14: Outer sheath 18: Inner sheath 20: Filament 22.24: Inner conductor 26: Pillar member 28: Mounting is an assembly

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A conductive cap, an outer jacket having a center line, made of a transparent material, and a filling of a halogen compound,
an axially aligned tungsten filament connected between a pair of inner conductors extending out of one end of the inner jacket, the filament having a predetermined range of characteristic resonances in the operating condition; an inner jacket having the effect of having a vibration frequency Ωz, means for electrically connecting the pair of inner conductors to the conductive cap, and forming part of a means for electrically connecting the pair of inner conductors. mounting means having a characteristic resonant frequency Ωy in a predetermined range, the inner jacket being disposed within the outer jacket; The frequency Ωz and the characteristic resonant frequency Ωy of the attachment means have a ratio Ωz/Ωy of approximately 0.
．． A general-use tungsten-halogen incandescent lamp having a relationship of less than 3 and greater than about 1.4. 2. A pillar member connected and pressed between the loop portion of the attachment means and one of the inner conductors extending outside the inner sheath, and the pair of inner conductors of the inner sheath; 2. The general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp of claim 1, further comprising a strap member extending outwardly therethrough and wrapped around the end to which said post member is connected. 3. A wiring member having an upper portion having a loop portion to which the pillar member is connected, the loop portion having a leg portion, and one end of the leg portion being appropriately connected to the conductive base. another leg of said wiring member has at one end thereof means for suitably connecting to said conductive cap, said leg having longitudinal and axial directions, respectively, which enhance the rigidity properties of said attachment means. 3. The general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp of claim 2, further comprising a separate brace member extending from the lamp to the lamp. 4. The attachment means has a wiring member having an upper portion having a loop portion to which the post member is connected, and the loop portion has a leg portion at one end thereof having means for suitably connecting to the conductive cap. and the wiring member further has another leg having means at one end thereof suitably connected to the conductive cap, the legs extending laterally between respective central portions. 3. The general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp of claim 2, further comprising additional brace members connected at their ends to said conductive base to enhance the rigidity characteristics of said mounting means. 5. The attachment means comprises a member having one end connected to the column member, the other end suitably connected to the conductive cap, and having a central portion configured as a loop-shaped spring member. General-use tungsten halogen incandescent lamp as described in item 2. 6. The general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp of claim 5, wherein said spring member has a stiffness coefficient of about 3 to about 6. 7. The attachment means is arranged around a flexible member having one end connected to the column member and the other end suitably connected to the conductive cap, and the attachment means being disposed around the flexible member; 3. The general-use tungsten halogen incandescent lamp according to claim 2, comprising a flexible member and an elastic member fixed to the conductive cap, with a predetermined gap formed between the flexible member and the elastic member so as to be movable therebetween. . 8. The general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp of claim 7, wherein said predetermined gap is about 0.080 inches and said resilient member is formed on a resilient material. 9. The general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp of claim 1 further comprising a substantially inflexible material surrounding a portion of said mounting means to increase its overall rigidity. 10. The general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp of claim 1, wherein said non-flexible material is selected from the group consisting of thermosetting epoxies, hard adhesives, and ceramic materials. 11. Adjusting the resonant frequency of the filament in the form of a loop with one end connected to and insulated from one inner conductor extending parallel to the filament and the other end disposed around the central portion of the filament. 3. A general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp according to claim 2, wherein the lamp is elevated by a device comprising a support member having a shape. 12. The resonance frequency of the filament is determined by the shape of a loop, one end of which is buried in the end of the inner sheath from which the lead wire extends, and the other end of which is disposed around the central portion of the filament. 3. A general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp as claimed in claim 2, wherein said tungsten halogen incandescent lamp is elevated by a device comprising a support member having a structure. 13. The filament is configured in a V-shape with a central portion, one end of the support member is in the form of a loop disposed around the central portion of the filament, and the other end of the support member is in the form of a loop disposed around the central portion of the filament. 3. A general-purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp according to claim 2, wherein the lamp is embedded in the top portion of the inner jacket, from which there is no lead wire extending therefrom. 14. The general purpose tungsten halogen of claim 2, wherein said inner jacket is disposed around one of the inner conductors extending parallel to said filament and has an insulating member housed within said inner jacket. Incandescent lamp. 15. The general purpose tungsten halogen incandescent lamp of claim 2, wherein the plane of the inner conductor of the inner jacket is oriented within the range of 0° to 15° with respect to the vertical plane of the mounting means.