JPH01247962A - heat pump - Google Patents
heat pumpInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01247962A JPH01247962A JP7758888A JP7758888A JPH01247962A JP H01247962 A JPH01247962 A JP H01247962A JP 7758888 A JP7758888 A JP 7758888A JP 7758888 A JP7758888 A JP 7758888A JP H01247962 A JPH01247962 A JP H01247962A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- working fluid
- compressed
- temperature
- heat pump
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)Cl VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 that is Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明はヒートポンプの改良に関し、飽和蒸気から圧
縮すると湿り蒸気となるような作動流体を有効に使用し
うるようにしたものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an improvement in a heat pump, which makes it possible to effectively use a working fluid that becomes wet steam when compressed from saturated steam.
ヒートポンプは第６図に示すように作動流体を蒸発器（
１２）で蒸発させることによって外部から熱を吸収させ
、発生した蒸気を圧縮機（１４）で圧縮して圧力と温度
を高め、凝縮器（１６）でその熱を外部に放出させる。As shown in Figure 6, a heat pump pumps working fluid through an evaporator (
Heat is absorbed from the outside by evaporation in 12), the generated vapor is compressed in a compressor (14) to increase pressure and temperature, and the heat is released to the outside in a condenser (16).
凝縮して液相となった作動流体は、膨張弁（１８）で絞
り膨張させて蒸発器（１２）にもどす、これによりサイ
クルを終える。The working fluid that has condensed into a liquid phase is throttled and expanded by an expansion valve (18) and returned to the evaporator (12), thereby completing the cycle.
第５図はこのような標準サイクルを作動流体（フロン１
））のＰｉ線図であられしたもので、第６図と照合して
説明すれば、蒸発器（１２）の出口１では作動流体は飽
和蒸気であり、圧縮機（１４）で１−２と断熱圧縮され
、凝縮器（１６）で２−３と冷却されて凝縮し、３で飽
和液体となり、膨張弁（１８）を経て３→４とエンタル
ピ一定で絞り膨張する。Figure 5 shows such a standard cycle using the working fluid (Freon 1
)), and if you explain it with reference to Figure 6, the working fluid is saturated vapor at outlet 1 of the evaporator (12), and the working fluid is saturated vapor at outlet 1 of the compressor (14). It is adiabatically compressed, cooled and condensed at 2-3 in the condenser (16), becomes a saturated liquid at 3, and is throttled and expanded from 3 to 4 with constant enthalpy through the expansion valve (18).
従来、作動流体つまり冷媒としてはフロン１２、フロン
２２などが多用されていたが、近時オゾン破壊要因のひ
とつとしていわゆるフロンガスが指摘され、その使用規
制が実施されるに至っている。したがって、代替物が求
められることとなった。Conventionally, Freon-12, Freon-22, etc. have been frequently used as working fluids, that is, refrigerants, but recently, so-called Freon gas has been pointed out as one of the causes of ozone destruction, and its use has been regulated. Therefore, a substitute was required.
フロンと総称されるもののなかでも一部規制対象から除
外されたものもあるが、これらはその特性上冷媒として
使用するには問題があった。Although some of the substances collectively known as fluorocarbons have been exempted from the regulations, their characteristics pose problems for their use as refrigerants.
すなわち、例えばフロン１）４を、第１図に実線１−２
で示すように圧縮すると、圧力Ｐｃでは湿り蒸気となる
。それゆえ、油噴射式スクリュー圧縮機におけるように
作動流体と油が同一系内に混在する場合、Ｐｃの飽和温
度と等しいかそれより低い温度の油が存在するとすれば
、その油にフロン１）４がどんどん熔は込んでしまい、
当該システムの運転ができなくなる虞れがある。That is, for example, Freon 1) 4 is indicated by the solid line 1-2 in Figure 1.
When compressed as shown in , it becomes wet steam at pressure Pc. Therefore, when working fluid and oil coexist in the same system, such as in an oil-injection screw compressor, if there is oil with a temperature equal to or lower than the saturation temperature of Pc, that oil will contain fluorocarbons (1) 4 is getting more and more melted,
There is a risk that the system will not be able to operate.
なお、油種を変更することでこのような作動流体の溶は
込み防止を図る試みもなされているが、実用化には至っ
ていない。Attempts have been made to prevent such infiltration of the working fluid by changing the type of oil, but this has not been put to practical use.
この発明は、フロン１）４のように圧縮すれば湿り域に
入いるような作動流体でも有効に使用することのできる
ヒートポンプを提供せんとするものである。The present invention aims to provide a heat pump that can effectively use working fluids such as Freon 1) 4, which enter wet regions when compressed.
〔課題を解決するための手段〕
この発明は、飽和蒸気から圧縮すると湿り蒸気となる特
性を有する作動流体を圧縮するにあたり、作動流体をさ
らに加熱することによって、所定圧力まで圧縮しても湿
り域に入いらないようにした。すなわち、エントロピー
一定で所定の圧力まで圧縮したときの作動流体の温度が
、飽和温度よりも高くなるように、作動流体を加熱する
。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides a method for compressing a working fluid that has the characteristic of becoming wet steam when compressed from saturated steam, by further heating the working fluid so that even if it is compressed to a predetermined pressure, it does not remain in the wet region. I made sure not to enter it. That is, the working fluid is heated so that the temperature of the working fluid when compressed to a predetermined pressure with constant entropy is higher than the saturation temperature.
作動流体の加熱は、加熱した油を作動流体に直接接触さ
せることによって行う。The working fluid is heated by bringing heated oil into direct contact with the working fluid.
また、斯かる加熱は、圧縮過程の初期において行うほか
、圧縮過程の任意の１以上の段階において行ってもよい
。Moreover, such heating may be performed not only at the beginning of the compression process but also at any one or more stages of the compression process.
フロン１）４のＰｉ線図（第１図）を参照して説明する
と、飽和蒸気線との交点よりも高圧側では等エントロピ
ー線が湿り域に入っている。したがって、フロン１）４
を単に飽和蒸気から圧縮（１−２）したのでは湿り蒸気
となる。To explain with reference to the Pi diagram (Fig. 1) of Freon 1) 4, the isentropic line enters the wet region on the high pressure side from the point of intersection with the saturated vapor line. Therefore, Freon 1) 4
If saturated steam is simply compressed (1-2), it becomes wet steam.
そこで、蒸発温度ＰＨ−０℃、凝縮温度Ｐｃ−６０℃と
いう条件を仮定すると、圧縮過程を通じて、作動流体が
湿り域に入らない、言い換えると、常に飽和蒸気又は過
熱蒸気（２゛）であるためには、圧縮機出口において飽
和温度（６０℃）よりも高温でなければならない、この
ことから、圧縮機入口温度を約１８℃以上にする（１−
１’）必要がある。これは圧縮過程の初期に加熱を行う
場合である。Therefore, assuming the conditions of evaporation temperature PH - 0℃ and condensation temperature Pc - 60℃, the working fluid does not enter the wet region during the compression process, in other words, it is always saturated steam or superheated steam (2゛). In order to
1') It is necessary. This is the case when heating is performed at the beginning of the compression process.
このほか、圧縮過程の１以上の段階において加熱を行う
場合は、初期の加熱は１８℃より低くすることができる
。圧縮過程の進行に応じて随時、等エントロピー線が湿
り域に入らないように、加熱を繰り返せばよい。Additionally, if heating is performed at one or more stages of the compression process, the initial heating can be below 18°C. Heating may be repeated at any time as the compression process progresses so that the isentropic line does not enter the wet region.
なお、第１図の点線は、圧縮初期に加熱を行った場合を
模式的にあられしたものである。実際には、二点鎖線で
示すように、作動流体と油との直接接触により作動流体
の温度は徐々に上昇する。Note that the dotted line in FIG. 1 schematically represents the case where heating is performed at the initial stage of compression. In fact, as shown by the two-dot chain line, the temperature of the working fluid gradually increases due to the direct contact between the working fluid and the oil.
第２図に示したこの発明の実施例について述べると、ヒ
ートポンプは蒸発器（２０） 、圧縮器（４０） 、凝
縮器（６０） 、および膨張弁（８０）といった構成要
素を含んでいる。これらは直列に接続して閉じた作動流
体ループを構成しており、作動流体としてフロン１）４
を使用する。Referring to the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 2, the heat pump includes the following components: an evaporator (20), a compressor (40), a condenser (60), and an expansion valve (80). These are connected in series to form a closed working fluid loop, and the working fluid is Freon 1) 4
use.
圧縮機（４０）としては、油噴射式スクリュー圧縮機を
使用している。スクリュー圧縮機は第３図および第４図
に示すように、ケーシング（４１）内で長いねじ状の雄
ロータ（４２）と雌ロータ（４３）が微小なすきまで互
いにかみ合い、両端の軸受で平行に支持されている。作
動流体は吸込み口（４４）から、ロータ（４２） （
４３）とケーシング（４１）とで形成された歯型空間に
吸入される。ロータ（４２） （４３）の回転に伴っ
て歯型空間の容積が次第に縮まり、圧縮が行われる。歯
型空間はケーシング（４１）に加工された吐出口（４５
）に通じ、ここから圧縮作動流体が吐き出される。また
、ケーシング（４１）には噴射孔（４６）を設けてあり
、ここから油を噴射するようになっている。油分離器（
４８）はスクリュー圧縮機（４０）の吐出口（４５）か
ら吐き出された作動流体と油の混合物を分離して、作動
流体は凝縮器（６０）へ、油は油ポンプ（４９）へ、そ
れぞれ送る。なお、加熱器（４７）の熱源は図示のよう
に蒸発器（２０）用のものを共用してもよいが、別の熱
源を使用することもできる。As the compressor (40), an oil injection type screw compressor is used. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in a screw compressor, a long screw-shaped male rotor (42) and a female rotor (43) are engaged with each other with a minute gap inside a casing (41), and are parallel to each other by bearings at both ends. is supported by The working fluid flows from the suction port (44) to the rotor (42) (
43) and the casing (41). As the rotors (42) (43) rotate, the volume of the tooth mold space gradually decreases and compression is performed. The tooth space is formed by a discharge port (45) machined into the casing (41).
) from which compressed working fluid is discharged. Further, the casing (41) is provided with an injection hole (46) from which oil is injected. Oil separator (
48) separates the mixture of working fluid and oil discharged from the discharge port (45) of the screw compressor (40), and sends the working fluid to the condenser (60) and the oil to the oil pump (49), respectively. send. Note that the heat source of the heater (47) may be shared with that for the evaporator (20) as shown, but another heat source may also be used.
次に、第１図において蒸発温度ＰＨ−０℃、ｌＪｉ縮温
度Ｐｃ−６０℃と仮定して作用を説明すると、液相の作
動流体が蒸発器（２０）にて外部から熱を奪って低温（
０℃）で沸騰する（４−１）。そして発生した蒸気は圧
縮機（４０）に進むが、噴射孔（４６）から噴射された
加熱油と接触することにより、１８℃まで加熱され（１
−１”）、その上で圧縮される（１°−２’） 、 ２
は飽和蒸気線より外側つまり過熱蒸気域にある。なお、
既述のとおり、作動流体の温度は徐々に上昇すると考え
られるから、実際の圧縮は二点鎖線（１−２°）のよう
に行われる。所定の凝縮温度（６０℃）に対応する圧力
まで圧縮されると、油と混在した状態で吐出口（４５）
から吐き出される。作動流体と油は油分離器（４８）で
分離され、作動流体は凝縮器（６０）へ送られ、そこで
熱を捨てて凝縮する（２°−３）、液相となった作動流
体は膨張弁（８０）で絞り膨張して（３−４）、再び蒸
発器（２０）に入いる。一方、油分離器（４８）を出た
油は油ポンプ（４９）で、再びスクリュー圧縮機（４０
）に供給される。Next, in Fig. 1, assuming that the evaporation temperature is PH - 0°C and the condensation temperature Pc - 60°C, the working fluid in the liquid phase absorbs heat from the outside in the evaporator (20) and is brought to a low temperature. (
0°C) (4-1). The generated steam then advances to the compressor (40), where it comes into contact with heated oil injected from the injection hole (46) and is heated to 18°C (18°C).
−1”), on which it is compressed (1° −2′), 2
is outside the saturated steam line, that is, in the superheated steam region. In addition,
As mentioned above, since the temperature of the working fluid is considered to rise gradually, the actual compression is performed as shown by the two-dot chain line (1-2 degrees). When compressed to a pressure corresponding to a predetermined condensation temperature (60°C), the oil is mixed with the oil at the discharge port (45).
spit out from The working fluid and oil are separated by the oil separator (48), and the working fluid is sent to the condenser (60), where it discards heat and condenses (2°-3).The working fluid, which has become a liquid phase, expands. It is throttled and expanded (3-4) by a valve (80) and enters the evaporator (20) again. On the other hand, the oil that has come out of the oil separator (48) is sent to the oil pump (49) and again to the screw compressor (40).
).
圧縮機（４０）から吐き出された油の温度は理論上６０
℃であるから、この油を噴射孔（４６）から噴射するこ
とにより、圧縮機（４０）内で作動流体と油が直接接触
して作動流体が加熱される、油の噴射は圧縮機（４０）
の例えば吸込口（４４）附近において一段で行うほか、
圧縮の過程で多段に行うこともできる。第２図に油のラ
インを一部点線であられしたのはこのことを示している
。Theoretically, the temperature of the oil discharged from the compressor (40) is 60
℃, by injecting this oil from the injection hole (46), the working fluid and oil come into direct contact within the compressor (40) and the working fluid is heated. )
For example, in addition to performing it in one stage near the suction port (44),
The compression process can also be performed in multiple stages. This is shown in Figure 2 where some of the oil lines are marked with dotted lines.
流量の関係で熱量が不足するときは第２図に想像線で示
したように油加熱器（４７）を設け、これにより油を加
熱したうえで圧縮機（４ｏ）に供給するとよい。また、
圧縮機の効率によっては摩擦熱等の影響で油の温度が６
０℃（上側の場合）以上になることがある。そのような
ときは、油冷却器を設けて過度の加熱を防止する。例え
ば、第２図の油加熱器（４７）に代えて油冷却器を接続
する。When the amount of heat is insufficient due to the flow rate, it is recommended to install an oil heater (47) as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 2, and heat the oil before supplying it to the compressor (4o). Also,
Depending on the efficiency of the compressor, the oil temperature may drop to 6.
The temperature may exceed 0°C (in the case of the upper side). In such cases, install an oil cooler to prevent excessive heating. For example, an oil cooler may be connected in place of the oil heater (47) in FIG.
さらにまた、油を多段に噴射する場合、各段の油温を異
ならせることもできる。第２Ａ図の実施例の場合、圧縮
機入口附近で噴射する初段の油には圧縮機（４０）から
吐き出された油をそのまま用い、２段目以降では油加熱
器（４７）でさらに加熱した油を噴射するようにしてい
る。Furthermore, when oil is injected in multiple stages, the oil temperature in each stage can be made different. In the case of the embodiment shown in Fig. 2A, the oil discharged from the compressor (40) is used as it is for the first stage oil injected near the compressor inlet, and the oil discharged from the compressor (40) is used as it is, and the oil is further heated in the oil heater (47) for the second and subsequent stages. It is designed to spray oil.
以上説明したようにこの発明は、フロン１）４のように
圧縮すると湿り域に入いるような作動流体を圧縮するに
あたり、同一系内に混在する油を加熱してこれと直接接
触させることによって、所定の蒸発温度（圧力）より昇
温した状態から圧縮するようにしたから、所定の凝縮圧
力まで圧縮しても過熱蒸気か精々飽和蒸気の状態を維持
する。したがって、作動流体が油に熔は込むのを防止し
て当該システムの安定した運転が確保される。As explained above, when compressing a working fluid that enters a wet region when compressed, such as Freon 1) 4, the present invention heats the oil mixed in the same system and brings it into direct contact with the fluid. Since the steam is compressed from a state where the temperature is raised above a predetermined evaporation temperature (pressure), even if the steam is compressed to a predetermined condensing pressure, the state of superheated steam or at most saturated steam is maintained. Therefore, the working fluid is prevented from melting into the oil, thereby ensuring stable operation of the system.
このようにこの発明によれば、圧縮すると湿り域に入い
る特性を有する作動流体でも有効に使用でき、現下のフ
ロン規制に十分適合するヒートポンプを提供することが
できる。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a heat pump that can effectively use even a working fluid that has a characteristic that it enters a wet region when compressed, and that satisfactorily complies with current fluorocarbon regulations.
第１図はこの発明によるヒートポンプサイクル（点線）
を示すフロン１）４のＰｉ線図、第２図はこの発明の実
施例を示すヒートポンプのブロック線図、
第２Ａ図は別の実施例を示すヒートポンプのブロック撃
京図、
第３図は油噴射式スクリュー圧縮機の縦断面図、
第４図は第３図のｒＶ−ＩＶ線断面図、第５図は標準ヒ
ートポンプサイクルを示すＰｉ線図、
第６図はヒートポンプの従来例を示すブロック線図であ
る。
２０：蒸発器
４０：油噴射式スクリュー圧縮機
４１：ケーシング
４２：雄ロータ
４３：雌ロータ
４４：吸込み口
４５：吐出口
４６：噴射孔
４７：油加熱器
４８：油分ｇｉ器
４９：油ポンプ
６０：凝縮器
８０：膨張弁
ＰＣ：凝縮圧力
ＰＥ ：蒸発圧力
叫Ｒ（ＣＬ）
閣り（Ｑ）Figure 1 shows a heat pump cycle (dotted line) according to this invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a heat pump showing an embodiment of this invention, Fig. 2A is a block diagram of a heat pump showing another embodiment, Fig. 3 is a Pi diagram of Freon 1) 4 showing Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of an injection type screw compressor, Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the rV-IV line in Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is a Pi diagram showing a standard heat pump cycle, and Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing a conventional example of a heat pump. It is a diagram. 20: Evaporator 40: Oil injection screw compressor 41: Casing 42: Male rotor 43: Female rotor 44: Suction port 45: Discharge port 46: Injection hole 47: Oil heater 48: Oil GI device 49: Oil pump 60 : Condenser 80 : Expansion valve PC : Condensing pressure PE : Evaporation pressure R (CL) Cabinet (Q)
Claims (1)
性を有する作動流体を用い、この作動流体を圧縮するに
あたり、作動流体に加熱した油を直接接触させて作動流
体を昇温させることにより、所定圧力まで圧縮しても湿
り蒸気とならないようにしたことを特徴とするヒートポ
ンプ。(1) Using a working fluid that has a characteristic that it becomes wet steam when compressed from saturated steam, and in compressing this working fluid, by bringing heated oil into direct contact with the working fluid to raise the temperature of the working fluid, A heat pump that is characterized by not turning into wet steam even when compressed to a predetermined pressure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7758888A JPH01247962A (en) | 1988-03-29 | 1988-03-29 | heat pump |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7758888A JPH01247962A (en) | 1988-03-29 | 1988-03-29 | heat pump |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01247962A true JPH01247962A (en) | 1989-10-03 |
Family
ID=13638130
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7758888A Pending JPH01247962A (en) | 1988-03-29 | 1988-03-29 | heat pump |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01247962A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0441880B1 (en) * | 1988-11-03 | 1996-09-25 | Igen, Inc. | Apparatus for conducting measurements of electroluminescent phenomena |
| US6200531B1 (en) | 1998-05-11 | 2001-03-13 | Igen International, Inc. | Apparatus for carrying out electrochemiluminescence test measurements |
| KR100751729B1 (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-08-24 | 원연호 | Controlled Blasting Method by Multi-Phase Parallel Drilling |
| US7553448B2 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2009-06-30 | Bioveris Corporation | Electrochemiluminescence flow cell and flow cell components |
| JP2012167852A (en) * | 2011-02-14 | 2012-09-06 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Heat pump type vapor generator |
| WO2014017345A1 (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2014-01-30 | 三浦工業株式会社 | Heat pump |
| WO2015056648A1 (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-04-23 | 富士電機株式会社 | Heat pump device |
| JP2017503141A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2017-01-26 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフトＳｉｅｍｅｎｓ Ａｋｔｉｅｎｇｅｓｅｌｌｓｃｈａｆｔ | How to set the size of the heat transfer surface |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5388253A (en) * | 1977-01-14 | 1978-08-03 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Refrigerator |
-
1988
- 1988-03-29 JP JP7758888A patent/JPH01247962A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5388253A (en) * | 1977-01-14 | 1978-08-03 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Refrigerator |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0441880B1 (en) * | 1988-11-03 | 1996-09-25 | Igen, Inc. | Apparatus for conducting measurements of electroluminescent phenomena |
| US6200531B1 (en) | 1998-05-11 | 2001-03-13 | Igen International, Inc. | Apparatus for carrying out electrochemiluminescence test measurements |
| US7553448B2 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2009-06-30 | Bioveris Corporation | Electrochemiluminescence flow cell and flow cell components |
| KR100751729B1 (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-08-24 | 원연호 | Controlled Blasting Method by Multi-Phase Parallel Drilling |
| JP2012167852A (en) * | 2011-02-14 | 2012-09-06 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Heat pump type vapor generator |
| WO2014017345A1 (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2014-01-30 | 三浦工業株式会社 | Heat pump |
| WO2015056648A1 (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-04-23 | 富士電機株式会社 | Heat pump device |
| JPWO2015056648A1 (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2017-03-09 | 富士電機株式会社 | Heat pump equipment |
| JP2017503141A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2017-01-26 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフトＳｉｅｍｅｎｓ Ａｋｔｉｅｎｇｅｓｅｌｌｓｃｈａｆｔ | How to set the size of the heat transfer surface |
| US9885505B2 (en) | 2014-01-17 | 2018-02-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for configuring the size of a heat transfer surface |
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