JPH01255451A - coreless motor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a coreless motor using a superconducting material for the winding in a magnetic flux path and a conducting wire used for the winding.

[Prior Art] Among these types of motors, coreless motors in which the rotor windings and the iron core are separated have no hysteresis loss and Hysteresis loss is proportional to the frequency of the alternating magnetic field, so there are no disadvantages caused by high-speed rotation, and because the reactance voltage is small, there are fewer sparks caused by contact with the commutator, and damage to the commutator is small. It has the advantage of having a small moment of inertia and being suitable for use with servo motors. Further, if the winding is appropriately configured such as diagonally wound, cogging during rotation can be prevented.

FIGS. 7(A) and 7(B) are a perspective view showing an example of a rotor in a coreless motor, and a sectional view of a coreless motor in which the rotor is provided, respectively.

In these figures, the rotor 8 is formed by diagonally winding a conducting wire 2 as an armature winding into a cylindrical shape and hardening it with an epoxy resin. The rotor 8 consists of the rotating shaft 1 and a support plate 8 ^ made of resin or the like disposed on the bottom of the rotor 8.
The rotation of the rotor 8 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 1 by being connected by.

The rotation @1 is supported by bearings IA and 1B provided in a structural member such as the outer core 5 of the coreless motor.

In this configuration, a permanent magnet 4 serving as a stator field connected to the structural member is disposed inside the rotor 8.

Further, a commutator 3^ is attached to one end of the rotating shaft 1, and the direction of the current flowing through the conducting wire 2 is determined by contact with the brush 3B.

FIG. 8 is a top sectional view of the structure shown in FIG. 7. As is clear from the figure, the magnetic flux emitted from the N pole of the permanent magnet 4 passes through the conductor 2, passes through the outer core 5 made of soft magnetic material, and passes through the conductor 2 again to reach the S pole of the permanent magnet 4. . At this time,
If the direction 6 of the current flowing through the conducting wire is appropriately controlled according to the direction of the magnetic flux, the rotor 8 rotates in the direction indicated by the reference numeral 7 in the figure, for example.

By the way, the efficiency of this type of motor depends on the shape of the stator and rotor, the amount of magnetic flux generated from the permanent magnets, the electrical resistance of the conducting wire, etc., and it is especially important to reduce the specific electrical resistance of the conducting wire material. It was a big challenge.

On the other hand, with the recent progress in the development of superconducting materials, it has become possible to create materials that achieve a superconducting state at liquid nitrogen temperatures, and this has led to the creation of coreless motors that use superconducting materials for the windings. It's starting to be offered.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in a coreless motor using conductive wires made of superconducting material, the effect of using superconducting material cannot be achieved due to the cross-sectional shape of the conductive wire 9 and its arrangement, as shown in FIG. They tend to be canceled out.

That is, due to the Meissner effect in the conducting wire 9, the magnetic lines of force cannot penetrate through the conducting wire 9, and a magnetic force line distribution 14 as shown in the figure is formed. As a result, the magnetic path length becomes longer to bypass the conducting wire 9, and the magnetic flux path becomes narrower, so that the magnetic flux linkage area becomes smaller, the reluctance increases, and the amount of magnetic flux decreases. As a result, the electrical resistance of the conductor is O
The improvement in efficiency achieved by using superconducting materials will be canceled out.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned viewpoints,
The purpose is to provide a superconducting wire with an efficient shape that can demonstrate the original effect of using superconducting material for the conductor wire as a winding wire, and to develop coreless motors etc. using the above conductor wire. Our goal is to provide the following electrical equipment.

[Means for Solving the Problems] To this end, in the present invention, a conducting wire is constituted by a metal substrate having at least one flat surface and a superconducting thin film formed on the at least one flat surface of the metal substrate. It is characterized by

It also has a magnetic flux generating means as a stator, the current path in the rotor is constituted by the above-mentioned conducting wire, and the film surface of the superconducting thin film is parallel to the direction of the magnetic flux interlinking the current path. do.

[Function] According to the above configuration, the magnetic flux passing through the current path formed by the conducting wire is less affected by the Meissner effect, and the magnetic path length is increased and the area of magnetic flux linkage is reduced. Prevented.

Furthermore, the motor can rotate even in the normal conduction state, and even if the superconductivity state is partially broken, sudden heat generation due to increased resistance is prevented.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a part of an upper cross section of a rotor showing an embodiment of the present invention. Elements similar to those shown in FIG. 9 are designated by the same reference numerals, and their explanations will be omitted. Also, Figure 2 (
A) and (B) are an external perspective view and a developed view, respectively, of the rotor shown in FIG. 1.

In these figures, 9 is a conducting wire as a winding wire, and the conducting wire 9 is a metal substrate I3 formed of a good conductor such as Cu or AI.
and [1i-La-5r-Cu-
0゜Y-Ba-Cu-0, La-[1a-Cu-0, etc.
A superconducting thin film made by depositing one or more layers of ceramic or superconducting metal alloy containing rare earth metals or transitional metals.
It is formed by O. The superconducting thin film 10 is formed by resistance heating evaporation, electron beam evaporation, or sputtering.

The metal substrate 1 is formed by plating, CVO, etc.
The portions of No. 3 where the thin film 1O is not deposited are covered with a mask or a susceptor to prevent the thin film 1O from being deposited.

By the conductive wire 9 formed as described above, as shown in FIG. 2(B)
A winding pattern is defined in the unfolded state as shown in FIG. 2, and the winding pattern is fixed by filling the space between each conducting wire with an insulating adhesive 11A.

Furthermore, both sides of the winding pattern are coated with resin 11B. A cylindrical rotor 8 is formed by the winding pattern thus formed.

In this configuration, as shown in FIG. 1, the conducting wires 9 are arranged so that the direction of the magnetic flux passing through the rotor 8 is almost parallel to the surface of the superconducting thin film IO, so that the conductive wires 9 are arranged as shown in FIG. In this case, the magnetic flux path is hardly distorted by the Meissner effect in the superconducting thin film 10, and an increase in reluctance is prevented. As a result, it is possible to use a superconducting material in the windings of a coreless motor, and the electrical resistance of the windings becomes O.
This will directly lead to improved efficiency.

Further, by using a metal such as Cu or Al for the substrate 13, even if the superconducting thin film IO is in a normal conduction state, current can be passed through the conducting wire 9, and the motor can rotate. For example, when the motor of this embodiment is used at a low temperature where a superconducting state is achieved, the motor can be cooled while rotating until it reaches that temperature, thereby preventing the motor from freezing.

Furthermore, the effect of the metal substrate is that even if superconductivity is partially broken, the current flows by bypassing the substrate 13 and can prevent the adverse effect on the motor due to heat caused by a sudden increase in resistance.

In addition, the pitch of the conducting wire 9 is β as shown in FIG.
When the thickness of the superconducting thin film 10 is t, it is better that t be as thin as possible, but a predetermined thickness is required in consideration of the maximum required current, etc.

At this time, it is desirable from experience that the relationship 1>2t holds true.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the winding pattern. The pattern shown in the figure differs from the pattern in FIG. 2(B) in that a plurality of conductive wires 9 constitute a winding pattern. In this case, there is no part where the conducting wires 9 cross, and there is an advantage that the rotor can be made thinner. Note that the number of windings and the number of windings in FIGS. 2 and 3 are shown conceptually, and are not limited to what is shown in the figures.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1 showing another embodiment of the conducting wire. What differs from the structure of the conducting wire shown in FIG. 1 is that a superconducting thin film 10 is sandwiched between metal substrates 13. The structure of the conducting wire 9 is realized, for example, as a rolled cladding.

With the above-described configuration of the conductive wire 9, deterioration of the superconducting thin film IO over time is prevented by being covered by the substrate 13,
The reliability of the conducting wire 9 is improved.

Moreover, in the case of the above-mentioned structure, the superconducting thin film can be manufactured without being destroyed in a processing step such as rolling, which has a great advantage in processing.

5 and 6 are cross-sectional views showing other embodiments of the conducting wire.

FIG. 5 shows a configuration in which a superconducting thin film 10 is deposited on both sides of a metal substrate 13, and the thin film 10 is formed by, for example, CVD.

Figure 6 shows Cu plating 13 in the conductor shown in Figure 5.
8 shows a configuration in which the superconducting thin film 10 is protected.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, by arranging the thin 11% 10 on two sides, it becomes possible to variously set the amount of current and the thickness of the thin film 1O.

Although the above-mentioned embodiments have been described with reference to a coreless motor, the present invention can also be applied to a motor in which the current path is a stator and the magnetic flux generation source is a rotor.

In addition, the conducting wires shown in the above-mentioned embodiments can improve the performance of electrical equipment such as transformers, power storage inductors, and coils by arranging the superconducting thin film surface parallel to the magnetic flux path. I can do it.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the magnetic flux passing through the current path formed by the conducting wire is less affected by the Meissner effect, and the magnetic path length is increased and the magnetic flux is This prevents the area of linkage from becoming narrower.

Furthermore, the motor can rotate even in the normal conduction state, and even if the superconductivity state is partially broken, sudden heat generation due to increased resistance is prevented.

As a result, it is possible to prevent a decrease in efficiency due to the use of superconducting materials, such as an increase in reluctance due to the Meissner effect, and to obtain a coreless motor that fully utilizes the inherent advantages of superconducting materials with an electrical resistance of 0. did it.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a coreless motor showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 3 is a developed view showing a modified example of the winding pattern in the rotor, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are other embodiments of the rotor. 7(A) is a perspective view of a rotor in a coreless motor, and FIG. 7(B) is a cross-sectional view of a conductor wire showing an example. FIG. 7(B) is a diagram of a coreless motor to which the rotor shown in FIG. 7(^) is applied. The cross-sectional view, Figures 8 and 9 are one example of a conventional coreless motor.
FIG. l...rotating shaft, 2.9...conducting wire, 38...commutator, 3B...brush, 4...permanent magnet, 5...outer core, 6...current direction, 7... Rotation direction, 8... Rotor, 1-0... Superconducting thin film, 11A... Insulating adhesive, 11B... Resin, 13... Metal substrate, 14... Lines of magnetic force distribution. Figure 2 (A) Figure 2 (B) 3A 31st,, Knee 35 Figure 6 Figure 6 Den;

Claims (1)

Claims: 1) A conductive wire comprising: a metal substrate having at least one plane; and a superconducting thin film formed on the at least one plane of the metal substrate. 2) The conducting wire according to claim 1, wherein the superconducting thin film is coated with metal. 3) An electrical device comprising a magnetic flux generating means, wherein the conducting wire according to claim 1 or 2 is disposed such that the film surface of the superconducting material thin film is parallel to the direction of the magnetic flux. 4) The magnetic flux has a magnetic flux generating means as a stator, the current path in the rotor is constituted by the conducting wire according to claim 1 or 2, and the film surface of the superconducting material thin film interlinks the current path. A coreless motor characterized by being parallel to the direction of.