JPH01256759A - Solar heat selectively absorbing material - Google Patents
Solar heat selectively absorbing materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01256759A JPH01256759A JP63083672A JP8367288A JPH01256759A JP H01256759 A JPH01256759 A JP H01256759A JP 63083672 A JP63083672 A JP 63083672A JP 8367288 A JP8367288 A JP 8367288A JP H01256759 A JPH01256759 A JP H01256759A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- solar heat
- component
- powder
- selective absorber
- spinning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/20—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
- F24S70/225—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption for spectrally selective absorption
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野コ
本発明は、太陽エネルギーを効率的に吸収し、かつ熱放
射による損失の少ない太陽熱選択吸収材に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a solar heat selective absorber that efficiently absorbs solar energy and has little loss due to thermal radiation.
［従来の技術 〕
太陽熱放射スペクトルは０．５μｍの波長付近にピーク
が存在し、０．３〜２．０μｍの間に全エネルギーの９
５％以上を含んでいる。このため。[Prior art] The solar thermal radiation spectrum has a peak near the wavelength of 0.5 μm, and 9 of the total energy exists between 0.3 and 2.0 μm.
Contains 5% or more. For this reason.
太陽熱を選択的に吸、収させる物質としては、０゜３〜
２．０μｍの波長域で吸収が大きく、また２゜０μｍを
越える赤外域では熱の放射率が小さいことが必要条件と
なる。As a substance that selectively absorbs solar heat, 0°3~
It is necessary that absorption be large in the wavelength range of 2.0 μm, and that heat emissivity be small in the infrared region exceeding 2.0 μm.
この条件を充たす利用技術として、近時、太陽熱選択吸
収膜を用いた熱発電システムの開発が進められているが
、より安価な素材物質が得られれば、工業、農業、建築
などの分野からスポーツ、レジャーに至る巾広い範囲の
用途に活用できる要素がある。As a utilization technology that satisfies this condition, the development of thermal power generation systems using solar heat selective absorption membranes has been progressing recently. There are elements that can be used for a wide range of purposes, including leisure.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
出願人は、先に周期律表第ｔＶ族に属する遷移金属の炭
化物が太陽熱を効率的に選択吸収することを解明し、こ
れを主成分素材とする太陽熱選択吸収材について提案し
た（特願昭６１−２６０３５８、特願昭６２−１９８４
８７、特願昭６２−１９８４８８）。[Problem to be solved by the invention] The applicant has previously discovered that a carbide of a transition metal belonging to Group tV of the periodic table selectively absorbs solar heat, and has developed a solar heat selection method using this as a main component material. Proposed absorbent material (Patent Application 1986-260358, Patent Application 1984-1984)
87, patent application No. 62-198488).
しかしながら、これら先願技術で用いる金属炭化物は、
高価であるうえに硬質で微粉砕しにくいため、被膜形成
あるいは混練処理などに際して均一性が得られにくいと
いう問題点があった。However, the metal carbide used in these prior art technologies is
In addition to being expensive, it is hard and difficult to pulverize, so there is a problem in that it is difficult to obtain uniformity during film formation or kneading treatment.
本発明の目的は、広範囲の用途分野に活用できる安価か
つ処理の容易な素材による太陽熱選択吸収材を提供する
にある。An object of the present invention is to provide a solar heat selective absorber made of inexpensive and easily processable materials that can be used in a wide range of fields of application.
［課題を解決するための手段］
上記の目的を達成するための本発明の太陽熱選択吸収材
は、原子番号２４〜２９の間に存在する金属の酸化物お
よび／または炭化物の一種もしくは二種以上を主成分と
して含有することを特徴とするものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The solar heat selective absorption material of the present invention for achieving the above object comprises one or more oxides and/or carbides of metals having an atomic number between 24 and 29. It is characterized by containing as a main component.
原子番号２４〜２９の間に存在する金属は、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ
、Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、ＮｉおよびＣｕである。Metals existing between atomic numbers 24 and 29 include Cr, Mn
, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu.
これらの金属は、酸化物、あるいは炭化物の形態（以下
、「索材」という）で使用に供されるが、最も効率的に
使用できるのは、Ｃｒの酸化物または炭化物である。こ
れらの素材は、微粉末に粉砕し、それぞれ単独もしくは
二種以上の混合物として用いられる。また、素材には、
副成分として周期律表第■族に属する遷移金属の炭化物
あるいはＡ１を微粉末状で添加配合することができる。These metals are used in the form of oxides or carbides (hereinafter referred to as "wire materials"), but Cr oxides or carbides can be used most efficiently. These materials are ground into fine powder and used individually or as a mixture of two or more. In addition, the material includes
A carbide of a transition metal belonging to Group Ⅰ of the periodic table or A1 may be added as a subcomponent in the form of fine powder.
周期律表第■族に属する遷移金属の炭化物には、Ｔｉｃ
、ＺｒＣ，ＨｆＣなどがあるが、これら物質のうちでは
ＺｒＣが最も効率的な選択吸収性を有するため有効に用
いることができる。Carbides of transition metals belonging to Group Ⅰ of the periodic table include Tic
, ZrC, HfC, etc. Among these substances, ZrC has the most efficient selective absorption and can be used effectively.
上記の素材を主成分として含有する太陽熱選択吸収材は
、以下のような形態に構成される。A solar heat selective absorption material containing the above-mentioned material as a main component is configured in the following form.
（１）素材の一種もしくは二種以上の粉末、またはこれ
に副成分を添加混合した粉末を、直接またはバインダー
を介して有機物あるいは無機物からなる基材の面に被膜
形成させて構成する形態。(1) A form in which a powder of one or more materials, or a powder obtained by adding and mixing subcomponents to the powder, is formed into a film on the surface of a base material made of an organic or inorganic material, either directly or via a binder.
この形態で基材となる有機物としては、例えば天然また
は合成繊維、合成樹脂などが、また無機物としては、炭
素、セラミックスのほか、金属物質から作られた織物、
編物、不織布等の布地、フィルム、板状体が適用される
。Examples of organic materials that serve as base materials in this form include natural or synthetic fibers, synthetic resins, etc., and examples of inorganic materials such as carbon, ceramics, and textiles made from metal materials.
Fabrics such as knitted fabrics and non-woven fabrics, films, and plate-like bodies are applicable.
被膜形成する手段のうち、直接法は高周波化成スパッタ
リングによる方法で、高周波スパッタリング装置を用い
Ａ ｒ −ＣＨ４などの雰囲気下で素材物質の薄膜を付
着形成する。また、バインダーを介在させる方法は、素
材等の微粉末を例えばポリウレタン、アクリル酸エステ
ル、その他適宜な樹脂系バインダーに混合して均一に分
散させ、この分散混合物を基材面に塗付、印捺するか、
前記分散混合物をフィルム状に成形したものを固着する
ことによって被膜形成する。Among the means for forming a film, the direct method is a method using high frequency chemical sputtering, in which a thin film of a material is deposited in an atmosphere such as Ar-CH4 using a high frequency sputtering device. In addition, the method of interposing a binder involves mixing fine powder of the material with a suitable resin binder such as polyurethane, acrylic ester, etc., uniformly dispersing it, and applying this dispersion mixture to the base material surface for printing. Or,
A film is formed by fixing the dispersion mixture formed into a film.
（２）素材の一種もしくは二種以上の粉末、またはこれ
に副成分を添加混合した粉末を、構成樹脂成分と混練り
してシート状に成形して構成する形態。(2) A form in which a powder of one or more materials, or a powder obtained by adding and mixing subcomponents to the powder, is kneaded with a constituent resin component and formed into a sheet.
この形態は、シート状に成形することのできる塩化ビニ
ール、ポリスチレンのような樹脂材料にフィラーとして
添加するものである。In this form, it is added as a filler to a resin material such as vinyl chloride or polystyrene that can be formed into a sheet.
（３）素材の一種もしくは二種以上の粉末、またはこれ
に副成分を添加混合した粉末と熱可塑性合成線状重合体
との混練組成物を溶融紡糸するか、前記混練組成物と熱
可塑性合成線状重合体を溶融複合紡糸して織物状に成形
してなる形態。(3) Melt-spinning a kneaded composition of one or more powders of raw materials, or a powder obtained by adding and mixing subcomponents thereof, and a thermoplastic synthetic linear polymer; or A form made by melt-spinning a linear polymer into a woven fabric.
この形態に用いられる熱可塑性合成線状重合体は、アク
リルあるいはナイロン６、ナイロン６６、ナイロン６１
０、ナイロン１１、ナイロン１２などのポリアミド、ポ
リエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレー
トなどのポリエステル、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン
などのポリオレフィン等から選択されるが、特に、ナイ
ロン６、ナイロン６６またはポリエチレンテレフタレー
トが効果的に使用される。The thermoplastic synthetic linear polymer used in this form is acrylic, nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 61
0, polyamides such as nylon 11 and nylon 12, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, and polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. In particular, nylon 6, nylon 66 or polyethylene terephthalate are effectively used. Ru.
素材等の粉末と熱可塑性合成線状重合体との混練組成物
は、溶融状態にある重合体に粉末を添加混合する通常の
方法により形成することができる。A kneaded composition of a powder such as a raw material and a thermoplastic synthetic linear polymer can be formed by a conventional method of adding and mixing the powder to the polymer in a molten state.
混練組成物は、そのまま常法により溶融紡糸するか、前
述したポリアミド、ポリエステルなどの熱可塑性合成線
状重合体と溶融複合紡糸する。溶融紡糸法としては、通
常のスクリュー型またはプレシャーメルト型の押出紡糸
装置を用いることができるが、複合紡糸する場合には、
太陽熱吸収成分を含む混練組成物を芯、熱可塑性合成線
状重合体を鞘とする芯鞘構造になるように行う。The kneaded composition is melt-spun as it is by a conventional method, or it is melt-spun into composite fibers with the thermoplastic synthetic linear polymer such as the above-mentioned polyamide or polyester. For the melt spinning method, a normal screw type or pressure melt type extrusion spinning device can be used, but in the case of composite spinning,
The kneading composition containing the solar heat absorbing component is kneaded to form a core-sheath structure having a core and a thermoplastic synthetic linear polymer as a sheath.
このようにして紡糸したフィラメントは、単独あるいは
他の繊維と混用して編織され目的とする用途商品に加工
される。他繊維と混用する場合は、混繊、合撚、金糸、
交織、交編その他あらゆる手段を用いることができる。The filaments spun in this manner are knitted or woven alone or mixed with other fibers and processed into products for the intended use. When mixed with other fibers, blended fibers, combined twists, gold threads,
Mixed weaving, mixed knitting, and any other means can be used.
［作用］
本発明において、太陽熱選択吸収成分の主体となる素材
は、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｇｏ、Ｎｉ、ＣＵの酸化物およ
び／または炭化物といった比較的粉砕その他の処理が容
易な太陽エネルギー吸収物質であり、そのうえ各種基材
に対し多様の形態として複合化できるから、広い活用範
囲に適用できる機能がある。[Function] In the present invention, the main material of the solar heat selective absorption component is a solar energy absorbing material that is relatively easy to crush or otherwise process, such as oxides and/or carbides of Cr, Mn, Fe, Go, Ni, and CU. Moreover, since it can be composited into various forms for various base materials, it has a function that can be applied to a wide range of applications.
［実施例］ 以下、実施例に基いて本発明を説明する。[Example] The present invention will be explained below based on Examples.
実施例Ｉ
Ｃｒ、０３を微粉砕した粉末をポリウレタン樹脂バイン
ダー１００重量部に対し２０重量部の比率で混合し、充
分攪拌して均一に分散させた。この分散液をナイロン繊
維の織布基材の片面に塗付したのち、バインダー成分を
硬化した。Example I Finely pulverized powder of Cr,03 was mixed in a ratio of 20 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of a polyurethane resin binder, and thoroughly stirred to uniformly disperse the mixture. After applying this dispersion to one side of a nylon fiber woven fabric base material, the binder component was cured.
このようにして被膜形成したＣｒ、○、膜材は、この被
膜を塗付しないナイロン生地に比べ熱伝導特性が向上し
、加熱保温時の消費熱量は、約２゜５％低下して熱吸収
性能の改善効果が認められた。The Cr, ○, film material coated in this way has improved thermal conductivity compared to nylon fabric without this coating, and the amount of heat consumed during heating and heat retention is reduced by approximately 2.5%, reducing heat absorption. The effect of improving performance was observed.
実施例２
Ｃｒ２０．の微粉末１００重量部にＺｒＣ微粉末１０重
量部を均一混練して融解したナイロン６に２重量％の添
加率で配合し、充分混練して紡糸原料を調整した。この
紡糸原料を、スクリュー型溶融紡糸機により７０ｄのフ
ィラメントとして吐出した。紡糸の段階で糸切れ等の問
題は発生せず、製糸性も良好であった。Example 2 Cr20. 100 parts by weight of ZrC fine powder was homogeneously kneaded with 100 parts by weight of fine powder, and the mixture was blended with melted nylon 6 at an addition rate of 2% by weight, and thoroughly kneaded to prepare a spinning raw material. This spinning raw material was discharged as a 70 d filament using a screw-type melt spinning machine. Problems such as yarn breakage did not occur during the spinning stage, and the yarn spinnability was also good.
上記の太陽熱選択吸収繊維を原糸として平織りのタフタ
を製織した。このようにして得た生地サンプル（実施例
）とナイロン６のみの生地サンプル（比較例）につき太
陽熱による温度上昇度合を比較したところ、実施例の昇
温速度は比較例の昇温速度に比べ約１．２°Ｃ／Ｈｒ早
まることが確認された。A plain-woven taffeta was woven using the above-mentioned solar heat selective absorption fiber as a raw yarn. When comparing the degree of temperature increase due to solar heat for the fabric sample obtained in this way (Example) and the fabric sample made only of nylon 6 (Comparative Example), the temperature increase rate in the Example was approximately It was confirmed that the temperature increased by 1.2°C/Hr.
［発明の効果 ］
以上の通り、本発明によれば、安価かつ処理の容易な素
材を用いた多様形態の太陽熱吸収材を提供することがで
きる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide solar heat absorbing materials in various forms using materials that are inexpensive and easy to process.
従って、太陽熱による保温性が要求される工業部材、農
業部材および建築部材をはじめ、スポーツ、レジャーに
至る巾広い分野の用途に活用することができる。特に、
衣料、カーテン、テント。Therefore, it can be used in a wide range of applications, including industrial, agricultural, and architectural components that require heat retention due to solar heat, as well as sports and leisure. especially,
Clothing, curtains, tents.
温室用シートなどに適用して優れた効能が発揮されるの
で１本発明実施による実用的効果は著しい。The practical effects of carrying out the present invention are remarkable since it exhibits excellent efficacy when applied to greenhouse sheets and the like.
５・ 代理人 弁理士 畠 山 隆。Ｊ5. Agent: Patent attorney Takashi Hatakeyama. J
Claims (6)
および／または炭化物の一種もしくは二種以上を主成分
として含有することを特徴とする太陽熱選択吸収材。(1) A solar heat selective absorber characterized by containing as a main component one or more oxides and/or carbides of metals having atomic numbers between 24 and 29.
の炭化物を添加配合した成分を含有する請求項１記載の
太陽熱選択吸収材。(2) The solar heat selective absorber according to claim 1, which contains a component in which a carbide of a transition metal belonging to Group IV of the periodic table is added as a subcomponent.
る請求項１記載の太陽熱選択吸収材。(3) The solar heat selective absorber according to claim 1, which contains a component to which Al is added as a subcomponent.
またはバインダーを介して有機物あるいは無機物からな
る基材の面に被膜形成してなる請求項１記載の太陽熱選
択吸収材。(4) The solar heat selective absorber according to claim 1, which is obtained by forming a film of the powder of the component according to claim 1, 2, or 3 on the surface of a base material made of an organic or inorganic material, either directly or via a binder.
樹脂成分と混練りしてシート状に成形してなる請求項１
記載の太陽熱選択吸収材。(5) Claim 1 obtained by kneading the powder of the component according to claim 1, 2 or 3 with a constituent resin component and forming it into a sheet shape.
Selective solar heat absorber as described.
性合成線状重合体との混練組成物を溶融紡糸するか、前
記混練組成物と熱可塑性合成線状重合体を溶融複合紡糸
して織物状に成形してなる請求項１記載の太陽熱選択吸
収材。(6) Melt-spinning a kneaded composition of the powder of the components according to claim 1, 2 or 3 and a thermoplastic synthetic linear polymer, or melt composite spinning the kneaded composition and the thermoplastic synthetic linear polymer. The solar heat selective absorber according to claim 1, which is formed into a woven fabric.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63083672A JP2816552B2 (en) | 1988-04-05 | 1988-04-05 | Solar thermal absorber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63083672A JP2816552B2 (en) | 1988-04-05 | 1988-04-05 | Solar thermal absorber |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01256759A true JPH01256759A (en) | 1989-10-13 |
| JP2816552B2 JP2816552B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 |
Family
ID=13808971
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63083672A Expired - Lifetime JP2816552B2 (en) | 1988-04-05 | 1988-04-05 | Solar thermal absorber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2816552B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01268783A (en) * | 1988-04-20 | 1989-10-26 | Descente Ltd | Solar heat selective absorption thermal insulation composite sheet |
| CN102384594A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-03-21 | 许培和 | Flat type solar water heater |
| JP2015049015A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-16 | 日立造船株式会社 | Concentrator |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5538582A (en) * | 1978-09-12 | 1980-03-18 | Nippon Electric Co | Driving device for external electrode type discharge display plate |
| JPS581760A (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1983-01-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Coating composition for solar heat collector surface |
| JPS58217158A (en) * | 1982-06-11 | 1983-12-17 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | solar heat collection surface |
-
1988
- 1988-04-05 JP JP63083672A patent/JP2816552B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5538582A (en) * | 1978-09-12 | 1980-03-18 | Nippon Electric Co | Driving device for external electrode type discharge display plate |
| JPS581760A (en) * | 1981-06-26 | 1983-01-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Coating composition for solar heat collector surface |
| JPS58217158A (en) * | 1982-06-11 | 1983-12-17 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | solar heat collection surface |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01268783A (en) * | 1988-04-20 | 1989-10-26 | Descente Ltd | Solar heat selective absorption thermal insulation composite sheet |
| CN102384594A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-03-21 | 许培和 | Flat type solar water heater |
| JP2015049015A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-16 | 日立造船株式会社 | Concentrator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2816552B2 (en) | 1998-10-27 |
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