JPH0126129B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0126129B2 JPH0126129B2 JP55175587A JP17558780A JPH0126129B2 JP H0126129 B2 JPH0126129 B2 JP H0126129B2 JP 55175587 A JP55175587 A JP 55175587A JP 17558780 A JP17558780 A JP 17558780A JP H0126129 B2 JPH0126129 B2 JP H0126129B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- cooling
- electrically insulating
- insulating powder
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は送配電線路に使用される電気ケーブ
ルの送電容量を増大するためのケーブルの冷却方
法に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for cooling an electric cable used in power transmission and distribution lines to increase its power transmission capacity.
従来ケーブルの送電容量を増大するために種々
の方法が考案されているが、大別すればケーブル
の外部から冷却する外部（直接または間接）冷却
とケーブルの導体を直接冷却する内部直接冷却と
に分れる。後者の内部直接令却はケーブルの全熱
損失の大部分を占める導体損失を直接的に除去し
ようとするもので、大巾な増容量を期待できる最
も有効な冷却方法である。本発明はこの内部直接
冷却に関するもので、従来の方法にない効果と特
徴を有するものである。 Various methods have been devised to increase the power transmission capacity of cables, but they can be broadly divided into external (direct or indirect) cooling, which cools the cable from the outside, and internal direct cooling, which directly cools the cable conductor. Divided. The latter type of internal direct cooling attempts to directly eliminate conductor loss, which accounts for most of the cable's total heat loss, and is the most effective cooling method that can be expected to greatly increase capacity. The present invention relates to this internal direct cooling, and has effects and features not found in conventional methods.
さて、内部直接冷却方法として従来考えられて
いるものに、１水冷、２絶縁油循環冷却、３冷媒
循環冷却、４ヒートパイプ応用の冷却などがある
が、いづれの方法も超高圧長距離送電用ケーブル
に適用するには問題点が多い。すなわち、一番目
の水冷の方法は熱除去能力の良い水を使用するの
で冷却効果が大きく、また粘度が小さいので流体
圧力降下も小さいから、有効な冷却方法として
20KV程度までのケーブルの冷却には使用可能で
あるが、現在最も必要に迫られている275KV、
500KVなどの超高圧ケーブルに実施するには問
題がある。その理由は、水の電気抵抗が低いため
にケーブル終端部における高電圧部からの水の引
出しが困難であり、また万一漏水があれば直ちに
ケーブルの絶縁破壊を招く恐れがあるからであ
る。二番目の絶縁油循環冷却方法の最も大きな問
題点は、ケーブル構造上から油通路径を極端に大
きくすることはできないため、粘度の大きい絶縁
油による流体圧力降下が大きくなり（例えば、
275KV、１×2000sqの導体内部油冷ケーブル
（冷却パイプ内径60mm）の５Km線路においては、
充填油（パイプ内油循環流量５／sec）に、約
10気圧の圧力降下が認められた）、冷却効果を上
げるには区間長が300〜500ｍ程度に制約されてし
まうことである。三番目の冷媒循環冷却方法にお
いては、冷媒の気化ガス体積が液体時の１〜２桁
程度大きくなるためケーブルのように長尺ものの
冷却にはもともと適さない方法であり、また冷媒
循環に使用する機械的要素も煩雑であるという欠
点を持つ。四番目のヒートパイプ応用の冷却方法
も、ヒートパイプそのものの有効長さが高々数ｍ
に限られるので、長距離ルートに適用することは
不可能である。 Now, conventionally considered internal direct cooling methods include 1. water cooling, 2. insulating oil circulation cooling, 3. refrigerant circulation cooling, and 4. cooling using heat pipes, but all of these methods are suitable for ultra-high-voltage long-distance power transmission. There are many problems when applying it to cables. In other words, the first water cooling method uses water with good heat removal ability, so it has a large cooling effect, and its viscosity is low, so the fluid pressure drop is small, so it is an effective cooling method.
It can be used to cool cables up to about 20KV, but 275KV is currently most needed.
There are problems when implementing this method on ultra-high voltage cables such as 500KV. This is because water has a low electrical resistance, making it difficult to draw water out of the high voltage section at the end of the cable, and if water leaks, it may immediately lead to dielectric breakdown of the cable. The biggest problem with the second insulating oil circulation cooling method is that the oil passage diameter cannot be made extremely large due to the cable structure, so the fluid pressure drop due to high viscosity insulating oil becomes large (for example,
In a 5km line of 275KV, 1 x 2000sq conductor internal oil-cooled cable (cooling pipe inner diameter 60mm),
Filling oil (oil circulation flow rate in pipe 5/sec), approx.
(A pressure drop of 10 atm was observed), and the length of the section would be limited to about 300 to 500 m to improve the cooling effect. In the third refrigerant circulation cooling method, the vaporized gas volume of the refrigerant is one to two orders of magnitude larger than when it is in liquid form, so it is not originally suitable for cooling long items such as cables, and it is not suitable for cooling long items such as cables. The mechanical elements also have the disadvantage of being complicated. In the fourth method of cooling using heat pipes, the effective length of the heat pipe itself is several meters at most.
It is impossible to apply it to long-distance routes.
以上述べた如く、従来考案されているケーブル
冷却方法はいづれの方法も超高圧長距離送配電線
路には適用し難いものである。本発明は以上述べ
た如き欠点がなく、いかなるケーブル線路にも有
効に適用できる冷却方法を提供せんとするもので
ある。 As described above, none of the cable cooling methods devised in the past are difficult to apply to ultra-high voltage, long distance power transmission and distribution lines. The present invention aims to provide a cooling method that does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks and can be effectively applied to any cable line.
以下本発明を一実施例の図面に基づいて詳細に
説明する。第１図に本発明の実施例として用いる
ケーブルの断面を示す。但し導体より外側の絶縁
体、金属シースなどの図示は省略してある。ケー
ブル導体１の中央部に設けられた気密金属パイプ
２の内部に比熱の大きい電気絶縁性粉粒体３を充
てんし、これを気体４によつてケーブル長さ方向
に連続して輸送すれば、導体１に発生した熱は気
密金属パイプ２に通して一部は気体４に、大部分
は電気絶縁性粉粒体３内に次第に蓄熱されること
になる。例えば電気絶縁性粉粒体３として高密度
ポリエチレンで作られたペレツトを使用すれば、
その比熱は大きく水と絶縁油の中間にあり、また
熱伝導率も水に近く、絶縁油より大きいので、
100℃程度までの蓄熱材として適している。また
気体４として空気を使用すれば、その熱伝導率は
大きくまた流動する空気と金属パイプ２間の熱伝
達は良好であるので、ケーブルに発生する熱量を
効率よく電気絶縁性粉粒体中に蓄積することがで
きる。しかも空気の流速を絶縁油などの液体の場
合よりも２桁程度大きくしても流体圧力降下は殆
んど問題にならないので（例えば、ケーブル線路
のルート長が５Kmで、内径が60mmの金属パイプに
1ton／secの円柱状のポリエチレンのペレツト
（直径が３mm、長さが１mm）を約３気圧で圧送し
たところ、半分程度の圧力降下が認められた）、
長尺のケーブル線路においても、空気の流速を高
めることによつて如何ほどでも冷却効果を上げる
ことができる。また水を使用する場合と異なり、
空気も電気絶縁性粉粒体も電気絶縁性能が良好で
あるので、いかなる高電圧用にも適用できる。 The present invention will be explained in detail below based on the drawings of one embodiment. FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a cable used as an embodiment of the present invention. However, illustrations of insulators, metal sheaths, etc. outside the conductor are omitted. If the airtight metal pipe 2 provided in the center of the cable conductor 1 is filled with electrically insulating powder 3 having a large specific heat, and this is continuously transported in the length direction of the cable by the gas 4, The heat generated in the conductor 1 passes through the airtight metal pipe 2 and is gradually stored in the gas 4 and the majority in the electrically insulating powder 3. For example, if pellets made of high-density polyethylene are used as the electrically insulating powder 3,
Its specific heat is large, between that of water and insulating oil, and its thermal conductivity is close to that of water, but higher than insulating oil.
Suitable as a heat storage material up to about 100℃. Furthermore, if air is used as the gas 4, its thermal conductivity is high and the heat transfer between the flowing air and the metal pipe 2 is good, so the amount of heat generated in the cable is efficiently transferred to the electrically insulating powder. Can be accumulated. Moreover, even if the flow velocity of air is two orders of magnitude higher than that of liquids such as insulating oil, the fluid pressure drop will hardly be a problem (for example, if the route length of a cable line is 5 km and the inner diameter is 60 mm, to
When cylindrical polyethylene pellets (diameter: 3 mm, length: 1 mm) were fed under pressure of about 3 atm at a rate of 1 ton/sec, a pressure drop of about half was observed.)
Even in long cable lines, the cooling effect can be increased to any extent by increasing the air flow velocity. Also, unlike when using water,
Since both air and electrically insulating powder have good electrical insulation performance, they can be applied to any high voltage applications.
第２図は本発明によるケーブルの冷却システム
例を示すもので、第１図に示した導体を有する単
心ケーブル３条で１回線が構成されている。但し
図中においてケーブルは気密金属パイプ２を以て
代表させている。システムの片側のケーブル終端
部５においては、気密金属パイプ２は連結パイプ
６によつて並列に接続され、他方のケーブル終端
部５′においては２相の終端部のみが連結パイプ
６′によつて並列に接続され、残りの１相の終端
部は別の連結パイプ６″に接続されている。即ち
冷却回路としてケーブル２相が往路となり残りの
１相が帰路となる。勿論図示はしていないが、並
列３相を往路とし、別に布設した１本の輸送管を
帰路とする冷却システムを形成してもよい。いま
空気輸送式の例を説明すると、連結パイプ６′〜
６″には空気圧縮機７、粉粒体供給装置８、冷却
装置９、分離器１０、複数のバルブ１１が連結さ
れて、粉粒体流体輸送回路が形成される。この回
路そのものは現在一般に粉粒体輸送用に使用され
ているものに近いから、詳しく述べるまでもない
が、大気中から空気を取り入れた空気圧縮機７は
適当の圧力の圧縮空気を輸送管内に吹き流すこと
によつて、電気絶縁性粉粒体供給装置８内に貯蔵
された電気絶縁性粉粒体を輸送管内に送り込む。
この電気絶縁性粉粒体は連結パイプ６′を経由し
てケーブル終端部５′から往路のケーブル内の気
密金属パイプ２に送り込まれる。空気および電気
絶縁性粉粒体はケーブル発生熱量を蓄熱しながら
他端のケーブル終端部５に到達し、連結パイプ６
を経由して帰路のケーブル内の気密金属パイプ２
に送り込まれ、ケーブルの発生熱量を蓄熱しなが
らケーブル終端部５′に到達し、連結パイプ６″を
経由して冷却装置に至り、蓄熱した熱を放散す
る。分離器１０は電気絶縁性粉粒体と空気を分離
するもので、空気はここで大気中に放散される。
分離器１０内に集積された電気絶縁性粉粒体は必
要に応じ電気絶縁性粉粒体供給装置８に移送され
る。システム内の複数のバルブ１１は空気の流速
や電気絶縁性粉粒体の流速などを制御するための
ものである。 FIG. 2 shows an example of a cable cooling system according to the present invention, in which one line is composed of three single-core cables having the conductors shown in FIG. 1. However, in the figure, the cable is represented by an airtight metal pipe 2. At the cable termination 5 on one side of the system, the hermetic metal pipes 2 are connected in parallel by a connecting pipe 6, and at the other cable termination 5' only the two phase ends are connected by a connecting pipe 6'. They are connected in parallel, and the terminal end of the remaining one phase is connected to another connecting pipe 6''.In other words, as a cooling circuit, two phases of the cable serve as the outward route and the remaining one phase serves as the return route.Of course, this is not shown. However, it is also possible to form a cooling system in which three parallel phases are used as the outgoing route and a separately installed transport pipe is used as the return route.To explain an example of the air transport type, the connecting pipes 6' to 6'
6'' is connected with an air compressor 7, a powder supply device 8, a cooling device 9, a separator 10, and a plurality of valves 11 to form a powder fluid transport circuit.This circuit itself is currently generally used. There is no need to describe it in detail since it is similar to the one used for transporting powder and granular materials, but the air compressor 7 that takes in air from the atmosphere blows compressed air at an appropriate pressure into the transport pipe. , the electrically insulating powder and granular material stored in the electrically insulating powder supply device 8 is fed into the transport pipe.
This electrically insulating powder is fed from the cable terminal end 5' to the airtight metal pipe 2 in the outgoing cable via the connecting pipe 6'. The air and electrically insulating powder and granules reach the cable termination 5 at the other end while accumulating the heat generated by the cable, and connect to the connecting pipe 6.
Airtight metal pipe in the return cable via 2
It reaches the cable end 5' while storing heat generated by the cable, and reaches the cooling device via the connecting pipe 6'' to dissipate the stored heat.The separator 10 is made of electrically insulating powder particles. It separates the body from the air, where the air is released into the atmosphere.
The electrically insulating powder and granules accumulated in the separator 10 are transferred to the electrically insulating powder supply device 8 as required. A plurality of valves 11 in the system are used to control the flow rate of air, the flow rate of electrically insulating powder, and the like.
以上説明した電気絶縁性粉粒体の流体輸送によ
るケーブルの冷却方法の別の応用例としてカプセ
ル輸送による冷却方法がある。このカプセルは例
えば第３図に示す如く、適当の高比熱電気絶縁材
料例えば高密度ポリエチレンで製造したカプセル
殻１２内に適当な蓄熱材１３を密封して蓄熱能力
を更に高めたものである。例えば水を密封すれ
ば、カプセルの等価比熱を高めることができ、ま
たNa2SO4・10H2OやCaCl2・6H2Oなどの無機水
和塩を密封すれば、その固体から液体への相転位
の際の潜熱エネルギーをも合せ利用することがで
き、いづれの方法によつても蓄熱能力を増大する
ことができる。このカプセルを連結して流体輸送
することによりケーブルの冷却効果を著しく高め
ることが可能である。 Another application example of the cable cooling method using fluid transport of electrically insulating powder described above is a cooling method using capsule transport. This capsule, as shown in FIG. 3, has a heat storage capacity further increased by sealing a suitable heat storage material 13 within a capsule shell 12 made of a suitable high specific heat electrical insulating material such as high density polyethylene. For example, sealing water can increase the equivalent specific heat of the capsule, and sealing inorganic hydrated salts such as Na 2 SO 4 .10H 2 O and CaCl 2 .6H 2 O can change their solid to liquid state. The latent heat energy during phase transition can also be used, and either method can increase the heat storage capacity. By connecting these capsules to transport fluid, it is possible to significantly enhance the cooling effect of the cable.
第１図は本発明において使用するケーブルの一
部省略横断面図、第２図はこのケーブルを使用し
た冷却システムの模式図、第３図は電気絶縁性粉
粒体の他の実施例を示す断面図である。
１……ケーブル導体、２……気密金属パイプ、
３……電気絶縁性粉粒体、４……気体、５，５′
……ケーブル終端部、６，６′，６″……連結パイ
プ、７……空気圧縮機、８……粉粒体供給装置、
９……冷却装置、１０……分離器、１１……バル
ブ、１２……カプセル殻、１３……蓄熱材。
Fig. 1 is a partially omitted cross-sectional view of the cable used in the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cooling system using this cable, and Fig. 3 shows another example of electrically insulating powder. FIG. 1...Cable conductor, 2...Airtight metal pipe,
3... Electrically insulating powder, 4... Gas, 5,5'
... Cable end, 6, 6', 6'' ... Connection pipe, 7 ... Air compressor, 8 ... Powder supply device,
9... Cooling device, 10... Separator, 11... Valve, 12... Capsule shell, 13... Heat storage material.
Claims (1)
に導入された比熱の大きな電気絶縁性粉粒体を、
気体によつて前記気密のパイプの長さ方向に添つ
て連続輸送し、前記気体および電気絶縁性粉粒体
に前記ケーブル導体の発生熱を蓄熱させることを
特徴とするケーブルの冷却方法。 ２ 電気絶縁性粉粒体が、高密度のポリエチレン
のペレツト材である特許請求の範囲第１項記載の
ケーブルの冷却方法。 ３ 電気絶縁性粉粒体が、カプセル殻と、該殻内
に封入された比熱の大きい媒体とからなる特許請
求の範囲第１項記載のケーブルの冷却方法。 ４ カプセル殻が電気絶縁性材料で形成されてい
る特許請求の範囲第３項記載のケーブルの冷却方
法。 ５ 媒体が水もしくは、無気水和塩である特許請
求の範囲第３項記載のケーブルの冷却方法。[Claims] 1. Electrically insulating powder and granules with a large specific heat introduced into an airtight pipe provided in the center of a cable conductor,
A method for cooling a cable, characterized in that the gas is continuously transported along the length of the airtight pipe, and the heat generated by the cable conductor is stored in the gas and electrically insulating powder. 2. The cable cooling method according to claim 1, wherein the electrically insulating powder is a high-density polyethylene pellet material. 3. The method of cooling a cable according to claim 1, wherein the electrically insulating granular material comprises a capsule shell and a medium having a high specific heat enclosed within the shell. 4. The cable cooling method according to claim 3, wherein the capsule shell is formed of an electrically insulating material. 5. The cable cooling method according to claim 3, wherein the medium is water or an airless hydrated salt.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55175587A JPS57101306A (en) | 1980-12-12 | 1980-12-12 | Method of cooling cable |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55175587A JPS57101306A (en) | 1980-12-12 | 1980-12-12 | Method of cooling cable |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57101306A JPS57101306A (en) | 1982-06-23 |
| JPH0126129B2 true JPH0126129B2 (en) | 1989-05-22 |
Family
ID=15998681
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP55175587A Granted JPS57101306A (en) | 1980-12-12 | 1980-12-12 | Method of cooling cable |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57101306A (en) |
-
1980
- 1980-12-12 JP JP55175587A patent/JPS57101306A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57101306A (en) | 1982-06-23 |
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