JPH0126739B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pulverizer, and in particular, a pulverizer that selectively passes particles of a predetermined particle size or less is molded into a cylindrical shape and rotated, and air blown out from an air purge pipe fixed to the casing side is formed into a cylindrical shape and rotated. The screen is sprayed onto the outer surface of the screen to prevent clogging thereof, and a rotating frame is added to the screen to rotate the screen. The present invention relates to a pulverizer which prevents the screen from clogging and at the same time prevents fine powder from adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the casing by providing a means for removing fine powder such as a purge pipe.

A so-called impact crusher is a crusher that crushes input raw materials by rotating a rotating body equipped with crushing tools such as pins, rotary cutters, and hammers, and collects particles of a specified particle size or less that have passed through a screen as a product. In conventional machines, particles that cannot pass through the screen and have a particle size approximately equal to that of the screen mesh adhere to the inner surface of the screen, clogging the screen, which causes a reduction in processing capacity.

In addition, the fine powder contained in the particles that have passed through the screen is scattered along with the outward air flow in the circumferential direction induced within the casing as the rotating body rotates, and some of it may adhere to the inner circumferential surface of the casing or cause damage to the product. As a result, as with the clogging of the screen, the throughput of the casing decreases with the passage of operating time, as it accumulates in the discharge passage, particularly in the lower half passage of the casing, and eventually blocks it.

Therefore, in the case of this type of crusher, after a certain period of operation, the casing is opened to remove particles adhering to the screen, adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the casing, or fine powder clogging the product discharge passage. Not only does this require a lot of work, which makes continuous operation impossible and reduces the operating rate of the machine, but it also involves removing adhered particles or fine powder, disassembling and reassembling the machine, and these tasks The number of man-hours increased, leading to a decrease in productivity. In addition, especially when the raw material is food, bacteria grow on the attached particles or fine powder over time, causing contamination.

In view of the various problems mentioned above caused by clogging of the screen in this type of crusher, adhesion of fine powder to the inner peripheral surface of the casing, etc., the present inventors have determined that these problems can be effectively solved.
The present invention was made to solve the problem in a rational manner.
The first purpose is to mold the screen into a cylindrical shape so as to cover the outer periphery of the rotating body, support it rotatably, and place the air purge pipe on the casing side so that the opening faces the outside of the screen. fixed,
Blowing out compressed air from the air purge pipe to the outer surface of the screen while rotating the screen,
Particles attached to the screen are scattered and removed sequentially over the entire circumference of the screen to prevent clogging of the screen,
To provide a pulverizer that improves processing capacity and production efficiency, supports a screen as a single unit in a removable manner, allows for complete cleaning, facilitates maintenance, and can also be made into a sanitary structure. be.

A second object of the present invention is to rotatably support a rotary frame in addition to the screen, and a scraper and an air purge pipe are provided so as to rotate the rotary frame so as to face the inner surface of the rotary frame. By scraping or scattering the fine powder adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating frame using a fine powder removing means such as It prevents clogging of the product discharge passage due to accumulation, and in addition to the above-mentioned first purpose, continuous operation is possible without reducing processing capacity, and the operating rate is high, which can also lead to improved productivity. There is a crusher to offer.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cutaway side view of the main part of the crusher, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2--2 in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining the crushing process.

In the figure, 1 is the casing, which is the outer case 2.
The lid body 3 is formed into a substantially hollow cylindrical shape, and the lid body 3
A cylindrical raw material input port 4 that opens obliquely upward is formed in the center of the casing 1, and a product discharge port 5 that opens downward and narrows downward is formed in the lower part of the casing 1. The outlets 4, 5 each communicate with the casing interior 1a. Note that 4a and 5a are piping connection flanges. Also, the rear wall 2 of the outer case 2
A shaft through hole 2b is formed in the central part of a, and a shaft 6 passes through the through hole 2b from the rear, and the shaft 6 is rotatable and horizontally supported at the rear by bearings 7. , the tip of this faces the casing inner chamber 1a, and the rotating disk 8 is mounted vertically at the end with a nut 9.
and is connected to rotate together with the shaft 6,
On the other hand, its rear end is connected to a drive device such as a motor (not shown). Further, the passage of the shaft 6 into the casing 1 is made airtight as required by a sealing mechanism 10 such as an oil seal or a mechanical seal fitted in a seal box 2c of the shaft penetrating portion of the casing 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, pins 11..., 12... are fixed on the circumference of the front surface 8a of the rotating disk 8 with different diameters at equal pitches and perpendicular to the surface 8a. On the other hand, on the inner surface of the lid body 3 of the casing 1, pins 13..., 14... are fixed at equal pitches on the inner diameter of the pins 11..., 12... and on the intermediate diameter circumference of the pins 11..., 12... has been done.

On the other hand, 15 and 16 are a screen provided so as to cover the outer periphery of the rotating disk 8, and a rotating frame located outside the screen and facing it across the space S. The screen 15 is made of wire mesh, cloth, or It is formed into a cylindrical shape with a perforated plate, etc., and the rotating frame 16
are formed into cylindrical shapes with different diameters from steel plates, etc., and these 15 and 16 are integrally connected at the base, and the base and the outer circumferential surface of the open end of the rotating frame 16 are connected to a sliding plate fixed to the casing 1 side. Guide member 17,1
It is rotatably and removably held at 8. An air purge pipe 19 passes through the casing 1 and is fixed to the upper part of the space S formed between the screen 15 and the rotating frame 16 so as to face the outer surface of the screen 15. An air outlet such as a slit (not shown) is formed in the same direction as the axial length of the screen 15, and this 19 is connected to a compressed air supply source such as a compressor (not shown). Further, a knife-shaped scraper 30 is fixed to the casing 1 side in the upper part of the space S so as to come into contact with the inner surface of the rotating frame 16.

Note that the air purge pipe 19 and the scraper 30
The installation location is not limited to the above location, but can be set arbitrarily within the space S.

Further, a large gear 20 is fitted on the outer periphery of the rotating frame 16 so as to rotate together with the rotating frame 16, while a large gear 20 is fitted on the lower part of the casing 1 and is separately installed outside the casing 1 to mesh with the large gear 20. A small gear 22 fitted to the end of the wheel shaft 21a of the reduced speed reducer 21 is installed inside. A pulley 23 is fitted onto the pinion shaft 21b of the reducer 21, and the pulley 23 includes a pulley 24 fitted between the bearings 7 and 7 of the shaft 6, and a belt 25 stretched between these pulleys 23 and 24.
The shaft 6 is configured to interlock with the shaft 6 via the shaft 6.

Next, an example of the raw material pulverization process will be outlined based on FIG. A raw material hopper E is connected to the pipe between the filter B and the crusher A via a rotary valve 27.

The air sucked and pressurized by the blower C passes through the filter B and is purified, and then is sent to the raw material hopper E.
The raw material is mixed with a predetermined amount of raw material supplied from the rotary valve 27 through the rotary valve 27, and the raw material is forced into the pulverizer A through the raw material inlet 4 and charged. Grinding machine A
The raw materials input into the cyclone inlet are pulverized through a processing process as described below, and particles with a predetermined particle size or less are discharged together with air from the product outlet 5, and then transferred to the cyclone inlet 2.
6 into the cyclone D, where the particles and air are separated, and the particles are recovered as a product from below via the rotary valve 28, while the air is discharged upward from the discharge port 29.

According to this embodiment, raw materials can be pulverized aseptically.

The pulverizing process of raw materials by this pulverizer will be explained below based on FIGS. 1 and 2, and its functions and effects will be clarified.

The shaft 6 is rotated at high speed by a drive device such as a motor (not shown), and a rotating disk 8 is integrally connected to the shaft 6, and pins 11..., 12 are fixed to the disk 8.
... also rotates at high speed within the casing 1. On the other hand, axis 6
The rotation is transmitted to the pinion shaft 21b of the reducer 21 via the pulley 24, belt 25, and pulley 23, and further transmitted to the large gear 20 via the wheel shaft 21a and the small gear 22, and is integrated with the large gear 20. A screen 15 configured to rotate is rotated relative to the casing 1. At this time, the rotation transmitted to the screen 15 is decelerated in two stages by the reducer 21 and large and small gears 20 and 22.
The rotational speed of the screen 15 is significantly lower than that of the rotating disk 8, and the screen 15 rotates at an extremely low speed.

If the raw material is introduced into the casing 1 from the raw material input port 4 in such a state, the raw material will be inserted into the pins 11..., 12.
are crushed by the rotation of..., and particles with a predetermined particle size or less pass through the screen 15 and flow out from the product discharge port 5 mixed with the air.
Particles that cannot pass through the screen 15 adhere.
However, these adhered particles are scattered and removed by the compressed air flow jetted from the slit opening of the air purge pipe 19, and since the screen 15 is rotating at this time, the screen 15
The compressed air is injected over the entire outer circumferential surface of the screen 15, and the adhering particles are effectively scattered and removed sequentially over the entire circumference of the screen 15.
No clogging will occur.

In such a configuration, the fine powder in the particles that have been crushed and passed through the screen 15 is scattered outward in the circumferential direction along with the air flow induced within the casing 1 as the rotating disk 8 rotates, and some of the fine powder is scattered outward in the circumferential direction. is rotating frame 1
6. Adheres to the inner peripheral surface. However, the rotating frame 16
is rotating as described above, so that the adhering fine powder is successively and effectively scraped off by the scraper 30 that is in sliding contact with the inner surface of the rotating frame 16, so that the fine powder is not adhering to the rotating frame 16 and furthermore to the inner circumferential surface of the casing 1. , it does not form a thick layer, nor does it allow fines to build up and block the passages.

In this way, in this embodiment, the clogging of the screen can be prevented, and at the same time, the adhesion of fine powder to the inner circumferential surface of the casing and the blockage of the passage due to the accumulation of fine powder are also prevented, so that the throughput capacity is reduced due to clogging and blockage. Continuous operation is possible without causing any deterioration, and it is possible to improve the operating rate of the machine and, by extension, improve productivity.

Furthermore, since the screen 15 is formed into a cylindrical shape, its strength and rigidity can be improved, and the passage area can also be expanded.

Furthermore, since the screen 15 is configured to be detachable from the casing 1, it can be cleaned completely and maintenance can be facilitated, and if stainless steel is used as the constituent material, it can be made into a sanitary structure. It's also very hygienic.

In this embodiment, a scraper is used as the means for removing fine particles, but instead of this, as shown in FIG.
Even if the scraper 30 is ejected toward the inner surface of the scraper 30, the same effect as described above can be obtained. The shaft 6 serves as a rotational drive means for the screen 15 and the rotating frame 16.
Although a drive is shown using part of the power input to the drive, an independent rotary drive device having a separate drive source may also be used.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a rotatable screen and its clogging prevention air purge pipe are applied to a vertical crusher.

That is, a rotatably supported shaft 106 is passed through the center of the upper surface of the casing 101, which is provided with a raw material input port 104 and a product discharge port 105 at the top and bottom, respectively, and the tip of the shaft 106 faces the casing inner chamber 101a. A plurality of rotating cutters 111 are fitted in the casing 101, and the shaft penetrating portion of the casing 101 is hermetically sealed by a sealing mechanism 110 as required. On the other hand, a screen 115 is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the rotating cutter 111, and a cylindrical rotating frame 116 is provided outside the screen 115 to face this with a space in between. and the casing 101
It is rotatably supported. In this case, the rotating frame 116 also serves as a part of the casing 101. A large gear 1 is mounted on the outer periphery of the rotating frame 116.
20 is fitted, and a small gear 122 connected to a rotation drive means (not shown) meshes with this large gear 120.

In the space _S1 formed between the casing 101 and the screen 115, a bent air purge pipe 119 that opens to the outer surface of the screen 115 is fixed to an arbitrary location of the casing 101, and
It is connected to a compressed air supply source (not shown).

In this way, the raw material inputted from the raw material input port 104 is pulverized by the rotation of the rotary cutters 111, and the particles that have passed through the screen 115 are discharged as a product from the product discharge port 105 together with air. At this time, the particles attached to the inner peripheral surface of the screen 115 are
As the screen 115 rotates, the compressed air jetted from the air purge pipe 119 sequentially effectively removes the scattered particles.
There is no clogging as in No. 5, and the same effects as described above can be expected in this example as well.

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, while rotating the screen, compressed air jetted from the air purge pipe is injected onto the outer surface of the screen to effectively scatter and remove particles attached to the screen. As a result, it is possible to prevent clogging of the screen and improve processing capacity, production efficiency, etc. Also, since the screen is configured to be detachable as a single unit, cleaning of the screen can be completed and maintenance can be simplified. It is also possible to create a sanitary structure.

According to the present invention, in addition to the screen, a rotatable frame and a means for removing fine particles such as a scraper or an air purge pipe are provided to face the inner surface of the frame, and the inner surface of the frame is removed while the frame is rotated. Since the fine powder adhering to the peripheral surface is scraped off or scattered by the fine powder removing means, it prevents clogging of the screen and at the same time prevents fine powder from adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the casing and blocking the product passage due to the accumulation of fine powder. Blockage can also be prevented, and in addition to the above effects, continuous operation is possible without reducing processing capacity, and it is possible to improve the operating rate of the machine and, by extension, productivity.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1 is a cutaway side view of the main part of the crusher, and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the crusher.
Line sectional view, Figure 3 is a block diagram for explaining the pulverization process, Figure 4 is a diagram showing a method for removing fine powder using an air purge pipe as a method for removing fine powder, and Figure 5
The figure is a sectional view of the main parts of a vertical crusher as a modified embodiment. In the drawing, 1,101 is the casing, 6,106
8 is a shaft, 8 is a rotating disk, 15, 115 is a screen, 16, 116 is a rotating frame, 19, 119 is an air purge pipe, 30, 130 is a scraper and air purge pipe as a means for removing fine powder, A is a crusher , B is a filter, C is a blower, D is a cyclone, and E is a raw material hopper.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a crusher that rotates a rotating body equipped with crushing tools such as pins, rotary cutters, hammers, etc. in a casing to crush raw materials, and collects particles with a predetermined particle size or less that have passed through a screen as a product, the outer periphery of the rotating body A cylindrical screen surrounding the cylindrical screen and a rotary frame located outside the cylindrical screen and facing the cylindrical screen with a space therebetween are integrally connected at their respective bases to be rotatably supported, and the inner surface of the screen is An air purge pipe is fixed to the casing side to face the outer surface of the screen, and a fine powder removal means is fixed to the casing side to face the inner surface of the rotating frame so as to scatter and remove the attached particles to the inside of the screen in the radial direction. A pulverizer, characterized in that it is provided with a rotation drive means for rotating the pulverizer.