JPH0129224Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing a paraffin wax-like substance.

Polymer plastics with self-combustibility, such as polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, or polystyrene resin, take advantage of their characteristics to
It is widely used for a variety of purposes, including various containers, wire sheathing materials, pipe materials, and other packaging materials.
When these polymeric plastics are no longer used due to deterioration over time or other reasons, they have conventionally been disposed of by incineration or landfilling.

However, it is undesirable to dispose of used polymer plastic products as is from the standpoint of utilizing and reusing valuable resources, and the economic loss caused by the disposal of resources is large. Incineration or landfilling of the above-mentioned polymeric plastics has even led to the occurrence of secondary pollution.

In addition, although equipment for recycling the above-mentioned polymeric plastics is available, conventional recycling processes require a large amount of energy and expensive machinery and equipment, so the manufacturing cost of recycled plastics is less expensive. The disadvantage was that it was expensive and impractical.

The present invention is an apparatus for producing paraffin wax-like substances useful for fuel and other uses from used polymer plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene, and in particular, an apparatus for accelerating the thermal decomposition reaction of polymer plastics. The object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing a paraffin wax-like substance that can promote thermal decomposition and ensure normal thermal decomposition.

The specific aspects of the device according to the present invention will be explained in more detail as follows.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a tank for receiving a paraffin wax-like melt that is supported by supporting legs. An air introduction adjustment port 3 is provided for adjusting the amount of oxygen inside the tank.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a combustion basket mounted on and integrally fixed to the upper end opening of the tank 1. The upper and lower ends of the basket 4 are open, and the lower end opening is connected to the upper end of the tank 1. In addition to being located inside the opening, a rostol 6 having a large number of paraffin wax-like melt passage holes 5 is seated horizontally inside the basket 4, and a rostol 6 is located near and above the rostol 6. Numerous oxygen suction holes 7 are bored in the peripheral wall of the basket.

The inner circumferential wall of the combustion basket 4 and the circumferential wall of the roaster 6 are coated with ceramic. That is, heat-resistant aggregate such as aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, chromium oxide, clay, etc. is applied to the surface of steel, stainless steel, heat-resistant alloy, etc. as the material of the combustion basket 4 and the roaster 6 using barium borosilicate glass. It is a fireproof and insulating structure coated by thermal spraying and fusion bonding.

8 is a pyrolysis catalyst tank for promoting pyrolysis suspended from the lower end opening of the combustion basket 4,
The pyrolysis catalyst tank 8 has a cylindrical shape with its upper and lower ends open, and has a large number of mesh holes 9 formed in its cylindrical peripheral wall, and a cylindrical shape surrounded by the peripheral wall. Inside the shaped wall, a countless number of catalyst wires 10 are suspended, extending in almost all directions, including vertically, horizontally, and multi-angle diagonally. The catalyst wire 10 is made of a metal material, and although the specific material of the metal material is not limited, it is more preferable that the catalyst wire 10 is made of a metal material that can most effectively promote the thermal decomposition reaction and has a high durability. It is better to use metal materials such as platinum, platinum alloy materials, or cupronickel, which have excellent properties.

Reference numeral 11 denotes an air balancer that is attached to the outer periphery of the combustion basket 4 at a predetermined interval to surround it.
An air introduction opening 12 is formed at the lower end opening of 1.

13 is a hopper for charging raw materials, 14 is a conveyor for transporting raw materials, and 15 is an exhaust tower.

In the above configuration, when producing a paraffin wax-like substance useful for fuel etc. from polymeric plastic, the process is as follows.

Among polymeric plastics, organic solids having self-combustibility, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or polystyrene, are used as raw materials. For these polymeric plastics, it is most effective to use used products in order to recycle resources.

Here, to investigate the characteristics of polyethylene, which is used as an example of a polymeric plastic with self-combustibility, it is important to note that even if non-crosslinked or low-crosslinked polyethylene is ignited, the ignition point and its surroundings will be localized. It has a so-called self-extinguishing property in that it simply melts and this molten material covers unignited areas of the polyethylene and prevents combustion. Therefore, in order to burn or thermally decompose this type of polyethylene, it is necessary to separately apply thermal energy from the outside.

On the other hand, hyperlinked polyethylene has self-combustion properties that allow it to sustain combustion once ignited, and the combustion temperature can reach approximately 900 degrees Celsius or even higher.

Therefore, as raw material A, highly crosslinked polyethylene having self-combustion ability is used as a means for heating polyethylene to the temperature required to form a paraffin wax-like product.
As the polyethylene for pyrolysis to be used to form the paraffin wax-like product, of course, highly crosslinked polyethylene having self-combustion ability can be used.
Non-crosslinked or low-crosslinked polyethylene, or a mixture thereof can also be used.

Although polyethylene was shown above as an example of raw material A, the same applies to polypropylene or polystyrene, for example.

Therefore, the above raw material A is transferred to the raw material conveyor 1.
4, and a predetermined amount of raw material A is charged onto the roistle 6 inside the combustion basket 4 through the raw material charging hopper 13.

When the polyethylene for combustion among the raw materials A inside the combustion basket 4 is ignited, the polyethylene for combustion starts to burn, and the thermal energy causes the polyethylene for pyrolysis to burn at the same time, continuing the combustion state. Causes a thermal decomposition reaction.

A few minutes after the start of combustion, the paraffin wax-like melt B, which is obtained by melting the raw material A and becoming a liquid, is separated from the non-flammable material, passes through the many holes 5 of the roistle 6, and falls in the form of drops. It reaches the inside of the thermal decomposition catalyst tank 8. Then, inside the thermal decomposition catalyst tank 8, the metal catalyst wire 10 extended innumerably is hit and temporarily stored, and then it further falls and is stored at the inner bottom of the tank 1.

Paraffin wax-like melt C inside tank 1
is in a boiling and molten state at a high temperature, and initially continues to burn while combining with the oxygen in the air inside the tank 1. After that, the inside of the tank 1 becomes a high temperature oxygen-deficient state, so that the catalytic action of the melt C inside the tank 1 and the paraffin wax-like melt B passing through the catalyst tank 8 is promoted, and the inside of the combustion basket 4 is heated. This not only promotes the thermal decomposition reaction of melts B and C that were not sufficiently thermally decomposed, but also causes a portion of them to vaporize during the thermal decomposition reaction of melts B and C due to the oxygen-deficient condition inside tank 1, resulting in a large amount of Generates flammable high-temperature gas G.

The flammable high-temperature gas G generated from the inside of the tank 1 passes through the inside of the catalyst tank 8 and its mesh-like pores 9 and rises. The thermal decomposition reaction is promoted by contacting the droplet-shaped melt B which is temporarily retained in contact with gas in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere.

When the combustible high-temperature gas G that has further risen from the catalyst tank 8 reaches the vicinity of the rostrum 6, the oxygen in the air, which is introduced from the air introduction opening 12 of the air balancer 11, is mixed with each oxygen in the combustion basket 4. Thermal energy due to self-combustion of the raw material A and the flammable high-temperature gas G are inhaled through the suction hole 7.
As a result, primary combustion and thermal decomposition reactions are synergistically promoted inside the combustion basket 4. In this case, the combustible high-temperature gas G fed into the combustion basket 4 from the bottom direction is completely combusted near the rostre 6, so the area around the rostrum 6 tends to be constantly deficient in oxygen. A large amount of atmospheric oxygen is sucked in from the oxygen suction hole 7 of the combustion basket 4 to continue the combustion state.

Therefore, the flammable high-temperature gas G is combined with the oxygen in the air from the oxygen suction hole 7, and each oxygen suction hole A flame is generated from the combustion basket 7 and effectively heats the inside of the combustion basket 4.

That is, among the oxygen suction holes 7 of the combustion basket 4, a large amount of atmospheric oxygen is taken in from the lower oxygen suction hole 7 located closer to the rooster 6 toward the vicinity of the rooster 6, and a large amount of atmospheric oxygen is sucked upward. A small amount of atmospheric oxygen is inhaled from the oxygen suction hole 7 located toward the vicinity of the rostre 6, and therefore,
A powerful flame is generated from the lower oxygen suction hole 7, while a weaker flame is generated from the upper oxygen suction hole 7, and both heat locally and intensively toward the vicinity of the roistle 6. Therefore, an extremely large amount of thermal energy for combustion and thermal decomposition is generated for the new raw material A supplied onto the Rostr 6, and at the same time,
The high-temperature gas G is prevented from leaking to the outside through each oxygen suction hole 7.

Moreover, of the air introduced through the air introduction opening 12 of the air balancer 11, other nitrogen, etc., except for the oxygen sucked into the combustion basket 4 through each oxygen intake hole 7, are
Since the outer periphery of the combustion basket 4 is raised to cool the outer wall surface of the combustion basket 4, although the vicinity of the roistle 6 is in a high temperature state, the peripheral wall of the combustion basket 4 is in a relatively low temperature state.

Further, the combustible high-temperature gas G returned from the bottom of the combustion basket 4 is mixed with countless amounts of particulate carbon. This carbon may adhere to the inner wall surface of the combustion basket 4 and the peripheral wall surface of the roistle 6 and block each oxygen intake hole 7 of the combustion basket 4 and each hole 5 of the roistle 6. When the holes 7 and 5 are blocked, the combustion basket 4
Since the inside of the combustion basket 4 becomes a combustion furnace, it is necessary to ensure that each of the holes 7 and 5 is open at all times in order to promote combustion and thermal decomposition reaction inside the combustion basket 4 at the same time. In this device,
The inner wall surface of the combustion basket 4 and the rooster 6
Ceramic coating is applied to the peripheral wall surfaces of the cylinder, which prevents the carbon from adhering to these walls. Then, the countless particulate carbon mixed and suspended in the combustible high-temperature gas G is incorporated into the raw material A inside the combustion basket 4 and completely combusted, so that the gas discharged from the combustion basket 4 through the exhaust tower 15 is harmless. It is a transparent gas and poses no risk of causing air pollution.

The paraffin wax-like product produced in this way can be used as it is as a liquid fuel, or the molten product can be cooled (natural cooling is also possible) to solidify it and used as a solid fuel, or It can also be effectively used as a lost wax casting material and various other uses of paraffin wax, such as compounding agents, fillers, extenders, and abrasives.
Furthermore, its uses are extremely wide, such as mixing flammable auxiliary materials with the solid fuel and using it as a separate new solid fuel, or processing the solid fuel into powder and using it as powdered fuel. It is a useful substance.

In particular, the paraffin wax-like substance purified from polymeric plastic by this device has excellent properties as a fuel, and has a low flash point and is easily ignited due to its phosphorus content. and
In addition, as a result of a calorific value test, the calorific value was over 11,240 cal/g.

The following experimental results were obtained regarding the combustion temperature as a fuel. That is, a solid substance of the above-mentioned paraffin wax-like substance is charged into a combustion furnace, ignited and burned, and after about 15 minutes, a large amount of air is sent in from a blower while a powder of the same substance is continuously introduced, and the temperature inside the furnace is lowered. When measured with an infrared radiation thermometer, it was approximately 10
After 30 minutes, the temperature at the center of the furnace reached approximately 1,500℃, and when we continued to add powder and blow air from the blower, the temperature at the center of the furnace reached approximately 2,000℃ after approximately 30 minutes.
In some cases, the temperature reached even higher.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, but can also be applied to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, for example.

In particular, the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 has a structure in which no thermal decomposition catalyst tank is provided, and the apparatus shown in Fig. 6 has two combustion baskets 4a and 4b installed in series. , each combustion basket 4a,
4b is provided with roost bottles 6a, 6b and thermal decomposition catalyst layers 8a, 8b, respectively, and the inner wall surfaces of these combustion baskets 4a, 4b and each rostol 6a, 6b are also coated with ceramic as described above. has been done. Furthermore, the apparatus shown in FIG. 7 has a structure in which two rostles 6c and 6d are placed horizontally inside the combustion basket 4c. Ceramic coating is also applied to each peripheral wall surface of 6d to prevent the adhesion of carbon floating in the gas and the clogging of each hole due to the adhesion of carbon. Examples are also included within the scope of the invention.

Since the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, it exhibits various excellent effects as described below.

a. We have been able to produce a low-cost paraffin wax-like substance useful for fuel, etc. from used polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and other polymeric plastic products, making the most of valuable resources. Moreover, the paraffin wax-like substance produced by this device is 80%
We were able to achieve a high yield of more than 20%.

b. Also, if this device is used, the raw material will be effectively heated by the return of flammable high-temperature gas, so
No separate supply of thermal energy is required during the combustion and thermal decomposition of raw materials, and the energy-saving effect is enormous.

In particular, since ceramic coating is applied to the inner wall surface of the combustion basket and the peripheral wall surface of the rooster, countless particulates mixed in and floating in the flammable high-temperature gas returned from the bottom of the combustion basket are removed. By preventing carbon from adhering, there is no risk of clogging the oxygen intake holes of the combustion basket and the holes of the rooster. Therefore, the normal first
Subsequent combustion and pyrolysis reactions can be ensured over time.

d Also, due to the heat insulating effect of the ceramic coating applied to the inner wall of the combustion basket,
The high heat generated inside the basket is conducted through the basket wall and prevented from being released to the outside, maintaining a high-temperature atmosphere inside the furnace, so that the primary thermal decomposition reaction takes place inside the basket. In addition to being accelerated by acceleration, the outer wall surface of the combustion basket is in a relatively low temperature state, and the peripheral wall of the combustion basket does not become high temperature due to the cooling effect of nitrogen in the air by the air balancer.
Since expensive fireproof materials are not used, there is no risk of thermal damage or thermal deformation. Therefore, the cause of failure is minimized, the device has excellent durability, does not require periodic maintenance and repair, and allows continuous operation of the device.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the entire device showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the entire device showing a modification, and Figs. 3 and 4 are main parts of each modification. FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 4, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are longitudinal sectional views of main parts showing still other modifications. 1 is a paraffin wax-like melt receiving tank; 4, 4a, 4b, and 4c are combustion baskets;
5 is a hole for passage of a paraffin wax-like melt;
6, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d are rostle, 7 is oxygen suction hole, 8, 8a, 8b is thermal decomposition catalyst tank, 11
is an air balancer.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A combustion basket is provided at the upper end of the paraffin wax-like molten material receiving tank, with openings at the top and bottom ends and a large number of oxygen intake holes on the surrounding wall, and the rostol is placed horizontally inside the basket. An apparatus for producing a paraffin wax-like substance, characterized in that an inner wall surface of the combustion basket and a peripheral wall surface of the rooster are coated with ceramic.