JPH01300856A - Moist pellet feed for pisciculture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject feed containing large amount of raw feed, free from adhesion of the pellets and flotation on water surface and having high hardness, at a low cost, by adding a polyacrylic acid (salt) as a component of a binder to a raw feed and a powdery formula feed and kneading the components. CONSTITUTION:The objective feed can be produced by kneading (A) >=50 pts.wt. of raw feed prepared by mincing or filleting a fish such as horse mackerel or sardine with (B) <=50 pts.wt. of a powdery formula feed composed mainly of fish meal and mixing the obtained mixture with (C) 0.5-10wt.% (based on the weight of the objective pellet) of sodium carboxymethylcellulose having a viscosity of >=1,000cps as 1% aqueous solution at 25 deg.C and (D) <=10wt.% (based on the component C) of a polyacrylic acid (salt) (e.g., potassium salt) having particle size passing through 16 mesh sieve and an average molecular weight of 200,000-1,000,000.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a most pelleted fish feed in which raw feed is used in an amount equal to or more than the powdered compounded feed.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, fish feed in the form of mashed pellets has come into widespread use in the cultivation of yellowtail, sea bream, coho salmon, salmon, and the like.

Moist pellets, as the name suggests, are pellets that contain a lot of water, and are generally used for mackerel, sardine, saury, mackerel, sand eel, etc.
Other small fish etc., either unfrozen or after being frozen,
These raw baits are mixed with a powdered compounded feed consisting of fishmeal, minerals, vegetable oil cake, grains, corns, growth promoters, seaweed, etc., and a binder, and the mixture is pelletized.

Raw bait can be used in minced, sliced, or filleted form, and the water contained in the mortar pellets consists of the water coming out of the fish in the live bait and the water contained in the mixed feed. /For compound feed-515, the water content is approximately 5
The present invention relates to such a moist pelleted fish feed with a high moisture content.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Although most pellets have the advantage of being difficult to disperse in seawater, have a low mortality rate of fish, and allow fish to grow quickly, they are not economically viable due to the high cost of compound feed and binder. It is said that there is a problem.

Since raw food such as sardines is cheap, it is economical to increase the raw food ratio as much as possible, but the raw food ratio is 50%.
In the above case, known binders, sodium alginate,
If guar gum, sodium polyacrylate, carboxymethylcellulose, etc. are used alone, sufficient binding strength cannot be obtained, and the amount of binding agent added must be considerably increased.
There are problems such as the product floating on water and pellets sticking together, making it impossible to obtain a shape that is easy for fish to eat. It was not possible to obtain a product that was practical to hold.

Here, water floating refers to the fact that the ice in the frozen live bait contained in the moist pellets is thawed at outside temperature, and water floats to the surface of the moist pellets.The occurrence of this water floating is the cause of adhesion between the pellets. This becomes a problem, especially in the summer.

Therefore, in the present invention, we focused on the binder that plays the most important role when producing most pellets as fish feed. The purpose of this project is to develop a binder that can obtain most pellets without bonding between them, and to economically provide most pellets with a high raw feed content.

Means for Solving the Problem In the present invention, by using carboxymethyl cellulose sodium and polyacrylic acid or its salt together as a binder under specific conditions, even if the amount of raw bait blended is significantly increased, water floating is not achieved. It has been found that it is possible to economically obtain a moist pelleted fish feed that is hard and easy to use. That is, the fish feed of the present invention is produced by kneading 50 parts by weight or more of raw feed with 50 parts by weight or less of a powdered compound feed containing fishmeal as a main component, and contains a) as a binder. The viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution at 25°C is 1000 cps
The above sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 0.5 to 10% by weight based on the weight of the above moisturizer, and b) has a particle size of 16 mesh throughout and has an average molecular weight of 20.
By adding and mixing 10,000 to 1,000,000 polyacrylic acid or a salt thereof in an amount of 10% by weight or less based on the weight of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, a stable and practical fish feed in the form of mortar pellets can be provided.

The carboxymethyl cellulose sodium used in the present invention may be water-soluble as long as it has an average degree of etherification (hereinafter all etherification degrees refer to average degrees of etherification) of 0.45 or more at -1%i, but 1 It is necessary that the viscosity of the aqueous solution is 1000 cps or more at 25° C. and 3° rpm using a B-type viscometer (Tokyo Keiki type Bruckoff, Yield type, BM type).

If the degree of etherification is too high, the synergistic effect will be reduced;
Although not particularly limited, it is desirable to use carboxymethylcellulose sodium having a degree of etherification of about 0.45 to 1.0.

Examples of commercially available sodium carboxymethyl cellulose include Celogen F-38 and Celogen F-BS) (-12 manufactured by Dai-Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.).

On the other hand, polyacrylic acid or its salt has an excellent dissolution rate,
From the point of view of quick onset of effect, it is not preferable for the particle size to be coarse, and it is necessary that the particle size is at least 16 mesh. Further, the molecular weight of polyacrylic acid or a salt thereof is 200,000 or more and less than 1,000,000.0 molecular weight is calculated by the following formula.

[η] ON-■" -4,27 includes sodium, potassium, ammonium, etc., and partially acid type polyacrylates may also be used.Furthermore, partially crosslinked polyacrylic acids and their sodium, potassium, ammonium salts, etc. b) May be used as component.

The addition rate of polyacrylic acid or its salt is suitably 0.1 to 10% by weight relative to the amount of carboxymethylcellulose sodium added.

If the amount of polyacrylic acid or its salt is less than 0.1 ft 1% of the added amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, the hardness of the mortar pellets will not be sufficient. If the amount of sodium methylcellulose added is more than 10% by weight, water tends to float on the surface of the finished mortar pellets and the hardness decreases. It is particularly preferable that the amount of polyacrylic acid or its salt is about 0.3 to 5% by weight of the amount of carboxymethylcellulose sodium or rum added.

As described above, polyacrylic acid or its salt is effective in a small amount relative to sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and this is a unique phenomenon that is effective only in a very limited range. From this, excellent effects can be achieved with a small amount of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and even with a small amount of the entire binder.

In the present invention, it is possible to use other thickening agents such as guar gum, sodium alginate, sodium caseinate, xanthan gum, and other compounds commonly used as natural, semi-synthetic or synthetic feed binders. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose and polyacrylic acid or its salt in the present invention are used by being mixed in advance with a powdered compounded feed such as fishmeal. Further, the fish feed of the present invention may contain any substances that are normally added to fish feed, such as vitamins, minerals, and antibiotics.

Examples 1 to 7 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and polyacrylic acid or its salt were added to and mixed with fish meal (produced in Sakaiminato) in the proportions shown in Table 1 to obtain a powdered compounding material A.

On the other hand, raw bait (frozen sardine) was minced using a meat chopper (manufactured by Hiraga Kosho) to obtain raw bait B.

The powdered blended material A and raw bait B thus obtained were added to the first
The mixture was mixed in varying proportions as shown in the table, and pelletized using a granulator (manufactured by Hiraga Kosho) to obtain moist pellets. The diameter of the pellet was 13 nuw.

Table 1 Note) 1. Examples 5 to 7 are comparative examples.

2. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose seeds 11
awc is as follows.

a, Viscosity of the 1st Industrial Pharmaceutical Type Celogen F-3H1χ aqueous solution 1000 cps, degree of etherification 0.60 b, Viscosity of the 1st Industrial Pharmaceutical Type Celogen F-BSH-121χ aqueous solution 7000 cps, etherification degree 0.71 C9 No. - The viscosity of an industrial pharmaceutical type Celogen F-5H1χ aqueous solution was 300 cps, the degree of etherification was 0.64 3, and the polyacrylate had a molecular weight of 800,000 and a particle size of 16". Note that (H) Acid, (Na
) indicates that sodium salt was used, and (K) indicates that potassium salt was used.

4. Product properties were determined by a touch test conducted by five monitors.

◎; Very hard O: Hard △: Slightly soft ×: Soft From the results in Table 1, in Examples 1 to 4 according to the present invention,
Although a practical product can be obtained as most pellets,
It can be seen that in Example 5, in which polyacrylic acid or its salt was not used as a binder, and in Example 6, in which sodium carboxymethyl cellulose having low viscosity was used, a product with a hardness suitable for practical use could not be obtained.

Examples 8 to 11 The same tests as Examples 1 to 4 were conducted by increasing the proportion of raw bait mixed. In this case, the amount of binder was increased. The results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Note) 1. Examples 10 and 11 are comparative examples.

2. The type of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is the same as b in Table 1.

3. Polyacrylates in the same range as shown in Table 1 were used. (K) is potassium salt, (N) is ammonium salt,
(Na) indicates sodium salt.

4. The properties of the product were tested in the same manner as in Table 1.

From the results in Table 2, Examples 8 and 9 according to the present invention yield practical morsto pellets, but Examples 10 and 11, which used a large amount of polyacrylate, did not yield practical products. It turns out that there isn't.

Effects of the Invention In the present invention, as shown in the Examples, even if 50% by weight or more of raw bait is used, a small amount of binder (for example, about 1.5% by weight of the product weight) is used.
0% by weight), it is possible to provide a practical morst pelleted fish feed that has appropriate hardness and does not float on water, and is extremely economical and has good performance. Applicant for a patent characterized by the provision of pelleted fish feed Dai-Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Most pellets produced by kneading 50 parts by weight or more of raw bait and 50 parts by weight or less of a powdered compound feed containing fishmeal as a main component, which a) has a viscosity of 1% aqueous solution at 25°C. 1000cps
The above carboxymethylcellulose sodium is added in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight based on the weight of the moist pellet, and b) has a particle size of 16 mesh throughout and has an average molecular weight of 20.
10,000 to less than 1,000,000 polyacrylic acid or a salt thereof in an amount of 10% by weight or less based on the weight of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. (2) The fish feed according to claim (1), wherein the average degree of etherification of the carboxymethylcellulose sodium is 0.45 or more. (3) The above polyacrylic acid or its salt is 0.1 to 10% based on the weight of the above carboxymethyl cellulose sodium.
Claim (1) characterized in that it is added in a proportion of % by weight.
) or the fish feed described in (2).