JPH01301793A - 潤滑油 - Google Patents

潤滑油

Info

Publication number
JPH01301793A
JPH01301793A JP63130449A JP13044988A JPH01301793A JP H01301793 A JPH01301793 A JP H01301793A JP 63130449 A JP63130449 A JP 63130449A JP 13044988 A JP13044988 A JP 13044988A JP H01301793 A JPH01301793 A JP H01301793A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
oil
rosin
rolling
acid
lubricating oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP63130449A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JP2571100B2 (ja
Inventor
Keiichi Tanigawa
谷川　啓一
Yuzo Higaki
檜垣　勇三
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Steel Corp
Nisshin Oillio Group Ltd
Original Assignee
Nippon Steel Corp
Nisshin Oil Mills Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Steel Corp, Nisshin Oil Mills Ltd filed Critical Nippon Steel Corp
Priority to JP63130449A priority Critical patent/JP2571100B2/ja
Priority to US07/358,697 priority patent/US4956109A/en
Publication of JPH01301793A publication Critical patent/JPH01301793A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2571100B2 publication Critical patent/JP2571100B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/04—Fatty oil fractions
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    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/72—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
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    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
    • C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
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    • C10M107/46—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing sulfur
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
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    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M129/38—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
    • C10M129/40—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms monocarboxylic
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Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は潤滑性に優れたエステル化生成物に関するもの
であり、圧延油、切削油、研削油、引抜き加工油、プレ
ス加工油等の金属加工油や金属塑性加工油に利用出来る
。特に高圧力下、高速回転下にて摩擦係数、耐圧性の優
れた圧延油に係る。
この他金属の切削加工、研削加工、引抜き加工、プレス
加工等の金属塑性加工において優れた特性を示す、潤滑
油側に関するものである。
（従来技術） 近年各種機械工業の急速な発展にとも々って潤滑油の使
用条件が苛酷化してきており、すぐれた潤滑特性が要求
されるようになってきた。
従来一般に使用されている圧延油は、動、植物油脂（牛
脂、豚脂、パーム油、ナタネ油等）を基油として用いる
油脂系圧延油、鉱物油系圧延油および油脂と鉱物油とを
混合した圧延油に大別される。近年省エネルギー、生産
能率の向上に伴ない高速圧延高圧下率圧延が指向されて
いる。動植物油脂を基油に用いた圧延油は高負荷、高速
圧延に適したものと一般にされてきたが、しかしながら
近年の超高速、超高圧下での圧延の発達とともに更に優
れた性能を有する圧延油が要求さノする現状にある。
才た冷間圧延で動植物油脂を基油に用いた場合、鋼板の
付着油分を脱脂せずに直接焼鈍すると、焼鈍工程におい
て鋼板表面汚ね、を生ずる。一方鉱物油を基油とした場
合、高速、高圧力圧延性に欠ける。
さらに近年合成エステル油が開発されているが（例えば
特公昭５７−２’７エ５６　、　６０−５４３５．５゜
潤滑３２．ＮＯ２，潤滑２７　、　Ｎｕ　８　、等）さ
らに超高圧、超高速下での圧延条件を惣定すると、より
更にすぐ力、た性能を有する圧延油が要求される。
一方金属の切削加工・研削加工に用いる潤滑油剤は、鉱
油、動植物油脂、極圧添加剤、界面活性剤、消泡剤、金
属防食剤、酸化防止剤、防腐、防黴剤等を目的に応じて
適宜混合して組成されている。切削油剤は通常水で１０
−１００倍に希釈して使用されているが、場合によって
は不溶性切削油剤を使用する場合もある。
切削、研削油の具備すべき基本的条件は潤滑性、冷却性
、防錆性およびその他の付帯的条件、例えば起泡性、手
荒れ性、人畜毒性、臭気等を有さないことである。切削
、研削油剤は使用の目的や条件によって重点のおき方は
異なるにしても、上記諸性能をバランスよく具備し々け
れば々ら々いが諸条件を満足させ得る切削、研削油剤が
、かならずしも十分でないのが現状である。
（発明が解決しようとする課題） 本発明は近年潤滑油の使用条件が苛酷化される中ですぐ
れた潤滑特性を付与すべく、分子設計された合成潤滑油
である。
すなわち高潤滑性、高安定性であシ、かつ微生物による
劣化がしにくく、腐敗しにくい合成油剤である。
本発明は省エネルギー、省工程など生産能率の向上に寄
与する鋼用冷間圧延油では、高速度、高圧力下で生ずる
熱や機械的剪断に対して安定で、酸化、分解、重合等の
化学反応に対しても安定である。
一方切削、研削油剤の場合、本発明は潤滑性、冷却性、
防錆性に優れているとともに起泡性、手荒れ性、人畜毒
性の問題もなくかつ腐敗しにくい合成潤滑油剤である。
（課題を解決するだめの手段・作用） 本発明は（Ａ）が下記に示しだ一般式（ｒ）および／ま
だは（ｎ＞のアルコールおよびその水素添加物と（Ｂ）
が炭素数６以上の脂肪酸および炭素数６以上の脂肪酸と
ロジン（ロジンには水素添加ロジン、不均斉化ロジンま
たは重合ロジンを含む）の混合物であり、この（Ａ）と
（Ｂ）とを反応させたエステル化生成物を配合してなる
潤滑油である。
但しＸ、、Ｘ２：Ｈ−またはＣＨ３ ：０才たけ１−１０の整数 一般式（１）のアルコールはビスフェノールＡ　（４，
４’−ジヒドロキシジフェニル−２，２−プロパン）。
ビスフェノールＦ（ジヒドロキシジフェニルメタン）お
よびその水素添加物およびそれらにエチレンオキサイド
またはプロピレンオキサイドを所定量付加させたポリエ
ーテルポリオールでアリ、−般式（ＩＩ）のアルコール
はビスフェノールｓ’　（４，、４’　−ジヒドロキシ
フェニルスルホン）およびその水素添加物およびそれら
にエチレンオキサイドまたはプロピレンオキサイドを所
定量付加させた含イオウアルコールである。
一般式（＋）　、　（Ｉｆ）のポリオールおよびその水
素添加物でｎは１−１０の範囲がよくｎが１１以上にな
ると分子量が大きくなり、かつエーテル結合の増加と共
に潤滑性が減少する。但し、ここで示すｎ数は平均のモ
ル数であり、平均１０モルの場合、エチレンオキサイド
捷だはプロピレンオキサイドの付加モル数に分布が生じ
、ｎが１１以上のもの＝６− も含まハ、てくる場合もある。つまりｎはあく才でも平
均の数であり、その平均モル数が］○以下がよい。
脂肪酸としては、ヘキサン酸、オクタン酸、デカン酸、
ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン
酸、アラキン酸、ベヘニン酸、モンタン酸、ハルミドオ
レイン酸、オレイン酸、エルカ酸、リシノール酸、ヒド
ロキンステアリン酸、リノール酸、リルン酸、インオク
チル酸、インデカン酸、イソラウリン酸、インミリスチ
ン酸、インパルミチン酸、イソステアリン酸、イソアラ
キン酸等の炭素数６以上の脂肪酸である。まだラノリン
脂肪酸、魚油脂肪酸、大豆油脂肪酸、ヤシ油脂肪酸、牛
脂脂肪酸等およびそオ］、らを水素添加した脂肪酸等の
天然脂肪酸を使用することもできる。炭素数５以下の脂
肪酸を用いた場合には潤滑性が劣る。
一方、脂肪酸の炭素数の上限は規制しないが、一般に工
業的に安価に入手可能な範囲としては炭素数３０以下が
好脣しい。
寸だ、ロジンとは、一般に知られているもので例ｔば）
−ルロジン、ガムロジン、ウッドロジン等がある。
これらのロジンに水素添加を行なったものが水素添加ロ
ジンである。また、不均斉化ロジンの不均斉化とは、同
一化合物のある分子は還元を他の分子は酸化をうける反
応を不均斉化と言うが、本発明の不均斉化ロジンは水素
添加ロジンと同じようにアビエチン酸やビマール酸分子
等の構成分子が還元されたものである。また重合ロジン
はロジン（単量体）が２個以上化学的に結合して分子量
が大きいロジン化合物（重合体）である。
脂肪酸と各種ロジンとの混合系の場合における配合比率
は潤滑性の面から、脂肪酸：各種ロジン＝９５゛５〜２
５　：　７５の重量比が良い。また更に好丑しくは９０
：１０〜４０　：　６０の重量比が良い。
エステル化反応は、無触媒または触媒存在下通常の方法
で行ない本発明のエステル化生成物を合成することが出
来るが、合成法は特に限定するも−８＝ のではない。
ここで云う合成エステル油剤とは切削・研削油、プレス
加工油、圧延油等の金属塑性加工油や機械潤滑油等広く
各種用途に利用できるものである。
本発明の合成エステルを主成分とした鋼の圧延油は高圧
、高速下での圧延条件を可能とし、さらに冷間圧延油の
場合はミルクリーン性を有するもので、薄鋼板の圧延と
鋼板を脱脂することなく直接焼鈍することを可能とし、
寸ださらに切削、研削油剤として潤滑性、冷却性、防錆
性をそなえ、かつ起泡性、平部性、人畜毒性、臭気性等
になんら問題のない優れた特性を有するものである。
本発明の合成エステルを圧延油、および切削・研削油、
引抜き加工、プレス加工等の金属塑性加工用潤滑油、内
燃機関潤滑油等に使用するに際しては、合成エステル単
独で使用することもできる。
また他の基油、例えば鉱物油、動・植物油や一般に使用
されている既存の合成エステルと混合して使用すること
ができる。捷た目的に応じてこれらに乳化剤を加えてエ
マルション液として用いることもできるし、また特にエ
チレンオキザイド付加物のモル数を高くすることにょシ
、自己乳化油剤として用いることもできる。その他一般
に実用潤滑剤の添加物として常用されている乳化剤、脂
肪酸、酸化防止剤、腐食防止剤、防腐、防黴剤等と組合
せて使用することもできる。
本発明の合成エステル化合物を他の基油等と混合して用
いる場合には１重量係以上の添加で効果が認められるが
、５重量係以上の含有量とすることによって特性が安定
する。以下エヌテルの合成法の一例を示す。
合成例 攪伴機、温度計、窒素ガス吹込管、水分離器を備えた４
ツロフラスコに日本乳化剤（株）製Ｎｅｗ−ｃｏｌ　１
９００　（ビグフェノールＡエチレンオキサイド２モル
付加物）２８８１ｉ’、イソステアリン酸４８７１（エ
メリー社製）５８５ｆを仕込み、触媒としてリン酸を０
．５２添加しキシレンを還流溶剤として仕込量の５％を
添加し、よく攪拌し、混合物を１８０〜２３０°Ｃにて
計算量の水が留出するまで反応を行った、その必要時間
は５時間であった。
反応終了後減圧にてキンレンを留去後活性白土にて脱色
１過して黄色液体を得た。収量７６８２、酸価２．１で
あった。（試料Ｂ） 以下同様の方法で合成エステルを製造した。得られた合
成エステルの性状など第１表〜第２表に示した。
（実施例） 実施例１　金属塑性加工における一般特性試験本発明の
潤滑油の性能試験結果を従来のものと比較し第３表に示
す。
摩擦係数および耐焼付性はバウデン試験機により、耐熱
性は熱天秤によりそれぞね５測定した。
〈バウデン試験機による試験〉 低炭素鋼板の表面に各種供試剤を塗油し、塗油面に直径
３／１６インチの鋼球を荷重３　Ｋ９で押圧しくヘルン
圧２２３　Ｋ９７　ｍＡ　）　、速度４　ｍｍ／ｓｅｃ
で往復摺動させて塗油剤の摩擦係数が０．１５に達する
までの摺動回数（耐焼付性）を測定した。
く熱天秤による試験〉 白金るつぼに供試剤を３５　ｍｇ入れてこれをＨｅ雰囲
気で毎分５°Ｃづつ加熱してゆき、るつぼ中の供試剤が
分解、焼失した時点の加熱湿度を測定した。
バウデン試験では、実際の塑性加工条件にできるだけ近
似させ、試験温度は塑性変形による発熱を考慮して２０
０℃とし、鋼板も塑性変形し易い軟鋼板を使用している
。
摩擦係数は実際の加工時の所９４＋力と対応し、耐焼付
性（ｄ焼付疵の発生、工具寿命と対応するものである。
寸た熱天秤による試１験では、供試剤の焼失温度が高い
ほど耐熱性が良いといえる。
実施例２　圧延潤滑油 実用圧延油の基油に用いらねている鉱油あるいはパーム
油に、添加剤として常用され、ている乳化剤、脂肪酸及
び酸化防止剤等と本発明の圧延油である合成エステルを
配合した時に得らね７る圧延油組成の潤滑性と焼鈍性に
ついての評価を行なった。
エマルション圧延は２段ロール式圧延機で、圧延材料（
５ｐｃｃ　）　１．２Ｘ２０Ｘ２００．を油分濃度３％
、浴温５０°Ｃの条件で、圧下率４０係における圧延荷
重を測定し圧延潤滑性を評価した。丑だ焼鈍性について
は供試エマルション液で圧延したその一１寸の状態の鋼
ゆを数１０枚績み重ねだ後細巾の銅帯で固定して小型焼
鈍炉にて焼鈍した。
焼鈍の際の加熱条件は、ＨｌｉＸガス（■■２°　５係
）１２０　ｍ／！／ｍｉｎ　　雰囲気中で、昇温速度を
」Ｏ℃／ｍ　ｉ、ｎとして６００　’Ｃ迄加熱し、６０
０　’Ｃで１時間保持後放冷した。その後、鋼板表面に
セロファンテープを貼着し、表面付着物を採取し、これ
を白色紙にはりつけて汚れの度合を目視判定し、鋼板表
面清浄性を評価した。試験結果を第４表に捷とめて示す
が表中の記号は第１表〜第２表と同一である。
第４表 黄：圧延油組成重量％ ］）　酸化防止剤、　礼６−ｔｅｒｔ−ブチル−４−メ
チルフェノール２）　乳化剤、ポリオキシエチレンアル
キルフェニルニーｆ　／ｌ／（１−ＩＬＢ　　コ１．７
　） ３）圧延荷重比、エマル７ヨンでは比較例１を基準にし
た値。
４）表面清浄性の評点、◎汚れ発生なし、○汚わ発生極
く僅か、 △汚れ発生、 ×汚れ発生子。
５）合成エステル（Ｂ−Ｌ）の含有率は４５多量、実使
用エマルションは油分３％である。
実施例３　切削研削油 第５表に本発明物質を配合した切削油（試料Ｎ［１１〜
４）の耐久試験、四球潤滑性試験αモデル潤滑性試験の
結果を示す、試料Ｎ（１５，６は市販切削油を示す。
（発明の効果） 本発明の含窒素アルコールと脂肪酸とロジンから得られ
る合成エステル化合物は、潤滑特性および安定性が従来
の潤滑油と比べてはるかにすぐれており、圧延油、作動
油、切削　研削油や金属塑性加工用潤滑油、および内燃
機関用潤滑油として優れた性能を有する。
例えば、既存の合成エステルを冷間圧延油として、ある
いは添加剤に転用しているものとは異なり、鋼板類の圧
延潤滑性の向上により、従来のパーム油を基油に用いた
場合と比べて動力費の節減など省エネルギー、省資源的
効果をもたらす。まだ、焼鈍性にも優れておシ、通常の
電解脱脂を省略することができ、設備コストを低減させ
ることができる。
また切削、研削油に関しては優れた潤滑性を有するとと
もに、臭気、安定性等各種使用条件を充分満足させえる
高性能な油剤となシ得る。
まだ加工潤滑においては高速加工などの苛酷な条件でも
充分々潤滑が保証され、加工の円滑化、能率化を可能に
する。
焼付疵など、潤滑不足が原因で発生する製品の品質低下
が防止できるとともに、工具の摩耗や破損も抑止され、
製品の品質を高め、工具の寿命を大きく延ばす。
加工時の所要動力を軽減し、省資源、省エネルギーが一
層推進される等の多くの優れた効果を生ずるものである
。

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 （Ａ）が一般式（ I ）および／または（II）のアルコ
    ールおよび／またはその水素添加物、（Ｂ）が炭素数６
    以上の脂肪酸または炭素数６以上の脂肪酸とロジン（ロ
    ジンには水素添加ロジン、不均斉化ロジンまたは重合ロ
    ジンを含む）の混合物であり、この（Ａ）と（Ｂ）とを
    反応させたエステル化生成物よりなる群から選ばれた、
    少なくとも１種の成分を含有する金属潤滑油。 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼・・・（ I ） ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼・・・（II） 但しＸ＿１、Ｘ＿２：ＨまたはＣＨ＿３ ｎ：０または１〜１０の整数
JP63130449A 1988-05-30 1988-05-30 潤滑油 Expired - Lifetime JP2571100B2 (ja)

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JP63130449A JP2571100B2 (ja) 1988-05-30 1988-05-30 潤滑油
US07/358,697 US4956109A (en) 1988-05-30 1989-05-26 Lubricating oil

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JP63130449A JP2571100B2 (ja) 1988-05-30 1988-05-30 潤滑油

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JPH01301793A true JPH01301793A (ja) 1989-12-05
JP2571100B2 JP2571100B2 (ja) 1997-01-16

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