【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]
本発明は、建造物の天井、壁、床等を構成する
無機質材料を化粧材で被覆するに際し、該無機質
材料で構成される下地を処理するための作業性の
優れた新規な組成物に係り、詳しくは、前記下地
の補修、補強を容易に行うと共に、引続き施工さ
れる塗材や内装材との密着性等の諸性能を向上
し、拠つて該塗材や内装材の耐久性を著しく高め
ようとするものである。
従来より、建造物の塗装工事、吹付工事、内装
工事等の工事においては、床、壁、天井を構成す
る主なる材料であるコンクリート、モルタル、
ALC、PC、石綿スレート、硅酸カルシウム板等
の無機質材料を下地とし、これに塗料や吹付材等
の塗材や壁紙のごとき内装材を施工し、もつて
床、壁、天井の美装並びに保護をはかつている
が、係る無機質材料の下地（以下本発明下地とい
う）は一般に凹凸、目違い、ピンホール、レイタ
ンスなどの欠陥を有する並びにぜい化しているこ
とが多々ありこのためセメントペーストやセメン
トモルタル、あるいはこれらに乳化重合型合成樹
脂エマルジヨンを混入したもの、もしくは各種の
パテなどを用いて平滑化や穴うめ等の補修、ある
いは補強をはかつており、一方本発明下地に塗材
や内装材を被覆するに際しては一般にシーラー、
プライマーなどと称される合成樹脂エマルジヨン
や合成樹脂溶液などの下塗材を予め塗付した本発
明下地の吸込み均一化や塗材との密着性向上など
を行い、引続いて塗材や内装材を施工しているの
が現状で、従つていわゆる補修又は補強というプ
ロセスと下塗材塗付というプロセスをとるのが当
然とされ、且つこれらのプロセスの一方を省略す
ることはできなかつた。
本発明は、係る上述の２つのプロセスを一体に
行い得る下地処理用組成物を提供するものであ
る。即ち、本発明は、実質的にポルトランドセメ
ント、乳化重合型合成樹脂及び／又は合成ゴムエ
マルジヨン及び溶液乳化型合成樹脂及び／又は合
成ゴムエマルジヨンの３成分から成るもので、該
組成物は本発明下地の補修、補強が可能なばかり
でなく、引続く塗材が内装材を施工するに際して
何ら下塗材塗材付を必要とすることなく直接施工
でき、以て該塗や内装材の本来の性能を恒久的に
保持し得るものである。以下本発明の構成につい
て詳述する。
本発明に用いるポルトランドセメントとは、通
常のものをいい特に限定されるものではない。次
に、乳化重合型合成樹脂及び／又は合成ゴムエマ
ルジヨンとは、通常の乳化重合法即ち、合成樹脂
や合成ゴムのモノマーを用い乳化と重合を同時に
行つて得られるものであつて、係る合成樹脂及
び／又は合成ゴムとしては、アクリル酸エステ
ル、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、アクリルアミ
ド、メタクリル酸エステル、酢酸ビニル、エチレ
ン、プロピオン酸ビニル、Veova、塩化ビニル、
塩化ビニリデン、アクロレイン、スチレン、ビニ
ルピロリドン、ビニルエーテル、ポリエステル、
エポキシ、ウレタン等の合成樹脂及び／又はクロ
ロプレン、イソプレン、ブチレン、ブタジエン、
アクリロニトリル等の合成樹脂から選ばれる少な
くとも１種のポリマー又はプレポリマー、もしく
は２種以上から成るコポリマーあるいはこれらの
混合物が例示できる。更に、溶液乳化型合成樹脂
及び／又は合成ゴムエマルジヨンとは、溶液重合
や塊状重合で製造され、フレークや粒状固体とし
て供されるものあるいはプレポリマーなどの合成
樹脂や合成ゴムを、一たん溶剤に溶解または加熱
溶融して流動状態にしたものを、必要に応じて顔
料を配合したものを乳化分散剤の存在で撹拌しな
がら水と混合してエマルジヨン化したものをい
い、係る合成樹脂及び／又は合成ゴムとしては、
乳化重合型合成樹脂及び／又は合成ゴムエマルジ
ヨンとほとんど同じものが例示できるため省略す
る。
本発明の下地処理用組成物はポルトランドセメ
ント100重量部に対して乳化重合型合成樹脂及
び／又は合成ゴムエマルジヨンを固形分に換算し
た量で約0.3〜100重量部、望ましくは約0.7〜50
重量部、次に溶液乳化型合成樹脂及び／又は合成
ゴムエマルジヨンを固形分に換算した量で約５〜
80重量部、望ましくは約７〜70重量部配合して成
るものである。又、本発明下地処理用組成物は、
上述必須成分の他に、無機質粉体、例えば硅石
粉、粘土、炭酸カルシウム、砂などを配合するこ
とができ、当該組成物の強度向上、増量等の役割
を果すが、その配合比率は特に限定されるもので
はないけれど、本発明の効果を阻害する程多量に
配合されてはならないものする。更に又、実際の
使用に当つて該合成樹脂エマルジヨンの濃度は特
定されないけれど、あまり希釈しすぎると当該組
成物の強度低下などをもたらすので注意する必要
がある。
上述の本発明下地処理用組成物を本発明下地に
施工し、引続き塗材や内装材を施工するのである
が、係る塗材としては、合成樹脂エマルジヨンペ
イント、合成樹脂エナメル、合成樹脂ワニス、セ
メント砂壁状吹付材、合成樹脂エマルジヨン砂壁
状吹付材、複層模様吹付材、セメント厚付材、合
成樹脂エマルジヨン厚付吹付材、高弾性化粧仕上
材、天井吹付材、壁面防水材、塗床材などが、又
内装材としては多種壁紙（接着剤を介して）が例
示でき、係る塗材の施工形態はスプレー、ローラ
ー、刷毛、コテあるいはこれらの混合など任意の
方法でよい。本発明においては、前述の各種塗材
や内装材を本発明下地に施工するに際し、いわゆ
るプロセスを１回行うのみで下地処理用組成物の
平滑化、粘性調整容易さ、コテやローラーや左官
刷毛のすべりよさ、厚膜時のひび割れ抵抗等の作
業性が優れる地下地をよく補強し、且つ下塗りの
プロセスが省略できて尚下塗の目的性能を具備し
ているため、殊に、係る両プロセスの一つのプロ
セスの省略が難しいといわれていた合成樹脂エナ
メル、複層模様吹付材、厚付吹付材、高弾性化粧
吹付材、壁面防水材及び塗床材などの施工におい
ては著しい効果を有している。
以下、本発明実施例並びに比較例を掲げる。
実施例 １
メタクリル酸―アクリル酸ブチル共重合樹脂45
ｇをトルエン55ｇに溶解した溶液に、ポリエチレ
ンオキサイドノニルフエニルエーテルを３ｇ配合
して均一な溶液とし、次に水を少量ずつ滴下しな
がら高速撹拌すると全体が白濁し初め、水を約
100ｇ滴下し終えたところで溶液乳化が完了した。
この溶液乳化型合成樹脂エマルジヨンに、乳化重
合で得た酢酸ビニルホモポリマーのエマルジヨン
（固形分55％）30ｇ、ポルトランドセメント200
ｇ、硅石粉200ｇ並びに水50ｇを配合し混合して
本発明下地処理用組成物を得た。別途、JIS Ａ
1401の方法に従つてセメントモルタル板を作製
し、このモルタル板に、上記下地処理用組成物を
５mm厚に左官ゴテで塗付したところコテのすべり
が非常によく、乳化重合型エマルジヨンを加えな
い時に比べて、作業時間が約２／３に短縮でき、
表面に観察されていたモルタル板のピンホールは
全て消えて面は極めて平滑性が高くなつた。乾燥
後、四国化研工業社製高弾性複層模様吹付材「レ
ナフレンド」主材を、下塗材を省いて直接塗付、
更に仕上材を塗付して供試体を得た。この供試体
を１週間乾燥した後、次の試験を行い第１表に示
す結果を得た。
A.標準付着強さ……JIS Ａ 6910 ６・３・２の
(1)に規定される試験。
B.浸水後付着強さ……JIS Ａ 6910 ６・３・２
の(2)の規定に準じ、水中浸せき時間を１ケ
月間とする。
C.温冷燥返後付着強さ……JIS Ａ 6910 ６・
３・２の(3)の規定に準じ、燥り返し回数を
50回とする。
D.促進耐候試験後付着強さ……JIS Ａ 6910
６・５に規定の耐候試験を1000時間行つた
後上記Ａの試験を行う。
比較例 １
実施例１において、溶液乳化型合成樹脂エマル
ジヨンを配合しない下地処理材（比較例１）を用
い、他は実施例１と同じ試験を行つたところ、第
１表に示す結果を得た。
実施例 ２
実施例１において、メタクリル酸―アクリル酸
ブチル共重合樹脂を、スチレン―アクリル酸ブチ
ル共重合樹脂に変えた以外は実施例１と同様の方
法で本発明下地用組成物を得た。この組成物をシ
ポレツクス社製ALCに６mm厚に左官刷毛で塗付
したところ、通常のセメントモルタルに比し、作
業時間が約半分に短縮でき且つひび割れが全く入
らずALCの気泡や欠けが完全に消えて面は極め
て平滑性が高くなつた。乾燥後四国化研工業社製
有機質砂壁状吹付材「シポカケン」を、下塗材を
省い直接塗付して供試体を得た。この供試体を用
いて実施例１の試験（Ａ〜Ｄ）及びJIS Ａ 6910
６・４に規定される透水性試験を行つたところ第
２表に示す結果を得た。
比較例 ２
実施例２において、溶液乳化型スチレン―メタ
クリル酸ブチル共重合樹脂エマルジヨンをメチロ
ール化メラミン樹脂の25％水溶液に変えた以外
は、実施例１と同じ試験を行い、第２表に示す結
果を得た。
The present invention relates to a novel composition with excellent workability for treating a base made of an inorganic material when covering the inorganic material constituting the ceiling, walls, floor, etc. of a building with a decorative material. Specifically, it not only facilitates repair and reinforcement of the base material, but also improves various performances such as adhesion with subsequently applied coating materials and interior materials, thereby significantly increasing the durability of the coating materials and interior materials. It is intended to increase. Conventionally, in construction work such as painting work, spraying work, interior work, etc. of buildings, concrete, mortar,
Inorganic materials such as ALC, PC, asbestos slate, and calcium silicate plates are used as the base material, and coating materials such as paint and spray materials and interior materials such as wallpaper are applied to the base to create beautiful floors, walls, and ceilings. However, the inorganic material base (hereinafter referred to as the base of the present invention) generally has defects such as unevenness, misalignment, pinholes, and laitance, and is often brittle. Cement mortar, mixtures of emulsion-polymerized synthetic resin emulsions, or various putties have been used for smoothing, hole-filling, and other repairs, or for reinforcement. When covering materials, generally sealers,
The present invention, in which an undercoating material such as a synthetic resin emulsion or synthetic resin solution called a primer is applied in advance, absorbs the base uniformly and improves its adhesion with the coating material, and then the coating material and interior material are applied. Currently, construction is being carried out, and therefore it is natural that a process of so-called repair or reinforcement and a process of applying an undercoat material should be used, and one of these processes could not be omitted. The present invention provides a base treatment composition that can perform the above-mentioned two processes in an integrated manner. That is, the present invention essentially consists of three components: Portland cement, emulsion polymerization type synthetic resin and/or synthetic rubber emulsion, and solution emulsion type synthetic resin and/or synthetic rubber emulsion, and the composition is used for repairing the substrate of the present invention. Not only is reinforcement possible, but the subsequent coating material can be applied directly to the interior material without the need for any primer coating, thereby permanently maintaining the original performance of the coating and interior material. It is possible to maintain the The configuration of the present invention will be explained in detail below. The Portland cement used in the present invention is a common one and is not particularly limited. Next, emulsion polymerization type synthetic resin and/or synthetic rubber emulsion is obtained by the usual emulsion polymerization method, that is, by simultaneously carrying out emulsification and polymerization using monomers of synthetic resin and synthetic rubber. /Or synthetic rubbers include acrylic ester, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, methacrylic ester, vinyl acetate, ethylene, vinyl propionate, Veova, vinyl chloride,
vinylidene chloride, acrolein, styrene, vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl ether, polyester,
Synthetic resins such as epoxy and urethane and/or chloroprene, isoprene, butylene, butadiene,
Examples include at least one type of polymer or prepolymer selected from synthetic resins such as acrylonitrile, a copolymer consisting of two or more types, or a mixture thereof. Furthermore, solution emulsion type synthetic resin and/or synthetic rubber emulsion is one that is manufactured by solution polymerization or bulk polymerization and is provided as flakes or granular solids, or is a synthetic resin such as a prepolymer or synthetic rubber that is once dissolved in a solvent. Or it refers to an emulsion made by heating and melting into a fluid state, blending pigments as necessary, and mixing with water in the presence of an emulsifier and dispersant while stirring, and such synthetic resins and/or synthetics. As rubber,
They are omitted because they can be exemplified almost the same as emulsion polymerization type synthetic resins and/or synthetic rubber emulsions. The surface treatment composition of the present invention contains about 0.3 to 100 parts by weight, preferably about 0.7 to 50 parts by weight of emulsion polymerization type synthetic resin and/or synthetic rubber emulsion in terms of solid content per 100 parts by weight of Portland cement.
Parts by weight, then the amount of solution emulsified synthetic resin and/or synthetic rubber emulsion in terms of solid content of about 5 to
The amount is 80 parts by weight, preferably about 7 to 70 parts by weight. Further, the base treatment composition of the present invention has the following properties:
In addition to the above-mentioned essential ingredients, inorganic powders such as silica powder, clay, calcium carbonate, sand, etc. can be blended, and play the role of improving the strength and increasing the weight of the composition, but the blending ratio is particularly limited. However, it must not be added in such a large amount as to inhibit the effects of the present invention. Furthermore, although the concentration of the synthetic resin emulsion is not specified in actual use, care must be taken because excessive dilution may result in a decrease in the strength of the composition. The above-mentioned base treatment composition of the present invention is applied to the base of the present invention, and coating materials and interior materials are subsequently applied. Examples of such coating materials include synthetic resin emulsion paint, synthetic resin enamel, synthetic resin varnish, Cement sand wall spray material, synthetic resin emulsion sand wall spray material, multi-layer pattern spray material, cement thick spray material, synthetic resin emulsion thick spray material, high elastic decorative finishing material, ceiling spray material, wall waterproofing material, floor coating material Examples of interior materials include various types of wallpaper (via adhesives), and the coating material may be applied by any method such as spraying, rollers, brushes, trowels, or a mixture thereof. In the present invention, when applying the various coating materials and interior materials described above to the base of the present invention, it is possible to smooth the base treatment composition, easily adjust the viscosity, and use a trowel, roller, or plastering brush by performing the so-called process only once. It has excellent workability such as smoothness and crack resistance when thick film is used, and it can effectively reinforce the underground ground, and the process of undercoating can be omitted, and it still has the intended performance of undercoating. It is extremely effective in the construction of synthetic resin enamel, multi-layer pattern sprayed materials, thick sprayed materials, highly elastic decorative sprayed materials, wall waterproofing materials, and floor coating materials, for which it is said that it is difficult to omit one process. There is. Examples of the present invention and comparative examples are listed below. Example 1 Methacrylic acid-butyl acrylate copolymer resin 45
When 3 g of polyethylene oxide nonyl phenyl ether is mixed with a solution of 1.5 g dissolved in 55 g of toluene to make a homogeneous solution, water is added little by little and stirred at high speed.
Solution emulsification was completed when 100 g of the solution was dropped.
To this solution emulsion type synthetic resin emulsion, 30 g of vinyl acetate homopolymer emulsion (solid content 55%) obtained by emulsion polymerization, and 200 Portland cement.
g, 200 g of silica powder, and 50 g of water were blended and mixed to obtain a base treatment composition of the present invention. Separately, JIS A
A cement mortar board was prepared according to the method of 1401, and when the above-mentioned base treatment composition was applied to the mortar board to a thickness of 5 mm using a plastering trowel, the trowel slipped very well, and emulsion polymerization type emulsion was not added. The work time can be reduced to about 2/3 compared to the previous time.
All the pinholes of the mortar plate that had been observed on the surface disappeared, and the surface became extremely smooth. After drying, the main material "Lena Friend", a highly elastic multi-layer pattern spray material manufactured by Shikoku Kaken Kogyo Co., Ltd., was applied directly without the use of a primer.
Furthermore, a finishing material was applied to obtain a specimen. After drying this specimen for one week, the following tests were conducted and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained. A. Standard adhesion strength...JIS A 6910 6/3/2
Test specified in (1). B. Adhesive strength after immersion in water...JIS A 6910 6.3.2
In accordance with the provisions of (2) above, the immersion time in water shall be one month. C. Adhesive strength after heating and cooling...JIS A 6910 6.
According to the provisions of 3.2 (3), the number of times of drying is
50 times. D. Adhesion strength after accelerated weathering test...JIS A 6910
After conducting the weather resistance test specified in 6.5 for 1000 hours, perform the test A above. Comparative Example 1 In Example 1, the same test as in Example 1 was conducted using a base treatment material (Comparative Example 1) that did not contain a solution-emulsified synthetic resin emulsion, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained. . Example 2 A base composition of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the methacrylic acid-butyl acrylate copolymer resin was replaced with a styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer resin. When this composition was applied to Siporex ALC with a plastering brush to a thickness of 6 mm, the working time was reduced by about half compared to ordinary cement mortar, and there were no cracks at all, and the ALC was completely free from bubbles and chips. The surface became extremely smooth. After drying, an organic sand wall-like spray material "Sipokaken" manufactured by Shikoku Kaken Kogyo Co., Ltd. was directly applied without using a primer to obtain a specimen. Tests of Example 1 (A to D) and JIS A 6910 were conducted using this specimen.
When the water permeability test specified in Section 6.4 was conducted, the results shown in Table 2 were obtained. Comparative Example 2 The same test as in Example 1 was conducted, except that the solution emulsion type styrene-butyl methacrylate copolymer resin emulsion was changed to a 25% aqueous solution of methylolated melamine resin in Example 2, and the results are shown in Table 2. I got it.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】