JPH0141836Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Field of industrial application] This invention uses an inflatable member in which both ends of a cylindrical rubber-like elastic body are reinforced with a reinforcing material to make rock mass vibration-free, anechoic, and noise-free. This rock crushing device performs rock crushing without noise and dust, and is particularly aimed at providing excellent crushing performance, durability of the inflatable member, and smooth operation.

[Conventional technology]

Among the conventional rock crushing methods, methods that use explosives, air hammers, etc. that are free from vibrations, noise, etc. are methods that use chemical expansion agents, and methods that use expansion agents and wedges. Combined use,
Crushing was performed using a wedge alone.

In the above method, in the case of an expanding agent for crushing, the diameter of the drilling drill is small and it takes 6 to 12 hours to complete expansion, and it cannot be used in very hard rock, and the cost of the expanding agent is high. It is something.
The wedge method also requires the use of special mechanical equipment and is not common.

As described above, there is a current need for a crushing device that is easy to operate, highly efficient, has excellent crushing performance, excellent durability, and is suitable for on-site operations and is highly economical.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

In response to the above-mentioned request, this invention eliminates the use of a special large-scale machine instead of the expansion crushing method that requires a special mechanical device, and also uses a core metal penetrating through the center, which was the applicant's earlier application. In addition to the structure in which a rubber cylindrical body is inserted and crushed by compression and expansion, the inventor considered an expandable body made of a rubber-like elastic body that can be expanded with high-pressure fluid. When inflated with high-pressure fluid, the high-pressure fluid exerts a strong stretching force on the rubber-like elastic body in the axial and radial directions, and the axial stretching force is due to sliding friction with the perforated hole. Particularly large defects are damage caused by the rubber-like elastic inflatable body being forcefully pushed into the gap between the drilled hole in the rock and the inflatable body, which not only significantly reduces durability but also causes damage due to strong pushing. Therefore, the rubber-like elastic body, which is a viscoelastic body, undergoes large plastic deformation, which makes it difficult to pull out the device from the drilled hole, and further promotes damage. It is necessary to act effectively mainly in the radial direction, and when discharging high-pressure fluid, problems such as the fluid discharge port being blocked by the rubber-like elastic body of the expandable body, making smooth operation impossible. Therefore, we investigated issues such as durability, effective crushing pressure configuration, and smooth operability, and devised this device by solving these issues.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the rock crushing device of this invention, a cylindrical expansion member made of a rubber-like elastic body inserted into a core passing through the center is inflated with high-pressure fluid. A strong stretching force acts in the axial and radial directions to prevent plastic deformation and damage caused by being forced into the gap between the inflatable member and the drilled hole in the rock, thereby preventing a significant decrease in durability. In addition to ensuring that the purpose of crushing is not hindered, means are provided to ensure that the crushing pressure in the radial direction of the expansion member works effectively, and means to ensure smooth supply and discharge of high-pressure fluid. It is.

In other words, in a cylindrical inflatable member made of a rubber-like elastic body and a partial reinforcing material, the cylindrical inflatable member is inserted and set in parallel with a core bar passing through the center.A reinforcement for restricting expansion is provided near the center of the cylindrical inflatable member. An easily expandable part that easily expands in the radial direction is provided without using a layer, and reinforcing cords appropriately selected from steel cords or other cords are attached to the fixing parts on both sides of the part in the axial direction or in the axial direction. On the other hand, the required plies corresponding to the working pressure are embedded in the rubber-like elastic body in a cross-shape in a slightly inclined direction, and the extension of the rubber-like elastic body in the axial direction is restricted, and a reinforcing layer is used near the center to limit expansion. Instead, an easily expandable part where fluid pressure acts effectively in the radial direction is provided, and both ends with reinforcing cords are embedded.
In order to hold high-pressure fluid, the inflatable member is fixed evenly and airtightly to a core bar passing through the center of the inflatable member.
The core metal is provided with a fluid introduction path for pressurizing the pressure fluid into the cylindrical interior of the expansion member, and the fluid introduction path is connected to a groove formed in the axial direction on the outer circumferential surface of the core metal to allow the pressure fluid to flow throughout the expansion member. The rock crushing method of this invention has a structure that facilitates the supply and discharge operation by setting grooves so that it can easily flow into the inner surface and prevent the discharge port from being sealed in the case of discharge. The device was invented.

When using such rubber-like elastic inflatable members, a means to prevent damage is a particularly important factor, as well as to ensure that the crushing force of the high-pressure fluid is effectively applied in the radial direction of the inflatable member. The means are particularly important.

The rock crushing device as described above is inserted into a hole in the rock, and the easily expandable portion of the inflatable member of the device effectively acts on the wall of the hole in the rock to crush the rock.

Note that details of the configuration will be explained using examples.

[Effect]

As described above, this device is composed of a core bar passing through the center and a cylindrical expansion member made of a rubber-like elastic body and a partial reinforcing material, which is inserted along the core bar. Therefore, the stress when the high-pressure fluid is enclosed is applied by the core passing through the center, so the stress applied to the tube wall of the expansion member in the axial and radial directions is reduced, and good durability is obtained. In addition, since it is supported by a penetrating core, it can be easily inserted into a drilled hole in the rock, and the reinforcing cord is axially oriented so that the axial deformation of the rubber-like elastic body, which is a viscoelastic body, is axially oriented. It is very easy to remove after use because it is limited by the amount of water, and it is extremely easy to operate because it is performed simply by press-fitting the fluid. In particular, at both ends of the inflatable member, one end of a reinforcing cord in the axial direction or in a direction slightly inclined to the axis, that is, in the axial direction, is fixed to a fixed part, and the other end is set as a free end and embedded in a rubber-like elastic body. This has the effect of preventing the rubber at both ends from being forced into the gap between the perforation hole and being plastically deformed and damaged by high pressure during inflation. Further, since the deformation in the axial direction of both ends is restricted and the easily expandable part without a reinforcing layer for restricting expansion is set near the center, an effective expansion and crushing effect can be obtained in the radial direction of the easily expandable part.

In addition, both ends of this inflatable member are tightened with fixing fittings to a core metal that passes through this inflatable member, and in combination with the setting of a reinforcing cord, expansion in the longitudinal direction (axial direction) is prevented by high pressure. , the pressure resistance is increased and an effective expansion action is obtained, and since there is no expansion or contraction in the axial direction during expansion, there is no friction with the rough inner wall of the perforated hole, and there is no damage caused by friction. In addition, since the high-pressure fluid is supplied to the expansion member through the groove formed in the axial direction on the core metal, when it is discharged,
The rubber-like elastic body does not cover the discharge port and obstruct the discharge of the fluid, and the high-pressure fluid can be supplied and discharged smoothly.

〔Example〕

Next, a detailed description will be given based on drawings showing an example of implementation.

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the rock crushing device of this invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the state when pressure is introduced.

As shown in the figure, it is necessary to keep the outer diameter to a minimum in order to speed up the pressure supply and discharge time during crushing, and to insert it into the perforated hole, so there is almost no space between the core bar and the expansion member. Basically, it is made in a state where there are no gaps. However, depending on the case, the inner diameter of the inflatable member may be formed to be somewhat larger than that of the fixed part within a permitted range.

In the illustrated drawings, 1 is a core bar, 1a is an axial groove formed on the core bar, 2 is a rubber-like elastic body, 2a is an easily expandable part, and 3 is a reinforcing layer. This is what was used. 4 is a fixing fitting, 5 is a fluid introduction path, 6 is a perforated hole, EM is an expansion member, and FP is a fixing part.

As mentioned above, it is composed of the core metal 1 passing through the center and the expansion member EM formed in a longitudinal shape. The core metal 1 is preferably a solid body or a thick hollow rod-shaped body because it is required to be strong enough to withstand expansion stress and to be resistant to even the slightest deformation. Further, the expansion member EM is configured by fixing both ends of a cylindrical expansion member EM made of a rubber-like elastic body 2 and a partial reinforcing layer 3 to both ends of a core bar 1 passing through the center. So, the inflatable member EM
In the center area, the reinforcing layer 3 that restricts expansion is mainly used for expansion, and an easily inflatable part 2a is formed, and from both sides of the center area toward the fixed part FP,
To prevent the rubber-like elastic body 2 from being pushed out in the axial direction (to prevent it from expanding and contracting in the axial direction) due to high pressure,
For reinforcement to prevent extrusion, the required plies are appropriately selected from reinforcing cords made of steel cords or other materials in the axial direction or a direction slightly inclined to the axis, and are set in an axial or slightly intersecting shape to form a rubber-like reinforcing layer 3. It is embedded in the elastic body 2.

One end of this reinforcing cord is fixed by the fixing part FP, and the other end is set as a free end toward the center to facilitate expansion and to prevent the fixing part FP from pushing out into the gap of the perforated hole 6. It consists of: In order to maintain strength and airtightness against high pressure, the fixing part FP can be fixed by various methods such as vulcanization adhesion to the core metal 1, fixed reinforcement, or an appropriate combination of fixing metal fittings and the like.

Note that when the expansion member EM is inserted and fixed to the core metal 1 after being constructed, various types of fixing fittings are used. In this case, it is necessary to fix the metal wire evenly and airtight due to the high pressure, so either fix the metal wire with a tightly wound fixing ring, tighten it with a metal ring, or tighten the metal wire and the metal ring (or the gap between the metal wire and the metal ring). Nonai 2
Various methods are considered, such as using a split metal ring). High-pressure fluid is introduced into the expansion member EM of the rock crushing device fixed through the expansion member EM through the penetrating core metal 1 from the fluid introduction path 5 through the groove 1a formed in the axial direction on the core metal 1. Then, the expansion member EM is expanded and brought into pressure contact with the perforation hole 6 in the rock, thereby crushing the rock. The outer diameter of the rock crushing device inserted into this hole 6 is usually 96 mmφ, and the inner diameter of the hole 6 in the rock is approximately 102 to 105 mmφ, which is approximately 3 mm.
A clearance of about 5mm is provided. Expandable member EM
Since the reinforcing layer restricts deformation in the axial and radial directions and is fixed to the sturdy core metal 1,
During expansion due to the introduction of high-pressure fluid, there is no expansion or contraction in the axial direction, there is no friction with the rough inner wall of the perforated hole 6, and there is no risk of damage. However, if there is a risk that the outer layer of the rubber-like elastic body 2 of the inflatable member EM may be caught in the rock crack surface of the drilled hole 6 in the rock and cause damage, use a strong material such as urethane elastomer for reinforcement. A combination of protective coverings of materials having the same properties is also contemplated.

In addition, when expanding the expansion member EM and causing a crack in the rock, when the expansion member EM is reduced in pressure and reduced in size, the rubber-like elastic body 2 of the expansion member EM covers the pressure fluid discharge part, causing the fluid to flow out. Therefore, a groove 1a is formed in the axial direction of the core metal 1 to smoothly supply and discharge the fluid.

[Effect of idea]

This invention has the configuration described above, and has the following effects.

(a) Disturbing factors such as plastic deformation and damage at both ends of the inflatable member are eliminated, and durability is significantly increased.

(b) There is no sliding damage due to expansion and contraction of the inflatable member in the axial direction, and durability is maintained.

(c) An effective crushing effect can be obtained by the easily expandable part.

(d) A smooth supply/discharge operation effect can be obtained.

In addition to the above, in general, large machines are not required, and if there is a high-pressure water pressure pump, it can be easily operated at rock sites, and since it is lightweight, it can be easily transported and installed by hand, and it can be installed with many drilling holes. Since a large amount of crushing work can be done at the same time, it has a highly efficient crushing effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the rock crushing device of this invention, and FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing the state of the rock crushing device when pressure is introduced. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Core metal, 1a...Groove part, 2...Rubber-like elastic body, 2a...Easy expansion part, 3...Reinforcement layer, 4...Fixing metal fittings, 5...Fluid introduction path, 6...Drilling hole , E.M.
...Inflatable member, FP...Fixed part.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In a cylindrical inflatable member made of a rubber-like elastic body and a partial reinforcing layer, a reinforcing layer for restricting expansion is placed near the center of the cylindrical inflatable member that is inserted and set along a core bar passing through the center. An easily inflatable part that can be easily inflated is provided, and reinforcement cords appropriately selected from steel cords and other cords are used as a reinforcing layer on both sides of the fixed part at both ends.
The required plies are buried in a rubber-like elastic body in an axial direction or in a crosswise direction in a slightly inclined direction, and both ends where the reinforcing layer is buried are evenly and airtightly tightened to a core bar passing through the center of this inflatable member. The core metal is provided with a fluid introduction passage for pressurizing the pressure fluid into the cylindrical interior of the expansion member, and the fluid introduction passage is connected to a groove formed in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the core metal to supply the pressure fluid. A rock crushing device characterized in that it is configured to be introduced into the rock crushing device.