JPH0142844B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention uses a condensing device in one compressor to perform refrigeration operation in one of two compartments isolated from each other in a cargo compartment, and a refrigerating operation in the other compartment. It can be selectively used in three modes: a mode in which the compartment is in refrigeration operation, a mode in which both chambers are in refrigeration mode, and a mode in which both chambers are in refrigeration mode. The present invention relates to a vehicular refrigeration/refrigeration/cooling system that is capable of performing air-conditioning operations.

(Prior art and its problems) In general, as constant-temperature distribution matures, it becomes necessary to transport each item at an appropriate temperature, and depending on the size of the destination, for example, transporting only frozen or refrigerated products may not be efficient. Therefore, it is desired to be able to simultaneously transport a plurality of items having different suitable transport temperatures. For this reason, conventionally, a cargo compartment with a sealed and insulated structure is divided into two compartments by a partition wall, a cooling device is installed in one of the compartments, a cold air inlet with an opening/closing door is provided at the top of the partition, and a cold air exhaust port with an opening/closing door is provided at the bottom of the partition. Each room has an outlet, one chamber is a freezer that can be cooled to a low temperature (-18℃ or less), and the other chamber is a cold storage, making it possible to simultaneously transport multiple types of goods with different transport management temperatures. A refrigerating vehicle is known, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 54-45556, in which both chambers can be used as a freezer by opening both the opening and closing doors of the outlet and the outlet.

In such conventional systems, a cooling device is installed only in one side, and the use of freezing and cold storage in each compartment depends on the opening/closing control of the opening/closing door, so the indoor temperature can always be accurately controlled in accordance with the cargo being transported. The problem was that I couldn't do it.

(Object of the invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and includes:
A mode in which a condensing device is used in the compressor of the storage compartment, and one of two compartments isolated from each other in the cargo compartment is operated for freezing and the other compartment is operated for refrigeration;
It can be selectively used in three modes: a mode in which both compartments are operated as refrigeration, and a mode in which both compartments are operated in refrigeration mode, and the internal temperature of the cargo compartment can be controlled accurately at all times according to the cargo to be transported. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicular refrigeration/refrigeration/cooling system which is capable of cooling the driver's cab as needed.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a first evaporator for cooling is provided in the driver's cabin, and the first evaporator is installed in the cargo compartment of a sealed and insulated structure, which is isolated from each other. A second and a third evaporator for freezing and refrigeration are respectively arranged in two chambers, and the refrigerant inlets of these first to third evaporators are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of one condensing device. , each of the refrigerant inlet systems of the first to third evaporators is provided with refrigerant flow rate control means for restricting the refrigerant flow rate when the temperature of the two chambers in the driver's cabin and the luggage compartment reaches a predetermined set temperature;
The discharge port of one compressor having two suction ports and one discharge port is connected to the condensing device, and the two suction ports are connected to refrigerant outlets of the second and third evaporator devices. connect through each,
A refrigerant outlet of the first evaporator is connected to one suction port of the compressor, and a pipe line communicating between both the accumulators and the two suction ports of the compressor is connected to a one-way valve and the one-way valve. The downstream side of the one-way valve is connected to the side mainly used for refrigeration by a parallel pipe line interposed with a pipe switching device consisting of a solenoid valve and a solenoid valve equipped so that the flow direction is opposite to the valve. However, when the second and third evaporators are used simultaneously, the one-way valve and the solenoid valve are both closed to shut off the parallel pipe line, and the second and third evaporators are closed.
and when one of the third evaporators is used, and when the pressure on the downstream side of the one-way valve is higher than the pressure on the upstream side, only the solenoid valve is opened; When the pressure is lower than the side pressure, only the one-way valve is opened.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of a vehicle equipped with the refrigeration/refrigeration system of the present invention. One compressor 4 is provided in the driver's cab 2. The compressor 4 is driven by a vehicle running engine (not shown) or an auxiliary engine mounted on the vehicle via an electromagnetic clutch 5, and has two intake ports 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ as shown in FIG. and one discharge port ₄₃ . A luggage compartment 6 having a hermetically insulated structure is mounted and fixed on the loading platform 3. The interior of the cargo compartment 6 is divided into two compartments 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ separated from each other by a partition wall 7 made of a heat insulating material provided approximately in the middle thereof. For example, one condensing device 8 (or a plurality of condensing devices 8 may be used) is disposed in the upper part of the front outside of the luggage compartment 6. As shown in FIG. 2, the condensing device 8 consists of a condenser 8 ₁ , a receiver 8 ₂ , and a blower 8 ₃ , and its refrigerant inlet 8 ₄ is connected to the discharge port 4 ₃ of the compressor 4 through a pipe 9 . The refrigerant outlet 8 ₅ is branched into three refrigerant inlets 10 ₁ , 11 1 of the evaporator 10 , ₁₁ for freezing and refrigeration, and the evaporator 12 for cooling.
The refrigerant inlets 12 ₁ are connected to each other. The evaporators 10 and 11 for freezing and refrigeration are disposed at the upper side of both compartments 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ in the luggage compartment 6, and the evaporator 12 for cooling is disposed at a predetermined position in the driver's cab 2, respectively. It is set up. These evaporators 1
0 and 11 have the same configuration, and 12 has a known similar configuration, and evaporators 10 ₂ , 11 ₂ , 12 ₂ ,
Expansion valves 10 ₃ , 11 ₃ , 12 ₃ and blowers 10 ₄ , 1
It consists of 1 ₄ and 12 ₄ . Refrigerant outlet ₈₅ of the condensing device 8 and refrigerant inlet 1 of the evaporator 10, 11, 12
0 ₁ , 11 ₁ , 12 ₁ connection pipes 13 ₁ , 13 ₂ , 13
₃ is a solenoid valve 14 ₁ , 14 which is a refrigerant flow rate limiting means.
₂ and 14 ₃ are interposed respectively. These electromagnetic valves 14 ₁ to 14 ₃ are normally closed types, and are turned on when energized, open, and turned off when the temperature of both chambers 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ in the cargo compartment 6 and the driver's cab 2 reach a predetermined set temperature. The valve is then closed. The refrigerant outlets 10 ₅ , 11 ₅ of the evaporator 10 , 11 for freezing and refrigeration are connected to the accumulator 16 , via pipes 15 ₁ , 15 ₂ .
17 refrigerant inlets 16 ₁ , 17 ₁ , and refrigerant outlets 16 ₂ , 17 of these accumulators 16 , 17 .
17 ₂ are connected to the suction ports 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ of the compressor 4 via pipes 18 ₁ and 18 ₂ , respectively. A pipe switching device 19 is interposed between the refrigerant outlet pipes 18 ₁ and 18 ₂ of the accumulators 16 and 17. The switching device 19 is a one-way valve 19
₂ , and a solenoid valve ₁₉₄ installed so that the flow direction is opposite to that of the one-way valve 192, and these one-way valves ₁₉₂ and solenoid valves ₁₉₄ are arranged in parallel pipes (parallel pipes) _. ) 19 ₁ , 19 ₃ and connected so that the downstream side of the one-way valve 19 ₂ communicates with the side mainly used for refrigeration (the outlet pipe 18 ₂ side), and the one-way valve 19 ₂ The upstream side is connected to the side mainly used for refrigeration (the outlet pipe ₁₈₁ side). The solenoid valve ₁₉₄ is of a normally closed type, and when the internal pressure of the outlet pipe ₁₈₁ decreases due to the closing of the solenoid valve ₁₄₁ , it is turned on and opened by energization, and the outlet pipes ₁₈₁ and ₁₈₂ are opened. communicate. When the internal pressure of the outlet pipe line 18 ₂ decreases due to the closing of the solenoid valve 14 ₂ , the one-way valve 19 ₂
automatically opens and the outlet pipes 18 ₁ and 18 ₂ communicate with each other. Refrigerant outlet 1 of the cooling evaporator 12
2 ₅ is connected to the outlet 18 ₂ on the one side of the accumulator 17 through a conduit 20 . An evaporation pressure regulating valve 21 is interposed in the middle of the pipe line 20, and the pressure regulating valve 21 adjusts the refrigerant pressure (evaporation pressure) in the cooling evaporator 12 to the second level in the cargo space 6. The refrigerant pressure (evaporation pressure) is maintained higher than the refrigerant pressure (evaporation pressure) in the evaporator 11 of the chamber ₆₂ , and is adjusted so that it evaporates at a temperature suitable for cooling the driver's cabin 2. The accumulators 16, 17 and the switching device 19 are disposed on the side of the loading platform 3, and the evaporation pressure regulating valve 21 is disposed inside the operator's cab 2, as shown in FIG. Further, the evaporator 10,
As shown in FIG _. For example, set the cooling temperature of 6 ₂ to −18
The cooling temperature of the driver's cab 2 can be arbitrarily set within the range of 20°C to 25°C using the detector 24.

(Function) Next, the function of the vehicle refrigeration/cooling device having the above configuration will be explained.

First, if the first chamber 6 ₁ is to be operated in the freezing mode and the second chamber 6 ₂ is in the refrigeration mode, and at the same time the driver's cab 2 is to be operated in the cooling mode, the temperature sensor 22 of the first chamber 6 ₁ should be turned on. For example, the temperature sensor 23 of the second chamber ₆₂ is set to +5°C, and the temperature sensor 24 of the driver's cab 2 is set to, for example, +24°C. In this state,
When the compressor 4 is rotationally driven by the power of the engine via the electromagnetic clutch 5, the refrigerant is compressed and becomes high temperature and high pressure, and the refrigerant is compressed from the discharge port ₄₃ to the pipe line 9.
After flowing into the condensing device 8 through the inside and becoming a high temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant by a known action, the refrigerant flows through the pipe 13 ₁
~ ₁₃₃ , respectively, into the evaporators 10, 11, and ₁₂ through the electromagnetic valves ₁₄₁ to 143. These evaporators 10, 11, and 12 cool both chambers 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ in the cargo compartment 6 and the driver's cabin 2 by a known function, thereby reducing the internal temperature thereof. Among the refrigerants that performed the cooling action in these evaporators 10, 11, 12, the first chamber 6 ₁
The refrigerant from the evaporator 10 passes through the conduit 15 ₁ , the accumulator 16 and the conduit 18 ₁ and is drawn in from the first suction port 4 ₁ of the compressor 4 . Further, the refrigerant from the evaporator 11 in the second chamber 6 ₂ is transferred to the pipe 1
5 ₂ , is inhaled from the second suction port 4 ₂ of the compressor 4 through the accumulator 17 and the pipe 18 ₂ . Further, the refrigerant from the evaporator 12 in the operator's cab 2 passes through the pipe 20 and the pressure regulating valve 21 and joins with the refrigerant from the accumulator 17 ₂ in the pipe 18 ₂ to the second suction port 4 of the compressor 4. Inhaled from ₂ .
In this way, the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 4 from both the suction ports 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ is compressed again. Such actions are performed continuously to perform a so-called refrigeration cycle operation.

Then, as the cooling action progresses, for example, the second chamber 6
When the temperature of _{the second} chamber 62 reaches the set temperature (+5°C), the temperature detector 23 detects this, and based on the detection signal, the _second solenoid valve 142 (on the evaporator 11 side of the second chamber 62) is _activated . The valve is turned off and the valve is closed, and the flow of refrigerant into the evaporator 11 in the second chamber ₆₂ is stopped. Then, all the refrigerant sucked from the second suction port ₄₂ of the compressor 4 flows through the evaporator 12 in the driver's cab 2, and as a large amount of the refrigerant flows,
For example, when the temperature of the driver's cab 2 reaches the set temperature (+24°C), the temperature detector 24 detects this, and based on the detection signal, the third (evaporator 12 of the driver's cab 2)
side) solenoid valve 14 ₃ turns off and becomes closed,
The flow of refrigerant into the evaporator 12 in the driver's cab 2 is stopped. Therefore, the second and third solenoid valves 14 ₂ and 1
The pressure in the pipes 15 2 and 18 ₂ leading to the compressor ₄ via the evaporator 11 and the accumulator 17 in the second chamber 6 ₂ downstream of ₄ 3, the evaporator 12 in the operator's cab 2, and the pressure adjustment The pressure in the line 20, 182 leading to the compressor ₄ via the valve 21 decreases.
On the other hand, the temperature of the first chamber 6 ₁ is the set temperature (-18℃)
, the evaporator 10 of the first chamber ₆₁ ,
The pressure in the pipes 15 ₁ , 18 ₁ leading to the compressor 4 via the accumulator 16 is reduced to the pipes 15 ₂ , 18 2 on the evaporator 11 and 12 side of the second chamber 6 ₂ and the driver's cab ₂ . It is high compared to the pressure inside 20. Therefore, the pipe line 18 ₁ on the evaporator 10 side of the first chamber 6 ₁
A part of the refrigerant in the one-way valve 19 of the switching device 19 ₂
through the second chamber 6 ₂ and the evaporator 1 of the operator cab 2
It passes through the pipes 18 ₂ on the 1 and 12 sides and is sucked in from the second suction port 4 ₂ of the compressor 4 and compressed. Contrary to the above, if the temperature of the first chamber 6 ₁ reaches the set temperature and the temperature of the second chamber 6 ₂ does not reach the set temperature, the first (evaporator 10 side of the first chamber 6 ₁ ) The solenoid valve 14 ₁ of the switching device 19 is turned off and the valve is closed, and the solenoid valve 19 ₄ of the switching device 19 is turned on and the valve is opened. By closing the first solenoid valve 14 ₁ , the first
The flow of refrigerant into the evaporator 10 of the chamber 6 ₁ is stopped. Therefore, the evaporator 10 and the accumulator 1 in the first chamber 6 ₁ on the downstream side of the first solenoid valve 14 ₁
Pipe line 15 ₁ , 1 leading to compressor 4 via 6
8 The pressure inside ₁ decreases. Therefore, the refrigerant in the pipes 15 _{2 ,} 18 ₂ which reach the compressor 4 via the evaporator 11 and the accumulator 17 in the second chamber 6 2 and the operating room 2 and the compressor 4 via the pressure regulating valve 21 A part of the refrigerant in the pipes 20 and 18 ₂ passes through the solenoid valve 19 ₄ of the switching device 19 into the pipe 18 ₁ on the evaporator 10 side of the first chamber 6 ₁ and is transferred to the first chamber 6 of the compressor 4. It is sucked in through the suction port ₄₁ and compressed. In this way, when the temperature of any one of the two compartments 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ in the cargo compartment 6 and the driver's cab 2 reaches a predetermined temperature and cooling is no longer necessary, the refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator of that compartment. At the same time as the inflow is stopped, the refrigerant flowing out from the evaporator in the other chamber that continues to be cooled can be sucked in through both suction ports 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ of the compressor 4 and compressed.

In addition, the temperature detectors 2 in both compartments 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ in the luggage compartment 6
For example, if 2 and 23 are set to -18℃, both chambers 6 ₁ ,
Both chambers 6 ₁ and 6 2 are in refrigeration operation, and if the temperature detectors 22 and 23 are set to, for example, +5°C, both chambers 6 ₁ ,
6 Both ₂ are in refrigerated operation. Furthermore, when both chambers 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ and the operator's cab 2 do not require cooling, the electromagnetic clutch 5 is disconnected to stop the compressor 4 from driving. Note that by using R502 as the refrigerant, it is possible to effectively operate three rooms of freezing, refrigeration, and cooling in parallel.

In the above embodiment, the functions are three-way simultaneous operation of freezing, refrigeration, and cooling, but due to the nature of freezing and refrigeration, the order of priority is set as freezing, refrigeration, and cooling, for example, in the handling standards for frozen foods. Refrigeration operation is started at the end of precooling, and a temperature detector for starting operation is provided separately from the detectors 22 and 23 so that, for example, cooling operation is started after the temperature of the refrigerator compartment reaches +10°C. Good too. Further _, although _{the refrigerant flow rate limiting means is configured by the solenoid valves 14 1 , 14 2 , 14 3 ,} it is not limited to this.
Expansion valve 1 whose opening degree is controlled in relation to the on/off operation of blowers 10 ₄ , 11 ₄ , 12 ₄ of 11 and 12
0 ₃ , 11 ₃ , and 12 ₃ may constitute the refrigerant flow rate limiting means. Moreover, although the above description is equipped with a device that enables the use of two-compartment refrigeration, one compartment may be limited to refrigeration only. According to the above embodiment, the evaporation pressure regulating valve 21 is provided on the outlet side of the evaporator 12 for the driver's cab 2, but if the operating temperature of the cargo compartment ₆₂ is limited to refrigeration (0°C or higher), The evaporation pressure regulating valve 21 can also be omitted.

(Effects of the Invention) As described in detail above, the vehicle refrigeration/cooling system of the present invention has a first evaporator for cooling disposed in the driver's cabin, and two evaporators isolated from each other in the cargo compartment having a hermetically insulated structure. Second and third evaporators for freezing and refrigeration are respectively arranged in the room, and the refrigerant inlets of these first to third evaporators are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condensing device, and A refrigerant flow rate limiting means for restricting the refrigerant flow rate when the temperature of the two chambers in the driver's cab and cargo compartment reaches a predetermined set temperature is provided in the refrigerant inlet line of the evaporator of No. 3, respectively, and the two suction ports and the A discharge port of one compressor having three discharge ports is connected to the condensing device, and two suction ports are connected to refrigerant outlets of the second and third evaporation devices via an accumulator, respectively. A refrigerant outlet of the first evaporator is connected to one suction port of the compressor, and a pipe line communicating between both the accumulators and the two suction ports of the compressor is connected to a one-way valve and the one-way valve. The downstream side of the one-way valve is connected to the side mainly used for refrigeration by a parallel pipe line interposed with a pipe switching device consisting of a solenoid valve and a solenoid valve equipped so that the flow direction is opposite to the valve. However, when the second and third evaporators are used simultaneously, the one-way valve and the solenoid valve are both closed to shut off the parallel pipe line, and the second and third evaporators are When using one, when the downstream pressure of the one-way valve is higher than the upstream pressure, only the solenoid valve is opened, and when the downstream pressure of the one-way valve is lower than the upstream pressure, the solenoid valve is opened. It is constructed so that only one-way valve is opened.

Therefore, by combining a condensing device with a single compressor and an evaporator installed in two mutually isolated compartments in the luggage compartment and an evaporator installed in the driver's cab, an operating mode is realized in which one compartment is used for freezing and the other compartment is used for refrigeration. It is possible to perform an operation mode in which both chambers are frozen or both chambers are refrigerated, and when one of the chambers reaches the set temperature, the refrigerant is not supplied to the evaporator in that one chamber. At the same time as stopping the inflow, the refrigerant flowing out from the evaporator in the compartment that continues to be cooled is switched to communicate with the two intake ports of the compressor, and the internal temperature of the cargo compartment is always accurately controlled according to the cargo to be transported. At the same time, the driver's cabin can also be cooled if necessary.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a vehicle equipped with the refrigeration/cooling device of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the refrigeration/cooling device of the present invention. 1... Vehicle, 2... Driver's cab, 4... Compressor, 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ ... Compressor suction port, 4 ₃ ...
...Compressor outlet, 6...Cargo compartment, 6 ₁ , 6 ₂
...Chamber within the cargo compartment, 8...Condensing device, 8 ₄ ...Refrigerant inlet of the condensing device, 8 ₅ ...Refrigerant outlet of the condensing device,
10, 11, 12...evaporation device, 10 ₁ , 11 ₁ ,
12 ₁ ... Refrigerant inlet of evaporator, 10 ₃ , 11 ₃ ,
12 ₃ ... expansion valve of evaporator, 10 ₄ , 11 ₄ , 1
2 ₄ ...Evaporator blower, 14 ₁ , 14 ₂ , 14 ₃
...Solenoid valve (refrigerant flow rate limiting means), 16, 17...
... Accumulator, 16 ₁ , 17 ₁ ... Refrigerant inlet of the accumulator, 16 ₂ , 17 ₂ ... Refrigerant outlet of the accumulator, 18 ₁ , 18 ₂ ... Outlet pipe, 19 ... Switching device, 21...Evaporation pressure adjustment valve.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A first evaporator for cooling is disposed in the driver's cabin, and second and third evaporators for freezing and refrigerating are installed in two mutually isolated compartments in the cargo compartment with a hermetically insulated structure. The refrigerant inlets of the first to third evaporators are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlets of the condensing device, and the refrigerant inlet lines of the first to third evaporators are connected to the operator's cab. and a refrigerant flow rate limiting means for restricting the refrigerant flow rate when the temperature of the two compartments in the cargo compartment reaches a predetermined set temperature, and the discharge port of one compressor having two suction ports and one discharge port. is connected to the condensing device, two suction ports are connected to the refrigerant outlets of the second and third evaporators via accumulators, and the refrigerant outlet of the first evaporator is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the compressor. A one-way valve and a solenoid valve equipped with a pipe line connected to one suction port and communicating the two suction ports of the two accumulators and the compressor so that the flow direction is opposite to that of the one-way valve. The downstream side of the one-way valve is connected to the side mainly used for refrigeration through parallel pipes interposed with a pipe switching device, and the second and third evaporators are connected at the same time. When in use, the one-way valve and the solenoid valve are both closed to shut off the parallel pipe line, and when one of the second and third evaporators is used, the one-way valve downstream of the one-way valve is closed. When the side pressure is higher than the upstream pressure, only the solenoid valve is opened, and when the downstream pressure of the one-way valve is lower than the upstream pressure, only the one-way valve is opened. Features of vehicle refrigeration and cooling equipment. 2. The vehicular refrigeration/cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow rate limiting means comprises a solenoid valve. 3. The vehicular refrigeration/refrigeration/cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant flow rate limiting means comprises an expansion valve whose opening degree is controlled in relation to the on/off operation of the blower of the evaporator. .