JPH0143207B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0143207B2 JPH0143207B2 JP58162828A JP16282883A JPH0143207B2 JP H0143207 B2 JPH0143207 B2 JP H0143207B2 JP 58162828 A JP58162828 A JP 58162828A JP 16282883 A JP16282883 A JP 16282883A JP H0143207 B2 JPH0143207 B2 JP H0143207B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- boiler
- amount
- fuel
- main shaft
- control panel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
- F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/08—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water
- F23N1/082—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2225/00—Measuring
- F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
- F23N2225/10—Measuring temperature stack temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2233/00—Ventilators
- F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
- F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
- F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
- F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の技術分野〕
本発明は、ボイラの燃焼用空気量の制御装置に
係り、特に省電力や省燃費のために押込通風機に
可変速装置を用いて風量を制御し、低酸素燃焼制
御を行うボイラの燃焼用空気量の制御装置に関す
るものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a control device for the amount of combustion air in a boiler, and in particular to a device for controlling the amount of air for combustion in a boiler, and in particular, a variable speed device is used in a forced draft fan to control the amount of air. The present invention relates to a combustion air amount control device for a boiler that performs low-oxygen combustion control.
まず、従来の制御装置を第１図により説明す
る。第１図において、１は可変速装置や速度指令
回路を含んだボイラ全体の制御盤、２はボイラの
負荷量に応じて燃料油量を調節する主制御器（マ
スターコントローラ）である。この主制御器２は
主軸３およびリンク機構４を介して燃料供給管路
５に介装された燃料調節弁６を開閉制御するよう
になつている。この管路５には燃料ポンプ７およ
び燃料油量の発信器８が介装されており、この発
信器８は前記制御盤１と接続されている。そし
て、この管路の先端には、ボイラ本体Ｂ内に燃料
を噴射する燃焼用バーナ９が突設されている。一
方、ボイラの燃焼用空気は、インバータなどによ
り可変速運転を行う押込通風機用電動機１０に駆
動される押込通風機１１により供給されるように
なつており、この電動機１０は前記制御盤１によ
り制御されるようになつている。前記ボイラ本体
Ｂの煙道１２には排ガス中の酸素濃度を検出する
酸素濃度検出器１３が設けられており、この酸素
濃度検出器１３は前記制御盤１と接続されてい
る。さらに、前記ボイラ本体Ｂ内には、水ドラム
１４と一対の水管１５，１５を介して接続された
蒸気ドラム１６が配設されており、この蒸気ドラ
ム１６には、給水ポンプ１７の介装された給水管
１８が接続されている。そして、この蒸気ドラム
１６内で発生した蒸気は、主蒸気管１９を介して
負荷側へ送気されるようになつており、その蒸気
圧力は主蒸気管１９から導圧配管２０を介して主
制御器１２へ伝達されるようになつている。
First, a conventional control device will be explained with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, 1 is a control panel for the entire boiler including a variable speed device and a speed command circuit, and 2 is a main controller (master controller) that adjusts the amount of fuel oil according to the load amount of the boiler. This main controller 2 is designed to open and close a fuel control valve 6 installed in a fuel supply pipe 5 via a main shaft 3 and a link mechanism 4. A fuel pump 7 and a fuel oil quantity transmitter 8 are interposed in the conduit 5, and the transmitter 8 is connected to the control panel 1. A combustion burner 9 for injecting fuel into the boiler main body B is protruded from the tip of this pipe. On the other hand, combustion air for the boiler is supplied by a forced draft fan 11 driven by a forced draft fan electric motor 10 that is operated at variable speed by an inverter or the like, and this motor 10 is controlled by the control panel 1. It's becoming controlled. The flue 12 of the boiler body B is provided with an oxygen concentration detector 13 for detecting the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, and this oxygen concentration detector 13 is connected to the control panel 1. Furthermore, a steam drum 16 connected to the water drum 14 via a pair of water pipes 15, 15 is disposed within the boiler main body B, and a water supply pump 17 is interposed in the steam drum 16. A water supply pipe 18 is connected thereto. The steam generated in this steam drum 16 is sent to the load side via a main steam pipe 19, and the steam pressure is transferred from the main steam pipe 19 to the main steam pipe 20 via a pressure piping 20. The information is transmitted to the controller 12.
この第１図のボイラは、蒸気発生量が５〜30
〔トン／時〕程度の中小容量のボイラであるが、
このボイラにおける一般的な蒸気圧力一定制御に
ついて説明する。 The boiler shown in Figure 1 has a steam generation amount of 5 to 30
Although it is a boiler with a small to medium capacity of about [tons/hour],
General steam pressure constant control in this boiler will be explained.
燃料調節弁６の開度により決定される燃料消費
量と蒸気使用量が、ある点で平衡していて、蒸気
圧力が一定である運転状態において、例えば、蒸
気使用量が増加すると、蒸気圧力が低下する。 In an operating state where the fuel consumption determined by the opening degree of the fuel control valve 6 and the steam usage are in equilibrium at a certain point and the steam pressure is constant, for example, if the steam usage increases, the steam pressure will increase. descend.
そこで、低下した蒸気圧力を蒸気圧力導圧配管
２０で主制御器２へ導き、この主制御器２は、設
定された蒸気圧力になるように出力を変化させ
て、この出力を主軸３を介してリンク機構４へ伝
達する。このリンク機構４は燃料調節弁６に接続
されており、このリンク機構４により燃料調節弁
６の開度を少し拡開して燃料油量を増加させて、
増加した蒸気量に見合つた燃料油量に調整し、蒸
気圧力が設定された圧力になるように燃焼を制す
る。 Therefore, the reduced steam pressure is guided to the main controller 2 through the steam pressure impulse piping 20, and the main controller 2 changes the output so that the set steam pressure is reached, and sends this output through the main shaft 3. and is transmitted to the link mechanism 4. This link mechanism 4 is connected to a fuel control valve 6, and the link mechanism 4 slightly expands the opening of the fuel control valve 6 to increase the amount of fuel oil.
The amount of fuel oil is adjusted to match the increased amount of steam, and combustion is controlled so that the steam pressure reaches the set pressure.
また、燃焼に必要な燃焼用空気量は、空気比が
一定になるように制御盤１から押込通風機用電動
機１０へ回転速度指令を出して、押込通風機１１
の回転速度を制御する。そして、燃料油量が増加
すれば、押込通風機１１の回転速度を増加して風
量を増加することになる。 In addition, the amount of combustion air required for combustion is determined by issuing a rotation speed command from the control panel 1 to the forced draft fan electric motor 10 so that the air ratio is constant.
control the rotation speed. If the amount of fuel oil increases, the rotational speed of the forced draft fan 11 is increased to increase the air volume.
また、空気比（ｍ）は
ｍ＝使用空気量／燃料に必要な理論空気量
で表わされるものであり、この数値が「1.00…」
と限りなく「１」に近づくほど、すなわち、使用
空気量を理論空気量に近づけて、燃焼に関与しな
い空気量を極力減らすことにより、ボイラ効率が
向上し、省燃費となる。燃焼しない空気（実際に
燃焼するのは酸素）は、ボイラの発生熱を奪い、
煙道１２から排出されるのでボイラ効率を下げる
原因となるからである。つぎに、従来のものにお
ける押込通風機１１の速度制御方法を説明する。 In addition, the air ratio (m) is expressed as m = amount of air used/theoretical amount of air required for fuel, and this value is "1.00..."
As it approaches "1", that is, by bringing the amount of air used closer to the theoretical amount of air and reducing the amount of air that does not participate in combustion as much as possible, the boiler efficiency improves and fuel efficiency is improved. The air that does not burn (actually burns oxygen) takes away the heat generated by the boiler,
This is because it is discharged from the flue 12, which causes a reduction in boiler efficiency. Next, a conventional method for controlling the speed of the forced draft fan 11 will be explained.
ボイラの負荷量の変化、すなわち、蒸気使用量
が変化したことを、燃料ポンプ７の配管５に取り
付けた油量発信器８で検出して、電気信号に変換
して制御盤１へ送る。制御盤１では、この信号を
押込通風機用電動機１０の速度指冷信号に変換し
て、押込通風機用電機１０の回転速度を予め変化
させる。 A change in the load amount of the boiler, that is, a change in the amount of steam used, is detected by an oil amount transmitter 8 attached to the piping 5 of the fuel pump 7, converted into an electric signal, and sent to the control panel 1. The control panel 1 converts this signal into a speed command cooling signal for the forced draft fan electric motor 10, and changes the rotational speed of the forced draft fan electric motor 10 in advance.
また、この速度制御を行つた結果の空気比を、
煙道１２に設置した酸素濃度検出器１３により醸
素濃度として検知して制御盤１へ送り、設定空気
比との間に偏差があれば、この偏差を打ち消す信
号も加えて演算し、速度指令信号に変換して、押
込通風機用電動機８の回転速度を微調整して、設
定した空気比、すなわち設定した酸素濃度になる
ように風量を制御する。空気中の酸素濃度は約21
〔％〕であるが、燃焼後の排ガス中の酸素濃度を
極力低く一定に、具体的には１〜５〔％〕の範囲
内で一定に制御する。 Also, the air ratio resulting from this speed control is
The oxygen concentration detector 13 installed in the flue 12 detects the oxygen concentration and sends it to the control panel 1. If there is a deviation from the set air ratio, a signal to cancel this deviation is also calculated and a speed command is sent. The signal is converted into a signal, and the rotational speed of the forced draft fan electric motor 8 is finely adjusted to control the air volume so that the set air ratio, that is, the set oxygen concentration is achieved. The oxygen concentration in the air is approximately 21
[%], but the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas after combustion is controlled to be as low and constant as possible, specifically within the range of 1 to 5 [%].
なお、前記主制御器２は、設定された蒸気圧力
と、蒸気圧力導圧配管２０で導いた主蒸気管１９
の圧力の偏差を検知する制御部と、この制御部で
得られた信号により動作する駆動部とで構成され
ており、駆動部で得られた回転力を、主軸３へ伝
達し、さらにリンク機構４を介して燃料調節弁６
へ送る。 The main controller 2 controls the set steam pressure and the main steam pipe 19 guided by the steam pressure guidance piping 20.
It consists of a control section that detects the deviation of the pressure of 4 through the fuel control valve 6
send to
また、空気比（ｍ）と排ガス中の酸素濃度O2
（％）の間には、つぎの簡易式が成り立ち、空気
比（ｍ）を小さくすることは酸素濃度O2（％）を
下げることになる。 In addition, the air ratio (m) and the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas O 2
(%), the following simple formula holds true, and reducing the air ratio (m) means lowering the oxygen concentration O 2 (%).
ｍ≒21／21−O2
しかしながら、前述した従来の油量発信器８に
てボイラの負荷量を検知して押込通風機１１を速
度制御する方式では、油量検知器８が高価であ
り、省電力や省燃費を目的としている場合は投資
の回収期間が長くなる欠点があつた。 m≒21/21−O 2 However, in the conventional method described above in which the load amount of the boiler is detected by the oil amount transmitter 8 and the speed of the forced draft fan 11 is controlled, the oil amount detector 8 is expensive; If the purpose is to save electricity or save fuel, the disadvantage is that the return period for investment is long.
本発明は、このような点に鑑み、主制御器に接
続された主軸の軸端にポテンシヨメータを取り付
けて、主軸の角度の変化をボイラ負荷量の変化信
号として制御盤へ伝達するようにして安価に製造
できるボイラの燃焼用空気量の制御装置を提供す
ることを目的としている。
In view of these points, the present invention includes a potentiometer attached to the shaft end of the main shaft connected to the main controller, and changes in the angle of the main shaft are transmitted to the control panel as a boiler load change signal. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a combustion air amount control device for a boiler that can be manufactured at low cost.
以下、本発明を図面に示す実施例により設明す
る。なお、前述した従来のものと同一の構成につ
いては、図面中に同一の符号を付し、その説明は
省略する。
The present invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. Note that the same components as those of the conventional device described above are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and the explanation thereof will be omitted.
第２図において、主軸３の先端には制御盤１と
接続されたポテンシヨメータ２１が突設されてお
り、この第２図の構成においては、第１図の油量
発信器８は必要とされない。 In Fig. 2, a potentiometer 21 connected to the control panel 1 is protruded from the tip of the main shaft 3, and in the configuration shown in Fig. 2, the oil amount transmitter 8 shown in Fig. 1 is not necessary. Not done.
また、第３図にはポテンシヨメータ２１の近傍
の詳細が示されている。第３図において、主軸３
の先端には、ねじ２２によりポテンシヨメータ２
１の回転軸２３が固定されており、一方、ポテン
シヨメータ２１は、ねじ２４によりボイラ本体Ｂ
に突設されたブラケツト２５に固定されている。 Further, FIG. 3 shows details of the vicinity of the potentiometer 21. In Fig. 3, the main shaft 3
At the tip of the potentiometer 2 is attached with a screw 22.
1 is fixed, and the potentiometer 21 is connected to the boiler body B by a screw 24.
It is fixed to a bracket 25 protruding from.
つぎに、前述した実施例の作用について説明す
る。 Next, the operation of the embodiment described above will be explained.
ボイラ負荷量が変化した場合、燃料油量の制御
は従来のものと同様にして燃料調節弁６の開度を
調節して行う。 When the boiler load amount changes, the fuel oil amount is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the fuel control valve 6 in the same manner as in the conventional system.
燃焼空気量は制御する場合、主制御器２に接続
された主軸３の回転角度が変わると、ポテンシヨ
メータ２１の回転軸２３もそれにつれて変化する
ので、ポテンシヨメータ２１内の抵抗の変化とな
り、電圧の変化となる。この電圧の変化をボイラ
負荷量の変化信号として制御盤１内で速度指令信
号に変換して、押込通風機用電動機１０の回転速
度を予め変化させる。 When controlling the amount of combustion air, when the rotation angle of the main shaft 3 connected to the main controller 2 changes, the rotation shaft 23 of the potentiometer 21 changes accordingly, resulting in a change in the resistance inside the potentiometer 21. , resulting in a change in voltage. This voltage change is converted into a speed command signal in the control panel 1 as a boiler load change signal to change the rotational speed of the forced draft fan motor 10 in advance.
その後は、従来のものと同様に、酸素濃度計１
３により燃焼排ガス中の残存酸素濃度を検出し、
ポテンシヨメータ２１で定めた速度指令信号にフ
イードバツク制御を加えて、回転速度を微調整
し、設定した酸素濃度になるように風量を制御す
る。 After that, as with the conventional one, use the oxygen concentration meter 1.
3 to detect the residual oxygen concentration in the combustion exhaust gas,
Feedback control is added to the speed command signal determined by the potentiometer 21 to finely adjust the rotational speed and control the air volume so that the set oxygen concentration is achieved.
本実施例によれば、ポテンシヨメータ２１は１
台約１万円であり、従来のものにおける油量発信
器８の１台50万円と比べ、極めて安価に製造でき
る。 According to this embodiment, the potentiometer 21 has 1
The cost is about 10,000 yen per unit, and compared to the conventional oil quantity transmitter 8 which costs 500,000 yen per unit, it can be manufactured extremely cheaply.
なお、主軸３の回転角度を検出する器具とし
は、ポテンシヨメータ２１以外に、ポテンシヨメ
ータ２１と同様の構造の可変抵抗器を主軸３に取
り付けて、抵抗値の大きさの変化を主軸３の回転
角度の変化としてもよい。 In addition to the potentiometer 21, as a device for detecting the rotation angle of the main shaft 3, a variable resistor having the same structure as the potentiometer 21 is attached to the main shaft 3, and changes in the resistance value are detected by the main shaft 3. It may also be a change in the rotation angle.
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、安価に
構成できるし、また、従来のものにおけるような
燃料調節弁が動作して油量発信器が変化し始める
までの遅れがなくなり、ボイラ負荷量の変化の過
渡期の空気比の不平衡度が小さくなる。また、本
発明は既設押込通風機に可変速装置を追加して省
エネ投資を行う場合において、既設ボイラからボ
イラ負荷量の信号を取り出せない場合に、安価に
ボイラ負荷量の信号を取り出すことをも対象とし
ている。
As explained above, according to the present invention, it can be constructed at low cost, and there is no delay until the fuel control valve operates and the oil quantity transmitter starts to change, which is the case with conventional ones, and the boiler load The degree of unbalance in the air ratio during the transition period of change in is reduced. Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for extracting the boiler load signal at a low cost when it is not possible to extract the boiler load signal from the existing boiler when investing in energy saving by adding a variable speed device to the existing forced draft fan. It is targeted.
第１図は従来のボイラの燃焼用空気量の制御装
置を示す系統図、第２図は本発明に係るボイラの
燃焼用空気量の制御装置の実施例を示す系統図、
第３図は第２図のポテンシヨメータ近傍の詳細斜
視図である。
１……制御盤、２……主制御器、３……主軸、
６……燃料調節弁、７……燃料ポンプ、８……油
量発信器、９……バーナ、１０……電動機、１１
……押込通風機、１９……主蒸気管、２０……導
圧配管、２１……ポテンシヨメータ。
FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a conventional boiler combustion air amount control device, and FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a boiler combustion air amount control device according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a detailed perspective view of the vicinity of the potentiometer shown in FIG. 2. 1...Control panel, 2...Main controller, 3...Main shaft,
6... Fuel control valve, 7... Fuel pump, 8... Oil quantity transmitter, 9... Burner, 10... Electric motor, 11
... forced draft fan, 19 ... main steam pipe, 20 ... pressure piping, 21 ... potentiometer.
Claims (1)
体の制御盤と、ボイラの負荷量に応じて燃料油量
を調節する主制御器と、この制御器に接続された
主軸を介して制御される燃料調節弁と、前記制御
盤により燃焼用空気量を可変速に調節される押込
通風機を有するボイラの燃焼用空気量の制御装置
において、前記主軸に、この主軸の回転角度を検
出してボイラ負荷量の大きさを検知する回転角度
検出器を突設し、この検出器が検出した主軸の回
転角度をボイラ負荷量の大きさとして前記制御盤
に伝達するようにしたことを特徴とするボイラの
燃焼用空気量の制御装置。1 Controlled through the control panel for the entire boiler including the variable speed device and speed command circuit, the main controller that adjusts the amount of fuel oil according to the boiler load, and the main shaft connected to this controller In a combustion air amount control device for a boiler having a fuel control valve and a forced draft fan whose combustion air amount is regulated at variable speed by the control panel, the boiler is operated by detecting the rotation angle of the main shaft. A boiler characterized in that a rotation angle detector for detecting the magnitude of the load is provided in a protruding manner, and the rotation angle of the main shaft detected by the detector is transmitted to the control panel as the magnitude of the boiler load. A control device for the amount of combustion air.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58162828A JPS6053717A (en) | 1983-09-05 | 1983-09-05 | Control device for amount of combustion air for boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58162828A JPS6053717A (en) | 1983-09-05 | 1983-09-05 | Control device for amount of combustion air for boiler |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6053717A JPS6053717A (en) | 1985-03-27 |
| JPH0143207B2 true JPH0143207B2 (en) | 1989-09-19 |
Family
ID=15762005
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58162828A Granted JPS6053717A (en) | 1983-09-05 | 1983-09-05 | Control device for amount of combustion air for boiler |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6053717A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6094277B2 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2017-03-15 | 三浦工業株式会社 | Boiler load analyzer |
| JP6273758B2 (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2018-02-07 | 株式会社Ihi | Vane opening measurement device, hysteresis curve creation method, and hysteresis calculation method |
-
1983
- 1983-09-05 JP JP58162828A patent/JPS6053717A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6053717A (en) | 1985-03-27 |
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