JPH0143441B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a load device used for measuring and testing the output characteristics of a power supply device such as a generator.

[Prior Art] A water resistor is used as a conventional load device of this type. As shown in Figure 5, this water resistor α consists of three electrode plates b connected to three-phase high-voltage cables a, and is suspended by installing a frame d in a water tank c that is approximately 3 m long and 3 m wide and 2 m high. It is used by adjusting the load by adjusting the amount inserted into the water, and the output power of the generator is consumed by using the water in the water tank c as a resistance. This power consumption gradually raises the water temperature and increases the conductivity of the water.
If this continues, dielectric breakdown of the water will occur and an arc will occur, which is dangerous. Therefore, to prevent this, aquarium c
As shown by the arrow in Figure 5, it is essential to constantly supply cold water from rivers, fire hydrants, or water storage tanks, while draining warm water to maintain the water temperature in tank c below a certain level. . For this reason, the water resistor α
When using it, first of all, a large amount of water is required.

To illustrate this concretely, by supplying water at 20℃,
Assuming that hot water at ℃ is discharged (70-20) x 1 = 50
[kcal/l], that is, assuming that 50 [kcal] of heat is dissipated per unit, in the case of a generator output of 1000 KW,
First, converting the generator output into heat amount is 1000 x 860 =
860000 [kcal/h], dividing this by the amount of heat dissipated by water per 1 m ³ (50 x 1000 = 50000 kcal) shows that 17.2 [m ³ ] of water is required per hour. If this is used for 8 hours, 17.2×8≒140 [m ³ ]
of water is required.

Not only is it difficult to secure this amount of water, but as mentioned above, when using water resistor α, it is necessary to use a structure to suspend water tank c and water resistor α, a pump to send water from the water tank, etc. Since piping and other equipment are required and the equipment is large-scale, a great deal of labor is required to transport and assemble them.

In addition, since the conductivity of water changes depending on the amount of impurities it contains, the water resistor α has the disadvantage that a stable resistance value cannot be obtained.

A further serious drawback is that when water resistor α is used, a large amount of heated waste water is generated. This is because under the above conditions in urban areas, i.e. 1000KW.
If we conduct a load test on a generator of 17.2 [m ³ / h] and pour hot wastewater at 70°C into the sewer, hot water will overflow around the area depending on the drainage capacity, and even if it does not overflow, the hot water will introduce bacteria. Load tests are sometimes prohibited by sewage managers because they die and reduce the sewage purification function.

As a load device used to measure the characteristics of a generator, water resistors have the following disadvantages: they pose a risk of arcing, require large amounts of water, require large-scale equipment and labor, and have unstable resistance values. This system had various problems, such as the fact that it was difficult to use, and that a large amount of heated waste water was generated.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the present inventor has developed a system that uses water as resistance but is less likely to generate arcs, does not generate heated waste water, uses only a small amount of water, and requires less labor for transportation and installation. In addition, a load device system that can obtain a stable resistance value has been created, and in particular, the present invention aims to provide a water resistor that is used in this load device system and is highly safe and resistant to arcing. It is.

[Means for Solving the Problems] Examples of the water resistor of the present invention and the electrode water treatment device for supplying water thereto will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

The water resistor A of the present invention has a water supply hole 1 in the middle part of the side wall.
Furthermore, a base electrode 3 having a bottomed cylindrical shape with a drainage hole 2 drilled in the bottom to store a predetermined amount of water therein is erected through an insulator 4 which is an insulator stuck to the center of the bottom of the base electrode 3, and the lower end thereof is erected. It consists of a cylindrical main electrode 6 to which the output cable 5 of the generator is connected, and an insulating sheath tube 7 that covers the main electrode 6 and is suspended so as to be movable up and down in order to adjust the exposed length of the main electrode 6.

The water resistor A is one in Figures 1 to 4, but there are three in a set, and each main electrode 6 is connected to three of the generators.
Each one of the phases is connected, and the base electrodes 3 are mutually connected and grounded. Therefore, it becomes a Y-connected resistor.

The one shown in FIG. 1 is for high voltage and small current. The one for low voltage and large current differs in that the diameter of the main electrode 6 is large and the gap between it and the base electrode 3 is small.

The electrode water treatment device B, which cools the water discharged from the water resistor A and sends it in again, consists of a radiator 8, a spray pipe 9 that sprays water onto the radiator 8 from the rear, and a fan that blows air from behind the spray pipe 9. 10, a louver 11 that guides the air sent out to the front of the radiator 8 by the fan 10 and disperses it into the upper space, and a spray pipe 9 placed below the radiator 8 that blows the air onto the radiator 8 and falls. A collection tank 12 for collecting water;
The following pipe line is formed between the water resistor A and a storage tank 13 in which water circulating between the radiator 8 is stored in advance.

That is, the water stored in the water storage tank 13 is pumped from the water suction pipe 14 vertically in the water to the pure water pump 15.
pump up, filters 16, 17 and deionizer 1
8, the water filled through the pure water filling pipe 19 is sent to the water resistor A from the lower discharge port 8a of the radiator 8, and the water is supplied to the water resistor A. A cooling circulation pipe 21 that sends hot water discharged from A to the upper inlet 8b of the radiator 8 with a pump 20 interposed therein;
The water sent out from the lower discharge port 8a is passed through the cooling coil 22 by the interposed deionized water pump 15 and returned to the deionized water filling conduit 19 while being cooled again, and to the interposed spray pump 24. A spray water supply line 26 that pumps up water from either one of the suction pipe 14 vertically installed in the water storage tank 13 and the suction pipe 25 installed vertically in the recovery water tank 12 and sends it to the spray pipe 9 can be freely switched. System piping is provided via switching valves 27, 28, and 29.

In Figure 1, 30 is a fan motor, 31, 32,
33 is a fan motor 30 and a pure water pump 1, respectively.
5, a speed controller for the spray pump 24; 34 is a cooling coil;

[Operation] The operation of the entire load system configured as described above will be described first.

First, as shown by arrows in FIG. 2, purified water is supplied to the radiator 8 through the suction pipe 14 and the pure water filling pipe 19, and the water resistor A is filled with it. That is, the water sucked up by the pure water pump 15 from the water storage tank 13 passes through the pure water pump 15, passes through the cooling coil 34, is filtered by a filter 16 to remove sand, etc., and enters the filter 17 to remove chlorine. Enter the water purifier 18. At this time, the conductivity of ordinary tap water is about 200 [μS/cm], but this is lowered to about 1 [μS/cm] using the water purifier 18. When this is supplied to the radiator 8, at this point the electrode water pump 20
is not operating, water is filled into the water resistor A through the cooling circulation pipe 21 from both directions as shown by the arrows.

This completes the water filling operation, but if as a result of turning the electrode water pump 20, impurities are dissolved and the conductivity becomes high, drain the water once and repeat the operation from the beginning.

Here, since the maximum operating temperature of the water purifier 18 is 40° C., the cooling coils 22 and 34 are used to cool the water to a temperature below this temperature.

Next, the pure water filling pipe 19 is closed using the switching valves 28 and 29, and the charged water is pumped into the cooling circulation pipe 20 by operating the electrode water pump 20 as shown by the arrow in FIG.
Circulate inside.

At the same time, the spray pump 24 is also activated, and the suction pipe 14 is connected to the water storage tank 13 as shown by the arrow in FIG.
Water is sucked up, passed through the spray pipe 26, and sprayed from the spray pipe 9 toward the radiator 8 as shown by the dotted line. On the other hand, the fan motor 30 is also operated to turn the fan 10 and blow air from the back side of the radiator 8.

Therefore, while passing through the water resistor A, the water consumes electric power as a resistance, becomes hot water, and is sent to the radiator 8, but this hot water is cooled by the sprayed water and wind while passing through the radiator 8. . On the other hand, the sprayed water absorbs the heat of the hot water passing through the radiator 8 on the surface of the radiator 8, evaporates, and is sent out by the air blown from the back of the radiator 8, which is then sent to the guide plate of the louver 11 arranged in front of the radiator 8. 11a, it blows up and diffuses above the electrode water cooling device B as shown by the dotted arrow. Thereafter, the water cooled by the radiator 8 is supplied to the water resistor A again.

Water that is not completely evaporated by the water sprayed during cooling of the radiator 8 adheres to the louver 11 and falls under its own weight, so that it is collected in the collection tank 12. Therefore, when the water level in the collection water tank is nearly full, the switching valve 27 is switched to allow the water in the collection tank 12 to be sucked up by the spray pump 24 through the suction pipe 25 and sent to the spray pipe 9.

If you want to lower the conductivity of the circulating water during operation, switch the switching valves 29, 29 and circulate the water through the flushing return pipe 23 and the pure water filling pipe 19 as shown by the arrow in Fig. 4. Let them do it. That is,
Water is discharged from the radiator 8, passes through the cooling coil 22, is sent to the cooling coil 34 by the pure water pump 15, and then returns to the radiator 8 through filters 16, 17 and the water purifier, so that foreign substances and chlorine are removed. Electrokinetic rate decreases.

In this manner, the load system created by the present inventor does not generate heated waste water, but rather releases and diffuses the heat into the air as steam. In addition, since heat is taken away through evaporation, it has a heat dissipation capacity equivalent to the latent heat of evaporation of water (560 kcal/), which is approximately 11 times the capacity (560/50≒11) compared to the hot water discharge method described above. be. Therefore, the amount of water required is only about 1/10, considering the water loss due to water scattering.

Here, the operation of the water resistor A of the present invention will be described.

The water resistor A of the present invention has a base electrode 3 and a main electrode 6.
Since it is cylindrical, there is little potential distortion and theoretically it is difficult to cause arc discharge, and since there are no local protrusions, the shape also makes it difficult to cause arc discharge. Furthermore, since an insulating sheath tube 7 that can be moved up and down is provided, the length of the main electrode 6 in the water can be adjusted to freely adjust the power consumption, and the runaway phenomenon where arcing occurs due to a rise in the temperature of the water can be avoided. If an arc occurs, it also has an emergency braking function that quickly stops the arc by lowering the insulating sheath 7 to near the bottom of the main electrode 6.

In addition, with conventional water resistors including water tanks, the water tank and resistor were assembled each time they were used, and since the size of the water tank was quite large, this assembly required 5 to 6 people. The water resistor A of the present invention is pre-assembled in the shape shown in the drawings, and only two people are required to install and handle it, resulting in significant labor savings.

[Effects] As described above, the water resistor of the present invention is used in a load device system that does not generate hot water discharge, and is easier to handle than conventional water resistors that require a large number of people to assemble. It is simple and labor-saving, and has a compact design that does not take up much installation space.As it consists of a cylindrical base electrode and main electrode, arc discharge is less likely to occur.Furthermore, the provision of an insulating sheath tube 7 that can be moved up and down allows power consumption to be adjusted and runaway to occur. It has extremely excellent effects on safety and workability, such as being able to perform emergency braking in the event of a phenomenon.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 4 respectively show a water resistor A of the present invention and an electrode water treatment device B used in connection with the water resistor A.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a conventional water resistor. A... Water resistor, B... Electrode water treatment device, α...
...Water resistor, a...High voltage cable, b...Electrode plate, c...Water tank, 1...Water supply hole, 2...Drain hole,
3... Base electrode, 4... Insulator, 5... Output cable, 6... Main electrode, 7... Insulating sheath tube, 8... Radiator, 8a... Discharge hole, 8b... Injection hole, 9
...Spray pipe, 10...Fan, 11...Garari, 12...Recovery tank, 13...Storage tank, 1
4... Suction pipe, 15... Pure water pump, 16, 17
... Filter, 18 ... Water purifier, 19 ... Pure water filling pipe, 20 ... Pump, 21 ... Cooling circulation pipe, 22 ... Cooling coil, 23 ... Flushing return pipe, 24 ... Spray pump, 25... Suction pipe, 26... Spray water supply pipe, 27, 28,
29...Switching valve, 30...Fan motor, 3
1, 32, 33... Speed controller, 34... Cooling coil.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A cylindrical base electrode with a bottom that stores a predetermined amount of water inside with a water supply hole and a drainage hole, and an insulator that extends through an insulator stuck to the center of the bottom of the base electrode. A cylindrical main electrode with a cylindrical main electrode connected to the output cable of the power supply device at the lower end of the main electrode, and an insulating sheath tube that covers the main electrode and is suspended so as to be movable up and down to adjust the exposed length of the main electrode. Resistor. 2. The water resistor according to claim 1, wherein the main electrode has a small diameter for high voltage and small current. 3. The water resistor according to claim 1, wherein the main electrode has a large diameter for low voltage and large current. 4. When the generator is a multi-phase generator, claims 1 and 2 consist of a main electrode covered with an insulating sheath cylinder whose exposed length can be freely adjusted, and a large number of base electrodes that extend through the center of the inner bottom. The water resistor according to item 3 or item 3.