JPH0145728B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0145728B2
JPH0145728B2 JP56116639A JP11663981A JPH0145728B2 JP H0145728 B2 JPH0145728 B2 JP H0145728B2 JP 56116639 A JP56116639 A JP 56116639A JP 11663981 A JP11663981 A JP 11663981A JP H0145728 B2 JPH0145728 B2 JP H0145728B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
bubble
fega
magnetic field
garnet
film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP56116639A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5817604A (en
Inventor
Taketoshi Hibya
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Computer Basic Technology Research Association Corp
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Computer Basic Technology Research Association Corp
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Priority to JP56116639A priority Critical patent/JPS5817604A/en
Publication of JPS5817604A publication Critical patent/JPS5817604A/en
Publication of JPH0145728B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0145728B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F10/00Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
    • H01F10/08Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers
    • H01F10/10Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers characterised by the composition
    • H01F10/18Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers characterised by the composition being compounds
    • H01F10/20Ferrites
    • H01F10/24Garnets

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Thin Magnetic Films (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は磁気バブルメモリ材料用ガーネツト液
相エピタキシヤル膜に関する。 バブル磁区素子においてはバブル径が徴小化さ
れるのに伴い、バブル磁区を保持するために必要
な、膜面に垂直な一軸異方性エネルギーKuの値
は大きくなる。この関係は、バブルの安定性を示
すQ因子の大きさおよび交換定数Aの値を一定と
みなせば、ザ・ベル・システム・テクニカルジヤ
ーナル(The Bell System Technical Journal)
第50巻725ページ(1971)に示されているように、
バブル径dの2乗に逆比例する(第(1)式). Ku=256AQ2/d2 (1) このことはバブル径dを一定とすれば、Qを大
きくしようとすればKuが大きくなければならな
いことを示している。 一方、素子としての動作周波数は材料の磁壁モ
ビリテイμwに関係する。μwとKuの関係は、エ
ー・アイー・ピー・コンフアレンス・プロシーデ
イングス(AIP Conference Proceedings)第5
号72ページ(1971)に示されるように次式で与え
られ、μwはKuの1/2乗と制動係数αとの積に逆比
例する。 ここで|γ|はジヤイロ磁気比である。 バブル材料の異方性エネルギーKuは主として
成長誘導磁気異方法であり、これを大きくするこ
とは一般にはガーネツト中の磁性希土類イオン例
えばSmなどの含有量を増すことによつて達成さ
れる。しかしながら、このことはガーネツトの制
動係数αを大きくすることを意味する。したがつ
て、バブルの安定性を増すことと、高速性を確保
することは互に柔盾する要求である。微小バブル
材料の開発にあたつてはこの問題を解決すること
が重要である。もし制御係数αを大きくせずに
Kuを大きくできれば高安定でかつ高速駆動が可
能な材料が達成できる。 制動係数を大きくすることなくKuを大きくす
る手段としてSmの代りにEuを含有するガーネツ
トをバブル磁区の担体として用いることがジヤー
ナル・オブ・アプライド・フイジクス(Journal
of Applied Physice)第48巻5201ページ(1977
年)に提案されている。(EuTm)3(FeGa)5O12
るいは(YEuTm)3(FeGa)5O12における(111)
に関する磁歪定数はGa置換量にも依存するが、
上記論文に示されるごとくGa置換量がガーネツ
ト分子式当り0.4の1μmバブル材料の場合には
λ111=−2.45×10-6、0.2では−2.77×10-6、0の
場合には−2.87×10-6、である。λの絶対値は
Smを用いた材料と比べて小さい。例えば、ジヤ
ーナル・オブ・アプライト・フイジクス
(Jounal of Applied Physics)第50巻2155ペー
ジ(1979年)に示される如く、Smを含有する
(LaLuSmCa)3(FeGe)5O12では1.1μmバブル材料
であつてもλ111=−2.65×10-6となつている。 したがつて、イオン注入法によるコンテイギユ
アス・デイスク素子を(EuTm)3(FeGa)5O12
しくは(YEuTm)3(FeGa)5O12自体に直接イオ
ン注入することによつては形成できない。このた
めに(EuTm)3(FeGa)5O12もしくは(YEuTm)3
(FeGa)5O12をバブル磁区の担体として用いる場
合には、前記ジヤーナル・オブ・アプライド・フ
イジクス第48巻5201ページ(1977年)に提唱され
るごとく、磁歪定数が充分大きくイオン注入が可
能なガーネツト膜例えば(YGdTm)3
(FeGa)5O12を前記(EuTm)3(FeGa)5O12もしく
は(YEuTm)3(FeGa)5O12の上にさらに成長さ
せた2重膜構成としなければならない。 しかしながら二重膜構成の膜を製造するに当つ
てはいくつかの欠点が見出せる。 例えば、二度にわたつて膜成長を実施しなけれ
ばならないことから、工程が複雑になり、製品の
良品率を低下させる。またドライブ層の厚さは約
5000Åであり、このような薄い膜を均一に液相エ
ピキシヤル法で成長させることは困難である。さ
らにバブル層とドライブ層の膜組成及び磁気特性
の組み合わせの選択がコンデイギユアス・デイス
ク素子の実現のために非常に重要である。例えば
膜組成の選択を誤まると二重膜形成時に欠陥を導
入することがあることは特願昭55−34459、55−
34460に述べられている通りであり、またドライ
ブ層のモビリテイや温度特性がバブル層のそれら
に対し特性が悪いとバブル層の性質を損つてしま
うという欠点を有する。 さらに、バブル径が微小化された時の問題とし
てガーネツト膜厚の減少がある。バブル径と膜厚
はほぼ等しいから、2μm径バブルル材料では膜
厚は約2μm、1μm径バブル材料では約1μmとな
る。膜厚が2μm以下となると、フアラデー効果
によつてバブル磁区を観察することはかなり困難
となる。 本発明の目的は、(EuTm)3(FeGa)5O12もしく
は(YEuTm)3(FeGa)5O12における上記のよう
な問題点を改善することにある。 本発明者は、(EuTm)3(FeGa)5O12あるいは
(YEuTm)3(FeGa)5O12にBiを添加した(YvEuw
TmxBiyFe5-zGazO12(但し、0≦v≦1.3、0.04≦
w≦0.65、1.25≦x≦2.20、0.2≦y≦0.6、0.25≦
z≦0.7)において磁歪定数を従来のEu系の材料
と比べて負の方向に大きくすることができ、その
ためイオン注入によつて大きい面内磁気異方性を
誘起することが可能な材料とすることができ、し
かも1μm厚以下の場合においてもバブルの目視
が容易となることを見出し本発明を示すに至つ
た。 以下を実施例を用いて本発明を詳細に説明す
る。 実施例 1 第1表に示す融液組成1を用いて、830℃にお
いて(111)Gd3Ga5O12基板上にEu0.43Tm2.17
Bi0.4Fe4.56Ga0.44O12を育成したところ、膜厚h=
1.15μm、特性長l=0.09μm、4πM8=874Gauss、
バブル消滅磁界Hcol=521Oe、異方性磁界Hk=
2076Oeの1μm径バブル材料が得られた。この材
料の磁歪定数は、Biを含有しないEu1Tm2Fe4.55
Ga0.45O12におけるλ111=−2.38と比べて負の方向
に25%も大きい−2.9×10-6となつた。ガーネツト
膜の格子定数は基板の格子定数と0.1%以内で一
致することが必要である。イオン半径の大きい
Bi(1.11Å)を置換させることにより磁歪定数
λ111が正であるEu(イオン半径1.07Å)の含有量
を減らせるためである。このため、本材料をイオ
ン注入法によるコンテイギユアス・デイスク素子
として用いるに当つては、本材料の上にイオン注
入可能なドライブ層ガーネツトを敢えて設けて二
重膜構成のガーネツト膜とする必要はなく、本材
料にHe+を直接打ち込むことにより(加速エネル
ギー140KV、6×1015He+/cm2、イオン打ち込み
層にチヤージド・ウオールを観察でき、チヤージ
ド・ウオールを用いたバブルの転送が可能となつ
た。さらに本材料のフアラデー回転係数はφk
−4400゜/cmであつたため、膜厚が1.15μmときわ
めて薄いにもかかわらず顕微鏡によるバブル磁区
の観察は極めて容易であつた。 実施例 2 第1表に示す融液組成2を用いて、857℃にお
いて(111)Gd3Ga5O12基板上にEu0.63Tm2.17
Bi0.20Fe4.33Ga0.67O12を育成したところ、膜厚h
=2.03μm、特性長l=0.16μm、飽和磁化4πM8
=592Gauss、バブル消滅磁界Hcol=394Oe、異
方性磁界Hk=2.820Oeの2μm径バブル材料が得ら
れた。 この材料の磁歪定数はλ111=−2.11×10-6であ
り、Biを含有しない場合のλ111=−1.44×10-6
比べて大きく改善された。 He+の打ち込み(加速エネルギー60KV、2×
1015He+/cm2および140KV、6×1015He+/cm2
により表面層にチヤージド・ウオールを生成させ
ることができ、バブルを動かすことができた。こ
の材料の磁壁移動度はμw=850cm/sec−Oe、偏
角θ=59゜、抗磁力Hc=0.16Oe、バブル磁区消滅
磁界の温度係数は−0.23%/degであつた。 実施例 3 第1表に示す融液組成3を用いて、794℃にお
いて(111)Gd3Ga5O12基板上にEu0.43Tm2.17
Bi0.40Fe4.3Ga0.7O12を育成したところ、膜厚h=
7.26μm、特性長l=0.298μm、飽和磁化4πM8
371Gauss、バブル消滅磁界Hcd=175Oe、異方性
磁界Hk=3310Oeの材料が得られた。この材料は
フアラデー回転係数がφF=−4.000deg/cmあり、
磁気転写光読み出し素子に使えるすぐれた材料で
あつた。 実施例 4 第1表に示す融液組成4を用いて、836℃にお
いて(111)Gd3Ga5O12基板上にY1.29Eu0.04
Tm1.27Bi0.4Fe4.6Ga0.4O12を育成したところ、膜厚
h=0.95μm特性長l=0.08μm、4πMs=
670Gauss、バブル消滅磁界Hcol=385OeHk
1500Oeの1μm径バブル材料が得られた。この材
料の磁歪定数はλ111=−3.2×10-6であり、He+
打込みにより表面層とチヤージド・ウオールを形
成し、バブル磁区を動かすことができた。 実施例 5 第1表に示す融液組成5を用いて、825℃にお
いて(111)Gd3Ga5O12基板上にY0.40Eu0.10
Tm1.90Bi0.6Fe4.74Ga0.26O12を育成したところ、膜
厚h=0.36μm、特性長l=0.04μm、4πM8
1100Gauss、バブル消滅磁界Hcol=940Oe、 異方性磁界1100Oeの0.4μm径バブル材料が得
られた。この材料の磁歪定数はλ111=−3.50×
10-6であり、He+およびH2 +の打ち込みにより表
面層にチヤージド・ウオールを形成し、バブル磁
区の転送を行いえた。 以上、本発明を用いることにより、異方性定数
Kuが大きくモビリテイμwも大きいが、イオン注
入が行いにくい(EuTm)3(FeGa)5O12もしくは
(YEuTm)3(FeGa)5O12をイオン注入可能な材料
とし、イオン注入法単層膜コーテイギユアス素子
を実現できる。 【表】
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to garnet liquid phase epitaxial films for magnetic bubble memory materials. In a bubble magnetic domain element, as the bubble diameter becomes smaller, the value of the uniaxial anisotropy energy Ku perpendicular to the film surface required to maintain the bubble magnetic domain increases. If the magnitude of the Q factor, which indicates the stability of the bubble, and the value of the exchange constant A are considered constant, this relationship can be established as described in The Bell System Technical Journal.
As shown in Volume 50, page 725 (1971):
It is inversely proportional to the square of the bubble diameter d (Equation (1)). Ku=256AQ 2 /d 2 (1) This shows that if the bubble diameter d is kept constant, if Q is to be increased, Ku must be increased. On the other hand, the operating frequency of the element is related to the domain wall mobility μ w of the material. The relationship between μ w and K u is described in AIP Conference Proceedings, No. 5.
As shown in No. 72 (1971), it is given by the following formula, and μ w is inversely proportional to the product of K u to the 1/2 power and the damping coefficient α. Here |γ| is the gyromagnetic ratio. The anisotropy energy Ku of the bubble material is primarily a growth-induced magnetic anisotropy, and increasing it is generally achieved by increasing the content of magnetic rare earth ions such as Sm in the garnet. However, this means increasing the damping coefficient α of the garnet. Therefore, increasing the stability of the bubble and ensuring high speed are mutually flexible requirements. It is important to solve this problem when developing microbubble materials. If the control coefficient α is not increased
If Ku can be increased, a material that is highly stable and capable of high-speed operation can be achieved. As a means of increasing Ku without increasing the damping coefficient, it has been proposed in the Journal of Applied Physics to use garnet containing Eu instead of Sm as a carrier for bubble magnetic domains.
of Applied Physice) Volume 48, page 5201 (1977
proposed in 2010). (EuTm) 3 (FeGa) 5 O 12 or (YEuTm) 3 (FeGa) 5 O 12 (111)
Although the magnetostriction constant for depends on the amount of Ga substitution,
As shown in the above paper, in the case of a 1 μm bubble material in which the Ga substitution amount is 0.4 per garnet molecular formula, λ 111 = −2.45×10 −6 , −2.77×10 −6 for 0.2, and −2.87×10 for 0. -6 . The absolute value of λ is
Smaller than materials using Sm. For example, as shown in Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 50, page 2155 (1979), (LaLuSmCa) 3 (FeGe) 5 O 12 containing Sm is a 1.1 μm bubble material. However, λ 111 = −2.65×10 -6 . Therefore, a contiguous disk element by ion implantation cannot be formed by directly implanting ions into (EuTm) 3 (FeGa) 5 O 12 or (YEuTm) 3 (FeGa) 5 O 12 itself. For this, (EuTm) 3 (FeGa) 5 O 12 or (YEuTm) 3
When (FeGa) 5 O 12 is used as a bubble magnetic domain carrier, the magnetostriction constant is sufficiently large to enable ion implantation, as proposed in the aforementioned Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 48, p. 5201 (1977). Garnet film e.g. (YGdTm) 3
(FeGa) 5 O 12 must be further grown on the (EuTm) 3 (FeGa) 5 O 12 or (YEuTm) 3 (FeGa) 5 O 12 to form a double film structure. However, several drawbacks can be found in producing membranes with a double membrane configuration. For example, film growth must be performed twice, which complicates the process and lowers the yield rate of products. Also, the thickness of the drive layer is approximately
5000 Å, and it is difficult to uniformly grow such a thin film using the liquid phase epitaxy method. Furthermore, selection of the combination of film composition and magnetic properties of the bubble layer and drive layer is very important for realizing a contiguous disk element. For example, it is known that if the membrane composition is incorrectly selected, defects may be introduced during the formation of the double membrane.
34460, and if the mobility and temperature characteristics of the drive layer are poorer than those of the bubble layer, it has the disadvantage that the properties of the bubble layer will be impaired. Furthermore, when the bubble diameter is miniaturized, there is a problem in that the garnet film thickness decreases. Since the bubble diameter and film thickness are approximately equal, the film thickness is approximately 2 μm for a 2 μm diameter bubble material and approximately 1 μm for a 1 μm diameter bubble material. When the film thickness is less than 2 μm, it becomes quite difficult to observe bubble domains due to the Faraday effect. An object of the present invention is to improve the above problems in (EuTm) 3 (FeGa) 5 O 12 or (YEuTm) 3 (FeGa) 5 O 12 . The present inventor added Bi to (EuTm) 3 (FeGa) 5 O 12 or (YEuTm) 3 (FeGa) 5 O 12 (Y v Eu w
Tm x Bi y Fe 5-z Ga z O 12 (0≦v≦1.3, 0.04≦
w≦0.65, 1.25≦x≦2.20, 0.2≦y≦0.6, 0.25≦
z≦0.7), the magnetostriction constant can be increased in the negative direction compared to conventional Eu-based materials, and therefore it is possible to induce large in-plane magnetic anisotropy by ion implantation. The present inventors have discovered that bubbles can be easily observed visually even when the thickness is 1 μm or less, and the present invention has been demonstrated. The present invention will be explained in detail below using examples. Example 1 Using melt composition 1 shown in Table 1, Eu 0.43 Tm 2.17 was deposited on a (111)Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 substrate at 830°C.
When Bi 0.4 Fe 4.56 Ga 0.44 O 12 was grown, the film thickness h=
1.15μm, characteristic length l=0.09μm, 4πM 8 =874Gauss,
Bubble extinction magnetic field Hcol=521Oe, anisotropy magnetic field Hk=
A 1 μm diameter bubble material of 2076 Oe was obtained. The magnetostriction constant of this material is Bi-free Eu 1 Tm 2 Fe 4.55
Compared to λ 111 = -2.38 in Ga 0.45 O 12 , it is -2.9 × 10 -6 , which is 25% larger in the negative direction. The lattice constant of the garnet film must match the lattice constant of the substrate within 0.1%. Large ionic radius
This is because by substituting Bi (1.11 Å), the content of Eu (ion radius 1.07 Å), which has a positive magnetostriction constant λ 111 , can be reduced. Therefore, when using this material as a continuous disk element by ion implantation, there is no need to intentionally provide a drive layer garnet on top of this material to form a double-layer garnet film. By directly implanting He + into this material (acceleration energy 140 KV, 6 × 10 15 He + /cm 2 ), a charged wall could be observed in the ion implantation layer, and it became possible to transfer bubbles using the charged wall. Furthermore, the Faraday rotation coefficient of this material is φ k =
-4400°/cm, it was extremely easy to observe the bubble domain using a microscope, even though the film thickness was extremely thin at 1.15 μm. Example 2 Using melt composition 2 shown in Table 1, Eu 0.63 Tm 2.17 was deposited on a (111)Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 substrate at 857°C.
When Bi 0.20 Fe 4.33 Ga 0.67 O 12 was grown, the film thickness h
= 2.03μm, characteristic length l = 0.16μm, saturation magnetization 4πM 8
= 592 Gauss, bubble extinction magnetic field Hcol = 394 Oe, and anisotropic magnetic field H k = 2.820 Oe. A 2 μm diameter bubble material was obtained. The magnetostriction constant of this material was λ 111 =−2.11×10 −6 , which was greatly improved compared to λ 111 =−1.44×10 −6 in the case of not containing Bi. He + implantation (acceleration energy 60KV, 2×
10 15 He + /cm 2 and 140KV, 6 × 10 15 He + /cm 2 )
This allowed us to generate a charged wall on the surface layer and move the bubbles. The domain wall mobility of this material was μw = 850 cm/sec-Oe, the declination angle θ = 59°, the coercive force Hc = 0.16 Oe, and the temperature coefficient of the bubble domain extinction magnetic field was -0.23%/deg. Example 3 Using melt composition 3 shown in Table 1, Eu 0.43 Tm 2.17 was deposited on a (111)Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 substrate at 794°C.
When Bi 0.40 Fe 4.3 Ga 0.7 O 12 was grown, the film thickness h=
7.26μm, characteristic length l = 0.298μm, saturation magnetization 4πM 8 =
371 Gauss, bubble extinction magnetic field Hcd = 175 Oe, and anisotropic magnetic field H k = 3310 Oe. This material has a Faraday rotation coefficient of φ F = -4.000 deg/cm,
It was an excellent material that could be used for magnetic transfer optical readout elements. Example 4 Using melt composition 4 shown in Table 1, Y 1.29 Eu 0.04 was deposited on a (111)Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 substrate at 836°C.
When Tm 1.27 Bi 0.4 Fe 4.6 Ga 0.4 O 12 was grown, film thickness h = 0.95 μm, characteristic length l = 0.08 μm, 4πMs =
670Gauss, bubble extinction magnetic field Hcol=385OeH k
A 1 μm diameter bubble material of 1500 Oe was obtained. The magnetostriction constant of this material is λ 111 =−3.2×10 −6 , and by implanting He + it was possible to form a surface layer and a charged wall and move the bubble domain. Example 5 Using melt composition 5 shown in Table 1, Y 0.40 Eu 0.10 was deposited on a (111)Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 substrate at 825°C.
When Tm 1.90 Bi 0.6 Fe 4.74 Ga 0.26 O 12 was grown, the film thickness h = 0.36 μm, characteristic length l = 0.04 μm, 4πM 8 =
A 0.4 μm diameter bubble material with a bubble extinction magnetic field of 1100 Gauss, a bubble extinction magnetic field Hcol of 940 Oe, and an anisotropic magnetic field of 1100 Oe was obtained. The magnetostriction constant of this material is λ 111 = −3.50×
10 -6 , and by implanting He + and H 2 + , a charged wall was formed on the surface layer and the bubble domain could be transferred. As described above, by using the present invention, the anisotropy constant
Although Ku is large and mobility μ w is large, ion implantation is difficult to perform (EuTm) 3 (FeGa) 5 O 12 or (YEuTm) 3 (FeGa) 5 O 12 as a material that can be ion-implanted, and a single layer film using ion implantation method is used. A courteous element can be realized. 【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 ガドリニウム・ガリウム・ガーネツト基板上
に付着せしめられ、一般式が YvEuwTmxBiyFe5-zGazO12(但し、0≦v≦
1.3、0.04≦w≦0.65、1.25≦x≦2.20、0.2≦y≦
0.6、0.25≦z≦0.7 なる化学式で表わされることを特徴とする磁気バ
ブル材料。
[Claims] 1 It is deposited on a gadolinium-gallium-garnet substrate and has the general formula Y v Eu w Tm x Bi y Fe 5-z Ga z O 12 (where 0≦v≦
1.3, 0.04≦w≦0.65, 1.25≦x≦2.20, 0.2≦y≦
A magnetic bubble material characterized by being represented by the chemical formula: 0.6, 0.25≦z≦0.7.
JP56116639A 1981-07-24 1981-07-24 Magnetic bubble material Granted JPS5817604A (en)

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JP56116639A JPS5817604A (en) 1981-07-24 1981-07-24 Magnetic bubble material

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JP56116639A JPS5817604A (en) 1981-07-24 1981-07-24 Magnetic bubble material

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JPS5817604A JPS5817604A (en) 1983-02-01
JPH0145728B2 true JPH0145728B2 (en) 1989-10-04

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WO1995006546A1 (en) * 1993-09-01 1995-03-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki Articulated robot

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