JPH0156331B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is suitable for incinerators for waste such as municipal waste and industrial waste, which supply incinerators containing substances of various sizes in fixed quantities. , relates to a screw-type incineration material supply device.

[Prior art]

Fluidized bed incinerators supply incinerated materials into a fluidized sand layer and incinerate them by blowing combustion air under high pressure from below.The fluidized bed incinerator has excellent performance as it can completely incinerate the supplied incinerated materials in a short period of time. have

In order to make full use of the performance of this incinerator and completely incinerate the supplied incineration material in 1 to 2 minutes, for example, in connection with balanced ventilation, combustion air supply, combustion exhaust gas discharge, and treatment, It is necessary for the incineration material supply device to prevent the gas inside the furnace from leaking into the outside air and to minimize fluctuations in the amount of the incineration material supplied. For this reason, for example, in conventional incinerators, the particle size of the incinerated material is kept below a certain value, the incinerated material is pressed down with a single screw, and the material is forcibly loosened using the movement of the flowing sand as it enters the incinerator. have been supplied.

According to such a supply method, it is necessary to crush the supplied incineration material to a particle size below a certain level, so complicated crushing equipment is required, and the arrangement of each part of the equipment,
This placed a heavy burden on the overall cost and maintenance.

Therefore, some of the inventors of the present invention proposed an incineration material supplying device having a coarse crushing function using a movable twin-screw screw (Japanese Patent Application No. 161598/1983), and this device has already been put into practical use.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, the above-mentioned movable twin-screw type incineration material feeding device is a high-class machine that can be used even under harsh conditions to handle waste of extremely diverse shapes and properties, and it is a high-class machine that can be used even under harsh conditions to handle waste of extremely diverse shapes and properties. There were problems in that it was too high-grade for garbage and waste whose shapes and properties were within a certain range, and that it had a complicated structure, was large, and required space.

The present invention solves the problems of the above-mentioned conventional devices, has a relatively simple and compact structure, and provides an incineration material supplying device that can smoothly supply incineration materials of a substantially fixed size range in fixed quantities. The purpose is to

[Means and actions for solving problems]

As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention includes a casing that supports a screw so as to be able to rotate approximately horizontally in a casing that has an input port in the upper part and a discharge port in the lower part. In the incineration material supply device for supplying incineration materials to an incinerator, a part of the side wall of the casing below the input port is supported in the opening so as to be able to move toward and away from the screw, thereby forming a movable wall. The distance between the movable wall and the screw axis when the movable wall is at the farthest position from the screw axis of the screw is greater than the distance between the screw axis and the upper end of the entrance of the opening that accommodates the movable wall. The present invention provides an incineration material supply device characterized in that the device is designed to be small.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

1A to 1E of the drawings show a first embodiment equipped with a rotary vane type brushing mechanism.

The incineration material supply device 1 according to the present invention is roughly divided into a screw device 1a and a scraping device 1b.

The screw device 1a has a screw shaft 4 in which a screw blade 5 is implanted over its entire length, one end of which is supported by external screw shaft holding bearings 6, 6', and is horizontally installed in a casing 7 in a cantilevered manner. It is something that A screw shaft seal 8 is provided where the screw shaft 4 passes through the casing 7 to prevent leakage. Casing 7
An input hopper 9 for inputting incineration material is attached to an input opening 2 at the upper end of the screw device 1a, and the input hopper 9 extends over almost the entire length of the screw device 1a except for the terminal end thereof.

The casing 7 is, as is particularly evident from FIG. A wall 7b is installed so as to be horizontally movable. The movable wall 7b is connected near both ends to movable wall holding cylinders 10, 10' which are fixed to the outer wall of the casing bulge 7a and are loaded with appropriate pressure by springs, hydraulic or pneumatic pressure. When the screw shaft 4 rotates in the direction of the arrow, for example, if an object whose size is smaller than D but larger than D' comes in and excessive pressure is applied to the moving wall 7b, the moving wall 7b The pressure is released by retreating to a position where the object is to be stored, for example, position L indicated by a two-dot chain line.

The free end side of the screw shaft 4 of the casing 7 forms a communication port 3 to the scraping device 1b, and the inner surface of the casings 7, 7a at that part is provided with a feeding part squeeze part 7c to prevent the incineration material from passing through. , 7d are provided respectively, and the shape of the communication port 3 is narrowed down to a shape that follows the diameter of the screw blade 5.

The scraping device 1b includes a scraping shaft 11 in which a scraping blade 12 is implanted over the entire length in a casing portion 7e formed perpendicular to the screw shaft 4 adjacent to the communication port 3 of the screw device 1a.
However, one end of the shaft is supported by an external knock-off shaft holding bearing 13, 13', and the shaft is installed horizontally in a cantilevered manner. The wipe-off blade 12 has a flat plate shape, and its height decreases somewhat toward the free end side.

On the inner wall of the casing portion 7e on the opposite side to the communication port 3, facing the wipe-off blade 12, a large number of winding prevention protrusions 15 that cooperate with the blade 12 are arranged parallel to each other and parallel to the axis of the wipe-off shaft 11. installed at an angle to the

Further, a wipe-off shaft seal 16 is provided where the wipe-off shaft 11 passes through the casing portion 7e to prevent leakage. Casing part 7e
The lower discharge port 14 has a discharge pipe 1 that reaches the incinerator.
7 are connected.

In addition, each part of the casing can be made into separate bodies instead of being integrated as shown in the figure.

The screw blade 5 has a left-hand thread in this embodiment, and directs the incinerated materials input from the upper input hopper 9 through the input port 2 downward and toward the free end side, as shown in FIG. 1b. It is pushed towards communication port 3. The transferred incineration material is compressed by being pressed against the input part squeeze parts 7c and 7d, and a volume corresponding to the rotation of the screw is pushed out from the communication port 3 toward the scraping device 1b.

The extruded incineration material is brushed off in fixed amounts by the rotating brush-off blades 12 of the brush-off device 1b, and falls into the discharge pipe 17 toward the incinerator. Without this scraping device, even if it is quantitatively extruded from the screw device 1a, it will fall into the incinerator discontinuously as a lump to form a lump.
Quantitative supply is difficult.

In FIG. 1c, when the material to be incinerated descends in the input hopper 9 and enters the screw device 1a, when the movable wall 7b is at the innermost position, the inner surface of the movable wall 7b and the outer periphery of the screw shaft 4 are connected. Incinerated material up to a size corresponding to the distance D' can freely enter between the screw blades 5. However, although the actual incineration materials naturally contain items larger than this, conventionally, items larger than the interval D′ are
Naturally, it could not be supplied because it did not enter D′.

However, in this embodiment, the casing 7
Since a part of the inner wall of the screw shaft 4 and the screw blade 5 rotate in the direction of the arrow, the distance D between the screw shaft 4 and the inner end of the casing bulge 7a (i.e., the distance between the screw shaft 4 and the inner end of the casing bulge 7a It is possible to supply up to a size of incineration material corresponding to the distance between the opening containing the wall 7b and the upper end of the inlet. That is, when the incineration material having a size of D enters between the movable wall 7b and the screw shaft 4, the pressure applied to the movable wall 7b becomes excessive, so the movable wall 7b resists the pressure of the movable wall holding cylinders 10 and 10'. and move back to the position indicated by the chain double-dashed line. The incinerated material is then pushed in the axial direction of the screw shaft 4 and is brushed off into the discharge chute 17 by the blades 12 of the brushing device 1b.

Reference is now made to FIG. 2, which shows a second embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the screw device 1a is
Since this is the same as the embodiment, it is hardly shown in the drawings and its explanation will be omitted.

The brushing off device 1b is equipped with a reciprocating piston type guillotine gate 18 instead of the rotary blade type in the first embodiment. The guillotine gate 18 is vertically reciprocated by a crankshaft 19, shearing the incineration material supplied by the screw device 1a and causing it to fall. Since the guillotine gate 18 receives side pressure from the incinerated material being pushed out, it is preferable to reciprocate at as high a speed as possible in order to prevent deformation.

Note that instead of driving the guillotine gate 18 with the crankshaft 19, oil or air pressure may be used.

Further, FIGS. 3a and 3b show garbage incineration equipment for municipal waste incineration equipped with the supply devices of the first and second embodiments, respectively.

In FIG. 3a, an incineration material supply device 1 equipped with a hopper 9 and a rotary vane type brushing device 1b is installed above a fluidized bed incinerator 20.

The municipal waste carried into the garbage collection site 21 by the garbage carrying vehicle 26 is thrown into the pit 22 from the carrying vehicle 26 on the platform 23 by opening the garbage input door. The accumulated garbage is fed by the garbage crane 25 through the hopper 9 into the incineration material supply device 1, passes through the shutoff valve 27, enters the fluidized bed incinerator 20, and is incinerated. Combustion air and secondary air are supplied from the lower and middle parts of the incinerator 20, respectively, and the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the upper end, treated as appropriate, and then released into the atmosphere.

FIG. 3b is almost the same as FIG. 3a, except that a piston-type device is provided as the scraping device 1b. The guillotine gate used in the piston-type device has a function as a cutoff mechanism between the incinerator and the incineration material supply device, so it is possible to eliminate the need for providing a cutoff valve 27 between the incineration material supply device 1 and the incinerator 20. A direct connection is possible, and therefore it is possible to install the feeding device 1 on the side of the incinerator, thereby reducing the height of the entire installation.

[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to supply the supplied incineration material within a substantially fixed range of sizes to the incinerator in a fixed amount and smoothly, and the incinerator is Efficiency can be significantly improved,
In particular, when a fluidized bed incinerator is used as the incinerator, its original performance can be fully demonstrated.

In particular, by making part of the casing of the screw device movable, even when a somewhat larger amount of waste than usual is thrown into the incinerator, the screw shaft will be locked and the entire incinerator will stop operating. No serious situation will occur.
By the way, the screw shaft 4 is a pipe of 200A, the outer diameter of the screw blade is 500 m/m, and the diameter of the input port is 550 mm.
m/m, D=281m/m, D'=167m/
m, which is sufficient for incineration such as ordinary municipal waste. Therefore, similar to the case of the stoker type incinerator shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, it is possible to install the incinerator as pretreatment equipment for a fluidized bed incinerator.

In addition, the incineration material supply device according to the present invention has a simple structure and is unlikely to malfunction, and is therefore easy to operate and maintain, without worrying about contamination due to leakage to the outside, and because it is small, it does not require space. Since there is no need to crush the incinerated material, the cost of the entire device, operating costs such as electric power, and maintenance costs are reduced, making it completely economical.

It is expected that the incineration material supply device of the present invention will promote the adoption of fluidized bed incinerators for waste incineration equipment, and will further advance the solution of urban problems.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a is a plan view, b is a sectional front view, c is an A sectional view of a, d is also a B sectional view, and e is a C side view. FIG. 2 is a sectional front view showing only the essential parts of the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3a and 3b are explanatory diagrams of a municipal waste incineration facility equipped with the above-mentioned two embodiments of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Incineration material supply device, 1a... Screw device, 1b... Brushing device, 2... Input port, 3...
...Connection port, 4...Screw shaft, 5...Screw blade, 6, 6'...Screw shaft holding bearing, 7
...Casing, 7a...Bulging part, 7b...Moving wall, 7c, 7d...Input part squeezing part, 7e...Casing removal device part, 8...Screw shaft seal, 9...Insertion hopper, 10,10'...
Moving wall holding cylinder, 11... Brushing shaft, 12
... Brush-off blade, 13, 13'... Brush-off shaft holding bearing, 14... Discharge port, 15... Winding prevention protrusion, 16... Brush-off shaft seal, 17... Discharge chute, 18... Guillotine Gate, 19...Crankshaft, 20...Fluidized bed incinerator, 21...Garbage collection site, 22...Garbage pit, 23...Platform, 24...Garbage input door, 25...Garbage crane, 26... ...garbage delivery vehicle, 27...shutoff valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An incinerator in which a screw is rotatably supported almost horizontally in a casing having an input port in an upper part and an outlet in a lower part, and the incineration material is supplied to an incinerator. In the material supply device, a part of the side wall of the casing below the input port is supported in an opening so as to be able to move toward and away from the screw, forming a moving wall, and the moving wall is a movable wall of the screw. The distance between the screw shaft and the screw shaft when the screw shaft is at the farthest position is not smaller than the distance between the screw shaft and the upper end of the entrance of the opening that accommodates the movable wall. An incineration material supply device characterized by: 2. In the incineration material supply device which supplies the incineration material to the incinerator, the screw is rotatably supported almost horizontally in a casing having an input port in the upper part and a discharge port in the lower part, , a part of the side wall of the casing below the inlet is supported in the opening so as to be able to move toward and away from the screw to form a moving wall, and the moving wall is located farthest from the screw axis of the screw. The space between the screw shaft and the screw shaft when in the position is not less than the distance between the screw shaft and the upper end of the entrance of the opening that accommodates the movable wall, and the screw shaft is located close to the distal end of the screw. A device for supplying incinerated material, characterized in that a device for discharging incinerated material discharged from the screw is provided on an extension of the screw.