JPH0160837B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument that can automatically play chords as an additional melody when playing a melody, and by limiting the range of the additional sound, a favorable effect on hearing can be obtained. This is how it was done.

Conventionally, electronic musical instruments capable of generating additional melodies have been developed using multiple keys pressed on an accompaniment keyboard (e.g.
C ₂ , E ₂ , G ₂ ) and pitch name (C ₂ , E ₂ , G ₂ for C,
Among the many notes that have the same number (E, G), the note in the lower octave of the key pressed on the melody keyboard (for example, C ₆ ) (for C ₆ , C ₅ , E ₅ , G ₅ )
There is a known system in which C 6 is selected as an additional sound and is sounded together with the melody sound (C ₆ ) (see, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 17895-1983).

However, with such electronic musical instruments, no matter which key is pressed on the melody keyboard,
As long as the additional note related to the pressed key is within the key range, it will be sounded, so if a key is pressed in the low range of the melody keyboard, in addition to the note corresponding to the pressed key, Multiple tones lower in pitch were pronounced as additional tones, which was not pleasing to the audible sense. In other words, a large number of extremely low tones were pronounced at the same time, creating a rumbling sound that was difficult to listen to. Further, such difficulty in listening often depends on the tone selected as the melody tone, and while it may not be so bad with certain tones, it may become extremely difficult to listen to with other tones.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a new electronic musical instrument that prevents audible discomfort caused by the generation of additional melody sounds.

The electronic musical instrument according to the present invention is characterized in that a lower limit pitch of an additional sound is determined according to a tone selected as a melody tone, and generation of an additional sound lower than the lower limit pitch is prohibited, Hereinafter, embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings will be described in detail.

FIG. 1 shows an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the generation of melody tones, chords, additional melody tones, etc. is controlled with the help of a microcomputer. There is.

The central processing unit (CPU) 10 operates according to programs stored in a program memory 12 consisting of a ROM (read-only memory), and controls various switches (SW) on a panel 14.
Namely, timbre switch, function switch (for example, auto bass chord, auto rhythm, etc. switch), additional note number designation switch MS2 and MS.
The state of each switch is detected by scanning the 3rd class via the SW (switch) interface 16, and the detected switch information is written to a register in the working area 18 consisting of RAM (random access memory) to check the switch state. When there is a change in the working area 18 via the bus 20
The switch information is provided to the UK sound interface 22 and/or the LK sound interface 24.

The central processing unit 10 also scans the upper keyboard 28 for melody and the lower keyboard 30 for accompaniment via the key interface 26 to detect the state of each key, and stores the detected key information in the working area 18. When a register is written and the key status changes, key information is provided from the working area 18 to the UK sound interface 22 and/or the LK sound interface 24 via the bus 20. In this case, if the number of additional notes specifying switch MS2 or MS3 is turned on, the central processing unit 10 generates key-on information from the upper keyboard 28 and key-on information from the lower keyboard 30 (or key-on information from the lower keyboard memory). The additional sound information is formed based on the information and written to a register in the working area 18, and then transmitted via the bus 20.
Supplied to UK sound interface 22. In addition,
The number of additional notes designating switches MS2 and MS3 are for specifying the addition of two notes and three notes, respectively.

The UK sound interface 22 supplies key data UKKD and tone control data UC to the upper keyboard tone generator (UKTG) 32 based on the key information and switch information regarding the upper keyboard from the working area 18. Nerator 32 is key data UKKD and tone control data
Form UK sound signal according to UC, output amplifier 3
4 to a speaker 36. Further, when the additional tone number designation switch MS2 or MS3 is pressed, the UK sound interface 22 also supplies additional tone key data as key data UKKD to the tone generator 32, so that the tone generator 32 An additional sound signal is also sent out as a UK sound signal.

The LK sound interface 24 supplies key data LKKD and tone control data LC to a lower keyboard tone generator (LKTG) 38 based on key information and switch information regarding the lower keyboard from the working area 18. Nerator 38 is key data LKKD and tone control data
Forms an LK sound signal according to the LC and outputs it to the output amplifier 34.
The signal is supplied to the speaker 36 via the .

Therefore, from the speaker 36, a UK tone (usually a melody tone) corresponding to a key pressed on the upper keyboard 28 is produced, and a UK tone corresponding to a key pressed on the lower keyboard 30 is produced.
An LK tone (usually a chord) is sounded, and if the additional note number designation switch MS2 or MS3 is further pressed, two or three additional notes are generated as an additional melody to the original UK note.

FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of registers in the working area 18. For the sake of simplicity, only those related to the additional sound forming operation will be discussed here, and the other registers will be described as various registers and their explanation will be omitted.

UKKD1 to UKKD61 are C ₂ to upper keyboard 28.
This is a key data register corresponding to each of the 61 keys of _C7 , and the data format of each register is
As shown representatively for UKKD1, the most significant bit (MSB) of 1 byte (8 bits) indicates the key status KS (“1” if the key is on, “0” if the key is off), and the remaining bits are indifferent. It is in use. Here, if the reference address is UAD for the register group including UKKD1 to UKKD61,
Each address of UKKD1, UKKD2... is UAD+
It is expressed as 1, UAD+2...

Also, LKKD1 to LKKD61 are on the lower keyboard 30.
This is a key data register corresponding to each of the 61 keys from C ₂ to _{C 7} , and the data format of each register is the most significant bit (MSB) of 1 byte (8 bits) as typically shown for LKKD1.
indicates the key status KS (“1” if the key is on, “0” if the key is off), the least significant bit (LSB) is the pitch name related flag NF, and the remaining bits are unused. Here, LKKD1 to LKKD61
LAD the reference address for the register group containing
Then, each address of LKKD1, LKKD2, etc. is expressed as LAD+1, LAD+2, etc.
The note name related flag NF is set to "1" when the note name is related to the key pressed on the lower keyboard 30 (specifically, when the note name is the same). For example, C ₂ , E ₂ , G ₂
When a key is pressed, all keys with the same note name C, E, G are C ₂ , E ₂ , G ₂ ; C ₃ , E ₃ ,
G ₃ ; Pitch name related flags corresponding to C ₄ , E ₄ , G ₄ ...
NF becomes "1".

By the way, MELL is a key number register for writing the key number of one key when pressed on the upper keyboard 28, and the key number of the lowest note when multiple keys are pressed at the same time. be. Also, BF-0, BF-1, and BF-2 are buffer registers for writing additional note key number data, and MODE is a data register for specifying the number of additional notes. 01" is written, and in the case of adding three notes, "02" is written in hexadecimal, the UK Any Key On flag which indicates that any key was pressed on the upper keyboard 28 in UKAKO,
LKAKO is an LK any key on flag indicating that any key on the lower keyboard 30 has been pressed. Note that the key numbers for both the upper keyboard 28 and lower keyboard 30 are 2, 2, and 2, starting with the C ₂ key as 1.
3, 4... are assigned, and the _C7 key is set to 31.

Next, the flow of processing of the main routine will be explained with reference to FIG.

First, when the power switch (not shown) is turned on, processing starts, and the upper and lower keyboards UK and LK are scanned, and the various switch SWs on the panel 14 are scanned, and the key information and switch information are stored in the register in the working area 18. is taken in. Then, it is determined whether there is a change in the key state and the switch state, and if there is no change (if NO), scanning and information acquisition are repeated.

Here, if there is a change in the key state or switch state (the determination result is YES), the process moves to a branched process depending on the event type SW, UK, or LK.

For example, if the switch status changes,
It is determined whether the UK and LK tone color switches have changed, and if YES, UK and LK tone color switch information is outputted to the respective tone generators 32 and 38 via the interfaces 22 and 24. in this case,
When the UK timbre switch changes, a limit key number corresponding to the newly selected UK timbre is set in a limit key register (not shown) in the working area 18. Note that the limit key number is predetermined as a key number that is one key lower than the lower limit pitch of the additional tone for each selectable UK tone.

In addition, the number of additional notes can be specified by switch MS2 or MS3.
If there is a change in buffer register BF
- Write "00" in hexadecimal to 0 to BF-2, clear the register, and then write the contents of BF-0 to BF-2.
It is output to the tone generator 32 via the UK sound interface 22. As a result, the additional sound key data of the tone generator 32 is cleared, and if the additional sound was in a non-pronunciation state, the non-pronunciation state will continue, and if the additional sound is in the production state, the non-pronunciation state will continue. If so, the pronunciation will be stopped.

Further, when there is a change in the function switch, various program processing and data transfer are performed, but since these are not directly related to the present case, their explanation will be omitted. Note that after the processing associated with any of the switch state changes described above, the process returns to the scanning and information acquisition processing described above.

On the other hand, when there is a change in the upper keyboard UK, the key information (on or off data and key number data) of the changed key is sent to the UK sound interface 22.
Output to. After this, register UKKD1~61
Determine whether UK Any Key is on by checking the most significant bit of
Write "01" in hexadecimal to UKAKO to set it, and if no, set flag UKAKO.
Write "00" in hexadecimal to reset it. When the flag UKAKO is set, the most significant bit of the registers UKKD1-61 is checked and the key number is set in the register MELL. Thereafter, it is checked whether the register MODE is not "00" in hexadecimal to determine whether it is the additional sound mode, and if it is not the additional sound mode, the process returns to the above-mentioned scanning and information acquisition process.

On the other hand, when there is a change in the lower keyboard LK, the key information (on or off data and key number data) of the changed key is sent to the LK sound interface 24.
Output to. After this, register LKKD1~61
Determine whether LK any key is on by checking the most significant bit of
Write "01" in hexadecimal to LKAKO to put it in the set state, and if no, write "00" in hexadecimal to the flag LKAKO to put it in the reset state. Then, when the flag LKAKO is set, the pitch name related flag NF is set to "1" for those whose most significant bits are "1" among LKKD1 to LKKD61 and those whose pitch names are the same. Thereafter, as in the case of the UK branch described above, it is determined whether the additional sound mode is selected, and if it is not the additional sound mode, the process returns to the above-described scanning and information acquisition processing.

By the way, if it is determined that the mode is the additional sound mode (register MODE is not "00" in hexadecimal) in the above-mentioned determination of the additional sound mode, the process moves to the subroutine shown in FIG. 4 to form the additional sound. If it is possible to form 2-note or 3-note additional note key data, create it and send it to buffer registers BF-0 to BF-2.
write to. Then, the additional sound key data of registers BF-0 to BF-2 is transferred to the UK sound interface 22.
After that, the process returns to the scanning and information acquisition process described above.

Next, with reference to FIG. 4, the flow of processing of a subroutine for forming additional sounds will be explained.

First, 16 in the buffer register BF-0 to BF-2.
Write "00" in decimal to clear the register.
Then, by checking whether the flag LKAKO is "00" in hexadecimal, it is determined whether all keys of LK are off, and if YES, it is impossible to form additional tones, so the process ends. Also, if all LK keys are not off, the flag
Check whether UKAKO is "00" in hexadecimal and determine whether all keys of UK are off. If yes, no additional notes can be formed, so the process ends. Like this LK all keys off or UK
If additional tones cannot be generated because all keys are off, buffer registers BF-0 to BF-2 remain cleared and no additional tones are generated.

Here, assuming that all keys of LK and UK are not turned off, the key number data of the lowest note of UK is written from the key number register MELL to the A register included in the central processing unit 10. Then, subtract 3 from the value of the A register. This changes the first additional sound to UK
This is to make the pitch three keys or more lower than the lowest note.

Next, it is checked whether the content of the A register after the subtraction is negative or 0 to determine whether it is outside the UK key range. . As a result of this determination, since additional tones cannot be formed outside the UK key range, no additional tones are generated as described above.

Next, the contents of the A register are moved to the Y register.
This Y register is provided within the central processing unit 10. After this, one of the registers LKKD1 to LKKD61 shown in FIG.
Load the LK key data into the A register from the register whose address corresponds to LAD plus the value of the Y register.

Next, the least significant bit of the A register is checked to determine whether the note name related flag NF is "1". As a result,
If no, subtract 1 from the value of the Y register and change the address by one key to the bass side. Then, it is checked whether the content of the Y register is negative or 0 to determine whether it is outside the key range, and if no, the process returns to the LK key data import process as described above, and the note name related flag NF = "1".
Repeat the same operation until it is discovered. Incidentally, if YES is determined as Y after subtracting 1 from the value of the Y register as to whether the key is outside the key range, the processing ends as the additional tone cannot be formed, as described above.

On the other hand, if the determination as to whether the pitch name related flag NF is "1" is YES Y, key number data is written from the Y register to the buffer register BF-0. The key number data written to BF-0 at this time becomes the additional note key data for the first note.

Next, after moving the contents of the Y register to the A register, 3 is subtracted from the value of the A register. This is to make the second additional note lower than the first additional note by three keys or more. Thereafter, it is determined whether the key is outside the key range in the same manner as described above, and if no, the contents of the A register are transferred to the Y register. Then, in the same way as described above, import the LK key data into the A register and set the note name related flag.
Determine whether NF is "1", and if the result is No-N, subtract 1 from the value of the Y register, further determine if it is outside the key range, and if No-N, return to the LK key data import process, and if NF = "1" Repeat the same action until it is discovered.

On the other hand, if the determination as to whether the pitch name related flag NF is "1" is YES Y, it is checked whether the value of the Y register is greater than the limit key number of the limit key register and it is determined whether the value is greater than or equal to the lower limit pitch of the additional sound. The limit key number corresponding to the selected melody tone is set in the limit key register as described above, and if this limit key number is, for example, 16, it is possible to determine whether the value of the Y register is greater than 16. Then, it is determined whether or not there are _three E notes (key number 17) or more, and if the result is NO, the process ends. This results in E ₃
This means that the generation of the second additional sound that is lower than the original sound is prohibited. On the other hand, if the number is _E3 or more, key number data is written from the Y register to the buffer register BF-1. At this time, BF-1
The key number data written in becomes the second additional sound key data.

Next, it is determined whether the number of additional notes is 3 by checking whether the register MODE is "02" in hexadecimal.
If so, the process ends, but if YES, Y, the contents of the Y register are moved to the A register. Then, subtract 3 from the value of the A register. This is to make the third additional note lower than the second additional note by three keys or more. Thereafter, it is determined whether the key is outside the key range in the same manner as described above, and if no, the contents of the A register are transferred to the Y register. Then, in the same manner as described above, the LK key data is loaded into the A register, and the note name related flag NF is set to "1".
NF
The same operation is repeated until ="1" is found.

On the other hand, if the judgment result is yes Y if the note name related flag NF is "1", check whether the value of the Y register is greater than the limit key number of the limit key register in the same way as described above, and Determine if it is above. For example, if the limit key number of the limit key register is 16, it will be determined whether it is E ₃ or higher, and if no, the generation of the third additional note lower than the E ₃ note will be prohibited, and if yes, it will be removed from the Y register. Write the key number data to the front register BF-2. The key number data written to EF-2 at this time becomes the additional note key data for the third note.

As above, buffer register BF-0~
The additional sound key data written in BF-2 is supplied to the UK sound interface 22 through the additional sound key data output processing shown in FIG. 3, so the tone generator 32 outputs the UK sound signal as a UK sound signal. In addition to the sound signal corresponding to the pressed key, a sound signal corresponding to the additional sound key data is generated.

As an example, press the C ₆ key in UK and C- in LK.
E-G chord (any octave is fine)
When you press , if switch MS2 is on, additional sounds of G ₅ and E ₅ will be generated along with the C ₆ sound, and the switch will be pressed.
If MS3 is on, additional tones of G ₅ , E ₅ , and C ₅ are generated along with the C ₆ tone. Also, press the C ₄ key in UK and
When pressing the C-E-G chord on LK,
If the switch MS3 is turned on, if the key range restriction means of this invention is not provided, it will be used as an additional sound.
G ₃ , E ₃ , and C ₃ are supposed to be sounded, but in this invention, the generation of additional sounds lower than the E ₃ sound is prohibited, so the C ₃ sound is not produced. Furthermore, if you press the G ₂ key in UK and the C-E-G chord in LK, if switch MS2 is turned on,
Only the _E2 sound is pronounced as the first additional sound, and the _C2 sound as the second additional sound is prohibited from being produced since it is less than _E3 . In this case, if switch MS3 is turned on instead of MS2, the _C2 note will be prohibited from being produced as it is less than _E3 , and the _G1 note will not be produced because it is outside the key range.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the melody sound and the first
The interval between each of the additional notes, the first and second added notes, and the second and third added notes was set to 3 semitones, but this could be changed to 5 or 7 semitones to achieve open harmony. It is also possible to do so.
Furthermore, the intervals between each sound may be made different from each other.

Furthermore, the keyboard is not limited to a two-level keyboard, but may be one in which a single-level keyboard is divided into a melody key area and an accompaniment key area.

As described above, according to the present invention, the lower limit pitch of the additional sound is specified according to the selected melody tone, and the generation of additional sounds lower than the lower limit pitch is prohibited. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of low additional sounds that are extremely difficult to hear for each tone,
This has the effect of eliminating auditory discomfort.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement of registers in the working area, Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the main routine, and Fig. 4 is an additional This is a flowchart of a subroutine for sound formation. 10...Central processing unit, 28...Upper keyboard, 30
...Lower keyboard, 32...Tone generator for upper keyboard, 38...Tone generator for lower keyboard, MS
2, MS3...additional note number designation switch, BF-0
~BF-2...Buffer register for additional sound key data.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first key range for melody, a second key range for accompaniment, and a key that is related in pitch to a key pressed in the first key range and that is pressed in the second key range. data generating means for generating additional tone key data related to the key by pitch name; tone selection means for selecting an arbitrary tone from among the plurality of types of tones; and a tone selection means corresponding to the key data from the first key range. and musical tone forming means for forming and transmitting an additional tone signal corresponding to the additional tone key data from the data generation means using the tone color selected by the tone color selection means. The generating means includes a specifying means for specifying a lower limit pitch of the additional sound according to the tone selected by the tone color selection means, and a specifying means for specifying the lower limit pitch of the additional sound among the additional sound key data that can be generated. What is claimed is: 1. An electronic musical instrument characterized by being provided with a range limiting means for prohibiting sound. 2. In the electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, the data generating means generates first additional tone key data whose pitch is lower than the key pressed in the first key range, and the first additional tone key data. second additional tone key data having a lower pitch than the key data, and the range limiting means generates second additional tone key data having a pitch lower than the lower limit pitch for key data other than the first additional tone key data. An electronic musical instrument characterized in that generation is prohibited. 3. In the electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, the data generation means has a mode selection means for selecting either the first mode or the second mode,
The electronic musical instrument is characterized in that the additional tone key data is generated with different numbers of additional notes when the first mode is selected and when the second mode is selected.