JPH0191846A - Knife for electrosurgery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To make it possible to utilize an electrosurgical knife as a standard surgical cutting blade having a sharp edge when electric power is not applied thereon and as an electrosurgical knife when a high voltage is impressed between conductive surfaces by utilizing a semiconductor mask method. CONSTITUTION: Insulating layers 14 are adhered to both sides of a conductive base 12 and second conductive materials 16 are adhered in prescribed patterns on these insulating layers 14. The combshaped conductive electrodes are formed in such a manner that the insulating materials between teeth and gaps face each other by utilizing the semiconductor mask method, such as sandblasting, laser beam processing or chemical etching. The sharp cutting edge is then formed by polishing on the conductive base 12. The electrosurgical blade 10 constituted in such a manner is mounted at a holder, is connected to a surgical electric power cord 22, etc., and is selectively used for a standard surgical blade mode 26 in which the electric power is not applied on the blade, or an electrocauterization mode 28 in which the high voltage is applied between the conductive members, etc.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION The present invention relates to surgical instruments, and more particularly, to surgical instruments that provide different modes of operation and that include standard surgical cutting or electrocautery blades and that operate at predetermined amplitudes and frequencies. The present invention relates to an electrosurgical scalpel in which the blade vibrates during use, thereby preventing cavitation from accumulating organic debris on the blade surface.

[Conventional technology]

Various prior art electrocautery blades require special materials in the blade or have a combination of structures that are primarily decorative, non-functional, and often require significant drive voltages that cause excessive tissue damage. The effect was small in that it contained

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Some of the prior art devices fail to properly couple their blade members to their voltage source and are susceptible to ineffectiveness.

Other types of prior art blades utilize highly precise and complex electrical circuits in conjunction with standard blades to ultimately achieve the desired result of an effective surgical blade that can operate with more than one mortar. I couldn't.

One of the most severe problems with the prior art is that charred tissue and blood adhere to the blade and short the two conductors, thus making the blade unusable as an electrocautery device.

The present invention utilizes current state-of-the-art semiconductor mask technology to provide an electrosurgical scalpel designed to function as a standard surgical blade or scalpel.

The present invention also provides an electrosurgical scalpel that includes a capacitive blade. One important feature of the present invention is the coupling of elements, such as piezoelectric ceramics, to the surgical blade to cause the blade to vibrate, creating a cavity effect that continually cleans the blade during use.

The general object of the present invention is that it can be utilized as a standard surgical cutting blade with a sharp edge when no power is applied to it;
Can be used as an electrocautery when a voltage high enough to create an electrical discharge for cutting and cauterizing tissue is applied between conductive surfaces;
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric scalpel that can be used as a low-voltage cautery device in places where the 2R loss generates heat that cauterizes tissue.

Another primary object of the present invention is to provide an electrosurgical scalpel that utilizes a capacitive blade in which two conductors are separated by an insulator and are driven by alternating current.

Regardless of the particular blade type, the present invention includes a piezoelectric ceramic or similar transducer element that creates vibrations in the blade sufficient to create a cavity effect, thereby preventing tissue debris from adhering to the blade. The transducer can be attached to the blade member,
It is placed on the handle member in perfect contact with the blade so that the blade vibrates while creating a hollow effect at the interface between the tissue and the blade.

[Means for solving problems]

In one embodiment of the invention, a conductive base of conductive material, such as stainless steel, said base member made in the shape of a scalpel with a pointed edge and a blade of gold material. A layer of insulating material placed on opposite sides of the blade, a second layer of conductive material deposited on top of the insulating material, and a mask, laser machining, or chemical process to form a conductive interdigitated electrode on the opposite side of the blade. action,
and a plurality of gap features exiting the second conductive layer formed by semiconductor techniques including electrode discharge machining (EDM), electron beam drilling, ion milling, or polishing sun-plasting. A scalpel is provided. Another embodiment of the invention includes opposing gaps on opposing surfaces of the blade, staggered gaps on the opposing surfaces of the blade, and a sandwich arrangement of holes and gaps that span partially from the second conductive portion of the blade to the first conductive portion of the blade. Contains an alternating structure.

Another alternative embodiment of the invention includes a conductive blade, a thick insulation layer extending across the conductive blade except for a predetermined sharp cutting edge of the blade, and a thick insulation layer that is slightly offset from the edge of the thick insulation. a narrow conductor, such as a strip of metal, and a final, thinner insulating layer covering the narrow conductor, such that the narrow conductor and underlying blade conductor provide a capacitive action to bioelectrically disrupt the muscle. , including electrocautery.

such as barium titanate, piezoelectric ceramics,
An electro-mechanical transducer is attached to or mechanically coupled to the surgical blade to vibrate the blade to create a cavity effect.

One important aspect and feature of the present invention is an electrosurgical knife that can be utilized in multiple modes, including a standard surgical blade or electrocautery mode, or a mode in which heat is created during cauterization.

Another important aspect and feature of the present invention is an electrosurgical scalpel that utilizes the current state of the art in making the blade at minimal cost, thereby rendering the blade disposable.

Another important aspect and feature of the invention is an electrosurgical scalpel that utilizes a capacitive relationship between two conductors.

The main object of the present invention is to provide an electrosurgical scalpel.

Another object is to provide an ultrasonically vibrated electrosurgical scalpel.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a surgical scalpel that is disposable and manufactured using current state-of-the-art semiconductor integrated circuit manufacturing processes.

Another object of the invention is a surgical scalpel that utilizes capacitive effects by separating two conductors, one conductor being insulated from the flute and the flute including a sharp edge.

Yet another object of the present invention is to utilize an electro-mechanical transducer to vibrate the blade at a predetermined amplitude and frequency at any time during a surgical procedure, thereby preventing debris buildup on the surgical blade. It is.

Other objects and many advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings in which like parts are designated by like reference numerals.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a blade portion 10 of an electrocautery surgical instrument that includes a conductive base 12, such as stainless steel or the like, capable of sharpening or sharpening to sharp cutting edges. Stainless steel is particularly suitable for surgery because it retains sharp edges, is easy to work with from a processing and manufacturing standpoint, and is a surgically and medically approved material by the Food and Drug Administration.

Insulating layer 14 is deposited on both sides of conductive platform 12 by methods known in the art. A second conductive material 16 is deposited over the insulating layer 14 in a predetermined pattern. A plurality of gaps of predetermined height and width are created along the edge. sun r
Plast, rede processing, chemical etching, electrical discharge machining (B
I)11), electron beam drilling, ion cutting (ion
Processes such as milling, polishing, etc. can be used to form the comb-shaped conductive electrodes, with opposing insulating material and gaps between the teeth. A drawn and sharp cut edge is polished on a conductive table 12. The blade may have any predetermined shape, including having a pointed tip, having a rounded tip as shown in Figure 1, or having any other shape depending on the type of surgery and the surgeon's choice. Can be done.

FIG. 2 shows a view taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1, with all numbers corresponding to the aforementioned elements.

Although this figure shows opposing comb teeth and combs, these are not necessarily opposed and may be staggered.

Such opposing Yayatsuzo is merely an example for illustrative purposes.
This is not intended to limit the invention.

FIG. 6 shows an end view of FIG.

Figure ff14 shows the surgical power cord attached to the retainer.
The electrosurgical blade 10 is shown connected to a surgical power source 20 by a line cord 22 and a line cord 24. Surgical power supply 20 can operate in three modes 26, 28 and 30. The first mode P is a standard surgical blade mode where no power is applied to the blade.
26-r: Yes. The second mode is an electrocautery mode 28 in which high voltage is applied between the conductive members creating a slight electrical discharge for cutting and cauterization. 3rd Morr refers to the low pressure applied between the conductive elements where the cauterizing heat is created by the 2R loss.

FIG. 5 shows a first conductor 104 and a second conductor 10 having a non-conductive insulating support 102 and arranged in an opposing matrix and electrically connected to each other across a working edge 108.
6 shows a folded (bilateral) view of an electrocautery surgical electrode comprising: 6; Conductors 104 and 106 are comb-shaped, with teeth spanning each opposite side of insulating support 102 and extensions mating with the teeth on that side. The particular tip of the cutting edge is polished to a sharp tip 10B; FIG. 6 shows a particular configuration of electrodes 104a-104n.

106a-106n, and a fifth illustrating insulating material 102.
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the figure.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7--7 of FIG. 5, with all numbers corresponding to the previously described elements.

FIG. 8 shows a conductive table 202. Insulating layer 204. The insulating layer 2
second conductive material 206 deposited on top of 04, material 20
6 shows a cross-sectional view of an electrocautery surgical blade including multiple holes 208 extending through a conductive platform 202 through an insulating layer 204. The holes 208a-208n serve to distribute the current in a predetermined and desired manner.

FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view taken along line 9--9 of FIG. 8, where all numbers correspond to the previously described elements.

FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view taken along line 10--10 of FIG. 9, where all numbers correspond to the previously described elements.

FIG. 11 includes a conductive base 302, an insulating layer 304, and a second conductive material 306 attached to the insulating layer 304, as well as a structure surrounded by a plurality of bridges, as also shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of an electrosurgical blade 303 including segments 308 and alternating gaps 310 therebetween.

Figure 16 shows the 11
A view taken along line 13-13 of the figure is shown.

The electrocautery surgical blade is connected to an electrocautery power supply that provides power for three actuation modes P, these actuation modes are as an actuation mode P as a semi-surgical blade, high voltage is applied between the conductive layers and a synthetic discharge arc is generated. The operating mode P5 is an electrocautery blade used for cutting and cauterization, or the operating mode P is an operating mode P in which the heat for cauterization is applied with a low pressure created by the heat loss.

The insulating material can be ceramic, glass, or other non-conductive material. The conductive material can be silver, gold, aluminum, etc. deposited or plated and photoetched onto the insulating non-conductive material. The conductive table must be made of a highly conductive material that can be sharpened down to narrow, sharp edges. Additionally, non-conductive insulating materials brought up to the edges, such as glass or ceramics with photoetched or vapor deposited metal on their upper surface, are particularly desirable in the disclosed embodiments.

Figure 14 shows the sharp edge 4 made on the working edge.
2 shows a side view of a capacitive electrocautery surgical blade including a blade channel 400 having a blade 02. The right end of the blade as seen in FIG. 14 serves as the first electrical contact piece P401.

Nausea 0.127B ~ 0.381 yt (0, [] 0
A thick insulator 404, such as 5" to 0.015"), is attached to the flute 400, as best shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG.
is formed on the top surface of. Thickness 0.254m~0.76
2 nt (0.01″~0.03″) range (7) [
1 and a narrow conductor 406 with a predetermined width is a thick insulator 40
4, and is placed slightly off-centered on the bottom edge of the blade 4, and is parallel to the blade groove body 400 as shown. narrow conductor 40
6 is positioned at the end with a second contact pad 408 separated from pad 401 as shown in FIG. 14 and surrounds the front upper edge of the blade. Predetermined thickness 0.0254n
A thin insulator 405 of ~0.0508 x (0,001″~0.007) is formed on top of the narrow conductor 406, on top of the gauze insulator 404, and below the thick insulator 404 at the ?A edge. The contacts P401 and 408 connect the blade to a current source that applies a capacitive charge across the thick blade groove 400, the insulator 404, and the thin narrow conductor 406, thereby causing the blade to causes dielectric breakdown when the blade comes into contact with the muscle during surgery.
Mounted in a blade holder as shown in the figure. The blade retainer may include a compression screw or the like that clamps around the blade and provides electrical contact to the contact pad.

FIG. 16 shows a top view of a capacitive electrocautery blade 400 in which all numbers correspond to the elements described above. Ultrasonic transducer 420
An electro-mechanical converter such as is attached to the blade,
It includes two contact pads 422 and 424 that power the transducer 420 from an AC power source. Contact parage 4
24 is electrically and mechanically connected to contact pad 401. Transducer 420 oscillates at the same wavenumber determined by the power source and at a selected frequency with an amplitude that produces a cavity effect. The high frequency vibrations of the blade can cause fragments to be removed during surgical procedures.
Prevent it from adhering to the surface. Transducer 420 may be independently powered or powered by the same power source used to energize the blade.

Figure 17 shows a sharp 9520. First contact pad area 504
, a layer of insulating layer 506 overlying the conductive platform but exposing cutting blade 502, and a wrapped metal surface 508 including a second contact pad 510 deposited or attached onto layer 506. A top view of a resistive electrocautery blade 500 is shown. The resistive blade is similar to the blade types previously described in FIGS. 1-13. A transducing element 520, including contact points 522 and 524, is placed in intimate contact with the contact surface 504. Contact point 524 is contact pad 50
4 mechanically and electrically connected. The operation of the blade of FIG. 17 in vibration mode is the same as that of FIGS. 14 to 16.

FIG. 18 shows a plan view of a blade holder with a vibration transducer according to another alternative embodiment of the invention. The blade retainer 600 passes through the front of the handle and exits upwardly from the lower edge of the handle, and extends from the 19th
It also includes a slot 602 that enters the handle as shown. A cavity 604 is also provided for a piezoelectric transducer 606, so that it is placed next to the surgical blade, all of which will be explained in detail below. When the transducer 606 is mechanically pushed toward the surgical blade, the surgical blade is caused to oscillate transversely to the blade's longitudinal axis during a power-on condition. Alternatively, a cavity receiving the surgical blade is created with a transducer permanently affixed to the surgical blade. Of course, suitable electrical contact pads must then be provided to drive the ultrasound transducer.

Blade holder 600 also includes two contact pads 608 and 610 that contact the surgical blade so that power can be selectively applied to both the blade and transducer 6060. screws 612 and 61
4 and wing nuts 616 and 618 provide compression of the two halves of blade retainers 620 and 622 to push against slit 602 and hold the surgical blade in a frictional fit within retainer 600.

A power supply 624, including three power capes k 620a-620c, provides the surgical blade as well as converted MVC power. The power cable is a common electric wire 620a, a converter electric wire 620
b and surgical blade power line 52oc. power supply 62
4 is switched and activated as needed, and includes a transducer waveform source 626a and a switching device 626b and a blade waveform source 628a and a switching device 628b.

The invention is described in detail herein to comply with patent law and to provide those skilled in the art with the information necessary to apply the new principles and make and use the specialized components required. It was done. It goes without saying, however, that the invention can be carried out with clearly different equipment and devices, and that various modifications both with respect to equipment details and operating procedures may be effected without departing from the scope of the invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a cross-sectional view of the electrosurgical scalpel, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 6--6 of FIG. 4 is a view of the electrosurgical scalpel connected to a surgical power source; FIG. 5 is a folded view showing another embodiment of the electrosurgical scalpel; and FIG. 6 is a view taken along the lines of FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7--7 of FIG. 5; FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a surgical blade; FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 9-9 of FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG. 9, and FIG. One cross-sectional view, FIG. 12 taken along line 12-12 of FIG. 11, and FIG. 13 taken along line 13-1 of FIG.
14 is a plan view of the capacitive scalpel; FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 15-15 of FIG. 14; FIG. Figure 17 is a top view of a capacitive scalpel with an ultrasonic transducer; Figure 17 is a top view of a resistive surgical blade with an ultrasonic transducer; Figure 18 is a top view of a retainer with an ultrasonic transducer; Figure 19 is line 19-19 in Figure 18.
FIG. 10... Blade: 12... Base member: 14... Insulating material; 16... Conductive material: 20... Surgical power source: 22,
24...Two P0

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) An electrosurgical instrument comprising: (a) a conductive blade member having a sharp edge; and (b) an insulating layer covering the conductive blade except for the sharp edge. (c) a conductive strip disposed adjacent an edge portion of the insulating layer near the sharp edge, the conductive strip being coupled to a conductive pad on the insulating layer; (d) another insulating layer covering the conductive strip except in the area of the conductive pad. (2) The electrosurgical scalpel of claim 1, wherein the conductive blade and the conductive strip include a capacitor. (3) The thickness of the insulating layer is 0.127 to 0.381 mm
(0.005 to 0.015 inches). (4) The thickness of the conductive strip is 0.254~0.
The electrosurgical scalpel of claim 1, wherein the length is within the range of 762 mm (0.01 to 0.03 inches). (5) The thickness of the other insulating layer is 0.0
25~0.067mm (0.001~0.0024in)
) The electrosurgical scalpel according to claim 1, wherein the electrosurgical scalpel is within the range of: (6) an electrosurgical scalpel comprising: (a) an electrocautery surgical blade device comprising a device for electrocauterizing tissue; An electrosurgical scalpel comprising: a device for vibrating a blade device. 7. The electrosurgical scalpel of claim 6, wherein the electrocautery blade device exhibits a capacitive effect. (8) The electrosurgical scalpel according to claim 6, wherein the electrocautery blade device is a resistive element that heats the tissue by passing an electric current through the tissue. (9) The electrosurgical scalpel according to claim 6, wherein the device for vibrating the surgical blade device is a piezoelectric ceramic transducer. (10) The electrosurgical scalpel according to claim 6, wherein the device for vibrating the surgical blade device is a barium titanate piezoelectric ceramic transducer. (11) The electrosurgical scalpel according to claim 9, wherein the transducer is directly attached to the surgical blade device. (12) further comprising a power supply electrically connected to the surgical blade device and the device for vibrating the surgical blade device to provide power to the surgical device and the device for vibrating the surgical blade device. An electrosurgical scalpel according to claim 6. (13) A blade holder and blade combination comprising: (a) a blade holder including a longitudinal slit for receiving a predetermined portion of said blade and including a power contact pad connection device within said slit; and (b) said blade. an electro-mechanical transducer placed in a distal portion of the retainer; (c) retracting the slit into a substantially closed position around both the blade and the transducer, coupling the transducer to the blade; a mechanical compression device; (d) a base portion and a working edge spanning a distal end of the base portion;
a first conductor spanning across the blade; a first insulating layer disposed over the first conductor up to the working edge of the blade; and a first insulating layer extending generally parallel to the first conductor and extending above the working edge of the blade. a second conductor spaced from the first conductor and from the working edge on at least one side of the blade by a second insulating layer overlying the second conductor; and a second insulating layer located on the base portion of the blade. two or more electrical contact pads electrically connected to the first and second conductors in the slit and operatively connected to the contact pad connection device in the slit for coupling electrical energy to the blade; An electrosurgical scalpel comprising: the blade having: (14) The electrosurgical scalpel according to claim 13, wherein the converting device is a piezoelectric ceramic. (15) Claim 13, wherein the converter is a barium titanate piezoelectric ceramic converter.
Electrosurgical scalpel as described in section. (16) The electrosurgical scalpel according to claim 13, wherein the conversion device is mounted directly on the blade. (17) a power supply for powering the blade and a power supply for powering the conversion device, each of which is connected to the contact pad connection device of the surgical blade holder by a flexible cable; 14. An electrosurgical scalpel according to claim 13, characterized in that it includes a device. (18) The first conductor is a base member of the blade, and the second conductor is parallel to and insulatively spaced from the base member to create a capacitive electric field therebetween when a potential is connected across the base member. Claim 13, characterized in that:
Electrosurgical scalpel as described in section. (19) The thickness of the first insulating layer is 0.127 to 0.38
14. The electrosurgical scalpel according to claim 13, wherein the electrosurgical scalpel has a diameter of 1 mm (0.005 to 0.015 inches). (20) The thickness of the second conductor is 0.762 mm (0.0
14. The electrosurgical scalpel according to claim 13, wherein the electrosurgical scalpel has a diameter of less than 30 inches. (21) The thickness of the second insulating layer is 0.127 to 0.06
14. The electrosurgical scalpel according to claim 13, wherein the electrosurgical scalpel has a diameter of 7 mm (0.005 to 0.0024 inches).