JPH0192014A - Positioning/coupling device for tool head - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify a positioning/coupling section by providing a clutch engagable with a positioning member and a pull stud for the purpose of positioning/coupling between a machining head and a saddle, and coupling a transmission shaft with a driven shaft. CONSTITUTION:Annular positioning members 28, 29 are provided on a coupling face between a tool head and a saddle 9 and fitted under positioned state to a transmission shaft 20 and a driven shaft 27 with the rotary phase being indexed. A pull stud 32 is provided concentrically with the driven shaft 27 on the coupling face of the tool head at the outside of a clutch 24 while a clamp member 33 is provided in the direction of the transmission shaft 20 for the saddle 9 at the outside of the clutch 23 in order to support a plurality of clamp balls 34 at the tip thereof. Upon coupling of the tool head and the saddle 9, the pair of clutches 23, 24 engage each other to couple the transmission shaft 20 and the driven shaft 27. Consequently, the structure is simplified when compared with a conventional one.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool in which a plurality of tool heads can be automatically exchanged, and in particular, the present invention relates to a machine tool in which a plurality of tool heads can be automatically exchanged. It concerns the means for transmitting rotational force to the tool head.

Prior Art Machine tools with replaceable tool heads are already known. However, in the conventional type, the connecting portion between the tool head and the feed unit is complicated, and there are also problems in transmitting rotational force in the connected state.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a structure that allows a replaceable tool head and a saddle on the processing unit side to be connected with a simple structure and is suitable for transmitting rotation.

Solution to the Invention Therefore, the present invention adopts a clamping mechanism using a positioning member and a pull stand for positioning connection between the processing head and the saddle, and uses a meshing clutch to transfer the rotational force of the transmission shaft on the saddle side to the tool head side. transmission to the driven shaft. In particular, since these rotational force transmission parts, the clamp mechanism, and the coupling mechanism are provided concentrically, their positioning connection parts are
It is simpler than the conventional type, and can perform clamping and unclamping operations as well as smooth transmission of rotational force.

Overview of Machine Tool First, FIGS. 1 and 2 show a machine tool 1. As shown in FIG.

This machine tool 1 is provided in a conveyance line for a workpiece 2 to be machined, and in relation to a plurality of replaceable tool heads 3, a positioning coupling device 4, a tool head exchange device 5, a tool head The receiver is equipped with a transfer device 6 and a magazine device 7.

A particular tool head 3 is attached to the saddle 9 of the feed unit 8 by means of a positioning coupling 4, approaches the workpiece 2 by means of the feed movement by the feed unit 8, and by rotation of the tool 10 of the multi-axis type is attached to the workpiece 2 as required. This workpiece 2, which undergoes a cutting process, is transferred to the transfer device 1.
1 to a processing position, and is fixed at that position by a clamping device 12.

On the other hand, tool heads 3 necessary for various types of machining are clamped by a magazine device 7 and are on standby in an indexable state. When replacing the tool head 3, the tool head transfer device 6 takes a predetermined i-tool head 3 from the magazine device 7, and the transfer arm 14 of the tool head exchange device 5 transfers the tool head by rotating the transfer arm 13. Pass the uke to the first exchange position.

After this, the exchange arm 14 is rotated 180" around the horizontal axis.
By pivoting, the new tool head 3 is placed in the saddle 9.
At the same time, the used tool head 3 is transferred to the exchange position side. Thereafter, the transfer arm 13 picks up the used tool head 3 from the exchange arm 14 and transfers it to a predetermined position in the magazine mount W7 in preparation for the next machining operation. Then, when the saddle 9 is moved forward by the feed unit 8, the new tool head 3 is inserted into the positioning coupling device 4 of the present invention.
The tool 10 is connected to the saddle 9 by the feed unit 8, moves forward in the direction of the workpiece 2 by the feed unit 8, receives rotational force from the drive motor 15 of the feed unit 8, rotates the tool 10, and performs necessary cutting on the workpiece 2.

Structure of the Present Invention Next, FIGS. 3 to 6 show the structure of the positioning connecting portion W14 of the present invention.

The saddle 9 is provided so as to be movable forward and backward along the guide surface of the feed table 16, and is driven in the forward and backward direction by a feed screw unit 17 on the side of the feed table 16.

As shown in FIG. 3, the drive motor 15 is fixed to the rear end surface of the saddle 9 together with a housing 18, and the motor shaft 19 of the drive motor 15 is connected to the transmission shaft 20.
is connected to. This transmission shaft 20 is connected to the housing 18
It is rotatably supported inside by front and rear bearings 21, and one clutch 23 of a pair of meshing type clutches 23, 24 is connected in a non-rotating state at the spline 22 at the tip. In addition, this clutch 23 includes this and the spring receiver 2 of the transmission shaft 20 example.
6 is constantly biased in the direction of engagement with the other clutch 24 by a coil spring 25 between the two clutches. The other clutch 24 is fixed to the driven shaft 27 on the tool head 3 side by a spline in a non-rotating state.

The connecting surface between the tool head 3 and the saddle 9 is
An annular positioning member 28 such as a car pick coupling (trade name) so that they can fit into each other in a positioned state.
．． 29 each. These positioning members 2
8.29 fits in the positioning state while determining the rotational phase with respect to the transmission shaft 20 and driven shaft 27 at the center position by fitting at the peaks and valleys partially formed on the circumference. . An air passage 30 for cleaning the mating surface is formed in one of the positioning members 28, and a V-packet 31 for protection is attached to the outer periphery of the other positioning member 29.

On the other hand, the tool head 3 has a clutch 2 on its connecting surface 3a.
4 is provided with a hollow pull stud 32 concentric with the driven shaft 27. Correspondingly, the saddle 9 holds the cylindrical clamp member 33 on the transmission shaft 2 at the outer portion of the clutch 23.
A plurality of clamp balls 34 are supported at the distal end within a hole 38 so as to be freely movable in the diametrical direction of the clamp member 33. The outer peripheral portion of the clamp member 33 is a piston 35, which is housed inside a cylinder 36 and a cylinder cover 37 as a clamp driving means so as to be movable in the direction of the transmission shaft 20. This piston 35 is urged in the clamping direction by a coil spring 36 and is prevented from rotating by a pin 40 on the cylinder cover 37 side.

The driving fluid is supplied from two boats 50. The cylinder 36 is attached to the front of the saddle 9, and the cylinder cover 37 integrally forms a cam surface 41 on the outside of the clamp ball 34. A cleaning air passage 51 is also formed in this clamp portion.

The tool head 3 and the saddle 9 also have a plurality of connecting cylinders 42 fitted on the side of the saddle 9 on the connecting surface in order to communicate cutting fluid or air, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6. A cylindrical insert 43 is provided on each side of the tool head 3.

The connecting cylinder 42 is provided with an opening/closing plug 45 inside which is biased by a spring 44, and when it comes into contact with the insert 43, the inside of the connecting cylinder 42 and the insert 43 are brought into an open state.

A sensor 46 for detecting the clamp state and a sensor 47 for confirming the engagement state are installed at appropriate positions on the saddle 9.
are provided, and they are attached to the dog 4 of the clamp member 33.
8 and the dog 49 of the clutch 23.

Operation of the Invention As already described, the tool head 3 is held by the changing arm 14 of the tool head changing device 5 and is guided in position on the front side of the saddle 9. At this time, the saddle 9 moves forward from the standby position, as shown in FIG.
The fit of the positioning members 28, 29 connects them in position in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, upon this combination,
Since the clamp member 33 is moving in the forward direction, that is, to the left in FIG. It enters the inside of the clamp member 33 while displacing it outward.

After this, the driving fluid is supplied to the inside of the cylinder 36, so the piston 35 retreats, pressing the clamp ball 34 against the cam surface 41 and displacing it toward the center, as shown in FIG. ), a clamp ball 34 is attached to the protrusion on the outer peripheral edge of the pull stand 32.
Press against it. Note that the clamp state at this time can be electrically detected by detecting the position of the dog 48 with the sensor 46. In this state, the tool head 3 is positioned by the positioning members 28, 29, and the attachment of the saddle 9 is fixed to the surface with the pull stud 32 and the clamping member 33 clamping the tool head 3. At the same time, a pair of clutches 23 and 24 are engaged inside this pull stud 32, and the transmission shaft 20 and the driven shaft 27 are connected. The engagement state at this time can be electrically confirmed by detecting the dog 49 with the sensor 47. Note that, at this time, when the pair of clutches 23 and 24 are not in the meshing phase, the clutch 23 moves backward against the coil spring 25, thereby allowing the clutch 24 to enter.

Then, as the transmission shaft 20 rotates at a very low speed and receives the force of the coil spring 25, they fit together completely.

In this way, after the tool head 3 is attached to the saddle 9 of the feed unit 8, the feed unit 8 is attached to the saddle 9.
is advanced in the machining feed direction, and the tool 10 of the tool head 3 is brought close to the workpiece 2 to be machined. On the way, the drive motor 15 rotates the transmission shaft 20 while increasing the speed from low speed, thereby controlling the rotation between the pair of clutches 23 and 23.
24 to the driven shaft 27 of the tool head 3, and finally gives the tool 10 a rotational motion for cutting.

Of course, this tool head 3 can be replaced using the replacement arm 14.
This is possible by clamping the Rad 3 to the tool, moving the clamping member 33 forward, unclamping the pull stud 32, and then retracting the saddle 9. Thereafter, the exchange arm 14 of the tool head exchange device 5 rotates 180 degrees to replace the new tool head 3.
is transferred to the front side of the saddle 9, and the used tool head 3 is transferred to the exchange position for handover.

Other Embodiments of the Invention In the above embodiment, the cylinder 3 is used as a clamp driving means.
6 is incorporated into the outer peripheral portion of the clamp member 33,
This clamp driving means may be transmitted to the clamp member 33 from outside the saddle 9 using a lever or the like.

Further, it is sufficient for the positioning members 28 and 29 to have teeth only partially, but it is of course possible to have teeth all around the circumference.Furthermore, the positioning member is not limited to a coupling as in the embodiment, but a locating pin may be provided. You can also do that.

Effect of the invention The present invention provides the following unique effects.

First, the tool head is securely clamped at one central location by the pull stand and clamp member, and a pair of clutches are engaged concentrically with this pull stud, so the position can be determined at one central location. The fixed part and the rotating part can be easily connected, and the positioning connection structure can be simplified compared to conventional ones.

In addition, since the rotational force of the transmission shaft is transmitted to the driven shaft of the tool head by the clutch at the center position of the pull stand, the rotational force is reliably transmitted, and the reaction force of the rotational torque is also applied to the outer positioning member. Since the receiver is stopped, no biased external force is applied to the tool head or saddle, and rotational force is transmitted smoothly. Furthermore, by providing the pull stand on the outer circumferential side of the clutch, the heavy tool head can be held in a wide range at the center, making stable clamping possible.

Furthermore, since these combinations are easily performed by the advancing or retracting function of the saddle with respect to the tool head guided to a fixed position, there is no need for the tool head changer to guide the tool head in the coupling direction. The structure of that part can be simplified accordingly.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front view of the machine tool, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway side view of the machine tool, Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the positioning coupling device of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is a front view of the coupling surface of the tool head. Figure, 5th
The figure is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the clamp portion, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a connecting portion for air, etc. 1. Machine tool, 2. Workpiece, 3. Tool head, 3
a... Connecting surface, 4... Positioning coupling device, 5... Tool head exchange device, 6... Tool head receiver is transfer device, 7...
Magazine device, 8...Feed unit, 9...Saddle, 1
0...Tool, 15...Drive motor, 19...Motor shaft,
20... Transmission shaft, 23. 24... Clutch, 27... Driven shaft, 28. 29... Positioning member, 32... Pull stud, 33... Clamp member, 36... Cylinder as clamp driving means. Patent Applicant Nippei Toyama Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Isamu Nakagawa Figure 7 Figure 3 Figure 4 M Figure 5 R7
6th cause of f2, □? Procedural amendment 1) December 11, 1985 Director General of the Patent Office Kunio Ogawa 1, Indication of the case Patent Application No. 247392 of 1988 2, Title of the invention Tool head positioning and coupling device 3,
Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address 2-4-1 Hamamatsucho, Minato-ku, Tokyo Name
Nippei Toyama Co., Ltd. Representative Katsushi Matsumoto 4, Agent 8160 5, Date of amendment order None 6, Subject of amendment Detailed explanation of the invention in the specification - ?

Claims (1)

[Claims] a saddle having a transmission shaft connected to a motor shaft and movable back and forth in the machining feed direction; a tool head having a driven shaft and detachable from the saddle; a positioning member provided on the saddle and the tool head; a pair of clutches provided on the transmission shaft and the driven shaft; a pull stud provided concentrically with the driven shaft and fixed to the coupling surface of the tool head; and a pull stud provided concentrically with the transmission shaft on the saddle side. A tool head positioning and coupling device comprising a clamp member for clamping and unclamping the pull stud, and a clamp driving means for moving the clamp member in the clamping direction and the unclamping direction.