JPH0195829A - Universal mold and hot forming method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a working cost and to improve working accuracy by arranging numerous upper and lower punches capable of adjusting the position by a square thread screw inside a die frame and forming an optional three dimensional curved face. CONSTITUTION:The upper die punch 3 and lower die punch 4 forming a three dimensional curved face are arranged in numerous pieces at the inner part of upper die frame 1 and lower die frame 2. A punch spherical head 12 is arranged with its height position adjustable by specified coordinate numerical value part and a sliding cylinder 13 is executed by the square thread 15 of a guide cylinder 14 on the positional setting of the spherical head 12. In various three dimensional curved face formings, the punches 3, 4 are adjusted by adequate coordinates, a dummy plate 17 and thick steel plate are subjected to bending together at a 1st time, then at a 2nd time and on the plate 17 is fixed to a press and used as a universal die. Due to numerous curved face shapes being enabled to be coped with by one die and the structure being simplified as well, the working cost is reduced and working accuracy is improved.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a mold used mainly in hot forming methods for blades having a three-dimensional surface shape, and in particular, to a mold for forming blades having a three-dimensional surface shape. This invention relates to a universal mold that can be used by adjusting one mold to each arrangement point during processing.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, a mold for forming a three-dimensional curved surface was developed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-163.
As seen in No. 033 and JP-A-62-77128, in order to obtain a predetermined curved surface, plates with molds arranged in a lattice pattern are combined vertically and horizontally, and the combined plates are arranged to form a predetermined curved surface. Processing and filling the vertical and horizontal spaces with filler,
Instead of a plate, a core processed to have a predetermined curved surface (
There are molds in which blocks (blocks) are joined together using spacers, but in either case, one mold must be manufactured for a curved surface, and there is no flexibility for molding other curved surfaces.

In addition, there are Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 59-153527 and 1987-245924 that aim to achieve a certain degree of flexibility, but the method of adjusting several rods at the same time by motor drive has space constraints. It is difficult to adjust each punch, and there are also restrictions on the strength of the punch, making it impossible to form large items. Furthermore, there are some designs that aim for flexibility by creating a groove in the punch (post), inserting a plate into this groove, and adjusting the plate combination, but it takes time to assemble, and there are also problems with strength. , it is difficult to mold large wall thicknesses.

As described above, in the conventional method, it is difficult to mold large and thick objects using a flexible mold, and furthermore, the curved surface integral type requires a huge amount of mold cost.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In the above-mentioned conventional technology, when there are various curved surface shapes, molds that are used for hot forming three-dimensional curved surfaces with complicated shapes, mainly runner vanes of pump water turbines, etc. It is almost impossible to create a mold, the cost of the mold is enormous, and there are problems with the strength of the mold when hot working thick steel plates.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanism that can adjust punches arranged in rows of points one by one in order to form runner vanes of pump water turbines etc. whose curved surface shape changes in a short time and with high precision. To provide a universal mold that can be molded into various curved shapes.

[Means for solving problems]

The above purpose is to hot form blades with various arbitrary three-dimensional curved surfaces, mainly runner vanes for pump water turbines, etc., in order to accommodate various arbitrary curved surfaces in one mold. The punches arranged at each point are arranged in an array at each point, the punches arranged at each point are made to correspond to the coordinates of each point on the arbitrary curved surface, and the punches arranged at each point at the array in the mold are adjusted by the amount corresponding to the coordinates. An arbitrary curved surface can be formed by adjusting the punch by rotating a square threaded screw, and it is possible to easily and quickly form a curved surface by arranging each dot array to form an arbitrary curved surface. Furthermore, since the punches in each dot array are made of square screws, they can sufficiently withstand the strong forming force during forming.

[Effect]

A universal mold for forming three-dimensional curved surfaces of various shapes has punches for forming curved surfaces arranged and arranged at opposing positions inside the lower and upper molds. In the case of the upper mold, a protrusion is provided on the bottom of the punch to prevent the punch from falling due to its own weight.The positions of the upper and lower molds facing each other are arranged and arranged using square screws. You can form any curved surface by adjusting the same coordinate values as the punch. The punch consists of this square screw, a steel ball directly connected to it, and a sliding tube, which serves both as strength and as a positioning mechanism for the punch. The punches in the upper and lower molds are adjusted according to the coordinates of each point, assembled into an appropriate hydraulic press, a heated thick steel plate is sandwiched between the upper and lower mold punches, and a predetermined force is applied by the hydraulic press. and mold it. Punch adjustment settings are made manually for each punch, allowing for accurate settings.
Since there are few dimensional errors, it is possible to perform three-dimensional curved surface molding with high precision.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described based on FIGS. 1 to 6. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the universal mold of the present invention, showing a thick steel plate to be formed into a three-dimensional curved box with a dummy plate sandwiched in the middle. Figure 2 shows the universal type shown in Figure 1.
It is a plan view as seen from the arrows, and is a part of the plan view in which punches arranged in a dot array are indicated by black circles. Further, FIG. 3 shows a part of a side view of the universal mold shown in FIG. 1 when viewed from the direction indicated by the arrow. FIG. 4 shows a state in which a dummy plate is fixed to the universal mold and a flat thick steel plate is set inside the universal mold, and the state is shown before starting the three-dimensional curved surface forming process of the thick steel plate. FIG. 5 shows an overall view of a vane with a three-dimensional curved surface, mainly a pump-turbine, etc., which is a contrast to the present invention, and FIG. 6 shows a runner vane of the pump-turbine, etc.

The universal type has an upper die frame 1, a lower die frame 2, and an upper die punch 3 for forming a three-dimensional curved surface.
and lower punch 4 are stored.

At the bottom of the lower punch 4 and the upper punch 3, there is a spacer 5 for the upper punch to cover the adjustment amount of the punch.
and lower die punch spacers 6 of several shapes with different heights are fixed to the punch and fixed to the upper die frame 1 and the lower die frame 2, respectively. Spacer 5 for upper punch
In order to prevent it from falling due to its own weight, the T-shaped protrusion of the spacer 5 for the upper die punch is inserted into the T-shaped groove in the block 7 fixed to the upper die frame 1, so that it does not get caught and fall. There is. An upper mold guide plate 8 and a lower mold guide plate 9 each having a three-dimensional curved cut are fixed to the upper mold frame 1 and the lower mold frame 2 on all sides.

The processing method and operation of the universal mold configured as described above is used for forming three-dimensionally curved blades, mainly runner vanes 11 of the pump water turbine 10. First, the upper die punch 3 and the lower die punch 4 arranged in each point sequence are combined based on the numerical values of the coordinates of each point sequence.

A spacer 5 for the upper punch and a spacer 6 for the lower punch are selected and fixed to the upper punch 3 and the lower punch 4, respectively.

The set upper die punch 3 and lower die punch 4 are arranged in the upper die frame 1 and lower die frame 2, respectively, but only the upper die punch 3 is placed in the T-shaped groove of the block 7 with a spacer 5 for the upper die punch. The T-shaped protrusion is inserted and rotated 90° to prevent it from falling, but the lower mold punch 4 is inserted into the lower mold frame 2 as it is. The upper punch 3 and the lower punch 4 adjust the punch ball head 12 by a predetermined coordinate value according to the value of each point sequence coordinate.
2 is fixed to the slide tube 13, and the slide tube 13 is further connected to the guide tube 1 that guides the slide tube 13.
The coordinate position can be set finely by means of square screws 15 fixedly attached to 4. By turning the handle 16 provided on the punch ball head 12, the square screw 15 and the slide tube 13 can set the coordinate position of the ball head 12. After determining the coordinate positions of the punches arranged in a series of points in this way, the runner vane 11 sandwiched between the dummy plates 17 is set in a hydraulic press, and molding is performed by applying a molding force as shown by the arrow. After the second forming process, the dummy plate 17 is fixed to the upper mold guide plate 8 and the lower mold guide plate 9 by welding or the like, and as shown in FIG. is inserted between dummy plates 17 formed into three-dimensional curved surfaces, and molded using a predetermined molding pressure.

In order to form various three-dimensional curved surfaces, adjust the punches 3 and 4 by setting appropriate coordinates, bend and form the dummy plate 17 and the thick steel plate 18 together during the second forming, and then The dummy plates 17 are each welded and fixed to the guide plate 8°9 of the press frame to form a universal mold for processing blades forming three-dimensional curved surfaces.

The runner vane 11 of the pump water turbine 10 etc. formed in this manner is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. Since the runner vane is large, it is divided into three parts as shown in FIG. 6, and welded after forming.

According to this embodiment, there are the following effects.

(1) In processing vanes with various three-dimensional shapes, mainly runner vanes of pump water turbines, etc., various curved surface shapes can be handled with a stand mold, without making molds with different curved surface shapes.

(2) By adjusting the punch ball head with a square screw, highly accurate machining is possible with a simple mechanism.

(3) Processing steps can be shortened and material costs can be changed from monolithic casting to steel sheets, resulting in a significant reduction and contributing to total cost reduction.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, it is effective for processing three-dimensional curved surfaces of various types of blades and flat plates having three-dimensional curved surfaces.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a universal mold according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view taken along the line nn in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a side view taken in the direction shown in FIG. Fig. 4 is a state diagram in which a thick steel plate is set to be formed by a universal die, Fig. 5 is an overall view of a pump-turbine as a comparison of an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 6 is a diagram of the pump-turbine, etc. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a runner vane. 1...Upper frame, 2...Lower frame, 3...
・Upper mold Fig. 2 Fig. 3 [Opening AJ J] Fig. 6

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a mold for manufacturing a blade having a three-dimensional shape mainly by hot forming, a large number of punches housed in the mold form a multi-point array, so that a large number of punches are arranged. A universal mold that is characterized by: 2. The punches are arranged in large numbers and form a multi-point array,
The universal mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the mold has a structure that can be adjusted using a square threaded screw in order to form an arbitrary three-dimensional curved surface. 3. The punch arranged to form a multi-point array inside the universal mold which is the upper mold is provided with a T-shaped protrusion at the bottom of the punch and fitted into an inverted T-shaped groove at the bottom of the mold.
The universal mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the punch is prevented from falling due to its own weight by being rotated. 4. For forming a three-dimensional curved surface, adjust the punches arranged in a series of points inside the mold to the coordinates of each series of points corresponding to the three-dimensional curved surface to form a curved surface.
A dummy plate is sandwiched between the top and bottom of a thick steel plate that is to be bent into an arbitrary curved surface, and heated and bent into an arbitrary curved surface.After cooling, this dummy plate is placed between the upper and lower dies. Claim 1, characterized in that the steel plate to be bent is sandwiched between the dummy plates, which are welded to the frame and is formed into an arbitrary curved surface, from the second time onwards, and formed using a hydraulic press or the like. Universal mold as described.