JPH02120581A - Four-way valve for refrigerating cycle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the reliability in switching operation by moving a holder forming a tunnel formed passage storing sliders for sealing valve seats by contact on both ends in the axial direction of a cylinder by means of a solenoid, thereby forming passages such as to be switched. CONSTITUTION:A holder 26 forming a tunnel-formed passage by storing sliders 22, 23 for sealing both valve seats 16e, 16d by contact on both ends is moved in the axial direction of a cylinder 16 by a solenoid, so that guide parts 16f, 16g communicated respectively with an inlet 16e or an outlet 16a are selected, thereby switching refrigerating passages. As a result, even if the high and low pressure difference of a system is applied to the inside and the outside of the tunnel-formed passage formed of a pair of sliders 22, 23 and the holder 26, the operating resistance (friction coefficient X action force) of slide seat rings 24, 25 provided at the tips of the sliders 22, 23 is small because the pressure receiving faces of the sliderss 22, 23 can be constructed minutely, so that the switching force required for the movement in the axial direction of the cylinder 16 is largely decreased.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle, and particularly to a four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle used for switching between cooling and heating in a heat pump type air conditioner.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, the demand for four-way valves for refrigeration cycles has increased rapidly as air conditioners have become more and more popular as heat pumps, and demands for lower costs, improved reliability, and smaller sizes have become stronger.

As a conventional technique, there is a four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 35-12689, for example.

An example of the conventional four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle described above will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a conventional four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle, and FIG. 7 is a side view of the conventional four-way valve.

1 is a sealed cylindrical valve body, and 2 and 3 are a discharge pipe and a suction pipe connected to a compressor 101 connected in opposite directions on both sides of the valve body. Reference numerals 4 and 6 indicate first and second conduit pipes provided on both sides of the suction pipe 3. This first conduit 4 is an indoor heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as an indoor unit) 102
The second conduit 5 is connected to an outdoor heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as an outdoor unit) 103. The above four connecting pipes 2゜3
．． 4.5 each open into the valve body 1, and when they are arranged side by side, the open ends of the connecting pipes 2 and 4.5 are fixed to the valve body 1 with a seat 6 flush with the axial direction of the valve body 1. . Reference numeral 7 denotes a sliding valve that is located inside the valve body 1 and slides in the axial direction on the seat 6 surface, and connects the suction pipe 3 and the first conduit 4, or the suction pipe 3 and the second conduit 5. Concave surface 7a for selective communication
have. 8.9 is a connecting plate 1o on both sides of the sliding valve.
This is a piston body having micro holes 8a and 9a connected to each other. Reference numerals 11 and 12 are lids that seal the end surfaces of the valve body 1. Reference numeral 13.14 denotes a bleed pipe that opens into the spaces R1 and R2 between the lids 11 and 12, and selectively communicates with the suction pipe 3 by energizing the electromagnetic pilot valve 15 to introduce low-pressure gas. It is.

The operation of the four-way valve for the refrigeration cycle constructed as above will be explained.

Bleed pipe 1 is activated by energizing the electromagnetic pilot pal 1160.
3. Space R1 or space R2 and suction pipe 3 via 14
The micro holes 8a of the piston bodies 8 and 9 selectively communicate with each other to reduce the pressure in the space.

By introducing the pressure on the discharge side in the valve body 1 into the space on the opposite side through 9a and making it high pressure, the sliding valve 7 connected to the piston bodies 8 and 9 is moved by the difference in high and low pressures in the rain space, The high-pressure refrigerant introduced from the discharge pipe 2 is communicated with the second conduit 6 to heat the room using the indoor unit 102 as a condenser, or the high-pressure refrigerant is communicated with the first conduit 4 to heat the indoor unit 102.
The indoor unit is cooled by using 03 as a condenser and the indoor unit 102 as an evaporator.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above configuration, pressure is converted between high and low pressure by operating the electromagnetic pilot valve 15, and the valve is switched based on the pressure difference, so the pilot valve itself is indispensable. However, the cost was very high and the structure was complicated. Also, electromagnetic pilot valve 1
6 and the valve body 1 are connected by air bleed pipes 13 and 14, there are many connection points, resulting in high costs and the risk of gas leakage. In addition, since the operation of the valve is switched depending on the pressure difference, it cannot operate in a state where there is no pressure difference.Since a certain pressure difference is required, switching cannot be performed unless the air conditioner etc. This has caused a problem of driving loss.

In addition, the suction pipe 3 is connected to the first conduit 4 or the second conduit 6.
Since the low pressure side flow path to the inside of the slide valve 7 changes direction by 180 degrees, pressure loss is large and the efficiency of the system is impaired.

Moreover, in order to connect to the compressor of the air conditioner, the discharge v2
The valve has to be turned 180 degrees, and the distance between the discharge pipe 2 and the suction side 3 becomes large, resulting in a large volume as a four-way valve, which has the disadvantage of increasing the installation volume to the air conditioner. was.

In view of the above problems, the present invention simplifies the structure, improves assembly workability, reduces costs, reduces pressure loss, increases system efficiency, improves reliability of switching operation, and reduces volume. This is a four-way valve for refrigeration cycles that contributes to the miniaturization of air conditioners.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle of the present invention includes a first valve seat having an inlet port and a second valve seat having two inlets on the inner surface of the cylinder forming the valve body. Two valve seats are provided parallel to each other, and at least one of the first side surface and the second side surface sandwiched between the two valve seats is connected to the second valve seat at an obtuse angle. one side wall, and a second side wall that has one end connected to the first side wall and the other end connected to the first valve seat at an obtuse angle, and the inner surface of the first side wall is a flat surface. An elongated discharge port extending in the axial direction of the cylinder is provided in a position close to the second side wall formed in the shape, and a tunnel-like flow path is configured by housing sliders at both ends that abut and seal against the valve seat. By moving a holder in the axial direction of the cylinder using a solenoid, the refrigerant passages are switched by selecting the inlet ports communicating with the suction port or the discharge port, respectively.

Effect: The present invention has the above-described configuration, so that even if a high-low pressure difference in the system is applied to the inside and outside of the tunnel-like flow path constituted by a pair of slide valves and a slider, the pressure receiving surface of the slide valve can be configured to be minute. The operating resistance (friction coefficient x acting force) is small, and the switching force required to move the cylinder in the axial direction can be significantly reduced. In addition, the discharge port has an elliptical shape that is long in the axial direction of the cylinder, forms an obtuse angle with the second valve seat having the suction port, and is close to the second side wall whose inner surface is formed into a planar shape, so that it has a tunnel-like shape. Regardless of the position of the flow path, the low-pressure side refrigerant that flows into the first or second inlet, especially the refrigerant that reflects on the first valve seat surface, smoothly flows out from the discharge port along the second side wall. pressure loss is small. Further, since the first side wall having the discharge port is connected to the second valve seat having the first or second inlet at an obtuse angle,
The distance between the first connection pipe connected to the first inlet or the second connection pipe connected to the second inlet and the discharge pipe connected to the discharge port can be reduced, and the volume of the four-way valve can be reduced. realizable.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, a four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle according to an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that since the cooling system has the same configuration as the conventional one, the same reference numerals are given and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 are cross-sectional views of a four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle in an embodiment of the present invention when power is not supplied.

16 is a cylinder forming the valve body. Also, that-
A lid 18 is fitted and welded to the open end 16b. 1e
a and 1ed are first and second valve seats formed in the axial direction parallel to each other on the inner wall of the cylinder 16, and the first valve seat 18c is a discharge valve connected to the discharge side of the compressor. A suction port 16e from the pipe 19 is open. Further, the second valve seat 16d includes an outdoor heat exchanger that functions reversibly as a condenser or an evaporator, respectively.
First and second connection pipes 2 connected to the indoor heat exchanger
The first and second inlets 15e and 16f are opened with a diameter of 0.21 mm.
is opened in a straight line in the axial direction of the cylinder 1e. The cylinder 16 has a first side surface 16h and a second side surface 16i, and the first side surface 16h is connected to the second valve seat 1ed at an obtuse angle.
and a second side wall 16k whose one end surface is connected to the first side wall 16j, the opposite end surface is connected to the first valve seat 18c at an obtuse angle, and whose inner surface has a planar shape. A discharge port 16a to a suction vibrator 17 connected to the suction side of the compressor is opened at a position of the first side wall 16j close to the second side wall 16k. The discharge port 18a has an elongated oval shape in the cylinder axial direction, and the connecting end 17a of the suction pipe 17 to the cylinder 16-\ is expanded into a tapered shape. 22.2
3 is the valve seat 18c.

For example, P with excellent sliding properties that contacts and seals 1ed.
Slide seat rings 24 and 25 made of fluororesin such as TFE (tetrafluoroethylene resin) are housed in circular grooves 22a and 23a at one end, and both groove walls 22b and 220
, 23b, 230 are deformed toward the groove side, and the slide seat rings 24, 25 are fixed by caulking. 2θ is a holder that accommodates the sliders 22 and 23 at both ends to form a tunnel-like flow path. 27 is inside the holder 26 and is interposed between the sliders 22 and 23 to urge the pair of sliders 22 and 23 against the valve seats 1ec and 1ed of the cylinder 16, and to push the slide seat rings 24 and 26. This is a spring that presses against the valve seats 1ea and 1ad to seal the inside and outside. Reference numerals 28 and 29 denote V-shaped seal rings that are housed in the recessed portions at the center of the outer periphery of the sliders 22 and 23 and seal between the holders 26. Reference numeral 30 denotes an electromagnetic solenoid 3 connected to the holder 26 and protruding from the opening side of the cylinder 1e.
1 plunger. At the center of the plunger 30, a fluid 30a is formed in which fluid such as gas oil moves as the plunger 30 moves. Reference numeral 32 denotes a cylinder made of a non-magnetic material that covers the outer periphery of the plunger 3o on the outside of the cylinder 16, and the opening of the cylinder 16 is covered by a lid 33 provided with the cylinder 32.

34a, 341) are fixed iron cores fixed to the open end 32a of the cylinder 32; 34C is an alnico magnet. A return spring 36 is interposed between the plunger 30 and the fixed iron core 34a. Reference numeral 36 denotes an electromagnetic coil fixedly attached to the outside of the cylinder 32, and the holder 26 slides in the cylinder 16 in the axial direction by controlling the supply of electricity to the electromagnetic coil 3e.

Sliders 22゜2 housed at both ends of the holder 26
Slide seat ring fixed at the end of 3 24°26
The position is such that the suction port 16e and the first inlet 1ef are communicated with each other in the first position of the holder 26 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 (the electromagnetic coil 36 is not energized), and the plunger 3o and At the second position (FIG. 5) where the holder 26 is sucked, the suction port 16e and the second guide port 1
It is designed to communicate 6g.

The operation of the four-way valve for the refrigeration cycle constructed as described above will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. 1st
3 shows the state when the electromagnetic coil 36 is not energized, and the plunger 3o is urged downward in the figure by the action of the return spring 36, and the holder 2e comes into contact with the lid 18 and stops. As a result, the suction port 16e and the first inlet port 16f are communicated with each other through the tunnel-like channel formed by the holder 26 and the sliders 22 and 23 housed at both ends thereof, and the discharge port 16a and the second inlet port 16f are communicated with each other. The inlet 16g is also communicated through the inside of the cylinder 16. Therefore, the refrigerant gas goes through the compressor→discharge vibrator 19→first connection pipe 20→outdoor coil→expansion valve→indoor coil→second connection pipe 21→suction pipe 17→compressor cooling cycle circuit.

Next, when the electromagnetic coil 36 is energized, the plunger 3o
is attracted to the fixed iron core 34, comes into contact with it, and stops. As a result, the holder 26 and the sliders 22 .
'23 The tunnel-like flow path formed by the inlet 1
6e and the second inlet 16g are communicated with each other, and the discharge port 1
6a and the first inlet 16f are also communicated through the interior of the cylinder 16.

Therefore, the refrigerant gas goes through the compressor→discharge pipe 19→second connecting vibe 21→indoor coil→expansion valve→outdoor coil→first connecting pipe 20→suction pipe 17→compressor heating cycle circuit.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the first valve seat 16C having the suction port 168 on the inner surface of the cylinder 16 forming the valve body and the second valve seat 16d having the two inlets 1af and 1ag are mutually connected. Both valve seats 16c are provided in parallel.

A first side surface 16h and a second side surface 15i sandwiched between 1sd
Among them, the first side surface 1sh is the second valve seat 16d.
a first side wall 16j connected to the first valve seat 16c at an obtuse angle; one end surface connected to the first side wall 16j; the opposite end surface connected to the first valve seat 16c at an obtuse angle; and the inner surface has a planar shape. formed from a second side wall 1ek, and provided with an elongated oval discharge port 16a in the axial direction of the cylinder 16 at a position close to the second side wall 1ek of the first side wall 16j,
By moving the holder 26 in the axial direction of the cylinder 16 by means of the solenoid 31, the holder 26, which constitutes a tunnel-like flow path by housing sliders 22, 23 that contact and seal against the valve seats 1as and 1ad, is moved in the axial direction of the cylinder 16 by the solenoid 31.
Alternatively, the inlets 16f and 1 communicate with the discharge port 16a, respectively.
By selecting 6g and configuring the refrigerant passage to be switched, the pressure receiving surface of the slider 22.23 is maintained even if a difference in pressure between high and low levels of the system is applied to the inside and outside of the tunnel-shaped flow path formed by the pair of sliders 22.23 and holder 26. The operating resistance of the slide seat ring 24.26 provided at the tip of the slider 22.23 (friction coefficient x acting force) can be made very small.
is small, and the switching force required to move the cylinder 16 in the axial direction can be significantly reduced.

In addition, a second valve seat has a discharge port 18a that is elongated in the axial direction of the cylinder 16, and has an inlet port 18e.
Since it forms an obtuse angle with 16d and is close to the second side wall 1ek whose inner surface is formed into a planar shape, it is close to the first inlet 16f or the second inlet 16g regardless of the position of the tunnel-like channel. Particularly, the inflowing low-pressure side refrigerant is reflected by the first valve seat 16c, and the refrigerant is reflected by the second side wall 1.
Pressure loss is small because it flows out smoothly from the discharge port along ek.

Further, since the first side wall j61 having the discharge port 18a is connected to the second valve seat 16d having the first or second inlet 1se, 1ef at an obtuse angle, it is connected to the first inlet 1ef. A second inlet 16g and a discharge port 16 connected to the first connecting pipe 20 or the second connecting pipe 21
Since the distance from the discharge pipe 19 connected to a can be reduced, the volume of the four-way valve can be reduced.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention provides a first valve seat having an inlet and a second valve seat having two inlets in parallel to each other on the inner surface of a cylinder forming a valve body, and
A first side wall that connects at least one of the first side surface or the second side surface that is sandwiched between the two valve seats at an obtuse angle with the second valve seat, and one end that connects to the first side wall. and the other end is connected to a second side wall that connects with the first valve seat at an obtuse angle, and is compressed to a position close to the second side wall where the inner surface of the first side wall is formed into a planar shape. A holder is connected to the suction side of the machine and has a long oval discharge port in the axial direction of the cylinder, and a slider that contacts the valve seat is housed at both ends to form a tunnel-like flow path. By moving in the axial direction, the refrigerant path is switched by selecting the inlet that communicates with the suction port or the discharge port, thereby reducing the pressure difference between the high and low pressures of the system in the form of a tunnel formed by a pair of sliders and a holder. The operating resistance (friction coefficient x acting force) of the slide seat ring provided at the tip of the slider allows the pressure receiving surface of the slider to be configured to be minute even if it is applied inside or outside the flow path.
is small, and the switching force required to move the cylinder in the axial direction can be significantly reduced, making it possible to switch valves without using a pilot valve as in the past, significantly reducing costs.

Miniaturization 1. Improved operational reliability.

Furthermore, the discharge port has an oval shape that is long in the axial direction of the cylinder,
Since it is close to the second side wall that forms an obtuse angle with the second valve seat having the suction port and has a planar inner surface, it is possible that the flow from the first or second inlet regardless of the position of the tunnel-like flow path. The inflowing low-pressure side refrigerant, especially the refrigerant that is reflected by the first valve seat surface, is smoothly flowed out from the discharge port along the second side wall, so that the pressure loss is small and the efficiency of the system can be improved. Furthermore, the first side wall having the discharge port is connected at an obtuse angle to the second valve seat having the first or second inlet, so that the first connecting pipe or The distance between the second connecting pipe connected to the second inlet and the discharge pipe connected to the discharge port can be reduced, and the volume of the four-way valve can be reduced, and the air conditioner can be downsized.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the cooling state of a four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle in an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view in the x-f direction of FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the heating state of FIG. 1, and FIG. The sectional view and FIG. 7 are side views of a conventional four-way valve for a refrigeration cycle. 16...Cylinder, 16a...Discharge port, 16a. 16d...1st, g2 valve sea), 18e
...Intake port, 1ef, 1eg...First, second inlet, 16h...First side, 161
...Second side wall, 16j...First side wall, 1sk...Second side wall, 22.23...
...Slider, 2e...Holder, 31...
··solenoid. Paddy - Oni's barula sheet? 2.2.3--Sly 9 26-Holder 16-Cylinder 9 1 item...Nanaguchi 11i, IIJ-...Oh, Mani's Balla Diagram/6-1~! Product --- 1&, 1~-- /& --- u-- /lh, IAi --- 16j, D-m- 22, 23-- Cylinder oj: Outlet O/Oni's ball seat, inlet O's width Roo Oni's surface measurement Oh Oni's 11PI pitch line

Claims (1)

[Claims] A first valve seat having an inlet connected to the discharge side of the compressor, a first inlet connected to an outdoor heat exchanger, and a second inlet connected to an indoor heat exchanger. The valve body has second valve seats arranged in parallel in the axial direction and is formed parallel to the inner surface, and has a discharge port connected to the suction side of the compressor, etc. on the side surface sandwiched between the two valve seats. a cylinder to be formed, and a cylinder that slides inside the cylinder to connect the discharge port and the first guide port, the suction port and the second guide port, or the discharge port and the second guide port, and the suction port and the first guide port. a holder that configures a tunnel-like flow path by housing sliders at both ends to switch and communicate the inlet of the cylinder, and a solenoid that reciprocates the holder, the side surface of the cylinder sandwiched between the valve seats is a first side wall connected to the valve seat at an obtuse angle; and a second side wall connected at one end to the first side wall and at the other end connected to the first valve seat at an obtuse angle, Further, the refrigeration cycle is characterized in that the discharge port has an elongated oval shape in the axial direction of the cylinder and is located close to the second side wall, and the inner surface of the second side wall is planar. Four-way valve.