JPH02173310A - Remover of particle in exhaust gas - Google Patents
Remover of particle in exhaust gasInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02173310A JPH02173310A JP63325584A JP32558488A JPH02173310A JP H02173310 A JPH02173310 A JP H02173310A JP 63325584 A JP63325584 A JP 63325584A JP 32558488 A JP32558488 A JP 32558488A JP H02173310 A JPH02173310 A JP H02173310A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- filter
- particles
- ceramic heater
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 48
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Landscapes
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は排ガス中の粒子除去装置に係り、特にディーゼ
ル機関から排出される排ガス中に含まれる炭素粒子等の
未燃粒子を効率よく捕集するとともに、捕集した未燃粒
子を燃焼消失させて粒子捕集機能を再生することができ
るフィルタ式の排ガス中の粒子除去装置に関するもので
ある。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a device for removing particles in exhaust gas, and in particular, to efficiently collect unburned particles such as carbon particles contained in exhaust gas discharged from a diesel engine. The present invention also relates to a filter-type particle removal device from exhaust gas that can regenerate the particle collection function by burning and extinguishing the collected unburned particles.
ディーゼル機関から排出される排気ガス等の燃焼排ガス
に含まれる未燃粒子を捕集、除去する排ガス中の粒子除
去装置に使用されるフィルタには粒子捕集性、通気性お
よび耐熱性が要求され、般に多孔質構造のセラミックス
製フオームフィルタや多孔質構造のセラミックスハニカ
ムフィルタが用いられる。しかし、フィルタを用いた粒
子除去装置では、長時間の使用により捕集粒子量が増加
して目詰まりが生じ、フィルタの通気性が低下する原因
となっている。Filters used in exhaust gas particle removal devices that collect and remove unburned particles contained in combustion exhaust gas such as exhaust gas emitted from diesel engines are required to have particle-collecting properties, air permeability, and heat resistance. Generally, a ceramic foam filter with a porous structure or a ceramic honeycomb filter with a porous structure is used. However, in a particle removal device using a filter, when used for a long time, the amount of collected particles increases and clogging occurs, which causes a decrease in the air permeability of the filter.
そこで正常な通気性を維持しつつ、効率よく未燃粒子を
除去するために、フィルタに捕集された粒子を連続的ま
たは断続的に燃焼消失さ・Ｕてフィルタ機能を再生する
工夫がなされている。このようなフィルタ機能を再生す
る徘ガス中の粒子除去装置としては、フィルタの」二液
側端部にヒータニレメン１−を設け、該ヒータエレメン
ト近傍の捕集粒子を着火燃焼させることにより、捕集粒
子の自己火炎伝播によって全捕集粒子をフィルタの上流
側から下流側へと燃焼消失させるものが知られ”ζいる
。Therefore, in order to efficiently remove unburned particles while maintaining normal air permeability, a device has been devised to continuously or intermittently burn off the particles collected in the filter and regenerate the filter function. There is. A device for removing particles in wandering gas that regenerates the filter function is equipped with a heater element 1- at the end of the filter on the two-liquid side, and ignites and burns the collected particles near the heater element. There is a known filter that burns and eliminates all collected particles from the upstream side of the filter to the downstream side by self-flame propagation of the particles.
第６図は、従来の排ガス中の粒子除去装置の断面図であ
る。この装置は、筒状ケーシング１１と、該筒状ケーシ
ング１１の排気カス入口１２側に設けられたヒータニレ
メンｌ−１４と、該ヒータエレメント１４の後流に順次
設けられた多孔質フオームフィルタＩ５およびハニカム
フィルタ１６とから主として構成されている。１３は排
気ガス出口である。排気ガス人口１２から導入された排
ガスは、ヒータエレメント１４に接触して昇温された後
、多孔質フオームフィルタ１５およびハニカムフィルタ
１６を通過して未燃粒子が除去される。FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a conventional exhaust gas particle removal device. This device includes a cylindrical casing 11, a heater element l-14 provided on the exhaust gas inlet 12 side of the cylindrical casing 11, a porous foam filter I5 and a honeycomb provided successively downstream of the heater element 14. It mainly consists of a filter 16. 13 is an exhaust gas outlet. The exhaust gas introduced from the exhaust gas port 12 contacts the heater element 14 and is heated, and then passes through the porous foam filter 15 and the honeycomb filter 16 to remove unburned particles.
多孔質フオームフィルタ１５またはハニカムフィルタ１
６に捕集された未燃粒子は、ヒータエレメント１４によ
り加熱されて燃焼、消失し、フィルタ機能が再生される
。Porous foam filter 15 or honeycomb filter 1
The unburned particles collected by the filter 6 are heated by the heater element 14, burnt and disappear, and the filter function is regenerated.
〔発明が解決しようとする課題］
」二記した排ガス中の粒子除去装置は、ヒータニレメン
ｊ・の近傍に多くの粒子を捕集してフィルタ再生時の捕
集粒子への着火を安定させるために、粒子捕集率の高い
多孔質フオームフィルタをヒータエレメントに近接して
配置し、その後流にハニカムフィルタを配置させたもの
である。しかしながら、排ガス中の未燃粒子がフィルタ
のどの部分で捕集されるかは、フィルタの口径、捕集粒
子の径、フィルタ内を流れる排ガスの流速等によって決
まり、未燃粒子は必ずしも多孔質フオームフィルタのヒ
ータエレメントの近傍に捕集されるものではなく、後流
のハニカムフィルタにも捕集される。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The device for removing particles from exhaust gas described in 2. collects many particles in the vicinity of the heater element and stabilizes the ignition of the collected particles during filter regeneration. , a porous foam filter with a high particle collection rate is placed close to the heater element, and a honeycomb filter is placed downstream of it. However, in which part of the filter the unburned particles in the exhaust gas are collected is determined by the diameter of the filter, the diameter of the collected particles, the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing through the filter, etc. It is not collected near the heater element of the filter, but is also collected on the downstream honeycomb filter.
一方、ヒータエレメントにより着火された未燃粒子の燃
焼による火炎伝播は、フィルタ内を完全に下流側端部ま
で進むことは困難であり、上記従来技術では燃焼ガス温
度の低下により途中で失火し易く、フィルタの下流側端
部の捕集粒子が焼失されずに残り、目詰まりが発生し易
いという欠点がある。また捕集粒子の着火燃焼温度は、
フィルタの構造よりも粒子自体の性状に大きく依存する
ものであるが、後流部に捕集された粒子までも完全に燃
焼消失させようとすると、ヒータエレメントの発熱量を
必要以上に大きくしなければならず、消費電力が大幅に
増大するという欠点がある。On the other hand, it is difficult for the flame propagation due to the combustion of unburned particles ignited by the heater element to travel completely through the filter to the downstream end, and in the above conventional technology, misfires tend to occur midway due to a decrease in combustion gas temperature. However, there is a drawback that the collected particles at the downstream end of the filter remain without being burned away, and clogging is likely to occur. In addition, the ignition combustion temperature of the collected particles is
This depends more on the properties of the particles themselves than on the structure of the filter, but in order to completely burn and eliminate particles collected in the wake, the amount of heat generated by the heater element must be increased more than necessary. However, the disadvantage is that power consumption increases significantly.
本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の問題点を解決し、排ガ
ス中の未燃粒子を効率よく捕集し、この捕集粒子を少な
い消費電力で、しかも低温燃焼させることによりフィル
タ機能を再生することができる排ガス中の粒子除去装置
を提供することにある。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, to efficiently collect unburned particles in exhaust gas, and to regenerate the filter function by burning the collected particles at a low temperature and with less power consumption. An object of the present invention is to provide a device for removing particles from exhaust gas.
（課題を解決するための手段〕
」二記目的を達成するため本発明は、排ガスの入口およ
び出口を有する筒状容器と、該筒状容器内の排ガス入口
側に設けられたセラミックヒータと、該セラミックヒー
タの後流に配置された多孔質フオームフィルタおよび触
媒担持フィルタを有することを特徴とする。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the second object, the present invention provides a cylindrical container having an inlet and an outlet for exhaust gas, a ceramic heater provided on the exhaust gas inlet side of the cylindrical container, It is characterized by having a porous foam filter and a catalyst-supported filter arranged downstream of the ceramic heater.
すなわち、本発明は、排ガス流れ方向断面の全面にほぼ
均一に発熱体を有するヒータエレメントを筒状容器の排
ガス入口側に配置し、該ヒータエレメントの後流に隣接
して多孔質セラミックフオームフィルタおよび触媒担持
フィルタを配置し、前記ヒータエレメントの熱を均一伝
播させて捕集粒子を燃焼させるとともに、触媒担持フィ
ルタの触媒作用により低温、かつ完全燃焼を図り、フィ
ルタ機能の再生効率を向」ニさせるものである。That is, in the present invention, a heater element having a heating element substantially uniformly over the entire cross section in the exhaust gas flow direction is arranged on the exhaust gas inlet side of a cylindrical container, and a porous ceramic foam filter and a porous ceramic foam filter are arranged adjacent to the downstream side of the heater element. A catalyst-supported filter is arranged, and the heat of the heater element is uniformly propagated to burn the collected particles, and the catalytic action of the catalyst-supported filter achieves low-temperature and complete combustion, thereby improving the regeneration efficiency of the filter function. It is something.
〔作用］
粒子除去装置のフィルタの前流にセラミックヒータを配
置し、該セラミックヒータに隣接して多孔質フオームフ
ィルタおよび触媒担持フィルタを設けたことにより、前
記セラミックヒータの熱が直接多孔質フィルタに伝導さ
れ、多孔質フメームフィルタの排ガスの流れ方向に直交
する断面が均一に加熱され、該多孔質フオームフィルタ
に捕集された粒子が均一に着火燃焼する。この燃焼帯は
順次下流へ移動し、これに伴ってその温度は低下するが
、触媒担持フィルタに担持された酸化触媒により、捕集
粒子の燃焼が促進されるので、失火することなく全ての
捕集粒子が比較的低温で燃焼除去されフィルタ機能が再
生される。[Function] By arranging a ceramic heater upstream of the filter of the particle removal device, and providing a porous foam filter and a catalyst-carrying filter adjacent to the ceramic heater, the heat of the ceramic heater is directly applied to the porous filter. The cross section of the porous foam filter perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas is heated uniformly, and the particles collected in the porous foam filter are uniformly ignited and burned. This combustion zone sequentially moves downstream, and its temperature decreases accordingly, but the oxidation catalyst supported on the catalyst-supported filter promotes the combustion of the collected particles, so all the trapped particles are removed without misfire. The collected particles are burned off at a relatively low temperature and the filter function is regenerated.
本発明のセラミックヒータとしては、昇温によるヒータ
発熱体の漏電量の増大に対しても、完全に絶縁できるセ
ラミック材質の保護管を有するヒータまたはセラミック
コーティングヒータが用いられるが、セラミック中にヒ
ータを埋め込んだコーティング層の厚いセラミックヒー
タが最も好ましい。なお、発熱体としてはタングステン
またはモリブデン等の抵抗発熱線材が用いられる。As the ceramic heater of the present invention, a heater having a protective tube made of a ceramic material or a ceramic coated heater that can be completely insulated against an increase in the amount of current leakage of the heater heating element due to temperature rise is used. Ceramic heaters with thick embedded coating layers are most preferred. Note that a resistance heating wire material such as tungsten or molybdenum is used as the heating element.
本発明においてセラミックヒータは、主としてヒータ熱
の均−伝播器として機能し、粒子捕集容量や粒子捕集容
量はあまり問われないので、そのセラミックスの口径は
後流の多孔質フオームフィルタや触媒担持フィルタのそ
れより大きくてよく、その厚さは発熱体を被覆するに充
分であればよい。In the present invention, the ceramic heater mainly functions as a heat spreader for the heater heat, and particle collection capacity and particle collection capacity are not so important. It may be larger than that of the filter, and its thickness may be sufficient to cover the heating element.
多孔質フオームフィルタは、耐熱性多孔質三次元網目構
造を有するセラミックスからなるもので、前記セラミッ
クヒータよりもその厚さが厚く、充分な粒子捕集容量を
有し、かつ高い粒子捕集率を有する。The porous foam filter is made of ceramics with a heat-resistant porous three-dimensional network structure, is thicker than the ceramic heater, has sufficient particle collection capacity, and has a high particle collection rate. have
触媒担持フィルタは、耐熱性多孔質三次元網目構造のセ
ラミックスに触媒成分を担持させたもので、充分な粒子
捕集容量を有し高い粒子捕集率を有するとともに、捕集
粒子の低温燃焼を可能とするものである。すなわち、火
炎が伝播することにより排ガス温度が徐々に低下しても
、触媒作用により捕集粒子の燃焼を持続させ、全ての捕
集粒子を燃焼消失させるものである。Catalyst-supported filters have a catalyst component supported on heat-resistant porous three-dimensional network structure ceramics, and have sufficient particle collection capacity and high particle collection rate, as well as low-temperature combustion of collected particles. It is possible. That is, even if the exhaust gas temperature gradually decreases due to the propagation of the flame, the combustion of the collected particles is continued by the catalytic action, and all the collected particles are burned out.
触媒担持フィルタに担持される触媒成分としては、主と
して酸化作用を有する貴金属があげられ、白金、パラジ
ウム、銅、コバルト、鉄、ニッケル、マンガン、セリウ
ム等の１種または２種以上が用いられる。The catalyst component supported on the catalyst-supported filter mainly includes noble metals having an oxidizing effect, and one or more of platinum, palladium, copper, cobalt, iron, nickel, manganese, cerium, etc. are used.
多孔質フオームフィルタと触媒担持フィルタの口径は同
一でもよいが、触媒担持フィルタは、触媒の担持により
その口径が若干狭くなるので、予め若干大きめの口径を
有するセラミックスを用いることが好ましい。また多孔
質フオームフィルタと触媒担持フィルタの長さ、すなわ
ち容器内の排ガス流れ方向に見たフィルタの厚さは、粒
子除去率および入口出口間の圧損により決定される。The diameters of the porous foam filter and the catalyst-supported filter may be the same, but since the diameter of the catalyst-supported filter becomes slightly narrower due to the catalyst supported, it is preferable to use ceramics having a slightly larger diameter in advance. Furthermore, the length of the porous foam filter and the catalyst-supported filter, ie, the thickness of the filter as viewed in the direction of exhaust gas flow within the container, is determined by the particle removal rate and the pressure drop between the inlet and outlet.
本発明は、フィルタの一部を触媒担持フィルタで構成し
、他は多孔質フオームフィルタで構成する。全てのフィ
ルタを触媒担持フィルタとすると必要以上に高価なもの
となり、不経済である。In the present invention, a part of the filter is made up of a catalyst-supported filter, and the other part is made up of a porous foam filter. If all filters were catalyst-supported filters, they would be unnecessarily expensive and uneconomical.
次に、本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明する。 Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.
第１図は、本発明の排ガス中の粒子除去装置の一実施例
を示すガス流れ方向に平行な断面図である。図において
この装置は、セラミックヒータの後流に順次多孔質フオ
ームフィルタおよび触媒担持フィルタを配置させたもの
であり、排ガスの入口５および出口６を有する筒状の容
器１と、該筒状容器１の排ガスの入口５側に配置された
、比較的薄い円板状のセラミックヒータ２と、該セラミ
ックヒータ２の後流に配置された比較的層厚が厚い多孔
質フオームフィルタ３と、その後流に配置された触媒担
持フィルタ４とから主として構成されており、前記セラ
ミックヒータ２の下流側端面と、多孔質フオームフィル
タ３の上流側端面が、また多孔質フオームフィルタ３の
下流側端面と触媒担持フィルタ４の上流側端面とが、ガ
ス流れ方向に直交する面で各々全面にわたって接触して
いる。FIG. 1 is a sectional view parallel to the gas flow direction showing an embodiment of the apparatus for removing particles in exhaust gas according to the present invention. In the figure, this device has a porous foam filter and a catalyst-supported filter arranged in sequence downstream of a ceramic heater, and includes a cylindrical container 1 having an inlet 5 and an outlet 6 for exhaust gas; A relatively thin disc-shaped ceramic heater 2 is placed on the exhaust gas inlet 5 side of the ceramic heater 2, a relatively thick porous foam filter 3 is placed downstream of the ceramic heater 2, and a porous foam filter 3 with a relatively thick layer is placed downstream of the ceramic heater 2. The downstream end face of the ceramic heater 2 and the upstream end face of the porous foam filter 3 are arranged, and the downstream end face of the porous foam filter 3 and the catalyst supported filter are arranged. 4 are in contact with each other over the entire surface on a surface perpendicular to the gas flow direction.
第２回は、第１図のセラミックヒータ２のガス流れ方向
に直交する断面図、第３図は、第２図の■−■線矢視方
向断面図、第４図は、第２図の部分拡大図である。この
セラミックヒータば、セラミックス粉体中に、断面が円
形コイル状で、かつその両端部にリード線が接続された
発熱線を波紋状に屈曲して埋設し、断面円形状に焼結成
形されたものである。この焼結成形体は、後流の多孔質
フオームフィルタおよび触媒担持フィルタと同様に、三
次元網目構造のフオーム型である。The second section is a cross-sectional view of the ceramic heater 2 in FIG. 1 perpendicular to the gas flow direction, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. It is a partially enlarged view. In this ceramic heater, a heating wire having a circular coil cross section and lead wires connected to both ends is bent into a ripple shape and buried in ceramic powder, and then sintered and formed into a circular cross section. It is something. This sintered compact, like the downstream porous foam filter and catalyst-supported filter, is of the foam type with a three-dimensional network structure.
このような構成において、排ガス人口５から本装置に導
入された排ガスは、セラミックヒータ２を通過した後、
多孔質フオームフィルタ３および触媒担持フィルタ４を
順次通過し、未燃粒子が捕集、除去された後、排ガス出
口６から浄化排ガスとして装置外へ排出される。セラミ
ックヒータ２、多孔質フオームフィルタ３および触媒担
持フィルタ４に捕集された排ガス中の未燃粒子は、前記
セラミックヒータ２の発熱体８に通電することにより着
火し、燃焼除去される。すなわち、セラミックヒータ２
の発熱体８が発熱すると、該セラミックヒータ２に捕捉
された粒子が着火燃焼し、これと同時にセラミックヒー
タ２に隣接した多孔質フオームフィルタ３の上流側端面
に付着した粒子も着火燃焼する。この粒子の燃焼による
火炎伝播により、多孔質フオームフィルタ３に捕集され
た粒子が順次燃焼し、これにより生じた高温ガスは、該
多孔質フオームフィルタ３の下流方向へ向かって流れ、
温度を低下させながら後流の触媒担持フィルタ４に流入
する。触媒担持フィルタ４に捕集された粒子は、前記燃
焼ガスに昇温されるとともに、触媒の酸化作用を受＆−
１で比較的低温で燃焼して焼失する。In such a configuration, the exhaust gas introduced into the device from the exhaust gas population 5 passes through the ceramic heater 2, and then
After sequentially passing through a porous foam filter 3 and a catalyst-carrying filter 4 to collect and remove unburned particles, the gas is discharged from the exhaust gas outlet 6 as purified exhaust gas. Unburned particles in the exhaust gas collected by the ceramic heater 2, the porous foam filter 3, and the catalyst-carrying filter 4 are ignited by energizing the heating element 8 of the ceramic heater 2, and are burned and removed. That is, ceramic heater 2
When the heating element 8 generates heat, the particles captured by the ceramic heater 2 are ignited and burned, and at the same time, the particles attached to the upstream end face of the porous foam filter 3 adjacent to the ceramic heater 2 are also ignited and burned. Due to the flame propagation caused by the combustion of the particles, the particles collected in the porous foam filter 3 are sequentially combusted, and the resulting high-temperature gas flows toward the downstream direction of the porous foam filter 3.
It flows into the downstream catalyst-carrying filter 4 while lowering its temperature. The particles collected on the catalyst-carrying filter 4 are heated by the combustion gas and subjected to the oxidizing action of the catalyst.
1, it burns and burns out at a relatively low temperature.
本実施例によれば、セラミックヒータから多孔質フオー
ムフィルタへ、多孔質フＡ−−ムフィルタから触媒担持
フィルタへと、燃焼ガスが大きい温度低下を生じること
なく伝播されるので、ヒータエレメントの発熱量を過度
に増大させる必要がなく、捕集粒子を少ない消費電力で
低温燃焼させることができ、フィルタ機能を再生するこ
とができる。According to this embodiment, the combustion gas is propagated from the ceramic heater to the porous foam filter and from the porous foam filter to the catalyst-supported filter without causing a large temperature drop, so the amount of heat generated by the heater element is There is no need to increase the amount excessively, the collected particles can be burned at a low temperature with less power consumption, and the filter function can be regenerated.
本実施例において、触媒担持フィルタを多孔質フオーム
フィルタの中間部に配置させてもよい。In this embodiment, the catalyst-supported filter may be placed in the middle of the porous foam filter.
すなわち、多孔質フオームフィルタで触媒担持フィルタ
を挾み込んだ状態にしてもよい。これにより、例えば前
流の多孔質フオームフィルタ内の燃焼が不均一なっても
、触媒担持フィルタ部でその燃焼帯が再び均一になり、
燃焼帯はスムースに後流の多孔質フオームフィルタに移
動し、全捕集粒子を燃焼消失させることができる。That is, the catalyst supporting filter may be sandwiched between porous foam filters. As a result, even if combustion in the upstream porous foam filter becomes uneven, the combustion zone in the catalyst-carrying filter section becomes uniform again.
The combustion zone smoothly moves to the downstream porous foam filter, and all the collected particles can be burned out.
第５図は、本発明の別の実施例を示すガス流れ方向に平
行な断面図である。この装置は、触媒担持フィルタ４を
筒状容器１の内壁に沿って円筒状に配置し、その内側に
多孔質フオームフィルタの一部を挿入したものである。FIG. 5 is a sectional view parallel to the gas flow direction showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this device, a catalyst-supported filter 4 is arranged in a cylindrical shape along the inner wall of a cylindrical container 1, and a portion of a porous foam filter is inserted inside the filter.
本実施例によれば、冷却され易く、不均一・な燃焼が生
じ易い粒子除去装置のフィルタ外周部に触媒担持フィル
タを配置したことにより、外周部においても触媒作用に
よる燃焼が可能となり、全捕集粒子が均一に燃焼消失し
てフィルタ機能が再生される。According to this embodiment, by arranging the catalyst-carrying filter on the outer periphery of the filter of the particle removal device, which is easily cooled and tends to cause non-uniform combustion, combustion by catalytic action is possible also in the outer periphery, and all the particles are trapped. The collected particles are uniformly burned and disappeared, and the filter function is regenerated.
本実施例において、フィルタ中央部（軸部）は熱拡散が
少ない上、外周部における燃焼熱で加熱されるので、触
媒が担持されなくても均一な燃焼が可能となり、燃焼帯
はスムーズに下流側に移動するすることができる。In this example, the center part (shaft part) of the filter has little heat diffusion and is heated by the combustion heat at the outer periphery, so even if no catalyst is supported, uniform combustion is possible, and the combustion zone moves smoothly downstream. Can be moved to the side.
次に、本発明の具体的実施例を説明する。Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described.
実施例１
触媒担持フィルタとして５０ｍｍ厚のｐｔ担持フィルタ
を用いた第１図の装置により、発電用小型ディーゼル機
関の排ガス中の粒子の捕集およびフィルタ機能の再生を
繰返したところ、フィルタの通風圧力損失は初期値の１
００％まで回復した。Example 1 Using the device shown in Fig. 1, which uses a 50 mm thick PT filter as a catalyst-supported filter, the collection of particles in the exhaust gas of a small diesel engine for power generation and the regeneration of the filter function were repeated, and the ventilation pressure of the filter was reduced. The loss is the initial value of 1
It has recovered to 00%.
比較例１
触媒担持フィルタを用いず、単一の多孔質セラミックフ
オームフィルタを内蔵した粒子除去装置により、実施例
１と同様の試験を行なったところ、通風圧力損失は初期
値の７０％までしか回復しなかった。Comparative Example 1 When the same test as in Example 1 was conducted using a particle removal device equipped with a single porous ceramic foam filter without using a catalyst-supported filter, the ventilation pressure loss recovered to only 70% of the initial value. I didn't.
実施例２
触媒担持フィルタとしてｐｔ担持フィルタを用いた第５
図の装置により、実施例１と同様の試験を行なったとこ
ろ、通風圧力損失は初期値の１００％まで回復した。Example 2 Fifth example using a PT-supported filter as a catalyst-supported filter
When the same test as in Example 1 was conducted using the apparatus shown in the figure, the ventilation pressure loss recovered to 100% of the initial value.
本発明によれば、排ガス中の未燃粒子を高効率で捕集で
きる一部、捕集粒子を少ない電力で均一に燃焼消失させ
ることができるので、粒子除去装置のフィルタ機能を完
全にしかも経済的に再生することができる。According to the present invention, part of the unburned particles in the exhaust gas can be collected with high efficiency, and the collected particles can be uniformly burned and eliminated with a small amount of electric power, so that the filter function of the particle removal device can be completely fulfilled and economically. can be played back.
第１図は、本発明である排ガス中の粒子除去装置の一実
施例を示すガス流れ方向に平行な断面図、第２図は、第
１図のセラミックヒータ２のガス流れ方向に直角な断面
図、第３図は、第２図のＩＩＩｍ線矢視線間視方向断面
図図は、第２図の部分拡大図、第５図は、本発明の別の
実施例を示す断面図、第６図は、従来の排ガス中の粒子
除去装置の断面図である。
１・・・筒状容器、２・・・セラミックヒータ、３・・
・多孔質フオームフィルタ、４・・・触媒担持フィルタ
、５・・・排ガス入口、６・・・排ガス出口、７・・・
セラミックフオーム、８・・・発熱体、９・・・リード
線、１１・・・筒状ケーシング、１２・・・排気ガス人
口、１３・・・排気ガス出口、１４・・・ヒータエレメ
ント、１５・・・多孔質フオームフィルタ、１６・・・
ハニカムフィルタ。
出願人 ハブコック日立株式会社
代理人 弁理士 川 北 武 長FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view parallel to the gas flow direction showing an embodiment of the device for removing particles in exhaust gas according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the gas flow direction of the ceramic heater 2 shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of the arrow IIIm line in FIG. 2; FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2; FIG. The figure is a sectional view of a conventional device for removing particles in exhaust gas. 1... Cylindrical container, 2... Ceramic heater, 3...
- Porous foam filter, 4... Catalyst supported filter, 5... Exhaust gas inlet, 6... Exhaust gas outlet, 7...
Ceramic form, 8... Heating element, 9... Lead wire, 11... Cylindrical casing, 12... Exhaust gas population, 13... Exhaust gas outlet, 14... Heater element, 15... ...Porous foam filter, 16...
honeycomb filter. Applicant: Hubcock Hitachi Co., Ltd. Agent: Patent Attorney Takeshi Kawakita
Claims (3)
筒状容器内の排ガス入口側に設けられたセラミックヒー
タと、該セラミックヒータの後流に配置された多孔質フ
ォームフィルタおよび触媒担持フィルタを有することを
特徴とする排ガス中の粒子除去装置。(1) A cylindrical container having an inlet and an outlet for exhaust gas, a ceramic heater provided on the exhaust gas inlet side in the cylindrical container, and a porous foam filter and a catalyst-carrying filter placed downstream of the ceramic heater. A device for removing particles in exhaust gas, characterized by having:
ィルタを、その後流に触媒担持フィルタをそれぞれ隣接
して配置したことを特徴とする請求項（１）記載の排ガ
ス中の粒子除去装置。(2) The device for removing particles in exhaust gas according to claim (1), characterized in that a porous foam filter is disposed adjacent to the downstream side of the ceramic heater, and a catalyst-carrying filter is disposed adjacent to the downstream side of the ceramic heater.
沿って触媒担持フィルタを配置し、該触媒担持フィルタ
の内側に多孔質フォームフィルタを配置したことを特徴
とする請求項（１）記載の排ガス中の粒子除去装置。(3) A catalyst-carrying filter is arranged along the inner wall surface of the cylindrical container downstream of the ceramic heater, and a porous foam filter is arranged inside the catalyst-carrying filter. Equipment for removing particles from exhaust gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63325584A JPH02173310A (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1988-12-23 | Remover of particle in exhaust gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63325584A JPH02173310A (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1988-12-23 | Remover of particle in exhaust gas |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02173310A true JPH02173310A (en) | 1990-07-04 |
Family
ID=18178511
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63325584A Pending JPH02173310A (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1988-12-23 | Remover of particle in exhaust gas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02173310A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0557311U (en) * | 1991-11-05 | 1993-07-30 | イビデン株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification device |
| ES2064231A2 (en) * | 1992-11-10 | 1995-01-16 | Calvo Jose Manuel Esteban | Gas-purifying silencer applicable to internal-combustion engines |
| KR100489642B1 (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 2005-08-31 | 에스케이 주식회사 | Heat Structural Structure of Diesel Fuel Filter |
| US6953555B2 (en) | 2000-11-22 | 2005-10-11 | O-Den Corporation | Diesel particulate removing apparatus |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56114359A (en) * | 1980-02-14 | 1981-09-08 | Sharp Corp | Method of sealing semiconductor device |
| JPS5867914A (en) * | 1981-10-19 | 1983-04-22 | Nippon Soken Inc | Purification device for fine carbon particles of internal-combustion engine |
-
1988
- 1988-12-23 JP JP63325584A patent/JPH02173310A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56114359A (en) * | 1980-02-14 | 1981-09-08 | Sharp Corp | Method of sealing semiconductor device |
| JPS5867914A (en) * | 1981-10-19 | 1983-04-22 | Nippon Soken Inc | Purification device for fine carbon particles of internal-combustion engine |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0557311U (en) * | 1991-11-05 | 1993-07-30 | イビデン株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification device |
| ES2064231A2 (en) * | 1992-11-10 | 1995-01-16 | Calvo Jose Manuel Esteban | Gas-purifying silencer applicable to internal-combustion engines |
| KR100489642B1 (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 2005-08-31 | 에스케이 주식회사 | Heat Structural Structure of Diesel Fuel Filter |
| US6953555B2 (en) | 2000-11-22 | 2005-10-11 | O-Den Corporation | Diesel particulate removing apparatus |
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