JPH02178493A - Shield excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the infiltration of underground water into a pit and the collapse of the gable section of primary concrete by providing a cylindrical water stop ring on the inside of a press ring provided movably in the excavation direction of an outer hull. CONSTITUTION:Multiple excavating jacks 6 are circularly arranged on a bulkhead 2a provided to cut off the space inside an outer hull 2. A cylindrical water stop ring 9 is provided concentrically with the outer hull 2 and fixed to the outer hull 2, and a cylindrical cylinder 2c is formed between the outer hull 2 and the water stop ring 9. A cylindrical press ring 7 is slidably provided in contact with the inner face of the outer hull 2 and the water stop ring 9, and multiple press ring jacks 7b are circularly arranged at the preset interval along the outer hull 2. The inflow passage of underground water is made longer by double the protruded distance over the whole periphery of the press ring 7 from the side face 7a of the press ring 7 to the rear of the outer hull 2, and the infiltration of underground water into a pit can be decreased.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (a) Industrial Application Field The present invention provides a shield capable of constructing a tunnel lining by preventing the infiltration of groundwater into a mine and the collapse of the end portion of a lining construction member. Regarding excavators.

(b) 6 Prior Art FIGS. 14 to 16 are process diagrams showing a method of concrete pouring in the conventional shield method.

Conventionally, when constructing a lining for a tunnel excavated by a shield excavator using cast-in-place concrete, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-0194399,
In the concrete pouring process, as shown in FIG.
After moving the ring by the length Ll, formwork 13B etc. are installed to form a cylindrical primary concrete placement space 31 between press ring 7 and formwork 13B. Primary concrete 21B is supplied to the concrete placement space 31 from a concrete supply pipe connected to the formwork 13B.
to be poured.

- When the placing of the secondary concrete 21B is completed, as shown in FIG. 15, while moving the press ring 7 in the direction of the arrow, the supply hose 30 is inserted into the secondary concrete placing space 23 that is created as the press ring 7 moves 1M. From there, secondary concrete 21D is poured through the discharge pipe 1o of the press ring 7. after that.

As shown in FIG. 16, the outer shell 2 of the shield excavator 1 is moved in the direction of arrow A to perform an excavation operation, and the tail void 27 that is generated due to this movement is filled with the secondary concrete 21D that was placed earlier. Next, press ring 7 is moved in the direction of arrow B to press the secondary concrete 21D. When the filling operation into the tail void 27 is completed, construction of the tunnel lining 20 for one ring is completed.

(C) 0 Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in this case, as shown in FIG. When leaving the ground, especially in stagnant ground, groundwater 35 flows into the outer shell 2 and press ring 7 of the shield excavator 1 and the primary and secondary concrete 2.
There is a possibility that it may flow into the mine along the contact surfaces with 1A and 21C. In addition, if the primary concrete 21A is insufficiently hardened, it cannot withstand the water pressure from the ground 19 and the soil pressure, and the primary concrete 21A is insufficiently hardened. There is a risk that the LA gable 21a may collapse.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a cylindrical water-stop ring inside the press ring to prevent underground water from entering the tunnel and from collapsing the end of the concrete, thereby covering the tunnel. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield excavator that can construct an excavator.

(d) Means for solving six problems, namely 1 The present invention has an outer shell (2), a water stop ring (9) is provided inside the outer shell (2), and the outer fa (2) is provided with a water stop ring (9). ) and the water stop ring (9), and a press ring (7) is placed inside the cylinder (2C).
2), and a formwork support member (11) is provided inside the water stop ring (9) so as to be movable and driven in the excavation direction of the outer shell (2).
The formwork supporting member (11) is provided so as to be movable and driveable relative to the
A digging jack (6) is provided between the outer shell (2) and the outer shell (2).

Further, it has an outer shell (2), and a water stop ring (9) is provided inside the outer shell (2), and the water stop ring (9) is connected to the outer shell (2).
A cylinder (2C) is formed between the cylinders (2C).
c) A press ring (7) is provided inside the outer shell (2) so as to be movable and driven in the excavation direction of the outer shell (2), and a formwork support member (11) is provided inside the water stop ring (9). The formwork support member (11) and the outer shell (
An excavation jack (6) is provided between the formwork support member (11) and a suppression ring (5) on the rear side of the outer shell (2) of the formwork support member (11).
) is provided so as to be movably driven in the excavation direction with respect to the formwork support member (11).

Note that the numbers in parentheses are for convenience to indicate corresponding elements in the drawings, and therefore, this description is not limited to the description on the drawings. r(e) below,
The same applies to the column "Effect".

(e) 0 Effect With the above-described configuration, the present invention works so that the water stop ring (9) lengthens the inflow path of the groundwater (35).

(f), Example An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of a shield excavator according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1.
4 is an enlarged view of the jack part of the shield excavator shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 5 to 13 are a lining construction method using the shield excavator according to the present invention. It is a process chart showing an example.

As shown in FIG. 1, the shield excavator 1 has a cylindrical outer shell 2, and the front surface of the outer shell 2, that is, the first
A cutter 3 is rotatably supported on the left side of the figure.

The cutter 3 is connected to a drive motor 3a provided on a partition wall 2a provided to block the space inside the outer shell 2 in the horizontal direction in the figure, and a plurality of digging jacks 6 are installed on the partition wall 2a. , as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, are arranged in a circular ring along the outer shell 2. The excavation jack 6 is provided with a ram 6a that can protrude and retreat in the directions of arrows A and B, and furthermore, inside the outer shell 2, a ram 6a as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 is provided.
As shown in the figure, the water stop ring 9 formed in a cylindrical shape is
It is provided concentrically with respect to the outer shell 2. As shown in FIG. 4, the water stop ring 9 is fixed to the outer shell 2 via a flange 9b at the front end, with its rear end 9a aligned with the rear end 2b of the outer shell 2. A cylindrical cylinder 20 is formed between the outer shell 2 and the water stop ring 9. A press ring 7 formed in a cylindrical shape is attached to the cylinder 2c in contact with the inner surface of the outer shell 2 and the water stop ring 9 as shown by arrows A and B.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the press ring 7 has a plurality of press ring jacks 7b arranged in an annular shape along the outer shell 2 at predetermined intervals. are arranged. Furthermore, press ring jack 7
b, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4.

A plurality of discharge pipes 10 are provided with discharge ports 10a at their tips facing the side surface 7a of the press ring 7, that is, toward the rear of the shield excavator 1. Furthermore, a supply hose 30 is connected to the discharge pipe 10, as shown in FIG.

By the way, a gauge ring 11 formed in an annular shape is attached to the tip of the ram 6a of the digging jack 6 so as to be in contact with the inner surface of the water stop ring 9.

The gauge ring 11 has an engagement groove 1 as shown in FIG.
1a and lla are formed in an annular manner over the entire circumference of the gauge ring 11. In addition, the gauge ring 11 is as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

A formwork 13 assembled in an annular shape is provided so as to be connected in the left-right direction in FIG. ing.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the gauge ring 11 has a plurality of hydraulic jacks 17 arranged at predetermined intervals in an annular shape along the circumference of the gauge ring 11. A pressing ring 5 is supported at the tip of 17a so as to be movable in the directions of arrows A and B. The pressure ring 5 has approximately the same outer diameter as the gauge ring 11, and 1. It is formed into a disk shape having approximately the same inner diameter as the formwork 13.

Since the shield excavator 1 etc. has the above configuration, when excavating the tunnel 15, the drive motor 3a is driven to rotate the cutter 3, and the ram 6a of the excavation jack 6 is moved in the left-right direction in FIG. Partition wall 2
a and the outer shell 2 to press the cutter 3 in the direction of the face 16, that is, in the direction of arrow A. Then, due to the pressing force, the face 16 and the rotating cutter 3 come into contact with a predetermined contact pressure,
At the same time that the face 16 is excavated by the cutter 3, the outer shell 2 is propelled in the direction of the arrow, and the tunnel 15 is formed behind the shield excavator 1, that is, to the right in the figure.

In this way, as the tunnel 15 is formed, the tunnel lining 2 is installed to prevent the excavated ground 19 from collapsing.
The tunnel lining 20 needs to be constructed using the following procedure. That is, shield excavator 1
However, when the excavation is performed in the direction of the arrow by the length Ll of one ring of the formwork 13, the ram 6a of the excavation jack 6 is in a state of protruding in the direction of the arrow B, as shown in FIG. In addition, the press ring 7 and the press ring 5 are also moved in the same direction.

In this state, as shown in FIG. 6, the hydraulic jack 17 is driven to move the pressing ring 5 in the direction of arrow A, and the ram 6a of the digging jack 6 is moved a distance L1 in the direction of arrow A.
only to retreat. Then.

The gauge ring 11, together with the press ring 5, separates from the end portion 21a of the concrete 21A and the formwork 13A, which were placed just before, and slides in the direction of arrow A, and the end portion 21a and the formwork 13A
A cylindrical space is formed between the pressure ring 5 and the gauge ring 11. Therefore, a reinforcing member 12.12 made of reinforcing steel or the like is engaged in the space as shown by the imaginary line in Figure 1.
i+l 11a, installed via 11a, and formwork 1
The formwork 13B is assembled and installed in contact with the formwork 13A.
3B, press ring 5, water stop ring 9 and concrete 2
A cylindrical concrete placement space 31 is formed between the end portions 21a of 1A.

In this state, as shown in FIG. 7, the concrete supply pipe 25 is connected to the formwork 13B.
Concrete 21B is placed in the concrete placement space 31. Immediately after finishing pouring the concrete 21B into the concrete pouring space 31, the hydraulic jack 17 is driven.

Press ring 5 is moved in the direction of arrow B. Then, the suppression ring 5 that had been in contact with the gauge ring 11 until then,
As shown in Fig. 8, concrete 21 slides in the direction of arrow B and has just been poured and has not yet lost its fluidity.
Press B in the same direction.

Then, since the concrete 21B is surrounded by the water stop ring 9, the formworks 13A and 13B, and the concrete 21A that was cast just before and has already hardened, it will be compressed, and as a result, the concrete 21B will be compressed. Excess water contained in the water is squeezed out. The squeezed out water is discharged to the outside through a large number of drain holes in the formwork 13B, and the water-cement ratio of the concrete 21B is appropriately reduced by this dewatering operation, and the concrete 21B develops strength at an early stage. At this time, as described above, since a plurality of hydraulic jacks 17 are arranged in an annular shape along the water stop ring 9, the suppressing operation is performed uniformly around the entire circumference of the concrete 21B. Therefore, the dewatering operation is performed uniformly and smoothly.

In this way, when a predetermined amount of water is discharged and high quality concrete 21B is formed, the drive of the hydraulic jack 17 is stopped. Then, the pressing ring 5 stops sliding in the direction of arrow B.

After the press ring 5 has moved a predetermined distance L4 in the direction of arrow B, the press ring jack 7b is driven to gradually retreat the press ring 7 in the direction of arrow A, as shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, a fluid water stop material 22 such as cement bentonite mortar is injected into the cylinder 2c after the press ring 7 has passed through the discharge pipe 10 from the supply hose 30, and the cylinder 2c is closed. 2C is filled with a fluid water stopper member 22.

Note that the fluid water supply member 22 used here can maintain fluidity for a longer period of time than the construction time of one ring of tunnel lining 20 (usually about 4 hours) even under a pressurized state. When the press ring 7 moves in the direction of the arrow and the side surface 7a almost matches the formwork support position of the cage ring 11 as shown in FIG. 11, as shown in FIG.
The ram 6a of the digging jack 6 is moved in the direction of arrow B, and the cutter 3 is rotated to start the digging operation.

Then, as already mentioned, the outer shell 2 and the water stop ring 9 start moving in the direction of the arrow, and the outer shell 2 and the water stop ring 9 start moving in the direction of the arrow.
After the movement of the fluid water stop member 22 and the ground 19, and between the fluid water stop member 22 and the concrete 21A and 21B in the concrete placement space 31. Tail voids 27A and 27B are formed, respectively. Therefore, as the outer shell 2 moves in the direction of the arrow, the press ring jack 7b is driven to gradually move the press ring 7 in the direction of the arrow B in synchronization with the movement of the outer shell 2. Then, the unhardened flowable water stop member 22 that was previously placed in the cylinder 2c is pressed by the press ring 7 and flows in close contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 20, the excavated surface of the ground 19, etc. To fill tail voids 27A and 27B without any gaps. In this way, when the press ring 7 is moved in the direction of arrow B as the outer shell 2 and water stop ring 9 move in the direction of arrow A, the tail void 27A that occurs as a result of the movement of the outer shell 2 and water stop ring 9, 27B is effectively filled. In addition, the pressing force of the press ring 7 in the direction of arrow B at this time is always applied at a pressure that can withstand the earth pressure and water pressure of the ground 19 to prevent groundwater etc. from entering the water stop member 22. do.

At this time, since the press ring 7 is formed in a cylindrical shape, the fluid water stop members 22 are uniformly pressurized around the entire circumference of the ring.
Since it behaves as a fluid for a long time even under pressurized conditions, the press pressure of the press ring 7 causes the concrete 2LA, 2 to move not only in the direction of arrow B, which is the press direction, but also toward the ground 19 side.
Pressure is applied evenly to the 1B side. Therefore, tail void 2
The filling operation of 7A and 27B is performed uniformly and in good condition around the entire circumference of the outer shell 2 and the water stop ring 9, and the fluid water stop member 22 is able to fill between particles such as earth and sand constituting the ground 19. The particles of the concrete 21A and 21B move in a way that they are clogged between the particles, forming a water stop layer surrounding the concrete 21A and 21B in a cylindrical shape.

When excavating the tunnel 15 by the cutter 3 of the shield excavator 1, if over-digging occurs and the tail void 27 between the ground 19 and the shield excavator 1 becomes large, the shield During excavation, the press ring 7 is moved in the direction of arrow B, and the press ring 7 is
The fluid water stop member 22 is reinjected from the discharge pipe 10. Then, the filling operation of the tail void 27 is performed while the excavation operation by shield excavation is continued, and since the fluid water stop member 22 is highly fluid as already mentioned, the injection filling operation is carried out in the ground. The excavation is carried out smoothly and uniformly depending on the shape of the excavation surface.

In this way, the outer shell 2 is attached to the formwork 13 together with the water stop ring 9.
When the press ring 7 is propelled by a length Ll corresponding to one ring, the press ring 7 becomes as shown in FIG.

The side surface 7a is the outer shell 2 and the rear end 2b of the water stop ring 9,
It is in a state where it is retreated by a distance L2 from 9a in the direction of arrow A. From this state, the press ring 7 is further moved in the direction of arrow A to further pressurize the fluid water stop member 22. In this way, when the press ring 7 stops moving in the direction of the arrow A when the predetermined pressure is reached, the press ring 7 has its side surface 7a close to the outer shell 2 and the water stop ring 9, as shown in FIG. The tunnel lining 20 for one ring is in a state of retreating from the rear end portions 2b and 9a by a distance L3 in the direction of arrow A.
construction is completed.

Note that during the construction of this one ring worth of tunnel lining 20, the press ring 7 can constantly pressurize the fluid water stop member 22 as a fluid.

Furthermore, once the tunnel lining 20 for one ring is constructed,
In order to construct the tunnel lining 20 for the next one ring, as mentioned above, in this state, the ram 6 of the excavation jack 6 is
a is moved back by a distance L1 in the direction of the arrow as shown in FIG. 1st
Compared to the case where the water stop ring 9 is not provided as shown in FIG.
Moreover, since the fluid water stop member 22 is in close contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 20 and the side surface 7a of the press ring 7 without any gaps, the water supply between the ground 19 and the mine becomes long, and the underground water 3
It is possible to reduce the occurrence of a situation where 5 enters the mine. Therefore, the end portion 21a of the concrete 21B that was placed just before stands on its own without collapsing due to the groundwater 35,
The subsequent installation work of the reinforcing members 12.12 is also carried out smoothly.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, a case has been described in which the fluid water stop member 22 made of cement bentonite mortar or the like is injected and filled into the cylinder 2c and the tail voids 27A, 27B. A two-component plastic grout or foamed mortar can also be injected and filled as the fluid water stop member 22 . When a two-component plastic grout material is used, there are various possible methods for injecting the two-component plastic grout material into the cylinder 2C. Any method may be used as long as the water-stopping member 22 can be formed.

Further, in the above embodiment, the hydraulic jack 17 was used as a means for moving the press ring 5.

Any means may be used as long as the press ring 5 can be freely moved in the shield excavation direction; for example, an air bag or a flat jack may be used as the means for moving the press ring 5.

(g) As described in detail in 1 of the invention, according to the present invention, the outer shell 2 is provided, the water stop ring 9 is provided inside the outer shell 2, and the water stop ring 9 is connected to the outer shell 2. A cylinder 2C is formed in between, a press ring 7 is provided in the cylinder 2C so as to be movable and driven in the excavation direction of the outer shell 2, and a form support member such as a gauge ring 11 is provided inside the water stop ring 9. As shown in FIG. 6, the water stop ring 9 is movably driven relative to the outer shell 2, and the excavation jack 6 is provided between the formwork support member and the outer shell 2. Arrow B from side 7a of ring 7
The inflow path of the groundwater 35 becomes longer by twice the distance that the press ring 7 protrudes from the rear of the outer shell 2 to the rear of the outer shell 2 (distance L3 in the figure). It is possible to reduce the occurrence of a situation where 35 intrudes into the mine.

Further, it has an outer shell 2, a water stop ring 9 is provided inside the outer shell 2, and a cylinder 20 is provided between the outer shell 2 and the water stop ring 9.
A press ring 7 is provided in the cylinder 2C so as to be movable and driven in the excavation direction of the outer shell 2, and a form support member such as a gauge ring 11 is attached to the outer shell 2 inside the water stop ring 9. A digging jack 6 is provided between the formwork support member and the outer shell 2, and a pressing ring 5 is provided on the rear side of the outer shell 2 of the formwork support member. If the member is configured to be movable and driven in the excavation direction, the water stop ring 9 can prevent underground water 35 by a distance twice as much as the distance that the water stop ring 9 protrudes from the side surface 7a of the press ring 7 toward the rear of the outer shell 2.
In addition to the lengthening of the inflow route, the pressure ring 5 is moved to the rear of the outer shell 2 after the lining construction member is placed in the lining construction member placement space such as the concrete placement space 31. , excess water contained in the lining construction member can be discharged under pressure. Therefore, when constructing the lining, 35% of groundwater
This makes it possible to reduce the occurrence of situations in which particles infiltrate into the mine, and also to improve the quality of the lining construction components at an early stage, making it possible to significantly shorten the cycle time for lining construction.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of a shield excavator according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 1. Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Figure 1, and Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1.
An enlarged view of the jack part of the shield excavator shown in FIG. It is a process diagram showing the method of concrete pouring in the shield construction method. 1... Shield excavator 2... Outer shell 2c... Cylinder 5... Pressing ring 6... Excavation jack 7... ...Press ring 9...Water stop ring 11...Form support member (gauge ring) Figure Figure Figure 5] Figure Figure Figure 5

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1), having an outer shell; A water stop ring is provided inside the outer shell, Place the cylinder between the outer shell and the water stop ring. form, Press the ring into the cylinder and press the outer shell It is installed so that it can be freely moved and driven in the direction of excavation. Place the formwork support member in front of the water stop ring. It is provided so that it can be moved and driven freely relative to the outer shell. An excavation screw is provided between the formwork support member and the outer shell. A shield excavator equipped with a jack. (2) It has an outer shell, a water stop ring is provided inside the outer shell, a cylinder is formed between the outer shell and the water stop ring, and a press ring is placed in the cylinder in the direction of excavation of the outer shell. a formwork support member is provided inside the water stop ring so as to be movable and drivable with respect to the outer shell; an excavation jack is provided between the formwork support member and the outer shell; A shield excavator comprising: a press ring provided on the rear side of the outer shell of the formwork support member so as to be movable and driven in the excavation direction with respect to the formwork support member.