JPH0218960B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0218960B2
JPH0218960B2 JP56042355A JP4235581A JPH0218960B2 JP H0218960 B2 JPH0218960 B2 JP H0218960B2 JP 56042355 A JP56042355 A JP 56042355A JP 4235581 A JP4235581 A JP 4235581A JP H0218960 B2 JPH0218960 B2 JP H0218960B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
welding
ductility
corrosion resistance
present
resistance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP56042355A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS57156894A (en
Inventor
Tsutomu Konuma
Fumio Hataya
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Priority to JP4235581A priority Critical patent/JPS57156894A/en
Publication of JPS57156894A publication Critical patent/JPS57156894A/en
Publication of JPH0218960B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0218960B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550°C
    • B23K35/3053Fe as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/308Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
    • B23K35/3086Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent containing Ni or Mn

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は水力発電用水車ランナ及びポンプ等、
激しいキヤビテーシヨン侵食を受け損傷する部分
を予め保護もしくは、損傷した部分を補修するの
に好適な耐壊食性ステンレス鋼で特に延性が良好
な耐溶接割れ性の優れた溶接材料に関する。 耐壊食肉盛溶接材料とし優れた特性を示す材料
としてCo基合金のものがある。この材料はCo、
Cr、WもしくはMo等を比較的多量に含有するた
め溶接割れを生じやすく、かつ高価となる。ま
た、高合金の材料なので母材成分の稀釈を受け多
層溶接を行なわないと本来の成分とならず耐壊食
性が得られない。更により一層の耐壊食性の向上
を画るためCの含有量を高める必要があり、その
ための耐溶接割れ性を著しく損う。この種の材料
を用いる場合溶接割れを防止するため高い予熱を
行う必要があり経済的でない。のみならず水力機
械の補修溶接は狭隘部が多く作業者の安全、健康
面から著しくその使用が制限され、また、良好な
溶接金属を得ることが阻害される。上記の理由か
ら耐溶接割れ性の優れた比較的安価なオーステナ
イトステンレス鋼溶接材料が用いられるが耐壊食
性の面からはCo基合金溶接材料に比較すると非
常に悪く、最近の水力機械の苛酷な使用条件下で
使用するには十分な目的を発揮し得ない。 以上記述したように水力機械のキヤビネーシヨ
ン壊食を防ぐための肉盛材料としては耐壊食性と
耐溶接割れ性を兼備するものが望ましい。 本発明の目的はCr、Ni、Co、Mnを主成分と
したオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼で、更に適当
量のVを添加して特に延性を向上させ耐溶接割れ
性及び耐壊食性の優れた溶接材料を提供するもの
である。 本発明の特徴とするところはC、Mn、Ni、
Co、Cr等の冶金学的操作によりオーステナイト
基地を強化せしめ耐壊食性を向上させ、かつVを
適当量添加して組織を微細化し、溶着金属の延性
を向上させたものである。その溶着金属を形成す
る溶接材料の化学成分は重量%で、C0.10〜0.40
%、Si0.20〜1.00%、Mn4.96〜7.0%、Ni1.0〜7.0
%、Co2.0〜10.0%、Cr16.0〜23.0%、V0.10〜
1.50%を含み、残部鉄を有するオーステナイトス
テンレス鋼からなることを特徴とする。 上記成分の他に、さらにMoが添加される。そ
の含有量は0.5〜2.0%で、好適な範囲は0.7〜1.5
%である。 以下、夫々の成分の限定理由について説明す
る。Cは強化なオーステナイト化元素で、本発明
の抵Ni材ではその安定化に貢献する。C量が少
ない場合、本発明鋼は一部マルテンサイト組織を
生じ延性が低下する。そのため他のオーステナイ
ト化元素であるMn、Ni、Coを好ましい割合で添
加する必要がある。Niのオーステナイト化の係
数を1とするとCはその30倍、Mnは1/2、Coは
1/3で計算される。C量が少ない場合Ni、Mn、
Coでオーステナイト化をしなければならない。
しかしこの場合オーステナイト基地の硬さが低く
なり延性は向上するが耐壊食性は悪くなるのでC
は0.10%より低下させることは好ましくなく望ま
しくは0.15%以上である。一方Cを増加させると
耐壊食性が向上するがしかしC単独ではその効果
は示さず、適量のMn、Ni、Cr、Coが必要であ
るが、0.40%以上では延性が著しく低下すると共
に溶接高温割れが生じ易くなる。このため好まし
くは0.35%、以下が望ましい。 Siは溶接時の脱酸剤として0.2%以上必要であ
り過度に添加すると靭性が低下する。そのため1
%以下とすべきで、好ましくは0.30〜0.70%であ
る。また脱酸剤として例えばAl、Zrあるいは希
土類元素が不純物として0.10%以下存在しても良
い。 Mnは溶接時の脱酸剤として用いられるが本発
明ではオーステナイト化を促す重要な元素で、こ
の添加は本発明の特徴の一つでもある。Mn量の
増加はオーステナイト化を促し、4.96%以上の添
加は溶着金属の延性を顕著に向上させ、高温割れ
性を改善する。しかし7.0%を越えるとオーステ
ナイトが安定になり耐壊食性は著しく低下する。 Niはオーステナイト生成元素で、Crと共存し
て地をオーステナイトにして強度、靭性を向上さ
せる。本発明鋼は適度に不安定なオーステナイト
組織を有しキヤビテーシヨン壊滅時の衝撃力によ
り、加工誘起マンテンサイトを適量発生させ耐壊
食性を向上させるものでNiを低くするのが望ま
しいが、1.0%未満ではオーステナイトが過剰に
不安定となりマンテンサイト組織を一部含むよう
になり延性が低下する。好ましくは1.5%以上が
良い。一方7.0%以上となるとC、Mn、Coの作
用と相まつてオーステナイトが過剰に安定し、耐
壊食性が著しく低下し溶接高温割れが生じ易くな
る。好ましくは6.0以下が望ましい。 Coは比較的弱いオーステナイト生成元素で、
Ni、Mnと共にオーステナイト組織を適度に安定
し、かつその組織を強化する。2.0%以上、好ま
しくは4.0%以上でその含有量を増加させてると
耐壊食性はそれにつれて著しく向上するが8.0%
以上では効果が小さくなる。しかし10.0%程度ま
では有効でCoの増量は耐壊食性を安定にする。 Crは水中における耐壊食性を向上させる。Ni
と共在してオーステナイト地を生成するが一部少
量のフエライトを生じさせる。16.0%未満ではオ
ーステナイト中に一部マンテンサイトが生じ、
23.0%を超えるとフエライトが一部生じ、延性及
び耐壊食性が低下する。好ましくは17.5〜21.5%
である。 Vはその添加量の増加と共に耐壊食性をむしろ
悪くするが0.10%未満の添加は耐壊食性になんら
影響を及ぼさず、その量以上の添加は耐壊食性を
悪くするが延性は増加して行く。すなわち本発明
鋼ではC、Mn、Ni、Co、Crで耐壊食性を極力
向上させておく。その結果として延性が低下する
ので0.1%以上のVを添加して延性の改善を画る
が、顕著な効果を示すのは0.20%以上である。し
かし、1.50%をこえると耐壊食性を著しく損うの
で、、好ましくは0.5%以下にするのが良い。 残部はFeと同伴する不純物である。不純物の
代表例としてP、Sがあるがそれらは極力少ない
方が好ましく、夫々0.030%以下が良い。 Moは鋼に延性を与えると共にマトリツクスを
強化して耐壊食性を改善させるために0.5%以上
添加される。しかし2.0%をこえて添加するとフ
エライト組織が多くなり逆に耐壊食性が低下する
ので、2.0%以下とすべきである。好ましくは0.7
〜1.5%に含有させるのがよい。 上述したC、Mn、Ni、Co及びCrは独立して
添加しては意味がなく、夫々の範囲内で適量が共
在することによりオーステナイト基地を強化し過
剰のマンテンサイト及びフエライトを生ぜず、か
つ過度にオーステナイトが安定しないように選ん
である。 次に本発明の実施例について、比較材を加え説
明する。
The present invention provides water turbine runners and pumps for hydroelectric power generation, etc.
The present invention relates to a corrosion-resistant stainless steel suitable for pre-protecting or repairing damaged parts due to severe cavitation erosion, and relates to a welding material with particularly good ductility and excellent weld cracking resistance. Co-based alloys are materials that exhibit excellent properties as corrosion-resistant overlay welding materials. This material is Co,
Since it contains relatively large amounts of Cr, W, Mo, etc., it is likely to cause weld cracking and is expensive. Furthermore, since it is a high-alloy material, the base material components are diluted, and unless multilayer welding is performed, the original components cannot be obtained and corrosion resistance cannot be obtained. Furthermore, in order to further improve the corrosion resistance, it is necessary to increase the C content, which significantly impairs the weld cracking resistance. When using this type of material, high preheating is required to prevent weld cracking, which is not economical. In addition, repair welding of hydraulic machines involves many narrow areas, which severely limits its use from the safety and health standpoint of workers, and also impedes the ability to obtain good quality weld metal. For the above reasons, a relatively inexpensive austenitic stainless steel welding material with excellent weld cracking resistance is used, but its corrosion resistance is very poor compared to Co-based alloy welding materials, and it is difficult to handle the harsh conditions of modern hydraulic machines. It cannot serve its purpose sufficiently under the conditions of use. As described above, as a build-up material for preventing corrosion of the cavination of hydraulic machinery, it is desirable to have both erosion resistance and weld cracking resistance. The object of the present invention is an austenitic stainless steel whose main components are Cr, Ni, Co, and Mn, and an appropriate amount of V added thereto to particularly improve ductility, resulting in a welding material with excellent weld cracking resistance and erosion corrosion resistance. It provides: The features of the present invention are C, Mn, Ni,
The austenite base is strengthened by metallurgical manipulation of Co, Cr, etc. to improve erosion resistance, and an appropriate amount of V is added to refine the structure and improve the ductility of the weld metal. The chemical composition of the welding material forming the weld metal is C0.10~0.40 in weight%.
%, Si0.20~1.00%, Mn4.96~7.0%, Ni1.0~7.0
%, Co2.0~10.0%, Cr16.0~23.0%, V0.10~
It is characterized by being made of austenitic stainless steel containing 1.50% and the balance iron. In addition to the above components, Mo is further added. Its content is 0.5-2.0%, the preferred range is 0.7-1.5
%. The reason for limiting each component will be explained below. C is a reinforcing austenitizing element, and contributes to its stabilization in the Ni-resistant material of the present invention. When the amount of C is small, the steel of the present invention partially forms a martensitic structure, resulting in a decrease in ductility. Therefore, it is necessary to add Mn, Ni, and Co, which are other austenitizing elements, in a preferable ratio. If the coefficient of austenitization of Ni is 1, C is calculated as 30 times that value, Mn as 1/2, and Co as 1/3. When the amount of C is small, Ni, Mn,
Must be austenitized with Co.
However, in this case, the hardness of the austenite base decreases and the ductility improves, but the corrosion resistance deteriorates, so C
It is preferable that the amount is lower than 0.10%, and it is preferably 0.15% or more. On the other hand, increasing the C content improves the corrosion resistance, but C alone does not show this effect, and appropriate amounts of Mn, Ni, Cr, and Co are required. Cracks are more likely to occur. Therefore, it is preferably 0.35% or less. 0.2% or more of Si is required as a deoxidizing agent during welding, and adding too much will reduce toughness. Therefore 1
% or less, preferably 0.30 to 0.70%. Further, as a deoxidizing agent, for example, Al, Zr, or a rare earth element may be present as an impurity in an amount of 0.10% or less. Mn is used as a deoxidizing agent during welding, and in the present invention it is an important element that promotes austenitization, and its addition is also one of the features of the present invention. An increase in the amount of Mn promotes austenitization, and addition of 4.96% or more significantly improves the ductility of the weld metal and improves hot cracking properties. However, when the content exceeds 7.0%, austenite becomes stable and corrosion resistance significantly decreases. Ni is an austenite-forming element that coexists with Cr to turn the base into austenite, improving strength and toughness. The steel of the present invention has a moderately unstable austenitic structure, and the impact force at the time of cavitation destruction generates an appropriate amount of deformation-induced mantensite to improve corrosion resistance.It is desirable to have a low Ni content, but less than 1.0%. In this case, the austenite becomes excessively unstable and partially contains a mantensite structure, resulting in a decrease in ductility. Preferably it is 1.5% or more. On the other hand, if it exceeds 7.0%, austenite becomes excessively stable together with the effects of C, Mn, and Co, resulting in a marked decrease in corrosion resistance and a tendency to cause weld hot cracking. Preferably it is 6.0 or less. Co is a relatively weak austenite-forming element,
Along with Ni and Mn, it moderately stabilizes the austenite structure and strengthens the structure. If the content is increased to 2.0% or more, preferably 4.0% or more, the erosion resistance will improve significantly as the content increases, but it will increase by 8.0%.
Above that, the effect will be small. However, it is effective up to about 10.0%, and increasing the amount of Co stabilizes the corrosion resistance. Cr improves corrosion resistance in water. Ni
It coexists with other minerals and produces austenite, but also a small amount of ferrite. If it is less than 16.0%, some mantensite occurs in austenite,
If it exceeds 23.0%, some ferrite will be formed and ductility and erosion resistance will decrease. Preferably 17.5-21.5%
It is. V actually worsens erosion resistance as the amount added increases, but addition of less than 0.10% has no effect on erosion resistance, and addition of more than 0.10% worsens erosion resistance but increases ductility. go. That is, in the steel of the present invention, the corrosion resistance is improved as much as possible by C, Mn, Ni, Co, and Cr. As a result, the ductility decreases, so 0.1% or more of V is added to improve the ductility, but it is 0.20% or more that shows a significant effect. However, if it exceeds 1.50%, corrosion resistance will be significantly impaired, so it is preferably 0.5% or less. The remainder is impurities accompanying Fe. Typical examples of impurities include P and S, but it is preferable to have as little of them as possible, preferably 0.030% or less for each. Mo is added in an amount of 0.5% or more to impart ductility to the steel, strengthen the matrix, and improve corrosion resistance. However, if it is added in excess of 2.0%, the ferrite structure increases and the corrosion resistance decreases, so it should be kept at 2.0% or less. Preferably 0.7
The content is preferably ~1.5%. The above-mentioned C, Mn, Ni, Co, and Cr have no meaning when added independently, but by coexisting in appropriate amounts within each range, the austenite base is strengthened and excessive mantensite and ferrite are not produced. Moreover, it is selected so that austenite is not excessively stabilized. Next, examples of the present invention will be described with reference to comparative materials.

【表】 第1表は被覆アーク溶着金属の化学成分と引張
試験で得られた伸び率及び磁歪振動式壊食試験で
得られた初期10時間の壊食減量の結果を示す。溶
接棒は4φで被覆剤はライム・チタニア型である。
溶着金属の成分のうちC、Si、Mn及びCrの1部
は溶接棒芯線から添加し、他は被覆剤より添加し
たものである。 本発明鋼はNo.1〜No.5迄のものでオーステナイ
ト相を有し特にVを添加したものである。No.6、
7と本発明材と主成分系は類似しているがVを添
加しないものである。これらの伸び率を比較する
と明らかに本発明材が優れている。Vは溶着金属
の組織を微細化し、延性を向上する。No.4及び5
はVの他Moをも添加したものである。Moを添
加したことによりNo.1〜3のものに比べて伸び率
が高く、かつ壊食量は少なくなり、耐壊食性が向
上している。 発明者らは0.3m2以上の範囲を3層以上肉盛溶
接を行い溶接割れを生じさせないための溶着金属
の持つ伸び率は約10%以上必要であること、これ
以下の伸び率では溶接施工時に特別な厳しい管理
を必要とすることを実験的に確認した。従来材で
はD−309Moが耐溶接割れ性を満足するが耐壊
食性が得られない。またCo基合金材料で多層肉
盛溶接では溶接割れをしばしば生ずる。No.5、6
の比較材でも割れが生じ易い。本発明鋼はCr当
量(Creq)=Cr+1.5、Si+Mo(%)で表す量に
おいて17.5〜24.5%の範囲にあり、Ni当量
(Nieq)=Ni+30C+1/2Mn+1/3Coで表わすもの
でフエライトを最大3%程度含むように夫々の成
分を調整し、かつVを0.1〜1.0%添加させるよう
にしたものである。 本発明材は成分限定理由及び実施例で説明した
ように被覆アーク溶接棒の芯線もしくは被覆剤の
少なくともいずれか一方に合金元素を含有させ溶
着金属の成分が請求範囲内になるように選ぶこと
により著しく延性が良好で耐溶接割れ性の良い耐
壊食性の優れた合金が得られる。 第1表の本発明材No.1とほぼ同成分のものを溶
接線材としたのち不活性ガスアーク溶接を行つ
た。その結果もほぼ同一な値が得られた。 本発明による溶接材料は延性が比較的大きいの
で広範囲な面積の多層肉盛溶接を行なつても溶接
割れを防ぐことが出来る。
[Table] Table 1 shows the chemical composition of the coated arc-welded metal, the elongation rate obtained in the tensile test, and the results of the initial 10-hour erosion loss obtained in the magnetostrictive vibration erosion test. The welding rod is 4φ and the coating material is lime titania type.
Among the components of the weld metal, some of C, Si, Mn, and Cr were added from the welding rod core wire, and the others were added from the coating material. The steels of the present invention, No. 1 to No. 5, have an austenite phase and are particularly V-added. No.6,
The main component system is similar to that of the material of the present invention in No. 7, but V is not added. Comparing these elongation rates, the material of the present invention is clearly superior. V refines the structure of the weld metal and improves its ductility. No.4 and 5
In addition to V, Mo is also added. Due to the addition of Mo, the elongation rate is higher than that of Nos. 1 to 3, and the amount of erosion is reduced, resulting in improved erosion resistance. The inventors discovered that the elongation rate of the deposited metal must be approximately 10% or more in order to perform overlay welding in three or more layers over an area of 0.3 m2 or more without causing weld cracks, and that if the elongation rate is less than this, welding will not be possible. It has been experimentally confirmed that sometimes special strict management is required. Among conventional materials, D-309Mo satisfies weld cracking resistance, but does not provide corrosion resistance. Furthermore, weld cracking often occurs during multilayer overlay welding of Co-based alloy materials. No.5, 6
Even the comparative materials are prone to cracking. The steel of the present invention has a Cr equivalent (Creq) = Cr + 1.5, Si + Mo (%) in the range of 17.5 to 24.5%, and a Ni equivalent (Nieq) = Ni + 30C + 1/2Mn + 1/3Co, which contains ferrite up to 3%. % of each component, and V is added in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0%. As explained in the reasons for limiting the ingredients and the examples, the material of the present invention is made by including an alloying element in at least one of the core wire or the coating material of the coated arc welding rod and selecting the components of the weld metal to be within the claimed range. An alloy with extremely good ductility, good weld cracking resistance, and excellent corrosion resistance can be obtained. Inert gas arc welding was carried out after using a welding wire having almost the same composition as the invention material No. 1 shown in Table 1. Almost the same values were obtained as a result. Since the welding material according to the present invention has relatively high ductility, weld cracking can be prevented even when multilayer overlay welding is performed over a wide area.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 重量で、C0.10〜0.40%、Si0.20〜1.00%、
Mn4.96〜7.0%、Ni1.0〜7.0%、Co2.0〜10.0%、
Cr16.0〜23.0%、V0.10〜1.50%を含み、残部鉄を
有するオーステナイトステンレス鋼からなること
を特徴とする溶接材料。 2 重量で、C0.10〜0.40%、Si0.20〜1.00%、
Mn4.96〜7.0%、Ni1.0〜7.0%、Co2.0〜10.0%、
Cr16.0〜23.0%、V0.10〜1.50%、Mo0.5〜2.0%
を含み、残部鉄を有するオーステナイトステンレ
ス鋼からなることを特徴とする溶接材料。
[Claims] 1. By weight, C0.10-0.40%, Si0.20-1.00%,
Mn4.96~7.0%, Ni1.0~7.0%, Co2.0~10.0%,
A welding material comprising an austenitic stainless steel containing 16.0 to 23.0% Cr, 0.10 to 1.50% V, and the balance being iron. 2 By weight, C0.10~0.40%, Si0.20~1.00%,
Mn4.96~7.0%, Ni1.0~7.0%, Co2.0~10.0%,
Cr16.0~23.0%, V0.10~1.50%, Mo0.5~2.0%
A welding material comprising an austenitic stainless steel containing iron and the balance being iron.
JP4235581A 1981-03-25 1981-03-25 Stainless steel welding alloy Granted JPS57156894A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4235581A JPS57156894A (en) 1981-03-25 1981-03-25 Stainless steel welding alloy

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4235581A JPS57156894A (en) 1981-03-25 1981-03-25 Stainless steel welding alloy

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS57156894A JPS57156894A (en) 1982-09-28
JPH0218960B2 true JPH0218960B2 (en) 1990-04-27

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP4235581A Granted JPS57156894A (en) 1981-03-25 1981-03-25 Stainless steel welding alloy

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS57156894A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107587008B (en) * 2017-07-28 2019-09-27 宁波华源精特金属制品有限公司 Bottom fork right shell
CN111015007A (en) * 2018-10-09 2020-04-17 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 A kind of electrode for stainless steel welding and welding method thereof

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54121220A (en) * 1978-03-14 1979-09-20 Hitachi Metals Ltd Corrosion resistant steel alloy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS57156894A (en) 1982-09-28

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