JPH021987B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH021987B2 JPH021987B2 JP58047855A JP4785583A JPH021987B2 JP H021987 B2 JPH021987 B2 JP H021987B2 JP 58047855 A JP58047855 A JP 58047855A JP 4785583 A JP4785583 A JP 4785583A JP H021987 B2 JPH021987 B2 JP H021987B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hot water
- phase flow
- geothermal
- steam
- turbine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G4/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from geothermal energy
- F03G4/074—Safety arrangements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は地熱二相流、即ち蒸気と熱水との混合
流体を蒸気と熱水とに分離して輸送する方法に関
し、更に詳しくは地熱井の近傍において回転分離
式二相流タービンに前記地熱二相流を供給してこ
れを蒸気と熱水とに分離すると共に、昇圧された
熱水と蒸気とを消費地、例えば発電所まで輸送す
る方法を提供するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a geothermal two-phase flow, that is, a method for separating a mixed fluid of steam and hot water into steam and hot water and transporting the fluid, and more specifically, a method for transporting a geothermal two-phase flow by separating the mixed fluid into steam and hot water. The present invention provides a method for supplying the geothermal two-phase flow to a two-phase flow turbine, separating the geothermal two-phase flow into steam and hot water, and transporting the pressurized hot water and steam to a consumption site, for example, a power plant. be.
地熱の利用方法としては、地熱二相流を発電の
エネルギとして使用する方法が提案されている。 As a method of utilizing geothermal heat, a method of using geothermal two-phase flow as energy for power generation has been proposed.
この地熱発電の問題点としては、地熱井の近く
に発電所が設けられておらず、かなり離れた場所
に地熱二相流を輸送する必要がある。 The problem with this geothermal power generation is that power plants are not located near geothermal wells, and it is necessary to transport the geothermal two-phase flow to a location quite far away.
従来、地熱二相流を輸送する方法としては二つ
の方法が採用されている。その第１の方法は、(1)
地熱井の場所においてセパレータを使用して地熱
二相流を蒸気と熱水とに分離し、熱水は地下に還
元し蒸気のみを発電所に輸送する方法即ちシング
ルフラツシユ法あるいは、(2)セパレータによつて
蒸気と熱水とに分離し、この熱水をフラツシユさ
せて蒸気を発生させ、残りの熱水は地下に還元す
る方法、即ちダブルフラツシユ法である。 Conventionally, two methods have been adopted to transport geothermal two-phase flows. The first method is (1)
A method in which the geothermal two-phase flow is separated into steam and hot water using a separator at the location of the geothermal well, the hot water is returned underground, and only the steam is transported to the power plant, that is, the single flash method, or (2) This is a method in which steam and hot water are separated by a separator, the hot water is flashed to generate steam, and the remaining hot water is returned underground, that is, the double flash method.
第２の方法としては発電所まで地熱二相流を輸
送し、発電所において地熱二相流を蒸気と熱水と
に分離する方法である。 The second method is to transport the geothermal two-phase flow to a power plant and separate the geothermal two-phase flow into steam and hot water at the power plant.
第１の(1)方法は、通常は高圧蒸気のみを利用す
る方法であるので、熱回収効率が悪いという問題
点がある。そして(2)の方法は高圧と低圧の二種類
の蒸気を発電所まで輸送するものであり、その場
合に低圧の蒸気の輸送には輸送管が著しく太くな
る欠点がある。 The first method (1) usually uses only high-pressure steam, and therefore has the problem of poor heat recovery efficiency. Method (2) involves transporting two types of steam, high-pressure and low-pressure, to the power plant, and in this case, transporting low-pressure steam has the disadvantage that the transport pipe becomes significantly thicker.
一方、第２の方法は発電所に長距離輸送する二
相流配管が必要であり、この二相流配管は抗口圧
力の制約から起伏を避けて配管する必要があり、
一般に山岳地に立地すすることの多い地熱発電所
の場合二相流配管が長くなる。 On the other hand, the second method requires two-phase flow piping for long-distance transportation to the power plant, and this two-phase flow piping must be laid out to avoid ups and downs due to pressure constraints at the wellhead.
Geothermal power plants, which are often located in mountainous areas, generally require long two-phase flow piping.
配管は地熱発電所の建設における建設コストの
占める割合の大きいものであつて、10〜20％ある
いはそれ以上の場合があり、この配管コストを低
下することは非常に重要なことである。 Piping accounts for a large proportion of the construction cost in the construction of a geothermal power plant, sometimes accounting for 10 to 20% or more, and it is extremely important to reduce this piping cost.
前記第１、第２の方法においては、地熱二相流
を分離する手段として通常サイクロンセパレータ
を使用しているが、この装置は大型となり、また
一定蒸気圧を得るため等エンタルビー膨脹による
減圧を行ない、エネルギーの無駄が発生するとい
う欠点がある。 In the first and second methods, a cyclone separator is usually used as a means to separate the geothermal two-phase flow, but this device is large-sized, and in order to obtain a constant vapor pressure, pressure reduction by isenthalpic expansion is required. The disadvantage is that there is a waste of energy.
本発明は、前記従来の地熱二相流の輸送方法の
有する欠点を解消することを目的とするものであ
つて、その目的を達成するための本発明の構成
は、地熱井の近傍に回転分離器を内蔵した回転分
離式二相流タービンを配置し、前記地熱井から生
産された蒸気と熱水との混合流体を、前記回転分
離器内に導入して、該回転分離器を駆動するとと
もに蒸気と熱水とを分離し、かつ遠心力により熱
水を加圧し、該加圧された熱水と前記蒸気とを
夫々独立した配管によつて消費地まで輸送するこ
とを特徴とする地熱二相流の分離輸送方法であ
る。 The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional geothermal two-phase flow transportation method, and the configuration of the present invention to achieve the purpose is to provide a rotary separation system in the vicinity of a geothermal well. A rotary separation type two-phase flow turbine having a built-in vessel is disposed, and a mixed fluid of steam and hot water produced from the geothermal well is introduced into the rotary separator to drive the rotary separator. A geothermal system characterized in that steam and hot water are separated, the hot water is pressurized by centrifugal force, and the pressurized hot water and the steam are transported to the consumption area through independent piping, respectively. This is a separate transport method for phase flow.
本発明者等は、地熱二相流の持つエネルギーを
有効に利用するために二相流タービンを開発し、
多くの改善を行なつた。このタービンは、構造が
簡単である上にロータの回転中に蒸気と熱水とを
効率的に分離する特性がある。更に、このタービ
ンを経由して分離された熱水は、タービンのロー
タの遠心力の作用によつて排出口においてかなり
昇圧されている。 The present inventors developed a two-phase flow turbine to effectively utilize the energy of geothermal two-phase flow.
Many improvements were made. This turbine has a simple structure and has the property of efficiently separating steam and hot water while the rotor is rotating. Furthermore, the hot water separated via this turbine is considerably pressurized at the outlet by the action of the centrifugal force of the rotor of the turbine.
本発明においては、特に地熱二相流の分離・輸
送手段として回転分離式二相流タービンを使用し
た点に特徴があり、その詳細は下記する実施例に
よつて説明する。 The present invention is particularly characterized in that a rotary separation type two-phase flow turbine is used as a means for separating and transporting geothermal two-phase flow, and the details thereof will be explained with reference to the following examples.
次に図面を参照して本発明の実施例を説明す
る。 Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明の実施例に係る装置の概略図で
あつて、地熱井１，２，３にはそれぞれ配管４を
経由して回転分離式二相流タービン５，６及び７
がそれぞれ設けられている。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which rotary separation type two-phase flow turbines 5, 6 and 7 are connected to geothermal wells 1, 2 and 3 via piping 4, respectively.
are provided for each.
この回転分離式二相流タービンは後述する構造
を有しており、地熱二相流を蒸気と熱水とに分離
する機能があり、蒸気は配管８で、また熱水は配
管９を経由して発電所１０に輸送される。 This rotary separation type two-phase flow turbine has the structure described later, and has the function of separating geothermal two-phase flow into steam and hot water. Steam is passed through pipe 8, and hot water is passed through pipe 9. and transported to the power plant 10.
第２図Ａは二相流タービンの概略構造を示す断
面図、第２図Ｂは回転分離器部分の断面図であ
る。 FIG. 2A is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of a two-phase flow turbine, and FIG. 2B is a sectional view of a rotary separator portion.
回転分離式二相流タービン５は、ケーシング２
０の内部に回転分離器２１（ロータ）を軸２２に
よつて回転自在に支持し、ノズル２３より地熱二
相流Ｈを前記回転分離器２１に向かつて噴出し、
この回転分離器２１を駆動すると共にこの回転分
離器２１の円筒壁２４の内部には地熱二相流Ｈの
熱水Ｗが付着し、蒸気Ｓは分離して排出口２５よ
り排出される。一方熱水Ｗは、この熱水中に先端
部が浸漬されたデイフユーザ２６によつて掬い上
げられてケーシング２０より外に排出される。 The rotationally separated two-phase flow turbine 5 has a casing 2
A rotary separator 21 (rotor) is rotatably supported inside the rotary separator 21 by a shaft 22, and a geothermal two-phase flow H is ejected from a nozzle 23 toward the rotary separator 21,
As the rotary separator 21 is driven, the hot water W of the geothermal two-phase flow H adheres to the inside of the cylindrical wall 24 of the rotary separator 21, and the steam S is separated and discharged from the discharge port 25. On the other hand, the hot water W is scooped up and discharged from the casing 20 by a diffuser 26 whose tip is immersed in the hot water.
この二相流タービン５の構造に関しては、本発
明では限定しないが、二相流タービンの基本的な
構造としては特願昭57−23201号公報では提案さ
れている。 Although the structure of the two-phase flow turbine 5 is not limited in the present invention, the basic structure of a two-phase flow turbine is proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 57-23201.
本発明は前記のように回転分離式二相流タービ
ンの蒸気と熱水との分離機能を有効に利用し、地
熱井の近傍においてこの回転分離式二相流タービ
ンに地熱二相流を供給して蒸気部分と熱水の部分
の二相に分離し、それぞれを消費地である発電所
に供給するように構成した点に特徴がある。 As described above, the present invention effectively utilizes the steam and hot water separation function of a rotary separation type two-phase flow turbine, and supplies geothermal two-phase flow to this rotary separation type two-phase flow turbine in the vicinity of a geothermal well. It is characterized by its structure in that it is separated into two phases, a steam part and a hot water part, and each is supplied to the power plant where it is consumed.
この二相流タービンは第２図に示すように、地
熱二相流Ｈを回転分離器２４に噴射することによ
つてこの回転分離器２４を高速で回転し、その間
に蒸気Ｓと熱水Ｗとに分離するが、この分離中に
は熱水Ｗに強い遠心力が作用しているので熱水Ｗ
の圧力が回転分離器２４の回転に応じて上昇す
る。 As shown in FIG. 2, this two-phase flow turbine rotates the rotary separator 24 at high speed by injecting the geothermal two-phase flow H into the rotary separator 24, during which steam S and hot water W However, during this separation, a strong centrifugal force is acting on the hot water W, so the hot water W
The pressure increases as the rotary separator 24 rotates.
この熱水Ｗの圧力上昇は多段タービンポンプを
使用した場合に相当するものであつて3000トンの
熱水Ｗを水柱150ｍ輸送する際には、約2000馬力
で駆動されるタービンポンプを使用する必要があ
る。 This pressure increase of hot water W is equivalent to the case when a multi-stage turbine pump is used, and when transporting 3000 tons of hot water W for 150 meters in a water column, it is necessary to use a turbine pump driven at approximately 2000 horsepower. There is.
然し、本発明においては一定蒸気圧にまで減圧
する際のエネルギーを利用して回転分離式二相流
タービンのロータである回転分離器２４によつて
熱水Ｗを加圧するので、前記のように多段タービ
ンポンプを必要とすることなく、熱水Ｗを高圧に
昇圧することができる。 However, in the present invention, the hot water W is pressurized by the rotary separator 24, which is the rotor of the rotary separation type two-phase flow turbine, using the energy generated when the pressure is reduced to a constant steam pressure. The hot water W can be pressurized to high pressure without requiring a multi-stage turbine pump.
本発明は、前記のように二相流タービン使用し
て二相流を蒸気と熱水とに分離して移送するの
で、次の如き作用効果を奏することができる。 As described above, the present invention uses a two-phase flow turbine to separate the two-phase flow into steam and hot water and transfer the two-phase flow, so that the following effects can be achieved.
(イ) 熱水あるいは二相流を輸送する場合には熱水
の重量がある点と、圧力が低いという点とに鑑
み、輸送配管の傾斜を十分考慮して配管する必
要があり、そのため必要以上に長い配管を必要
としたが、本発明においては回転分離式二相流
タービン中において熱水を十分に加圧するの
で、配管上のヘツド差を考慮する必要がなく、
地形の起伏に関係なく可能になり、従つて配管
の長さを最短にすることができる。(b) When transporting hot water or two-phase flow, taking into account the weight of the hot water and the low pressure, it is necessary to carefully consider the slope of the transport piping. Although longer piping was required as described above, in the present invention, the hot water is sufficiently pressurized in the rotary separation type two-phase flow turbine, so there is no need to consider the head difference on the piping.
This is possible regardless of the undulations of the terrain, and therefore the length of piping can be minimized.
(ロ) 熱水Ｗが回転分離式タービン５の回転分離器
２１（ロータ）によつて昇圧されて高圧となつ
ているので、配管内を高速で流動させることが
でき、従つて従来の輸送方法の場合の配管内の
熱水の流速より遥かに流速を高めることが可能
であり、その配管の径を小径とすることができ
る。このことは重要であつて、配管の径を小径
とすると共に、前記(イ)の効果によつて配管の長
さを短縮することができるので、配管コストを
かなり低下することが可能である。(b) Since the hot water W is pressurized by the rotary separator 21 (rotor) of the rotary separation type turbine 5 and has a high pressure, it can be made to flow in the pipes at high speed, and therefore, it can be flowed at high speed, which is different from the conventional transportation method. It is possible to make the flow rate of hot water much higher than the flow rate of hot water in the piping in the case of , and the diameter of the piping can be made small. This is important because the diameter of the piping can be made small and the length of the piping can be shortened due to the effect of (a) above, so it is possible to considerably reduce the piping cost.
(ハ) 地熱井の近傍に回転分離式二相流タービンを
設置して、この地熱二相流によつてタービンを
駆動して熱水を昇圧して輸送するので、タービ
ン自体がポンプの機能を有しており、従つて地
熱井の近傍には熱水輸送用のポンプやこのポン
プを制御する各種の装置を必要とない。(c) A rotary separation type two-phase flow turbine is installed near the geothermal well, and this geothermal two-phase flow drives the turbine to pressurize and transport hot water, so the turbine itself functions as a pump. Therefore, there is no need for a pump for transporting hot water or various devices for controlling this pump in the vicinity of the geothermal well.
(ニ) 回転分離式二相流タービンは、サイクロンセ
パレータに比較して地熱二相流の処理量で比較
した場合には遥かに処理能力があるので、小型
化できるので、地熱井における設備を小型化す
ることが可能である。(iv) A rotary separation type two-phase flow turbine has a far greater processing capacity than a cyclone separator in terms of throughput of geothermal two-phase flow, and can be made smaller, so equipment in geothermal wells can be made smaller. It is possible to convert
第１図は本発明に係る地熱二相流の分離・輸送
装置を示す概略図、第２図は二相流タービンの概
略図である。
１，２，３……地熱井、５，６，７……回転分
離式タービン、８……蒸気配管、９……熱水配
管、２０……ケーシング、２１……回転分離器、
２２……軸、２３……ノズル、２４……円周壁、
２５……排出口、２６……デイフユーザー。
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a geothermal two-phase flow separation/transport device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-phase flow turbine. 1, 2, 3... Geothermal well, 5, 6, 7... Rotating separation turbine, 8... Steam piping, 9... Hot water piping, 20... Casing, 21... Rotating separator,
22... shaft, 23... nozzle, 24... circumferential wall,
25...Exhaust port, 26...Diff user.
Claims (1)
離式二相流タービンを配置し、前記地熱井から生
産された蒸気と熱水との混合流体を、前記回転分
離器内に導入して、該回転分離器を駆動するとと
もに蒸気と熱水とを分離し、かつ遠心力により熱
水を加圧し、該加圧された熱水と前記蒸気とを
夫々独立した配管によつて消費地まで輸送するこ
とを特徴とする地熱二相流の輸送方法。1. A rotary separation type two-phase flow turbine equipped with a built-in rotary separator is arranged near a geothermal well, and a mixed fluid of steam and hot water produced from the geothermal well is introduced into the rotary separator, Drives the rotary separator, separates steam and hot water, pressurizes the hot water by centrifugal force, and transports the pressurized hot water and the steam to the consumption area through independent piping. A geothermal two-phase flow transportation method characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58047855A JPS59173571A (en) | 1983-03-24 | 1983-03-24 | Transportation of terrestrial-heat two-phase flow |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58047855A JPS59173571A (en) | 1983-03-24 | 1983-03-24 | Transportation of terrestrial-heat two-phase flow |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59173571A JPS59173571A (en) | 1984-10-01 |
| JPH021987B2 true JPH021987B2 (en) | 1990-01-16 |
Family
ID=12786980
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58047855A Granted JPS59173571A (en) | 1983-03-24 | 1983-03-24 | Transportation of terrestrial-heat two-phase flow |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59173571A (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5848732B2 (en) * | 1976-01-29 | 1983-10-31 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Electric power generation method and device |
| JPS5815702A (en) * | 1981-07-21 | 1983-01-29 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | Hot water storage electricity generation equipment |
-
1983
- 1983-03-24 JP JP58047855A patent/JPS59173571A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59173571A (en) | 1984-10-01 |
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