JPH0220230A - Breeding of cold water fish and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To surely prevent the outbreak of viral diseases and improve the yield of breeding by keeping the water temperature to a relatively high specific level in the breeding of a cold water fish living in a cold water such as rainbow trout, char and trout in a breeding apparatus. CONSTITUTION:A cold water fish living in a cold water (e.g. rainbow trout, char and trout) is bred in a breeding tank 2. The water in the breeding tank is forcibly circulated along a circulation path 3 with a circulation pump 4, the solid materials in the circulating water is removed with a filter 5 and the organic materials in the circulating water is removed by a biological treatment tank 6. The water retained in the biological treatment tank 6 is circulated to a heating means 8 with a subsidiary circulation pump 15 and heated at about 30 deg.C. The sundry germs in the circulating water treated in the biological treatment tank 6 to eliminate the organic material is exterminated by a germicidal lamp 7 and the circulating water cooled to about 20 deg.C is circulated to the breeding tank 2 to breed the cold water fish.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a breeding method for breeding cold water fish such as rainbow trout, rockfish, mountain fish, etc., and a cold water fish breeding machine using the method.

[Prior Art] The present inventors have already developed a breeding machine (Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 109728/1983) for breeding cold water fish such as rainbow trout, rockfish, and wild fish.

This breeding machine has a structure that repeatedly purifies and regenerates the water in the breeding tank in which cold-water fish are placed, and can significantly save water used for breeding cold-water fish.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, when breeding cold water fish using the above-mentioned breeding machine, the water used for breeding cold water fish is repeatedly purified and regenerated to be used as water for breeding cold water fish. Compared to the traditional method of raising cold water fish, in which cold water fish are reared in fresh underground water or fresh water flowing into the water, in other words, the water used for rearing cold water fish is discarded after one use, Infectious cold water fish
s Pancreatic Necrosis (Japanese name: Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis), IHN (Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis)
ous Hematopoietic Necrosi
Viral diseases such as infectious hematopoietic necrosis (Japanese name: infectious hematopoietic necrosis) were likely to occur.

Furthermore, even in the conventional method of breeding cold water fish in which fresh underground water is discarded after one use, viral diseases such as IPN and IHN are likely to occur in the cold water fish being kept.

Therefore, as a result of intensive research, the present inventors found that the water temperature was 11°.
When we raised the above-mentioned rainbow trout, rockfish, important cultural heritage, and other cold-water fish that are said to live in cold water at around 20°C to 14°C, we found that they were kept at this high water temperature. We discovered that viral diseases such as IPN and IHN rarely occur in cold-water fish raised in water, and all cold-water fish grow vigorously. Based on the above findings, we developed a method for breeding cold water fish, which is said to live in cold water, in water that maintains a high water temperature while accurately preventing the outbreak of viral diseases, and using this method. Developed a cold water fish breeding machine.

That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for breeding cold water fish that can accurately prevent the occurrence of viral diseases in cold water fish during breeding;
It is an object of the present invention to provide a cold-water fish breeding machine using the method, in which water used for breeding cold-water fish is repeatedly filtered and regenerated and used for breeding cold-water fish.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the method for breeding cold water fish of the present invention involves raising cold water fish such as rainbow trout, rockfish, and important cultural heritage, which live in cold water.
It is characterized by being reared in water maintained at a water temperature of around 20°C.

In addition, the cold water fish breeding machine of the present invention has a breeding tank 2 containing water 1 in which cold water fish such as rainbow trout, rockfish, and important cultural property are kept as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. a circulation path 3 that circulates the water 1 in the breeding tank 2 both inside and outside the breeding tank 2; and a circulation pump 4 that forcibly circulates the water 1 in the breeding tank 2 along the circulation path 3. a filter 5 for removing solid matter from the water 1 circulating through the circulation path 3; and a biological treatment tank 6 for removing organic matter from the water 1 circulating through the circulation path 3 from which the solid matter has been removed by the filter 5. , a breeding machine equipped with a germicidal lamp 7 that kills bacteria in the water 1 circulating through the circulation path 3 from which organic matter has been removed in the biological treatment tank 6, the water 1 remaining in the biological treatment tank 6 is It is characterized by being equipped with a heating means 8 for heating to a high temperature state.

[Function] In the cold water fish breeding method of the present invention, the water temperature is set to 20°C.
Cold-water fish were raised in water that was kept at high temperatures before and after.

Therefore, in water maintained at a high temperature of around 20'C, the vigor of virus bacteria that cause viral diseases such as IPN and IHN that live in the bodies of cold water fish is weakened.

Then, the virus bacteria whose vitality has weakened forms antibodies in the bodies of cold-water fish kept in water kept at the same high temperature. It is presumed that this antibody prevents cold water fish kept in water kept at the above-mentioned high temperature from contracting viral diseases such as IPN and IHN.

In addition, in the cold water fish breeding machine of the present invention having the above configuration, when the circulation pump 4 is operated, the water 1 contained in the breeding tank 2
is circulated inside and outside of the breeding tank 2 through the circulation path 3.

When the water 1 in the rearing tank 2 circulates through the circulation path 3, the filter 5 removes solids such as fish excrement from the water 1 circulating through the circulation path 3, and the biological treatment tank Water 1 that circulates through the circulation path 3 due to bacteria living in 6.
Organic substances such as ammonia nitrogen are decomposed and removed. In addition, organic matter is removed in the biological treatment tank 6 by the germicidal lamp 7, and germs in the water circulating in the circulation path 3 are killed. The filter 5, the biological treatment tank 6, and the germicidal lamp 7 remove solid matter and organic matter, and the purified and regenerated water 1, in which germs are killed, is repeatedly supplied into the breeding tank 2 through the circulation path 3. Ru. Then, the supplied water 1 is used as water 1 in a breeding tank 2 in which cold water fish are placed and bred.

At this time, the heating means 8 heats the water 1 remaining in the biological treatment tank 6 to a predetermined high temperature state of around 20°C, for example higher than 19°C to 21°C.

Then, the high-temperature water 1 heated to the predetermined temperature is supplied from the biological treatment tank 6 through the circulation path 3 into the breeding tank 2 while being sterilized by the germicidal lamp 7.

Then, the supplied water 1 heated to a predetermined high temperature state
As a result, the water 1 contained in the rearing tank 2 has a high water temperature of around 20°C, for example, 196°C to 21°C.

At the same time, as the water 1 staying in the biological treatment tank 6 is heated to a predetermined high temperature, the activity of bacteria living in the biological treatment tank 6 becomes active, and the bacteria cause the inside of the biological treatment tank 6 to increase. All organic substances remaining in the water 1 that remains in the water are quickly and accurately decomposed and removed.

[Example] Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 show a preferred embodiment of the cold water fish breeding machine of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the schematic structure of the breeding machine, and FIG. 2 shows the schematic structure of the breeding machine. The front view and FIG. 3 are perspective views of the vicinity of the heating means provided in the breeding machine.

The embodiment shown in the above figure will be described below.

In the figure, 2 is a breeding tank containing water 1 for breeding cold water fish such as rainbow trout, rockfish, and mountain fish.

This breeding tank 2 has a wide (open) upper end, and a bottom surface 2a that is inclined toward the front.

In addition, a plurality of partition plates 9 are provided in the horizontal direction within the breeding tank 2.
are installed across the breeding tank 2 at predetermined intervals. Then, the lower edge of the partition plate 9 and the inner bottom surface 2 of the rearing tank.
A gap 10 of a predetermined width is provided between the

Further, a circulation path 3 consisting of a circulation pipe 11 or the like extending between the front end and the rear end of the breeding tank 2 and circulating the water 1 contained in the breeding tank 2 inside and outside the breeding tank 2 can be provided. be.

In the middle of the circulation path 3 located near the rear end of the rearing tank 2, there is a filter 5 for removing solid matter such as fish excrement from the water 1 circulating through the circulation path 3. Biological treatment tanks 6 for removing organic substances such as ammonia nitrogen in the water 1 are sequentially provided in the direction in which the water 1 circulates.

As shown in FIG. 2, etc., the biological treatment tank 6 has a wide opening at the upper end, and inside thereof, chemical fiber mats 12 are laminated in many layers in a lattice pattern. are inhabited by aerobic bacteria.

In addition, the water 1 in the breeding tank 2 is passed through the circulation path 3 to the middle part of the circulation vibrator 11 that communicates the front end of the breeding tank 2 forming the circulation path 3 with the inside of the filter 5. A circulation pump 4 is provided for forced circulation.

Further, a plurality of gutters 13 having a U-shaped cross section and forming the circulation path 3 are installed between the upper edge of the biological treatment tank 6 and the upper edge of the rear end of the rearing tank 2. Then, the water 1 from which the organic matter remaining in the biological treatment tank 6 has been removed leaks from the upper edge of the biological treatment tank 6 into the gutter 13 and circulates through the gutter 13 into the rearing tank 2. It is configured as follows.

Further, above the gutter 13 whose upper end is wide open, a plurality of germicidal lamps 7 are arranged and installed across the gutter 13.

The above is the same as the conventional cold water fish breeding machine described in JP-A No. 63-109728, but in the breeding machine of the present invention, the water 1 remaining in the biological treatment tank 6 is further reduced to a predetermined amount. It is equipped with heating means 8 for heating to a high temperature.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the water 1 remaining in the biological treatment tank 6 is removed from the upper part of the biological treatment tank 6 and near the rear end of the gutter 13 forming the circulation path 3. It is equipped with a bypass circulation pipe 14 that circulates the air inside and out. Then, at the water intake port 14a of the bypass circulation pipe,
A bypass circulation pipe 1 is used to remove water 1 that remains in the biological treatment tank 6.
A sub-circulation pump 15 is provided for forced circulation inside and outside the biological treatment tank 6 through the inside of the biological treatment tank 6. Further, a heater 16 such as a boiler is provided in the middle of the bypass circulation pipe 14 to heat the water 1 circulating in the bypass circulation pipe 14 to a predetermined temperature.

Here, the heating means 8 may be a pipe heater or the like that is provided in the biological treatment tank 6 and directly heats the water 1 staying in the biological treatment tank 6.

In addition, in the embodiment shown in the figure, in order to accurately maintain the temperature of the water 1 contained in the breeding tank 2, etc., the above-mentioned breeding tank 2, filter 5, biological treatment tank 6, and above are sterilized. The entire breeding machine, consisting of the gutter 13 with the light 7 installed, is housed in a vinyl house 17.
It is housed inside.

The cold water fish breeding machine shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is constructed as described above.

Next, a case will be described in which cold-water fish such as rainbow trout, rockfish, and white fish are raised by the breeding method of the present invention using the breeding machine configured as described above.

In the breeding machine described above, the circulation pump 4 is activated. The water 1 contained in the breeding tank 2 is forced to circulate inside and outside the breeding tank 2 through the circulation pipe 11 forming the circulation path 3, the filter 5, the biological treatment tank 6, and the gutter 13.

Then, when the solid matter such as fish excrement in the water 1 circulating through the circulation path 3 passes through the filter 5, it is removed by the filter material in the filter 5. At the same time, organic substances such as ammonia nitrogen in the water 1 circulating in the circulation path 3,
When passing through the biological treatment tank 6, aerobic bacteria living in the chemical fiber mat 12 inside the biological treatment tank 6
Decomposed and removed. Furthermore, when the organic matter is decomposed and removed in the biological treatment tank 6 and the water 1 circulates in the gutter 13 forming the circulation path 3, various bacteria contained in the water 1 circulate in the gutter 13. They are killed by the erected germicidal lamp 7. Then, by the filter 5, biological treatment tank 6, and germicidal lamp 7,
The purified and regenerated water 1, in which solid matter and organic matter have been removed and germs have been killed, is passed through a gutter 13 forming a circulation path 3 to a breeding tank 2 near the rear end of the breeding tank 2, in which a chain gutter 13 is installed. supplied inward. Then, the supplied water 1 is transferred to the bottom surface 2.
The gap 10 between the bottom edge of the plurality of partition plates 9 provided across the breeding tank 2 and the bottom surface 2a of the breeding tank is sewn along the inside of the breeding tank 2, which is tilted toward the front. Well, breeding tank 2
It flows inside towards the front.

Then, the water 1 that has reached the front end of the rearing tank 2 flows out into the circulation vibrator 11 forming the circulation path 3 again.

At this time, the water 1 remaining in the biological treatment tank 6 is heated by the heating means 8. Specifically, the sub-circulation pump 15 and heater 16 that form the heating means 8 are activated.

Then, the sub-circulation pump 15 circulates the water 1 from which the organic matter remaining in the upper part of the biological treatment tank 6 has been removed, through the bypass circulation pipe 14 forming the heating means 8 . The water 1 circulating within the bypass circulation pipe 14 is heated to a predetermined high temperature state, such as around 30'C, by the heater 16 forming the heating means 8. Then, the heated water 1 is supplied through the bypass circulation pipe 14 to a portion near the tip of the biological treatment tank 6 where a gutter 13 is installed. Then, the supplied water 1 heated to a predetermined high temperature state mixes with the water 1 circulating in the gutter 13. Then, the water 1 circulating in the gutter 13 reaches a predetermined high temperature state. Then, the water 1 in the high temperature state is supplied into the breeding tank 2, and the water 1 flowing inside the breeding tank 2 from the front end to the rear end is heated to a temperature of about 20°C, for example, 19°C to 21°C
The water temperature is maintained at a high temperature.

Then, if cold water fish such as rainbow trout, rockfish, and white fish are raised in the water 1 flowing from the front end to the rear end of the breeding tank 2, the cold water fish can be raised for 20 minutes using the breeding method of the present invention. They can be reared in water maintained at a water temperature of around 19°C to 21°C.

According to experiments, if cold water fish are raised in water maintained at a high water temperature of 19°C to 21°C, the cold water fish will
Accurately prevents contracting viral diseases such as N, rHN, etc.
It was confirmed that all the cold water fish grew smoothly and the yield from eggs to 2g fry when breeding cold water fish was improved to about 90%.

In addition, the number of days that cold-water fish are fed takes 7 to 10 days when kept in water maintained at a water temperature of around 12°C (conventionally), but when kept at a high temperature of 196°C to 21°C according to the present invention. It was confirmed that when reared in water, the time could be reduced to 3 days.

Furthermore, it was confirmed that the cold-water fish were able to eat food better, and all the cold-water fish being kept were growing smoothly. As a result, it was confirmed that variations in the body size of cold-water fish during breeding can be suppressed to a minimum, and that the breeding period for cold-water fish can be shortened.

In addition, in the above-mentioned breeding machine, by heating the water 1 in the biological treatment tank 6 using the heating means 8, the water 1 in the breeding tank 2 is indirectly heated to around 20°C, for example, 196C to 21°C.
The water temperature was maintained at a high temperature.

Therefore, the temperature of the water 1 remaining in the biological treatment tank 6 rises, and the activity of bacteria living in the chemical fiber mat 12 in the biological treatment tank 6 becomes active. Organic substances such as ammonia nitrogen in the water 1 remaining in the biological treatment tank 6 are completely decomposed and removed by the bacteria. Therefore, it was confirmed that the residual concentration of organic matter components in the water 1 in the breeding tank 2 was reduced compared to the conventional breeding machine.

In addition, the cold water fish being reared in the water 1 in the rearing tank 2,
It was confirmed that, compared to the case where the water 1 in the rearing tank 2 is directly heated, all the animals grew smoothly without being directly affected by the heating means 8.

Furthermore, the method for breeding cold-water fish of the present invention can also be used in conventional breeding methods for breeding cold-water fish such as rainbow trout, rockfish, and whitefish in water that drains underground water or spring water.

Next, a method for breeding cold water fish in water flowing with underground water or spring water will be described using the cold water fish breeding method of the present invention.

A heater (not shown) such as a pipe heater is placed along the dripping water. Then, using the heater, the temperature of the flowing water is maintained at a high temperature of around 20° C., for example, 19° C. to 2 pic C. Cold-water fish such as rainbow trout, rockfish, and whitefish are raised in the flowing water maintained at the high temperature.

Then, in the same way as using the above-mentioned breeding machine, the cold-water fish kept in the dripping water can be accurately prevented from contracting viral diseases such as IPN and IHN, and the yield when breeding cold-water fish can be greatly increased. can be improved. In addition, it is possible to shorten the number of feeding days for the cold water fish being raised, improve the eating habits of the cold water fish being raised, and suppress variations in the fish bodies.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the cold water fish breeding method of the present invention, cold water fish can be bred while accurately preventing the cold water fish from contracting viral diseases such as ■PN1■HN. It is possible to significantly improve the yield when manufacturing.

In addition, the number of days that cold water fish are fed can be shortened. Furthermore, it is possible to improve the eating habits of cold-water fish, shorten the number of days required for rearing cold-water fish, and reduce variations in the body size of cold-water fish during rearing.

Further, according to the cold water fish breeding machine of the present invention, by using the above breeding method of the present invention, it is possible to grow all cold water fish smoothly without causing viral diseases such as IPN and IHN to occur in the cold water fish. can. In addition, the yield when breeding cold water fish can be significantly improved. In addition, the number of days that cold water fish are fed can be shortened. Furthermore, it is possible to improve the eating habits of cold-water fish, shorten the number of days required for rearing cold-water fish, and reduce variations in the body size of cold-water fish during rearing. In addition, the activity of bacteria living in the chemical fiber mat in the biological treatment tank can be activated, and the residual concentration of organic matter in the water in the breeding tank, which can have a negative impact on cold-water fish, can be kept low.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the schematic structure of the cold water fish breeding machine of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view showing the schematic structure of the cold water fish breeding machine of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the schematic structure of the cold water fish breeding machine of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of the heating means. 1. Water, 2. Breeding tank, 3. Circulation path, 4. Circulation pump, 5. Filter, 6. Biological treatment tank, 7. Germicidal lamp, 8. Heating means, 9.・Partition plate, 11...Circulation pipe, 12...Chemical fiber mat, 1
3...Gutter, 14...Bypass circulation pipe, 15...
Sub-circulation pump, 16...heater.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Cold-water fish that live in cold water, such as rainbow trout, rockfish, and mountain women,
A method for raising cold water fish, which is characterized by raising them in water maintained at a water temperature of around 20°C. 2. A breeding tank containing water for breeding cold-water fish such as rainbow trout, rockfish, and mountain girls, a circulation path for circulating the water in the breeding tank inside and outside the breeding tank, and a circulation path for the circulation path. A circulation pump that forcibly circulates the water in the breeding tank along the line, a filter that removes solid matter from the water circulating through the circulation path, and a filter that removes solid matter from the water that circulates through the circulation path. In a breeding machine equipped with a biological treatment tank to remove organic matter and a germicidal lamp to kill bacteria in the water circulating through the circulation path from which organic matter has been removed in the biological treatment tank, the water remaining in the biological treatment tank is heated to a predetermined high temperature. A cold-water fish breeding machine characterized by being equipped with a heating means for heating the fish to the desired temperature.