JPH0221437B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a lubricant used when processing metals, and more particularly to a lubricant used when processing stainless steel and non-ferrous metals, such as aluminum, copper, and their alloys, particularly during cold rolling. It is something. Generally, metal processing methods include rolling, drawing, pressing, cutting, drawing, and eyeloning, and lubricants suitable for each method are used. In particular, hot rolling and cold rolling are performed in the rolling process of metal, that is, rolling metal with a rolling machine to make a thin metal plate, and various lubricants are used in cold rolling. There is. Lubricants are also used in hot rolling for aluminum and its alloys. In cold rolling of metal, the metal plate is often annealed to reduce its hardness in order to prevent hardening of the processed surface after rolling. The properties required of a lubricant used in such metal processing, especially in cold rolling of metals, are good rolling properties, that is, high oiliness and oil film strength, good cooling properties, and The finished surface (glossy) must be good, the lubricant must be stable, safe and have a long service life, it must adhere well and evenly to the metal surface, the lubrication must be easy and economical, and the lubricant must be stable, safe and have a long service life. These include not producing hard-to-remove dirt called oil stain, and not causing rust on metal materials and rolling mill parts.
In recent years, cold rolling mills have become faster and the deformation heat and frictional heat generated during plastic working have increased, so cooling performance and heat safety have become particularly important among the properties required of lubricants. . Conventionally, low-viscosity mineral oils have been used as lubricants for cold rolling because the lower the viscosity, the greater the cooling properties.However, low-viscosity mineral oils also have a low flash point, which poses a risk of fire during high-speed rolling. There is sex. Therefore, taking advantage of water's excellent fire safety and cooling properties, mineral oil-based or oil-based soluble oils are used, which are made by dispersing or emulsifying low-viscosity mineral oil, palm oil, beef tallow, or other fats and oils in water. I started it. For example, mineral oil-based soluble oil is made by mixing low-viscosity mineral oil with an emulsifier and adding it to water, stirring and mixing. However, mineral oil-based soluble oils have poor lubricity, and various additives, particularly metal additives, may cause oil stains during the annealing process, which is considered a major drawback. On the other hand, oil-based soluble oils are also widely used and are attracting attention for their excellent lubricity, but they have the disadvantage that a uniform emulsion cannot be obtained unless the oil is supplied while being constantly heated and stirred during use. Further, cleaning methods for preventing oil stains include alkaline, solvent, and electrolytic cleaning, but these methods require considerable equipment and labor, but have not yet achieved a sufficient cleaning effect. The present inventors have conducted extensive research to solve the above-mentioned problems with conventionally known lubricants for metal processing, particularly lubricants for metal cold rolling, and have completed the present invention. The present invention has extremely good cooling properties and fire prevention properties during high-speed rolling in metal processing, particularly cold rolling of metals, has excellent rolling properties and rust prevention properties, and has little oil stain generation due to annealing treatment. A metal that has various characteristics such as an extremely good surface condition after rolling.
The object is to provide a lubricant for metal processing, especially stainless steel and non-ferrous metals such as copper, aluminum and their alloys. That is, the present invention includes two inventions, and the specific invention is: (a) 100 parts by weight of an aliphatic monohydric alcohol having 8 to 22 carbon atoms; (b) 0 to 0 mineral oil having a viscosity of 1.5 to 35 cst at 40°C.
(c) A lubricant stock solution containing 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, its anhydride, or its ester, and 4 to 1000 times the weight of water. The second invention provides a lubricant for metal working, characterized in that: (a) 100 parts by weight of aliphatic monohydric alcohol having 8 to 22 carbon atoms; (b) 40 parts by weight of aliphatic monohydric alcohol having 8 to 22 carbon atoms Mineral oil with a viscosity of 1.5 to 35 cst at °C
800 parts by weight, (c) 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, its anhydride or its ester, (d) 1 to 100 parts by weight of polybutene with a number average molecular weight of 250 to 3000. 250
The present invention provides a lubricant for metal working, characterized in that a lubricant stock solution containing 4 parts by weight is dispersed in 4 to 1000 times the weight of water. Hereinafter, the metal working lubricant according to the present invention will be explained in more detail. Component (a) as used in the present invention refers to aliphatic monohydric alcohols having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof. As the aliphatic alcohol, any of saturated alcohols, unsaturated alcohols, and mixtures thereof can be used, but saturated alcohols are preferred from the viewpoint of thermal stability. Further, as the aliphatic alcohol, any of straight chain alcohols, branched alcohols, and mixtures thereof can be used. Can be used in the present invention
Examples of the alcohol component (a) include octyl alcohol, nonyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, undecyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol (lauryl alcohol), tridecyl alcohol,
Tetradecyl alcohol (myristyl alcohol), pentadecyl alcohol, hexadecyl alcohol (cetyl alcohol), heptadecyl alcohol, octadecyl alcohol (stearyl alcohol), eicosyl alcohol, docosyl alcohol, octadecenyl alcohol (oleyl alcohol), octadecyl alcohol Examples include decatrienyl alcohol (linoleyl alcohol) and mixtures thereof. As the alcohol of component (a) in the present invention, alcohols manufactured by any method, whether natural or synthetic, can be used. Examples include sodium reduction and/or hydrogenation of natural fats and oils such as coconut oil and beef tallow. Mixed alcohols obtained by the method, oxo alcohols synthesized by the oxo method, synthetic alcohols derived from ethylene and metal alkyl by the Ziegler method, etc. can be used. In the present invention, the aliphatic monohydric alcohol used as component (a) must have 8 to 22 carbon atoms, and those with more than 22 carbon atoms are solid even at room temperature and have poor workability. Moreover, oil stains are likely to occur during annealing.
Further, those having less than 8 carbon atoms have poor rolling properties and have a irritating odor, resulting in poor workability. Furthermore, if this component (a) is not used, the rolling properties of the lubricant will decrease, and the water dispersibility of the lubricant stock solution will also deteriorate, which is not preferable. Component (b) in the present invention is 1.5 to 1.5 at 40°C.
Mineral oil having a viscosity range of 35 cst, preferably 2.0 to 15 cst. As the mineral oil for component (b), any type of mineral oil can be used as long as it is within the above viscosity range, but usually the lubricating oil fraction obtained by distilling crude oil is subjected to any refining treatment, such as using a solvent. It is preferable to use mineral oils obtained through refining, sulfuric acid treatment, hydrogenation refining, clay treatment, etc. The amount of component (b) is 0 per 100 parts by weight of component (a).
~800 parts by weight, preferably 30-300 parts by weight, more preferably 50-150 parts by weight. Component (b) does not necessarily need to be used, but within the above range.
By adding it to component (a), the viscosity of the lubricant can be adjusted, and the adhesion between the rolling mill roll and the metal plate can be further improved in the rolling process. However, if the blending amount of component (b) exceeds the above range, rolling properties will deteriorate, oil stains are likely to occur due to annealing treatment, and water dispersibility of the lubricant stock solution will also deteriorate, which is not preferable. Component (c) in the present invention refers to an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably 9 to 20 carbon atoms, an anhydride thereof, an ester thereof, or a mixture thereof. be. Succinic acid is particularly preferably used as the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid. When succinic acid is used as the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, the anhydride of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms as component (c) in the present invention is represented by the following general formula. It is a chemical compound. (In the formula, R has 8 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably 9 to 20 carbon atoms.
represents an alkyl group or an alkenyl group. ) Also, the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms or its ester is a compound represented by the following general formula. (In the formula, R represents the same alkyl group or alkenyl group as above. R′ and R″ may be the same or different, and may be hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or

[Formula] is shown. However, R represents hydrogen or a methyl group, and n represents an integer of 1 to 5. ) In the above formula, any R (alkyl group or alkenyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms) can be used, but those made from oligomers of propylene or butene or those made from linear olefins are suitable. preferable. Further, as the ester, either diester or monoester (half ester) can be used, but it is more preferable to use monoester from the viewpoint of rust prevention. Particularly preferred compounds as component (c) in the present invention are alkyl succinic acids, alkenyl succinic acids, these acids and ethylene glycol,
Propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, esters with polypropylene glycol, and mixtures thereof. The blending amount of component (c) is 0.1 per 100 parts by weight of component (a).
~100 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 4 to 20 parts by weight. If component (c) is not used, or if the amount of component (c) is less than the above range, the rust prevention properties of the lubricant will be weak, causing rust to form on the equipment around the rolling mill, and resulting in poor rolling properties. This is not preferable because it lowers the temperature. On the other hand, even if the blending amount of component (c) exceeds the above range, the antirust properties and rolling properties of the lubricant will not change much, so there is no need to use such a large amount of component (c). In addition, component (d), which is an essential component of the second invention of the present invention, has a number average molecular weight of 250 to 3000, preferably 1000 to 3000.
2500 polybutene. This polybutene is a colorless or slightly yellow transparent liquid polymer obtained by polymerizing an isobutylene-n-butylene mixture mainly composed of isobutylene, and generally commercially available polybutene can be used in the present invention. Further, as component (d), it is also possible to use hydrogenated polybutene, which is made into a saturated hydrocarbon by hydrogenating the terminal double bonds of polybutene using a known method such as a nickel or nickel molybdate catalyst. Even if only a predetermined amount of the components (a) to (c), which are essential components of the specific invention of the present invention, are blended, the lubricant stock solution can be dispersed in water to produce a metalworking lubricant that satisfies various performance requirements. However, by further blending a predetermined amount of polybutene as component (d), a metal working lubricant with improved rolling properties can be obtained. If the number average molecular weight of component (d) is less than 250, the lubricant will not have the ability to improve properties such as rollability and lubricity, and if the number average molecular weight exceeds 3000, it will adhere to the rolling roll. This is not preferable because it becomes sticky and oil stains are likely to occur during annealing. The blending amount of component (d) is 1 to 250 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 100 parts by weight, and more preferably 15 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of component (a). If the blending amount of component (d) is less than the above range, there will be no blending effect of component (d), while if the blending amount of component (d) exceeds the above range, the rolling roll will become sticky or the annealing process may be difficult. This is not preferable because oil stains tend to occur and the water dispersibility of the lubricant stock solution deteriorates. The lubricant stock solution as referred to in the present invention is obtained by mixing predetermined amounts of the above-mentioned components (a) to (c) or components (a) to (d). Known lubricating oil additives such as pressure agents, antioxidants and fungicides or preservatives may also be included. Examples of oily agents that can be used in the present invention include higher fatty acids having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, such as caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid, and combinations of these fatty acids with carbon atoms of 1 to 18. 8 with aliphatic alcohols or glycols, such as methyl laurate, butyl laurate, butyl stearate, pentyl oleate, octyl myristylate, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, oleic acid monoglyceride, oleic acid diclyceride In addition, animal oils such as beef tallow, lard, mutton fat, fish oil, and whale oil; vegetable oils such as olive oil, coconut oil, castor oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, and soybean oil; and mixtures thereof. On the other hand, as an extreme pressure agent, for example, n-
Butyl di-n-octyl phosphinate, di-n
- Organic phosphorus compounds such as butylhexyl phosphonate, di-n-butylphenyl phosphonate, tributyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, dibutyl phosphoramidate, amine dibutyl phosphate, and organic compounds such as chlorinated paraffin and chlorinated diphenyl Examples include organic sulfur compounds such as halogen compounds, sulfides, disulfides, and diester disulfides. Examples of antioxidants include aromatic amines such as N,N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine and phenyl-α-naphthylamine, and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol. Examples of bactericidal agents or preservatives include phenolic compounds such as o-phenylphenol and tetrachlorophenol, and formaldehyde donors such as 2-hydroxymethyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol. Examples include compounds. These known lubricating oil additives may be used alone or in combination. The amount of this lubricant additive and mixture thereof can be determined arbitrarily, but it is usually based on 100 parts by weight of the lubricant stock solution.
The amount is 15 parts by weight or less, preferably 10 parts by weight or less. The lubricant for metal processing of the present invention is obtained by dispersing this lubricant stock solution (in some cases also containing the above-mentioned known lubricating oil additives) in water in an amount of 4 to 1000 times by weight, preferably 10 to 100 times by weight. It can be obtained by Any method can be used to disperse the lubricant stock solution in water, and known methods such as line mixing and stirring using a stirrer can be used. The lubricant of the present invention is not limited to this dispersion method. In addition, the lubricant for metal processing of the present invention is not only suitable for cold rolling processing of metals, but also for hot rolling processing, drawing processing,
It is also preferably used as a lubricant in other metal processing such as pressing, cutting, drawing, and eyeloning, and its use is not limited to metal cold rolling. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples. However, the following examples do not limit the present invention in any way. EXAMPLES Metalworking lubricants according to the present invention were prepared as shown in Table 1. For comparison, products without added component (c) (Comparative products 1 and 3) and products similar to the commercially available product (Comparative product 2) were also prepared. Invention product 1
-6 and comparative products 1 to 3 are obtained by dispersing the lubricant stock solution shown in Table 1 in 9 times the weight of water. Next, the results of various tests conducted on products 1 to 6 of the present invention and comparative products 1 to 3 are shown below. 1 Rolling test A rolling test was conducted using a rolling mill using products 1 to 6 of the present invention and comparative products 1 to 3, and the rolling reduction ratio (the difference between the thickness of the metal material before rolling and the thickness of the metal material after rolling) was The rollability was compared by measuring the ratio (divided by the plate thickness and expressed as a percentage).
It shows that the larger the rolling reduction ratio of a lubricant is, the better the metal plate is rolled per rolling load per plate width.
It was determined that the rollability was excellent. Specifications of the rolling mill used Two-high rolling mill Work roll diameter 204mm Width 220mm Rolling speed 100m/min

【table】

[Table] Rolled metal material aluminum plate A1200, H material plate Width 100 mm, plate thickness 0.4 mm, length 300 m Lubricant Lubricant was sprayed onto the aluminum plate and rolled. Figure 1 shows products 1 to 6 of the present invention and comparison. The relationship between the rolling load per sheet width and the rolling reduction ratio is shown for products 1 to 3. 2 Annealing test (judgment of oil stain) Inventive products 1 to 6 and comparative products 1 to 3 were coated on an aluminum plate, and annealing test was performed at 350°C in a nitrogen gas stream for 2 hours.
After time annealing and cooling, comparison and judgment were made based on the oil stain generated on the aluminum plate. Inventive product 1 No oil stains 〃 〃 〃 3 〃 〃 4 〃 〃 5 〃 〃 6 〃 Comparative product 1 Slightly oil stains 〃 2 〃 〃 3 〃 As is clear from the above results, metal processing according to the present invention The lubricant for steel sheets (product of the present invention) has better rolling properties than comparative products, and also has excellent performance in that it does not generate oil stains due to annealing. Furthermore, compared to Inventive Products 1 to 3, Inventive Products 4 to 6 have even better rolling properties, clearly demonstrating the effect of blending polybutene as component (d).

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rolling load per plate width and the rolling reduction ratio in rolling tests of the products 1 to 6 of the present invention and comparative products 1 to 3.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 (a) Aliphatic monohydric alcohol having 8 to 22 carbon atoms
100 parts by weight, (b) Mineral oil with a viscosity of 1.5 to 35 cst at 40°C.
(c) A lubricant stock solution containing 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, its anhydride, or its ester, and 4 to 1000 times the weight of water. A metal processing lubricant characterized by being dispersed in. 2 (a) Aliphatic monohydric alcohol having 8 to 22 carbon atoms
100 parts by weight, (b) Mineral oil with a viscosity of 1.5 to 35 cst at 40°C.
800 parts by weight, (c) 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, its anhydride or its ester, (d) 1 to 100 parts by weight of polybutene having a number average molecular weight of 250 to 3000. 250
A lubricant for metal working, characterized in that a lubricant stock solution containing 4 parts by weight is dispersed in 4 to 1000 times the weight of water.