JPH0222396A - Water-soluble lubricant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a water-soluble lubricant capable of re-circulating and re-using, having excellent resistance to load, resistance to stain of processed surface of metal, cooling properties and fire resistance containing a water-soluble compound of organic sulfonic acid-based compound such as polyalkylene polyamine, etc., as an essential ingredient. CONSTITUTION:The subject lubricant contains (A) a compound of salt comprising sulfonic acid (ester) of an organic compound in which pair ion of 3-200N polyalkylene polyamine or polyalkylene polyimine has aliphatic or aromatic group and/or (B) a compound of salt comprising sulfonic acid (ester) of an organic compound in which pair anion has aliphatic or aromatic group derived from a reaction compound of 3-200N polyalkylene polyamine or polyalkylene polyimine and at least one selected from an aliphatic carboxylic acid, dimeric acid or polymeric acid of aliphatic unsaturated acid, glycidyl ether of aliphatic alcohol or alkylphenol and an epoxy compound of aliphatic olefin as an essential ingredient.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a novel water-soluble metal processing composition, and more particularly to a water-soluble lubricant useful as a lubricant during metal processing such as plastic processing, cutting, and grinding.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional liquid lubricants used in metal plastic working, cutting, grinding, etc. are used, for example, by emulsifying the lubricant in water at a predetermined concentration using an emulsifier such as a surfactant, and applying it to the surface of the workpiece during processing as an emulsion. be done. That is, the liquid lubricant is characterized in that it obtains a lubricating effect by adhering liquid lubricant particles emulsified with a surfactant or the like to the surface of the workpiece. In particular, liquid lubricants using water are often used because they are advantageous in terms of cooling effect on heat generated during machining of workpiece materials and economic efficiency due to the circulating use of emulsions.

[Problems with conventional technology]

However, with such conventional water-soluble lubricants, (a) stability of the emulsion; (b) Contamination of workpiece materials due to contamination with metal powder, scum, etc. generated during metal processing. (c) Decrease in load bearing capacity due to a decrease in the amount of lubricant emulsion particles adhering to the workpiece. (d) Wastewater treatment properties of the emulsion and corrosion and rusting properties of processed materials. Since these items were to be used with sufficient control, the emulsion had some drawbacks in terms of control. Therefore, after processing, a clean surface condition with no contamination of the surface of the workpiece due to lubricating oil etc. is obtained, and there is no contamination of metal powder, lubricant deterioration products, etc., and there is no contamination of the workpiece due to dirt. The development of water-soluble lubricants is desired.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

This invention was made by focusing on these conventional problems, and it can be used for recirculation as a processing lubricant, and has excellent load resistance, anti-fouling properties for fully curved chemically processed surfaces, cooling properties, and difficulty. The inventors of the present invention aimed to provide a water-soluble lubricant with good flammability. As a result of extensive studies, they discovered that the above object could be achieved. That is, the present invention relates to a polyalkylene polyamine having 3 to 200 nitrogen atoms, or a salt compound consisting of a sulfonic acid or a sulfonic acid ester of an organic compound in which the counter anion of the polyalkylene imine has an aliphatic or aromatic group, or a nitrogen atom. 3 to 200 polyalkylene polyamines or polyalkylene imines, aliphatic carboxylic acids, dimer acids and polymer acids of aliphatic unsaturated acids, aliphatic alcohols or glycidyl ethers of alkylphenols, or epoxy compounds of aliphatic olefins. One or more water-soluble compounds selected from salt compounds consisting of sulfonic acids or sulfonic acid esters of organic compounds in which the counter anion of the compound reacted with one or more of them has an aliphatic or aromatic group. It is a lubricant containing. The compound used in the present invention is manufactured, for example, by the following method, although there are no particular limitations on the manufacturing method. Stearic acid is added to polyethyleneimine having 20 nitrogen atoms, and dehydration condensation is carried out under heating at 120 to 180°C to obtain an amidated compound. Next, the sulfonic acid of polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether is used as a counter ion. The compound of the present invention can be produced by adding the ester at 30 to 90°C and mixing. In addition, if the viscosity of the above compound is high and is unfavorable for handling, use a composition that has been reduced in viscosity by adding a nonionic activator that is liquid at room temperature, such as polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether or polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene copolymer. There may be. The polyalkylene polyamines used here are polyamines such as diethylene triamine, triethylene tetramino, tetraethylene pentamine, beta/taethylene hexamine, dipropylene triamine, and tetrapropylene pentamine, and the polyalkylene imine has 3 to 20 nitrogen atoms.
Examples include polyethyleneimine and polypropyleneimine having 0. The fatty acid that reacts with the active hydrogen of the polyalkylene polyamine or polyalkylene imine is a higher fatty acid having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, such as 2-ethylhexylic acid, lauric acid, stearic acid, and coconut fatty acid. Beef tallow fatty acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, etc., and carbon number 1
6-20 unsaturated acids, such as linoleic acid. Examples include dimer acids and polymer acids such as oleic acid and lylunic acid. Each fatty acid amide compound can be obtained by the above-described amidation reaction. Also effective are salts of the above-mentioned polyalkylene polyamine or polyalkylene imine reacted with an epoxy compound, in which the counter anion is a sulfonic acid or sulfonic acid ester of an organic compound having an aliphatic or aromatic group. Epoxy compounds include glycidyl ether or aliphatic olefin epoxide compounds, such as glycidyl ether of octyl alcohol, glycidyl ether of lauryl alcohol,
Examples include glycidyl ether of stearyl alcohol, glycidyl ether of nonylphenol, and glycidyl ether of dodecylphenol. Examples of the aliphatic olefin epoxy compounds include α-olefin epoxides having 8 to 26 carbon atoms, alicyclic olefin epoxides having 1M8 to 22 carbon atoms, and alkylene oxides having 8 to 20 carbon atoms. In the present invention, at least one of the compounds shown above is selected, and a salt compound having an ion of sulfonic acid or sulfonic acid ester of an organic compound having an aliphatic or aromatic group is effective. Moreover, a remarkable effect is exhibited by adjusting the pH of the salt used as a counterion to 4 to 9, but it is not limited to this range. The organic compound used for the sulfonic acid or sulfonic acid ester is alkylbenzene having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, J
&Jf! α-olefin of I8-26,) and prime number 6-2
4 alkylphenol, a higher alcohol having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, or a fullylene oxide adduct of the above-mentioned alkylphenol and higher alcohol, in which 1 to 50 moles of alkylene oxide are added. Examples of alkylene oxide include ethylene oxide,
Examples include propylene oxide, butylene oxide, and styrene oxide, and one or two of them can be prepared by a known method.
Obtained by addition reaction of more than one species. When adding two or more types, any method such as random addition, block addition reaction, etc. may be used.Furthermore, the sulfonation reaction is
This can be achieved by reacting 1 mol to 2 mol of the organic compound described above with 1 mol of a sulfone or other agent, such as sulfur, fuming sulfuric acid, sulfuric anhydride, chlorosulfonic acid, sulfamic acid, etc. at 10°C to 120°C. The water-soluble lubricant for metal processing of the present invention can be used as one type or a mixture of two or more of these water-soluble compounds, and is preferably used as an aqueous solution by adding water. If necessary, various known additives such as oil-soluble or water-soluble compounds such as antioxidants, thickeners, oiliness improvers, rust and anticorrosive agents, and antifoaming agents can be added. These various additives are added at a rate of 0 to 10% of the total amount of the water-soluble lubricant of the present invention, if necessary. As an antioxidant, phenolic antioxidants have 2,
6-dibutyl-P-cresol etc., sulfur-based antioxidants such as dilaurylthiodipropionate, phosphorus-based butylation inhibitors such as triphenylphosphite 9, and amine-based antioxidants such as phenothiazine. , N,N-di-t-butyl P-phenylenediamine, etc. Examples of thickeners include polymeric compounds such as polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose derivatives, starch derivatives, and polyacrylic acid polymers. Examples of oiliness improvers include stearic acid, oleic acid, or their alkali metal salts, alkanolamine salts, etc. Rust and corrosion inhibitors include chromates, molybdates, monoamine naphthenates, and amino acids. Antifoaming agents include polypropylene glycol, polyoxyethylene preoxypropylene copolymer of polyhydric alcohol, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene copolymer of polyhydric alcohol, etc., or silicone-based antifoaming agents. and fluorine-based organic compounds.The water-soluble lubricant for metal processing of the present invention may be diluted with water at the time of use, if necessary, to a concentration of 0.01 to 60%, preferably 0.1 to 60%.
Use at a concentration of 20%. In addition, this aqueous solution is supplied to the metal processing parts by spraying or dipping, but in this case, the aqueous solution of the agent does not deteriorate in performance such as lubricity due to contamination with dirt, scum, etc., so it cannot be recirculated. Can be used. Furthermore, the water-soluble lubricant for metal processing of the present invention has the following characteristics. (a) In the state of an aqueous solution, it has a load bearing capacity equal to or greater than conventional liquid lubricants containing mineral oil, beef tallow, etc., and provides excellent lubricity on metal processing surfaces. (b) Since there is no need to use a solid lubricant or an oil-based lubricant such as mineral oil or tallow, the metal processing surface has high stain resistance. (c) The water-soluble lubricant has a strong adsorption property for metal fine powder and oil stains generated during metal processing, and therefore can make the surfaces of these substances more hydrophilic. For this reason,
Re-adhesion to metal processing surfaces and surrounding equipment surfaces is prevented,
Can be cleaned. (d) Since a water-soluble lubricant is used, it has a high cooling effect and flame retardancy. In addition, waste water treatment is easy because it is not an emulsion liquid that uses oil-based lubricants or the like. Therefore, in metal plastic working, cutting, grinding, etc.
In addition to being able to effectively use a safe water-soluble lubricant with good cooling and lubrication properties, it also prevents re-adhesion of fine metal powder and oil stains generated during metal processing by making them hydrophilic, thereby protecting the surface and surroundings of the workpiece. It has an excellent effect on cleaning and workability.

[Effect]

Although the mechanism of action of the water-soluble compound of the present invention on lubricity has not been fully elucidated, it is thought to be roughly as follows. That is, when an aqueous solution containing the water-soluble compound is supplied to the metal processing section during processing, the water-soluble compound
The strong adsorption effect of the cationic nitrogen atoms forms a strong adsorption film on the metal surface. Furthermore, it is believed that the anionic sulfonic acid group or sulfonic acid ester group of the counterion is adsorbed to form a strongly adsorbed film of multiple layers of water-soluble compounds containing the aliphatic group, thereby improving lubricity.

【Example】

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically explained by showing Examples and Comparative Examples below. Table 1 shows the water-soluble compounds of the present invention used in Examples. The water-soluble compounds A~ shown here were used as salts with a pH of 7 using an anionic compound as a counterion.
8. The above water-soluble compounds are not particularly concerned with pH, and 1,000 ppm each of a water-soluble rust preventive agent (lower amine salt of lauric acid) and an anti-oxidizing agent (2,4-di-butyl-P-cresol) are blended. It was made into a water-soluble lubricant. In addition, the lubrication performance was tested by the following test, and the results are shown in Table 2. (I), Lubricity test Each lubricating oil was diluted with water to a concentration of 5% and stirred at a rotation speed of 8.00 rpm using a homomixer at a temperature of 60°C.
Two lubricating oil aqueous solutions were prepared in advance in a tank. This was circulated and supplied to the Chimken test machine. The evaluation was based on the area ratio of the seizure limit curve. It is expressed as a ratio with the worst one being 1.0. (2) Annealing stain resistance test Add 0.1% iron powder (particle size 1U or less) to a 5% lubricating oil solution.
Adjust the lubricating liquid at a temperature of 60℃, and spray it onto the surface of the test steel plate from the nozzle using a gear pump (0.5 mtn/mtn, 1 atm, 5 seconds).
After pressurizing and adhering at g/Cm2, heating was performed at 130°C with N5 sowing. After that, in an annealing furnace under N2 + 5% H2'IA gas mixture,
After annealing at 700°C for 2 hours, the degree of contamination on the surface of the steel plate was visually evaluated. Evaluation: O0: Clean condition with no deposits; O: Clean condition with slight deposits: Δ: Small deposits: X; Large deposits (3); Wastewater treatment test method (I) After adding 3 g of sulfuric acid band to the lubricating oil aqueous solution (I-stand) prepared in step 1, it was stirred for 2 minutes, and then Ca (OH) was added.
2 was added, the pH was adjusted to 7.0, and the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes.Then, the mixture was left to stand still for 30 minutes. The subnatant liquid was collected and COD (chemical oxygen consumption, KMn
O, method) was measured. As is clear from Table 2, the water-soluble lubricant of the present invention is superior to conventionally used emulsion-type lubricants in the overall evaluation of lubricity, annealing stain resistance, and wastewater treatment properties. Ta. (Margin below)

【Effect of the invention】

The present invention provides a safe water-soluble lubricant with good load-bearing properties, cooling properties, lubrication properties, and anti-fouling properties, and is therefore widely applicable to full-bending cutting, grinding, plastic processing, etc. obtain. Patent applicant Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (I) A polyalkylene polyamine having 3 to 200 nitrogen atoms, or a salt consisting of a sulfonic acid or sulfonic acid ester of an organic compound in which the counter anion of the polyalkylene imine has an aliphatic or aromatic group. Compound (II) a polyalkylene polyamine or polyalkylene imine having 3 to 200 nitrogen atoms and a dimer acid or polymer acid of an aliphatic carboxylic acid or an aliphatic unsaturated acid,
A salt consisting of a sulfonic acid or sulfonic acid ester of an organic compound in which the counter anion of the compound reacted with one or more selected from glycidyl ethers of aliphatic alcohols or alkylphenols, or epoxy compounds of aliphatic olefins has an aliphatic or aromatic group. A water-soluble lubricant containing as an essential component one or more water-soluble compounds selected from (I) and (II) above.