JPH02227962A - fuel cell power generator - Google Patents
fuel cell power generatorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02227962A JPH02227962A JP1047819A JP4781989A JPH02227962A JP H02227962 A JPH02227962 A JP H02227962A JP 1047819 A JP1047819 A JP 1047819A JP 4781989 A JP4781989 A JP 4781989A JP H02227962 A JPH02227962 A JP H02227962A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- carbon
- cell power
- trap
- reformed gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
- H01M2008/147—Fuel cells with molten carbonates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0048—Molten electrolytes used at high temperature
- H01M2300/0051—Carbonates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（イ） 産業上の利用分野
本発明は電解質として溶融炭酸塩を用いる燃料電池発電
装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a fuel cell power generation device using molten carbonate as an electrolyte.
（ロ） 従来の技術
溶融炭酸塩燃料電池は作動温度が高く高価な貴金属触媒
が不要で、さらに電池燃料ガスの原料としてナフサなど
の石油系燃料の使用が可能となり燃料の多様化が図れる
などの利点がある。しかし改質原料に石油系燃料を用い
た場合、炭化水素の分子量が大きく、改質器での水蒸気
改質の反応機構が複雑で、炭素が析出しやすいという問
題がある。この問題は改質触媒の改良さらに改質条件（
反応温度・圧力・炭化水素に対する水蒸気比）の最適化
を図ることで短期的には防止可能であるが、長期的には
改質触媒能の低下に伴い触媒へ炭素が析出し、改質ガス
中に炭素が混入することになる。この改質ガスは燃料ガ
スとして電池に導入されるが、改質ガス中の炭素がアノ
ード極上あるいは配管などに１１着し、多孔負極のガス
拡散性や燃料ガスの流通を損い、電池特性の低下をもた
らす。(b) Conventional technology Molten carbonate fuel cells have high operating temperatures, do not require expensive precious metal catalysts, and can also use petroleum-based fuels such as naphtha as raw materials for cell fuel gas, allowing for diversification of fuels. There are advantages. However, when petroleum-based fuel is used as a reforming raw material, there are problems in that the molecular weight of hydrocarbons is large, the reaction mechanism of steam reforming in the reformer is complex, and carbon is likely to precipitate. This problem can be solved by improving the reforming catalyst and by improving the reforming conditions (
This can be prevented in the short term by optimizing the reaction temperature, pressure, and water vapor ratio to hydrocarbons, but in the long term, carbon will precipitate on the catalyst as the reforming catalyst performance decreases, causing the reformed gas to deteriorate. Carbon will be mixed in. This reformed gas is introduced into the battery as a fuel gas, but the carbon in the reformed gas deposits on the anode or piping, impairing the gas diffusivity of the porous negative electrode and the flow of fuel gas, and impairing the battery characteristics. bring about a decline.
（ハ） 発明が解決しようとする課題
本発明はナフサの改質ガス中に混入した炭素をトラップ
し、電池への流入を未然に防止ルて前記問題を解消する
ものである。(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by trapping carbon mixed in the naphtha reformed gas and preventing it from flowing into the battery.
（ニ） 課題を解決するための手段
本発明は炭化水素原料としてナフサを用い、これを改質
器で水蒸気改質して得られる改質ガスを７ノード極に、
一方酸化剤ガスをカソード極に夫々供給して電力を発生
１°る燃料電池発電装置において、前記改質ガスの供給
経路に、金属ウールを充填した炭素トラップを介在きせ
たものである。(d) Means for Solving the Problems The present invention uses naphtha as a hydrocarbon raw material, steam-reforms it in a reformer, and sends the reformed gas to a 7-node pole.
On the other hand, in a fuel cell power generation device that generates electric power by supplying an oxidizing gas to each cathode electrode, a carbon trap filled with metal wool is interposed in the supply path of the reformed gas.
又前記トラップには、出入口間の差圧検出器を備えるも
のである。The trap is also equipped with a differential pressure detector between the inlet and outlet.
（ホ） 作用
本発明では改質ガス中に混入した炭素はトラップで捕捉
されて電池への炭素流入を未然に防止すると共に炭素ト
ラップを炭素析出モニターとして使用し、装置の保守点
検を行なうことができる。(E) Function In the present invention, carbon mixed in the reformed gas is captured by the trap to prevent carbon from flowing into the battery, and the carbon trap can be used as a carbon deposition monitor to perform maintenance and inspection of the device. can.
くべ） 実施例 本発明の実施例を図について説明する。Kube) Example Embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図は燃料電池発電装置のフローデャートの一例を示
す。FIG. 1 shows an example of a flow diagram of a fuel cell power generation device.
燃料電池（ＦＣ）は溶融炭酸塩を含有する電解質板（１
）の両面は７ノード極（２）・カソード極（３）を配置
し、各極背面に各反応ガスの供給空間（２°）（３′）
を形成している０図では簡単化のため単セルを模式的は
示した。A fuel cell (FC) consists of an electrolyte plate (1
) have 7 node electrodes (2) and cathode electrodes (3) arranged on both sides, and supply spaces (2°) (3') for each reaction gas on the back of each electrode.
In Figure 0, a single cell is schematically shown for simplification.
改ｊ！を器（ＲＦ）は改質触媒を収納した反応部（４）
とバーナ一部（５）を有し、ナフサなどの液体炭化水素
燃料（Ｃ）は蒸発１！（６）でガス化して後水蒸気（Ｓ
）と所定比率で混合いれ、この混合ガスが反応部（４）
で水蒸気改質建れ、Ｈｌ・ＣＯを主体とする改質ガスを
生成する。Changed! The reactor (RF) is the reaction section (4) that houses the reforming catalyst.
and burner part (5), liquid hydrocarbon fuel (C) such as naphtha evaporates 1! (6) After gasification, water vapor (S
) in a predetermined ratio, and this mixed gas flows into the reaction section (4).
A steam reformer is used to generate reformed gas mainly consisting of Hl and CO.
改質に際し、通常ナフサのような炭素数の大きい炭化水
素（平均分子式Ｃｙ Ｈ＋ ｓ ）では混入する水蒸気
量を多く、シ、例えばＳ／Ｃ−３〜５とするが、前述の
如く改質反応機構が複雑で長期の使用により炭素が改質
触媒上に析出し、この炭素が改質ガスと共に電池（ＦＣ
）のアノード極（２）に送り込まれることになる０本発
明では改質ガスの供給経路（Ｌ）に炭素トラップ（７）
を介在させた。このトラップ（７）内には第２図に示す
ようにステンレスウールもしくはニッケルウールなどの
金属ウール（８）を充填した蛇行状通路を構成し、改質
ガス中に混入した炭素をこ・で捕捉して電池内への炭素
流入を未然に防止する。During reforming, when using a hydrocarbon with a large number of carbon atoms (average molecular formula: Cy H+ s), such as naphtha, the amount of water vapor mixed is usually increased, e.g., S/C-3 to S/C-5, but as mentioned above, the reforming reaction The mechanism is complicated, and carbon is deposited on the reforming catalyst after long-term use, and this carbon is transferred to the battery (FC) along with the reformed gas.
) In the present invention, a carbon trap (7) is provided in the reformed gas supply path (L).
mediated. As shown in Figure 2, this trap (7) has a meandering passage filled with metal wool (8) such as stainless steel wool or nickel wool, which traps carbon mixed in the reformed gas. This prevents carbon from entering the battery.
又トラップ（７）には出入口間の差圧検出器（９）を有
し、＃！票捕捉量の増大を差圧で検出して新しいトラッ
プへの切換え、もしくは改質触媒の取換え、などメンテ
ナンスを行なう時期を検知する。The trap (7) also has a differential pressure detector (9) between the inlet and outlet, and #! By detecting an increase in the amount of captured votes using differential pressure, it is possible to detect when to perform maintenance such as switching to a new trap or replacing the reforming catalyst.
第１図実施例では切替弁（１０）及び一対の開閉弁ｍ）
（１１つを介して２つのトラップ（７）（７つが並列に
接続され、検出器（９）の出力信号により切替弁（ｌＯ
）と開閉弁（１１）（１１’）とを連動操作し、新しい
トラップ（７′）に切換使用する場合を示した。In the FIG. 1 embodiment, a switching valve (10) and a pair of on-off valves m)
(Two traps (7) (7 are connected in parallel through one, and the switching valve (lO
) and the on-off valves (11) (11') are operated in conjunction to switch to a new trap (7').
このようにして、炭素を取除いた改質ガスがアノード極
（２）に供給され、−実空気と炭酸ガスの混合ガスがカ
ソードｍ（３）に供給され電気化学反応により電力を発
生する。In this way, the reformed gas from which carbon has been removed is supplied to the anode electrode (2), and the mixed gas of real air and carbon dioxide gas is supplied to the cathode m (3) to generate electric power through an electrochemical reaction.
（ト） 発明の効果
°本発明によればナフサの水蒸気改質によって得られる
改質ガスは金属ウールを充填した［ｔトラップを通って
電池のアノード極に供給されるので、改質ガス中番−食
まれた炭素によりアノード極のガス拡散性や配管の目づ
まりを未然に妨止し、電池特性の経時劣化を抑制するこ
とができる。また炭素トラップに付設した差圧検出器が
炭素析出モニターとして働き、トラップや改質触媒の取
りかえ時期を知ることができるので、発電製電の保守管
理性を向上することができる。(G) Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, the reformed gas obtained by steam reforming of naphtha is supplied to the anode electrode of the battery through a trap filled with metal wool. - The eaten carbon can prevent the gas diffusivity of the anode electrode and clogging of piping, and can suppress deterioration of battery characteristics over time. In addition, the differential pressure detector attached to the carbon trap functions as a carbon deposition monitor, and it is possible to know when to replace the trap and reforming catalyst, thereby improving the maintainability of power generation and manufacturing.
第１図は本発明燃料電池発電装置のフローチャトを示す
図、第２図は同上の要部断面図である。
ＦＣ：燃料電池、２ニアノード極、３：カソード極、Ｒ
Ｆ：改質器、４：反応部、６：蒸発器、７．７′ ：炭
素トラップ、８：金属ウール、９．９′ ：差圧検出器
、１０：切替弁。
代理人 弁理士 西野卓嗣（外２名）FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the fuel cell power generation apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the main parts of the same. FC: fuel cell, 2 near node electrode, 3: cathode electrode, R
F: reformer, 4: reaction section, 6: evaporator, 7.7': carbon trap, 8: metal wool, 9.9': differential pressure detector, 10: switching valve. Agent: Patent attorney Takuji Nishino (2 others)
Claims (2)
で水蒸気改質して得られる改質ガスをアノード極に、一
方酸化剤ガスをカソード極に夫々供給して電力を発生す
る燃料電池発電装置において、前記改質ガスの供給経路
に、金属ウールを充填した炭素トラップを介在させたこ
とを特徴とする燃料電池発電装置。(1) A fuel cell that uses naphtha as a hydrocarbon raw material and generates electricity by steam reforming it in a reformer and supplying the reformed gas to the anode electrode and the oxidizing gas to the cathode electrode. A fuel cell power generation device characterized in that a carbon trap filled with metal wool is interposed in the supply path of the reformed gas.
ることを特徴とする請求項１記載の燃料電池発電装置。(2) The fuel cell power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the trap is provided with a differential pressure detector between an inlet and an outlet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01047819A JP3086459B2 (en) | 1989-02-28 | 1989-02-28 | Fuel cell power generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01047819A JP3086459B2 (en) | 1989-02-28 | 1989-02-28 | Fuel cell power generator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02227962A true JPH02227962A (en) | 1990-09-11 |
| JP3086459B2 JP3086459B2 (en) | 2000-09-11 |
Family
ID=12785966
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP01047819A Expired - Fee Related JP3086459B2 (en) | 1989-02-28 | 1989-02-28 | Fuel cell power generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3086459B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002093451A (en) * | 2000-09-13 | 2002-03-29 | Corona Corp | Method for vaporizing non-aqueous liquid fuel used in fuel cell system |
| JP2005063789A (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-03-10 | Nippon Oil Corp | Hydrogen production apparatus and fuel cell system |
| WO2006106404A1 (en) * | 2005-04-05 | 2006-10-12 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Hydrogen generation device and fuel cell system including same |
| US7413823B2 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2008-08-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for monitoring the discharge of media out of fuel cell, and a fuel cell system |
| JP2022021242A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2022-02-02 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | Solid carbon recovery type energy supply system, and, solid carbon recovery type energy supply method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5672213A (en) * | 1979-11-19 | 1981-06-16 | Toyota Motor Corp | Exhaust gas filter for internal combustion engine |
| JPS6187515U (en) * | 1984-11-12 | 1986-06-07 | ||
| JPS6363246A (en) * | 1986-09-04 | 1988-03-19 | Toshiba Corp | Phase demodulation system |
-
1989
- 1989-02-28 JP JP01047819A patent/JP3086459B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5672213A (en) * | 1979-11-19 | 1981-06-16 | Toyota Motor Corp | Exhaust gas filter for internal combustion engine |
| JPS6187515U (en) * | 1984-11-12 | 1986-06-07 | ||
| JPS6363246A (en) * | 1986-09-04 | 1988-03-19 | Toshiba Corp | Phase demodulation system |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002093451A (en) * | 2000-09-13 | 2002-03-29 | Corona Corp | Method for vaporizing non-aqueous liquid fuel used in fuel cell system |
| US7413823B2 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2008-08-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for monitoring the discharge of media out of fuel cell, and a fuel cell system |
| JP2005063789A (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-03-10 | Nippon Oil Corp | Hydrogen production apparatus and fuel cell system |
| WO2006106404A1 (en) * | 2005-04-05 | 2006-10-12 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Hydrogen generation device and fuel cell system including same |
| JP2022021242A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2022-02-02 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | Solid carbon recovery type energy supply system, and, solid carbon recovery type energy supply method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3086459B2 (en) | 2000-09-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |