JPH02229587A - Fermenting device for organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the compact fermenting device for org. waste by efficiently adjusting the moisture of various kinds of the org. waste contg. a large amt. of moisture and hygienically fermenting the org. waste under good fermentation conditions, thereby converting the waste to useful compost, fertilizer or feed. CONSTITUTION:This fermenting device consists of a drying treatment chamber 10 which has a feed port 12 for the org. waste, a means 20 for agitating the charged waste and a far IR heating means 30 and is so constituted as to be introduced with hot wind in the chamber and a fermentation chamber 10 which has an agitating means 50, the far IR heating means 30, and a discharge port 62 for the fermented matter and accelerates the fermentation of the dried matter from the above-mentioned treatment chamber 10 by the previously added fermentation bacteria. A large amt. of the org. waste is regenerated as the compost, fertilizer or feed of a high reutilization by such constitution although the device is small in size.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention is a method for adjusting the moisture content of organic waste discharged from households, food-related industries, agriculture, forestry and fisheries, and livestock-related various processing plants, and fermenting it. , concerning fermentation equipment for organic waste that is converted into compost, fertilizer, and feed.

(Conventional technology) Conventionally, thinned vegetables, sawdust, okara, fish heads and internal organs discharged from various processing factories related to agriculture, forestry and fisheries, and leftovers discharged from kitchens of homes, restaurants, food processing factories, etc. Most of the cooking scraps were disposed of by being landfilled or incinerated in incinerators.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Organic waste as described above is easily putrefied and immediately generates a bad odor, and if left unattended, it becomes food for harmful insects and rats, resulting in unsanitary conditions. It causes environmental destruction such as Moreover, the amount of such organic waste is increasing, and there has been a long-awaited development of an effective and rational treatment method for it.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is possible to efficiently adjust the moisture content of various organic wastes containing a large amount of water, ferment them hygienically under good fermentation conditions, and turn them into useful compost, fertilizer, or fertilizer. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a compact and novel fermentation device for organic waste that is converted into feed.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The organic waste fermentation apparatus of the present invention which achieves the above object will be explained based on the attached drawings. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of the fermentation apparatus of the present invention, and FIG.
3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the rotating shaft.

That is, the organic waste fermentation apparatus of the present invention includes an organic waste inlet 12, an input waste stirring means 20, and a far-infrared heating means 30, and hot air is introduced into the room. A fermentation chamber 60 comprising a drying chamber 10, a stirring means 50, a far-infrared heating means 30, and an outlet 62 for the fermented product, and promotes fermentation of the dried product from the processing chamber 10 using fermentation bacteria added in advance. The gist is to consist of:

A transfer means 40 is provided between the drying chamber 10 and the fermentation chamber 60.
It is desirable to provide a fermentation chamber 60 so that the dried product in the drying chamber 10 is transferred continuously or intermittently (including when transferring batch-processed products in the processing chamber 10). An example of the transfer means 40 is a pipe screw conveyor.

The stirring means 2o includes a pair of left and right parallel rotation shafts 22.
, 22, and a plurality of paddles 21 fixed to the circumferential body of the rotating shafts 22, 22.

The rotation shafts 22, 22 and the paddles 21 are provided with passages 22a, 21a and discharge ports for spouting hot air supplied from the hot air generating means 70 into the drying processing chamber 10 via the rotary joint 23 at the end of the shaft. Holes 22b and 2lb are provided,
It is effective to blow hot air directly onto the object being stirred. If the paddles 21 are shaped like a screw propeller, the stirring effect will be large and the propulsive force will also be provided.

Furthermore, it is desirable that the far-infrared heating means 30 be provided on the ceiling of the drying chamber 10 and the fermentation chamber 60.

Furthermore, an exhaust pipe 71 is connected to the drying chamber 1o and the fermentation chamber 60.
The humid gas from the exhaust pipe 71 is condensed and dehydrated by the condenser 73 and then introduced into the hot air generating means 7o, thereby establishing a hot air supply/exhaust circulation system.
It is desirable to prevent the escape of foul-smelling gas.

In addition, heating jackets 75 and 76 may be provided around the drying chamber 10 and fermentation chamber 60 to further accelerate drying and fermentation and maintain proper conditions.

(Operation) The procedure for fermenting organic waste in the apparatus of the present invention having the above configuration will be described. At this time, fermentation bacteria are simultaneously added to the organic waste containing a large amount of water, which is inputted from the input port 12, and is stirred by the stirring means 20 so as to be loosened. During this stirring, hot air is supplied to the drying chamber 10, and far-infrared rays are irradiated from the far-infrared heating means 30. The waste is heated from the inside by far infrared energy and its properties, and together with the action of the supplied hot air, the moisture contained in the waste evaporates quickly. A heating jacket 7 is installed around the drying chamber 10.
5, this transpiration is further promoted. Moisture content of input organic waste (usually 80-90%),
The amount of hot air supplied and the power of the far-infrared heating means 30 are adjusted according to the properties or processing amount, etc., and the heating jacket 7 is adjusted.
By using No. 5, the water content can be lowered to 45-55%. The stirring means 2o includes the rotating shafts 22, 22 and the paddle 2.
1..., heating efficiency can be increased by appropriately reversing this direction. Then, when the temperature of the waste is maintained at 70±10° C., a portion of the waste begins to ferment due to the added fermentation bacteria.

Next, the dried product, whose moisture content has been adjusted as described above and which has been partially fermented, is transferred to the fermentation chamber 60. When the transfer means 40 is provided, the dried product is sequentially transferred from the drying chamber 1o to the fermentation chamber 60 by continuously driving the transfer means 40. If sufficient drying is required, the transfer means 40 may be driven intermittently to transfer each batch. The dried product transferred to the fermentation chamber 60 is stirred by the stirring means 5.
It is further stirred and loosened by the action of 0, and is heated from inside by far infrared rays irradiated by the far infrared heating means 30, under conditions suitable for fermentation and proliferation of fermentation bacteria (70±10
℃), and the moisture contained therein is also evaporated. If a heating jacket 76 is provided around the fermentation chamber 60, the jacket 76 is operated as necessary to maintain the above conditions and promote water evaporation. In this way, the dried product is fermented by the fermentation and multiplication action of fermentation bacteria, and the water content is reduced to 20% from the discharge port 62.
It is discharged as a final treated product suitable for use as compost, fertilizer or feed.

(Example) Next, an example will be described. In the figure, drying chamber 1
o is formed by a casing 11, said casing 1
A waste inlet 1 having an opening/closing lid 12a on the upper part of the base side of the waste inlet 1
2 is set up. A horizontal stirring means 20 is provided in the drying chamber casing 11 along its longitudinal direction, and the stirring means 20 is supported by bearings B at both ends and has hot air passages 22a, 22a formed on its outer peripheral surface. Discharge hole 2
A pair of left and right rotation shafts 22, 22 each forming a 2b...
It is composed of a plurality of screw propeller-shaped paddles 21 fixed to the circumferential body of the rotating shafts 22, 22 at appropriate intervals. The hot air passages 22a, 22a are communicated with a supply pipe 74a of a hot air generating means 70, which will be described later, via a rotary joint 23 at one shaft end, and the passages 22a.
The hot air supplied from 22a is blown directly onto the waste being stirred through the discharge holes 22b and 2lb formed on the periphery of the paddles 21. The rotating shafts 22, 22 rotate in a forward direction as shown by the arrows, and the paddles 21 are curved as shown in the figure in order to agitate the waste and apply a small thrust to the waste during this forward rotation. The direction of rotation is configured to be rotated forward and reverse repeatedly as needed or at predetermined time intervals by a reversible electric motor, which will be described later, in order to improve stirring efficiency and alleviate excessive loads.

is being done.

On the ceiling of the drying chamber casing 11, there is a far-infrared heating means 3 that irradiates far-infrared rays toward the waste being stirred.
0 are provided in multiple sets in the longitudinal direction. Far-infrared rays have excellent permeability to the object to be heated and have the effect of heating the object from the inside, and in combination with the above-mentioned direct blowing of the hot air to the waste, moisture is evaporated extremely efficiently. At the top of at least one side wall of the drying chamber casing 11,
An exhaust port 78 is provided to exhaust air containing a large amount of moisture.

The fermentation chamber 60 is formed within a casing 61 provided adjacent to the drying chamber casing 11, and a horizontal stirring means 50 is provided within the casing 61 along its longitudinal direction. The stirring means 50 includes rotating shafts 52, 52 supported by bearings B, similar to the above-mentioned stirring means 2o, and a plurality of screw propeller-shaped screw propellers fixed to the circumferential bodies of the rotating shafts 52, 52 at appropriate intervals. It consists of a paddle 51... In the example,
Although the rotating shafts 52, 52 and the paddles 51 are not provided with hot air supply means as described above, it is not excluded that similar devices may be provided in order to maintain drying and fermentation conditions within the fermentation chamber 60. do not have. The rotating shafts 22, 22 in the drying chamber 10 and the rotating shafts 52, 52 in the fermentation chamber 60 are coaxially connected, respectively, and are driven simultaneously by one drive unit U. From the viewpoint of fermentation, it is desirable that the rotating shafts 52, 52 have lower speeds, and therefore a speed increaser A is interposed between the rotating shafts 22, 52.

However, it goes without saying that the invention is not limited to this, and it is also possible to drive both separately. Incidentally, reference numeral G designates a gear unit for rotating the left and right rotation shafts 22 (5 2), 22 (52) in opposite directions or opposite directions to each other by one driving source.

A far infrared heating means 30 similar to that in the drying chamber 10 is also provided on the ceiling of the fermentation chamber casing 61. By this irradiation with far-infrared rays, the material to be processed in the fermentation chamber 60 is heated from within, and the moisture contained therein is evaporated and conditions suitable for fermentation are maintained. Fermentation chamber casing 61
An exhaust port 79 for discharging air containing moisture and fermentation gas is provided at the upper part of one side wall of the chamber.

The transfer means 40 consists of a pipe screw conveyor 41 connected between an opening provided in the front bottom wall of the drying chamber casing 11 and an opening provided in the base side bottom wall of the fermentation chamber casing 61, and is electrically operated. It functions to obtain the driving force of the motor 42 to transfer the drying process and processed material in the drying process chamber 10 to the fermentation chamber 60 sequentially or intermittently. Further, a discharge port 62 is provided on the front bottom wall of the fermentation chamber casing 61, and a screw type feeder 63 is connected to the discharge port 62. The screw feeder 63 sequentially or intermittently discharges a final product that is fermented and suitable as compost, fertilizer, or feed. The screw feeder 63 and the screw conveyor 41 can be operated by the same drive source or can be operated separately.

The hot air generating means 70 that blows hot air onto the workpiece in the drying processing chamber 10 includes a hot air generating furnace 74, a hot air supply pipe 74a led out from the hot air generating furnace 74 and connected to the rotary joint 23, and a hot air generating means 70 that blows hot air onto the workpiece in the drying processing chamber 10. It consists of an exhaust tower 74b. On the other hand, an exhaust pipe 71 is connected to the exhaust ports 78 and 79, and the exhaust pipe 71 is connected to a hot air generating furnace 74 with an electric suction fan 72 and a condenser 73 disposed therebetween.

The humid gas in the drying chamber 1o and the fermentation chamber 60 is sucked by the suction fan 72, condensed and dehydrated by the condenser 73, and introduced into the hot air generating furnace 74. The gas introduced here is heated by the hot air generating furnace 74, passes through the supply pipe 74a, and is blown onto the process exhaust from the discharge ports 22b..., 21b.... By establishing such a circulation system, it is possible to prevent the bad odor in the drying chamber 10 and the fermentation chamber 60 from escaping outside the apparatus.
This eases restrictions on installation locations, etc.

A portion of the heated gas is discharged to the outside of the apparatus from the exhaust tower 74b, but since it is dehydrated by the condenser 73 and deodorized by heating, it does not emit any bad odor to the surroundings.

Further, in the illustrated example, heating jackets 75 and 76 are provided from the side walls to the bottom walls of the drying chamber casing 11 and the fermentation chamber casing 61 so as to surround them. As the heating jackets 75 and 76, known ones such as an electric heating type, a hot water circulation type, or a hot oil circulation type can be adopted, and the heating jackets 75 and 76 can be used to properly heat the processed materials in the drying chamber 1o and the fermentation chamber 60 for water evaporation and fermentation. It functions to maintain a certain temperature. Therefore, while detecting the temperature of the processed material, the heating jacket 75
, 76 are preferably controlled on and off to maintain a proper temperature at all times.

In the above embodiments, a pair of left and right biaxial rotating shafts are used as the stirring means, but a single shaft or other multi-shafts are not excluded. In addition, although we have shown an example in which the drying processing chamber and the fermentation chamber are connected in front and behind each other, they can be placed separately (e.g., upper and lower) and transported by other transport means (e.g., packet conveyor, pneumatic transport means, etc.). It is also possible to transport the dried product. It goes without saying that other changes may be made without departing from the invention.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the organic waste fermentation apparatus configured as described above, in addition to heating with hot air in the drying treatment chamber, heating from inside the waste with far infrared rays is used to heat the waste for an extremely short period of time during stirring. In addition to quickly adjusting the moisture content to a suitable level for fermentation by drying the waste, the fermentation speed can be accelerated by extremely efficiently heating the waste from within, using at least far infrared rays in the fermentation chamber. However, a large amount of organic waste can be recycled into compost, fertilizer, or feed with high reuse value.

The present invention, which has such remarkable effects, eliminates the problem of organic waste disposal, which has become a major social problem in recent years, and has extremely great social value.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the fermentation apparatus of the present invention, Fig. 2
The figure is a sectional view taken along the line 1-2 in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the rotation shaft. (Explanation of symbols) 1o...drying chamber, 12...inlet, 2o, 50...
Stirring means, 21, 51... Paddle, 22, 52... Rotating shaft, 21a, 22a... Hot air passage, 2lb, 22b... Discharge hole, 23... Rotary joint, 30... Far infrared heating means, 40... Transfer means, 41... Pipe screw conveyer, 60... fermentation chamber, 62... discharge port, 71... exhaust pipe,
73... Condenser, 75, 76... Heating jacket, one or more, one

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A dryer equipped with an organic waste inlet (12), a means for stirring the input waste (20), and a far-infrared heating means (30), and in which hot air is introduced into the room. Processing room (10)
, a stirring means (50), a far-infrared heating means (30), and a discharge port (62) for the fermented product, which promotes fermentation of the dried product from the processing chamber (10) using fermentation bacteria added in advance. An organic waste fermentation device comprising a fermentation chamber (60). 2. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a transfer means (40) for transferring the dried product between the drying chamber (10) and the fermentation chamber (60). 3. The stirring means (20) has a pair of left and right parallel rotation shafts (
22) (22) and a plurality of paddles (21...) fixed to the circumferential body of the rotation shaft (22) (22), the rotation shaft (22) (22) and the paddle (21...). ) have passages (22a) (21a) and discharge holes (22b) for blowing hot air supplied from the hot air generation means (70) into the drying chamber (10) via the rotary joint (23) at the end of the shaft. )(
21. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein 21b) is formed. 4. The far infrared heating means (30) is installed in the drying chamber (1
2. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation apparatus is provided on the ceiling of the fermentation chamber (60) and the fermentation chamber (60). 5. An exhaust pipe (71) is connected to the drying chamber (10) and the fermentation chamber (60), and the humid gas from the exhaust pipe (71) is condensed and dehydrated by the condenser (73), and then the above-mentioned The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the fermentation device is introduced into the hot air generating means (70). 6. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein heating jackets (75) and (76) are provided around the drying chamber (10) and the fermentation chamber (60). 7. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the transfer means (40) is a pipe screw conveyor.