JPH0224546B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a hollow fiber separation device built into a plasma collection device that collects blood by puncturing the arm of a blood donor with a needle and collecting plasma from the blood. This invention relates to a method for detecting damage to a vessel.

<Prior art> Generally, blood collected from a donor's body contains plasma and blood cell components, and this plasma is treated by adding an anticoagulant (hereinafter referred to as "ACD liquid") to the collected blood. It is collected by separating it using a designated separator, etc. In order to collect the above-mentioned plasma, plasma sampling devices have recently come to be used, and the plasma and blood cell components are separated by a hollow fiber separator of the plasma sampling device.

However, the hollow fiber separator usually contains several thousand hollow fibers, and if even one of them is cut or punctured, blood from the donor will be separated from plasma in the hollow fiber separator. It had the drawback of leaking to the sides. Further, such blood leakage makes it impossible to use the collected plasma, ultimately resulting in blood collection from donors being a waste of effort.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The present invention has been made in view of the drawbacks of the conventional examples, and its purpose is to easily detect damage to the hollow fiber separator built in the serum sampling device. The goal is to provide a way to do so.

<Means for Solving the Problems> A feature of the present invention that solves the above-mentioned problems is that the present invention has a plasma collection device that punctures a donor's arm with a needle to collect blood and then collects plasma from the blood. In the method of detecting damage to the built-in hollow fiber separator,
A cleaning liquid made of physiological saline is introduced into the hollow fiber inner chamber of the hollow fiber separator to cover the hollow fiber with the cleaning liquid to create an airtight structure, and an air pump is used to apply air pressure to the hollow fiber outer chamber of the hollow fiber separator. In addition, damage to the hollow fiber separator is detected by driving the air pump or by detecting the pressure in the hollow fiber outer chamber.

<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail using figures. The figure is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an arm of a blood donor, 2 is an ACD liquid bag storing ACD liquid, and 3a and 3b are saline bags storing physiological saline. , 4 is a blood bag for storing collected blood, 4' is a weight detector for detecting the weight of blood bag 4, 5 is a plasma bag for storing plasma separated from the collected blood, and 6 is for draining fluid. Drain bag to store, 7a to 7f are first to sixth detectors for detecting each fluid (ACD liquid or physiological saline), 8a to 8e are first to fifth pumps (among them, the second pump 8b and the fourth pump 8d are pumps that can send fluid in both forward and reverse directions), 9
a to 9g are first to seventh clamps that open and close the respective channels through which each of the fluids flows; 10a to 10d;
are the first to fourth pressure gauges, and 11a to 11c are the first to fourth pressure gauges.
The third chamber 12a, 12b is a blood detector and a hemolysis detector, respectively, and 13 is divided into an inner chamber 13b and an outer chamber 13c by a hollow fiber (membrane) 13a that allows plasma to pass through but does not allow blood cell components to pass through. The hollow fiber separator 14 is a needle that is inserted into the donor's arm 1. Note that, although the hollow fiber separator 13 normally accommodates several thousand of the above-mentioned hollow fibers, in order to make it easier to understand, the figure schematically represents one hollow fiber 13a. There is.

The operations of the embodiment of the present invention having such a configuration include a priming operation in which the blood circuit is washed with physiological saline, and blood collected from a donor is stored in a blood bag and then guided to the blood circuit. an operating operation for collecting plasma in the separator 13;
and a blood collection operation for collecting blood flowing within the blood circuit. Among these, the operating operation and blood collection operation are completely the same as those of the conventional plasma sampling device, so their explanation will be omitted here, and only the priming operation will be described in detail. In the figure, the needle 14 is inserted into the saline bag 3a as shown by the broken line, the third clamp 9c and the fourth clamp 9d are opened, and the remaining clamps are closed. In this state,
When the fourth pump (air pump) 8d is driven in the forward direction (clockwise), the air present in the blood bag 3 and in the flow path from the blood bag 3 to the fourth pump (air pump) 8d is sucked. Ru. Then, the third pressure gauge 10c indicates a predetermined negative pressure (-PmmHg).
When it becomes indicated, the fourth pump 8d is stopped. Similarly, by driving the first pump 8a,
After the air in the channel through which the ACD liquid flows is sucked,
The second clamp 9b is opened. Thereafter, the third pump 8c is driven, and physiological saline (hereinafter referred to as cleaning liquid) begins to flow into the hollow fiber inner chamber 13b of the separator 13. Also, the fourth pump (air pump) 8d
is driven in the forward direction (clockwise), and the hollow fiber outer chamber 13c of the separator 13 is brought into negative pressure. Therefore, the cleaning liquid escapes from the inside (primary side) of the hollow fiber (membrane) and fills the outside (secondary side) of the hollow fiber (membrane). In this way, when the secondary side is filled with cleaning liquid, the cleaning liquid is detected by the sixth detector 7f, and the fourth pump (air pump) 8d rotates in the opposite direction in response to the detection signal. I am made to do so.
Therefore, air pressure is applied to the secondary side, and the cleaning liquid is pushed out to the primary side. By the way, the hollow fibers (membranes) are provided with small holes, and these holes are filled with liquid (cleaning liquid) and surface tension is generated, so that the air on the secondary side is
There is no way to escape to the next side. However, if the membrane (even just one hollow fiber out of thousands of hollow fibers) is torn or has a large hole, air from the secondary side will escape to the primary side through the damaged part. It becomes like this. For this reason, not only does the pressure on the secondary side not increase, but also the pressure on the damaged part
When the next liquid (cleaning liquid) arrives, air escapes from the damaged part to the primary side and the pressure on the secondary side rapidly decreases. Therefore, the presence of the damaged portion can be detected as follows. That is,
While the cleaning liquid is leaking from the secondary side to the primary side,
The pressure on the secondary side can be controlled by driving the fourth pump 8d, but when extrusion of the cleaning liquid from the secondary side to the primary side is completed, the holes in the membrane are filled with liquid (cleaning liquid) as described above. Due to the presence of surface tension, the membrane becomes sealed with the liquid. Therefore, if the membrane is not damaged,
The pressure on the secondary side rises and the fourth pump 8d is stopped, but if the above-mentioned damaged part occurs, the pressure on the secondary side remains below a certain value forever and the fourth pump 8d stops. continues to drive. Therefore, by detecting whether or not the fourth pump 8d is being driven, it is possible to detect whether or not a damaged portion as described above has occurred. In addition, since the pressure on the secondary side is detected by the fourth pressure gauge 10d,
It may be possible to detect whether or not a damaged portion as described above has occurred by reading whether the indicated value of the fourth pressure gauge does not increase and is below a certain value. In addition, even if you try to push out the cleaning liquid from the secondary side to the primary side by increasing the pressure on the secondary side until it reaches a certain pressure in advance, if the above-mentioned damage occurs, The pressure on the secondary side does not rise. Therefore, by detecting the pressure on the secondary side, it may be possible to detect whether or not a damaged portion as described above has occurred. Furthermore, when the cleaning liquid is pushed out from the secondary side to the primary side by driving the fourth pump 8d, the holes in the membrane are filled with liquid (cleaning liquid) and surface tension is generated, as described above. Since the membrane is sealed with liquid, the pressure on the secondary side gradually increases. When the extrusion of the cleaning liquid from the secondary side to the primary side is completed, the pressure on the secondary side increases rapidly. However, if a wave loss portion as described above occurs, the pressure on the secondary side does not rise even after a certain period of time has elapsed. Therefore, by detecting whether or not such a sudden pressure rise point exists, it may be possible to detect whether or not the above-mentioned damaged portion has occurred. By the method detailed above, damage to the membrane is detected, and measures such as replacing the hollow fiber separator with a new one are taken.

<Effects of the Invention> According to the present invention as described in detail above, a cleaning liquid made of physiological saline is applied to the hollow fiber inner chamber of the hollow fiber separator, and the micro openings of the hollow fiber membrane wall are covered with the cleaning liquid to create an airtight structure. At the same time, air pressure is applied to the hollow fiber outer chamber of the hollow fiber separator by an air pump, and the air pump is driven or the pressure in the hollow fiber outer chamber is detected. For this reason, if even one of the thousands of hollow fibers housed in the hollow fiber separator becomes punctured, the conventional method is to check the plasma after blood leaks into the plasma side. I was starting to realize that there was a hole. On the other hand, according to the present invention, damage to the hollow fiber separator is detected by driving the air pump or by detecting the pressure in the hollow fiber outer chamber as described above. This has the advantage that damage to the thread separator can be easily detected. Therefore, damage to the hollow separator can be detected during the priming stage before the donor is connected to blood, reducing the burden on the donor. In other words, in the conventional example, damage to the hollow separator can only be detected after blood collection from the donor has begun, so it is difficult to remove the needle from the donor, waste the blood in the blood circuit, or re-inject new blood. A large burden was placed on the blood donor, such as having to insert a needle after preparing the circuit, but according to the present invention, such burden on the blood donor is reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figure is a configuration explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. 1...donor's arm, 2...ACD fluid bag, 3
a, 3b... raw food bag, 4... blood bag,
4'...Weight detector, 5...Plasma bag, 6...
Drain bag, 7a to 7f...first to sixth detectors for detecting each fluid (ACD liquid, physiological saline, etc.);
8a-8e...pump, 9a-9g...clamp, 10a-10d...pressure gauge, 11a-11c
...Chamber, 13...Separator, 14...
needle.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for detecting damage to a hollow fiber separator built in a plasma collection device that collects blood by pricking a needle into the arm of a blood donor and then collecting plasma from the blood. A cleaning solution made of physiological saline is introduced into the inner chamber to cover the micropores provided in the hollow fiber membrane with the cleaning solution to create an airtight structure, and at the same time, air pressure is applied to the hollow fiber outer chamber of the hollow fiber separator using an air pump. In addition, a method for detecting damage to a hollow fiber separator, characterized in that damage to the hollow fiber separator is detected by detecting driving of the air pump. 2. In a method for detecting damage to a hollow fiber separator built into a plasma collection device that collects blood by pricking a donor's arm with a needle and then collecting plasma from the blood, physiological saline is added to the inner chamber of the hollow fiber. A cleaning liquid is introduced to cover the micro holes provided in the hollow fiber membrane with the cleaning liquid to create an airtight structure, and an air pressure is applied to the hollow fiber outer chamber of the hollow fiber separator using an air pump. A method for detecting damage to a hollow fiber separator, comprising detecting damage to the hollow fiber separator by detecting pressure in a chamber.