JPH02258182A - Diffusion bonding method for Ni-based single crystal heat-resistant alloy - Google Patents
Diffusion bonding method for Ni-based single crystal heat-resistant alloyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02258182A JPH02258182A JP7684089A JP7684089A JPH02258182A JP H02258182 A JPH02258182 A JP H02258182A JP 7684089 A JP7684089 A JP 7684089A JP 7684089 A JP7684089 A JP 7684089A JP H02258182 A JPH02258182 A JP H02258182A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- single crystal
- joining
- based single
- heat
- bonding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002335 surface treatment layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005162 X-ray Laue diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、Ｎｉ基単結晶耐熱合金の拡散接合方法に関す
るものである。さらに訂しくは、この発明は、カスター
ビン翼の組立接合、Ｎｉ基単結晶耐熱合金製の翼の補修
接合等に有用なＮｉ基単結晶耐熱合金の拡散接合方法に
関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for diffusion bonding Ni-based single crystal heat-resistant alloys. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for diffusion bonding Ni-based single-crystal heat-resistant alloys, which is useful for assembly and bonding of cast turbine blades, repair bonding of blades made of Ni-based single-crystal heat-resistant alloys, and the like.
（従来の技術とその課題）
Ｎｉ基耐熱合金の普通鋳造材は、０．５〜５ ｍｍ程度
の多結晶体から構成されており、これらの材料は、おも
にカスタービンの高温タービン用材料として使用されて
いる。これらの普通鋳造材の使用にあたっては、カスタ
ービンの起動、停止に伴う加熱と冷却でクリープおよび
熟成れによる割れか発生しやすいため、設計上の強さも
低く抑えられているのが実状である。これら強さの低下
はいずれも結晶粒界で生じているなめ、材料の性能の向
上を目的として、Ｎｉ基耐熱合金材料中の結晶粒界をな
くする方向での材料開発が進められている。(Prior art and its problems) Ordinary cast materials of Ni-based heat-resistant alloys are composed of polycrystals of about 0.5 to 5 mm, and these materials are mainly used as materials for high-temperature turbines. has been done. When using these ordinary casting materials, the design strength is also kept low because they tend to crack due to creep and aging due to the heating and cooling associated with starting and stopping the cast turbine. Since all of these decreases in strength occur at grain boundaries, material development is progressing in the direction of eliminating grain boundaries in Ni-based heat-resistant alloy materials with the aim of improving material performance.
一方、柱状晶一方向凝固材については、使用する圧力方
向の結晶粒界を除去することにより性能の向上かみられ
たか、この合金を高温で熱処理すると高温強度が向上す
るものの、Ｈｆ、Ｃ，Ｂ。On the other hand, for the columnar crystal unidirectionally solidified material, performance may be improved by removing the grain boundaries in the direction of the pressure used, or if this alloy is heat-treated at high temperature, the high-temperature strength is improved, but Hf, C, B .
Ｚｒなとの粒界強化元素か含まれているために、凝固組
織の完全溶体化が不可能で均一な組織か得られず、熱処
理による強化にも限界かあることか明らかになってきた
。このような背景から、粒界強化元素を含まず凝固組織
の完全溶体化が可能な単結晶合金の開発が進められ、Ｎ
ｉ基単結晶耐熱合金か開発されるにいたって、材料の高
温性能は飛躍的に向上することとなった。It has become clear that because grain boundary strengthening elements such as Zr are included, it is impossible to completely dissolve the solidified structure, making it impossible to obtain a uniform structure, and that there are limits to strengthening by heat treatment. Against this background, progress has been made in the development of single crystal alloys that do not contain grain boundary strengthening elements and are capable of complete solutionization of the solidified structure.
With the development of i-based single-crystal heat-resistant alloys, the high-temperature performance of the material improved dramatically.
しかしながら、このＮｉ基単結晶耐熱合金の実用材料と
しての普及には、その接合が非常に難しいという欠点が
あり、この課題を解決するだめの手段が必要とされてい
た。これまでに知られている拡散接合方法としては、材
料同志を直接接合するものと、接合面間にインサート金
属を挿入して接合するものとがあるか、依然として実用
技術として確立されていない現状にある。たとえば後者
の接合面間のインサート金属を一時的に溶融・液化した
後、拡散を利用して等温凝固させて接合づる液相拡散接
合法においても実用上の欠点を解消できないでいる。単
結晶材料を組立接合してガスタービン用ブレードを製造
する場合等において接合面での強度低下を防ぐため、大
傾角粒界の形成を抑える必要性から、結晶Ｗ４造が等し
く、格子定数の差が３％以内で、接合面でのＸ、Ｙ、Ｚ
軸回りの方位差の和が５度以内で接合する方法が提案さ
れてもいるが、この液相拡散方法では、液相拡散接合部
に析出相が析出し易い欠点か解消されていないのである
。最近の報告では、この接合部にタングステンを主成分
とする析出相が認められ、引張試験ではその析出相に沿
って破断することか認められる報告がある。However, the widespread use of this Ni-based single-crystal heat-resistant alloy as a practical material has the disadvantage that its joining is extremely difficult, and a means to solve this problem has been needed. The diffusion bonding methods known so far include those that directly bond materials together, and those that bond by inserting metal inserts between the bonding surfaces. be. For example, the latter liquid-phase diffusion bonding method, in which the insert metal between the bonding surfaces is temporarily melted and liquefied and then solidified isothermally using diffusion to form a bond, still has practical drawbacks. When manufacturing gas turbine blades by assembling and joining single crystal materials, it is necessary to suppress the formation of large-angle grain boundaries in order to prevent a decrease in strength at the joint surface. is within 3%, and X, Y, Z at the joint surface
A method has been proposed in which the sum of the misorientation around the axis is within 5 degrees, but this liquid phase diffusion method does not solve the drawback that a precipitated phase tends to precipitate at the liquid phase diffusion joint. . A recent report has found that a precipitated phase containing tungsten as a main component was observed in this joint, and that fracture occurred along the precipitated phase in a tensile test.
この発明は、以上の通りの事情に鑑みてなされたもので
あり、インサート金属のろう材を必要とすることなく、
Ｎｉ基単結晶耐熱合金を直接拡散接合して、接合部か母
材並みの引張り強さを有する拡散接合法を提供すること
を目的としている。This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and eliminates the need for insert metal brazing filler metal.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a diffusion bonding method in which a Ni-based single crystal heat-resistant alloy is directly diffusion bonded so that the tensile strength of the bonded portion is comparable to that of the base material.
（課題を解決するための手段）
この発明は、前記課題を解決するものとして、Ｎｉ基単
結晶耐熱合金を非酸化性雰囲気中で接合界面での原子配
列の整合性を高めて加圧・加熱し、接合面の結晶方位を
制御して単結晶材料を直接拡欣接合することを＃徴とす
るＮｆ基単結晶耐熱合金の拡散接合方法を提供する。(Means for Solving the Problems) This invention solves the above problems by pressurizing and heating a Ni-based single crystal heat-resistant alloy in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to improve the consistency of the atomic arrangement at the bonding interface. The present invention also provides a diffusion bonding method for Nf-based single-crystal heat-resistant alloys, which features direct expansion bonding of single-crystal materials by controlling the crystal orientation of the bonding surfaces.
この発明方法の実施に際しては、接合面の結晶面に垂直
な軸の回りの捻り角および／または傾斜角を与えること
を好ましい態様としてもいる。その際に傾斜角と捻り角
との和を７度以内に制御して接触させ再結晶が発生しな
いように拡散接合ずれは、その接合境界の接合強さは非
常に強いものとなり、その引張強さは母材並にまでなる
。すなわち、第１図に示したように、結晶面に垂直な軸
の回りに接合試料を捻って接合した場合、捻り角（θ）
が７度以内であれは、接合継手の曲げ強さは母材並に達
する。また、第２図に示したように、接合試料の結晶面
か傾斜している場合にも、その捻り角度（θ）と傾斜角
（δ）の和が７度以内であれば、接合継手の曲げ強さは
母材並に達する。When carrying out the method of the present invention, a preferred embodiment is to provide a twist angle and/or an inclination angle about an axis perpendicular to the crystal plane of the joint surface. At that time, the sum of the inclination angle and twist angle is controlled within 7 degrees to prevent recrystallization. The thickness becomes comparable to that of the base material. In other words, as shown in Figure 1, when the bonded sample is twisted and bonded around an axis perpendicular to the crystal plane, the twist angle (θ)
If the angle is within 7 degrees, the bending strength of the joint will reach the same level as the base material. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2, even if the crystal plane of the welded sample is inclined, if the sum of the twist angle (θ) and the inclination angle (δ) is within 7 degrees, the welded joint will be fine. The bending strength reaches the same level as the base material.
さらに、接合試料の結晶面が傾斜しているのみの場合に
も、その傾斜角（δ）が７度以内であれば、接合継手の
曲げ強さは母材並に達する。また、捻諷
り角か９０°の接合には結晶方位か一致することにもな
る。なお、拡散接合を実施するにあたっては、接合面の
表面処理や接合条件を接合試料に再結晶か発生しない態
様と範囲を適宜に選択する。Furthermore, even if the crystal plane of the bonded sample is only inclined, if the inclination angle (δ) is within 7 degrees, the bending strength of the bonded joint will reach the same level as the base material. In addition, the crystal orientation also matches when the twist angle is 90°. In performing diffusion bonding, the surface treatment of the bonding surface and the bonding conditions are appropriately selected in such a manner and range that recrystallization does not occur in the bonded sample.
また、この発明の方法においてはＮｉ基単結晶耐熱合金
の組成として種々のものが含まれることはいうまでもな
い。ＮｉＯ他に、Ｃｒ、Ｃｏ。Further, it goes without saying that in the method of the present invention, various compositions of the Ni-based single crystal heat-resistant alloy may be included. In addition to NiO, Cr and Co.
Ｍｏ、Ｔａ、ＡＩ、その他元素を適宜に含みうる。Mo, Ta, AI, and other elements may be included as appropriate.
以下、実施例を示してさらにこの発明の方法について詳
しく説明する。Hereinafter, the method of the present invention will be further explained in detail with reference to Examples.
（実施例１）
次の組成からなるＮｉ基単結晶耐熱合金（’Ｉ″ＭＳ−
２６）をＸ線ラウェ法によって測定した結晶方位に基づ
いてその方位を一致させ、インサート金属を用いること
なく直接拡散接合した。(Example 1) Ni-based single crystal heat-resistant alloy ('I''MS-
26) were aligned based on the crystal orientation measured by the X-ray Laue method, and direct diffusion bonding was performed without using an insert metal.
Ｃｒ ５．５９（ｖｔｔ％）、Ｃｏ
８．２０、
Ｗ １０．９５、
Ｍｏ １．９０、
’Ｉ”ａ ７．７０、
Ａ Ｉ ５．１３、
Ｃ０，００３，
００，０００８、
Ｎ Ｏ，０００９、残部
Ｎｉ、
この接合結果と、インサート金属としてＮｉ−１５Ｃｒ
−４Ｂを用いて液相拡散接合したときの結果とを対比し
て示したものか第１表である。Cr 5.59 (vtt%), Co
8.20, W 10.95, Mo 1.90, 'I''a 7.70, A I 5.13, C0,003, 00,0008, N O,0009, remainder
Ni, this joining result and Ni-15Cr as insert metal.
Table 1 shows a comparison with the results obtained when liquid phase diffusion bonding was performed using -4B.
インサート金属を用いて接合する比較例１の接合継手の
場合には、接合温度１２５０℃では母材かインサート金
属と反応して溶解するので、最高の接合温度を１２００
°Ｃとした。この接合継手は、接合部の析出相のため、
曲げ試験では接合界面で破断した。In the case of the joint of Comparative Example 1 in which insert metal is used for joining, at a joining temperature of 1250°C, either the base material or the insert metal will react and melt, so the highest joining temperature is set to 1200°C.
It was set to °C. This bonded joint has a precipitated phase at the joint.
In the bending test, it broke at the joint interface.
（実施例２〜３）
第１図に示したように接合面での結晶方位を回転軸とし
て回転させて接合面を接触させてＮｉ基単結晶耐熱合金
を拡散接合した。その場合の、捻り角と接合結果との関
係を示したものが第２表である。いずれの試料も接合す
る面を機械加工した後、エメリー研摩して表面加工層を
取り除いて拡散接合を行っており、いずれの試料にも接
合部には再結晶は見られなかった。この第２表から明ら
かなように、捻り角か７度および９０度（実施例２３）
の場合は接合継手の強さは母材並みであるが、７度以上
の３０度（比較例２）の場合は接合界面で破断した。(Examples 2 to 3) As shown in FIG. 1, Ni-based single crystal heat-resistant alloys were diffusion-bonded by rotating the crystal orientation at the bonding surfaces as a rotation axis and bringing the bonding surfaces into contact. Table 2 shows the relationship between the twist angle and the joining result in that case. In each sample, after the surfaces to be joined were machined, the surface treatment layer was removed by emery polishing and diffusion bonding was performed, and no recrystallization was observed at the joint in any of the samples. As is clear from this Table 2, the twist angle is 7 degrees and 90 degrees (Example 23)
In the case of , the strength of the bonded joint was comparable to that of the base material, but in the case of 7 degrees or more and 30 degrees (Comparative Example 2), it broke at the bond interface.
（実施例４）
接合面か５度傾斜している試料を用いて接合面の傾斜角
と捻り角の影響を検討した。その結果、第３表に示した
ように、接合面での捻り角と傾ｆ１角の和が７度以内〈
実施例４）の場合、その接合継手の曲げ試験では母材で
破断しな。しかし、捻り角と傾斜角の和が１５度以上（
比較例３）では接合強さは低く、接合界面で破断した。(Example 4) Using a sample in which the joint surface was inclined by 5 degrees, the influence of the inclination angle and twist angle of the joint surface was investigated. As a result, as shown in Table 3, the sum of the torsion angle and the inclination f1 angle at the joint surface was within 7 degrees.
In the case of Example 4), the bonded joint did not break at the base material in the bending test. However, the sum of the twist angle and the tilt angle is 15 degrees or more (
In Comparative Example 3), the bonding strength was low and it broke at the bonding interface.
（参考例）
接合する面を機械加工し、表面をエメリー処理して表面
加工層を取り除いた後に拡散接合を行った場合（実施例
１）と、機械加工後に表面加工１付を取り除いていない
場合（参考例）との接合試料の接合結果を対比して示し
たものか、第４表である。参考例の場合には曲げ試験に
おいて接合界面で破断し、接合強さは低かった。接合部
には再結晶が発生し７、接合強さは著しく低下している
。これはＮｉ基ｍ結晶の粒界の強さか非常に弱いことに
よるものである。(Reference example) When diffusion bonding is performed after the surfaces to be joined are machined and the surfaces are emery treated to remove the surface treatment layer (Example 1), and when the surface treatment 1 is not removed after machining. Table 4 shows a comparison of the bonding results of the bonded samples with (Reference Example). In the case of the reference example, the joint broke at the joint interface in the bending test, and the joint strength was low. Recrystallization occurred at the joint7, and the joint strength was significantly reduced. This is due to the extremely weak grain boundary strength of the Ni-based m-crystal.
（発明の効果）
以上訂しく説明したように、この発明により、Ｎｉ基単
結晶材料の接合界面は強度の低い大傾角結晶粒界とはな
らず、強度の大きい接合が実現される。接合によって大
きな単結晶体となる。結晶粒界にともなう脆化の問題は
ない。(Effects of the Invention) As explained in detail above, according to the present invention, the bonding interface of the Ni-based single crystal material does not become a large-angle grain boundary with low strength, and a bond with high strength is realized. By joining, it becomes a large single crystal. There is no problem of embrittlement associated with grain boundaries.
第１図は、接合面での捻り角を示した斜視図である。
第２図は、接合面での傾斜角と捻り角とを示した斜視図
である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the twist angle at the joint surface. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the inclination angle and twist angle at the joint surface.
Claims (3)
界面での原子配列の整合性を高めて加圧・加熱し、単結
晶材料を直接拡散接合することを特徴とするＮｉ基単結
晶耐熱合金の拡散接合方法。(1) Ni-based single-crystal heat-resistant alloy is pressurized and heated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to improve the consistency of the atomic arrangement at the bonding interface, and the single-crystal materials are directly diffusion bonded. Diffusion bonding method for crystalline heat-resistant alloys.
角および／または傾斜角を与える請求項（１）記載のＮ
ｉ基単結晶耐熱合金の拡散接合方法。(2) N according to claim (1), which provides a twist angle and/or an inclination angle perpendicular to the crystal plane of the bonding surface during bonding.
Diffusion bonding method for i-based single crystal heat-resistant alloy.
２）記載のＮｉ基単結晶耐熱合金の拡散接合方法。(3) Claim in which the sum of the angle of inclination and the angle of twist is within 7 degrees (
2) The diffusion bonding method for the Ni-based single crystal heat-resistant alloy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7684089A JPH02258182A (en) | 1989-03-30 | 1989-03-30 | Diffusion bonding method for Ni-based single crystal heat-resistant alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7684089A JPH02258182A (en) | 1989-03-30 | 1989-03-30 | Diffusion bonding method for Ni-based single crystal heat-resistant alloy |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02258182A true JPH02258182A (en) | 1990-10-18 |
| JPH0311874B2 JPH0311874B2 (en) | 1991-02-18 |
Family
ID=13616871
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7684089A Granted JPH02258182A (en) | 1989-03-30 | 1989-03-30 | Diffusion bonding method for Ni-based single crystal heat-resistant alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02258182A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0952184A (en) * | 1995-08-14 | 1997-02-25 | Natl Res Inst For Metals | Single crystal laminated material |
| US7731075B2 (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2010-06-08 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Welding of single crystal alloys |
-
1989
- 1989-03-30 JP JP7684089A patent/JPH02258182A/en active Granted
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0952184A (en) * | 1995-08-14 | 1997-02-25 | Natl Res Inst For Metals | Single crystal laminated material |
| US7731075B2 (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2010-06-08 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Welding of single crystal alloys |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0311874B2 (en) | 1991-02-18 |
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