JPH0227476Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The invention is based on the insulator with two
A plurality of pairs of first and second fixed contacts are disposed along concentric circles, and a movable contact provided on a movable body that is rotated about the axis is connected to the first and second fixed contacts. The present invention relates to a switch device that selectively contacts both fixed contacts.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, a neutral start switch for an automatic transmission has been provided as this type of switch device. Therefore, the movable contacts biased toward the insulator are disposed, and the movable contacts contact the insulator at the same time.
and a second fixed contact arranged in an arc shape around the shaft hole, further forming a band-shaped convex portion between the first and second fixed contacts that protrudes further in the direction of the movable body than these fixed contacts. However, when the movable body is moved from the state where the movable contact is in contact with the first and second fixed contacts, the movable contact rides on the convex portion against the spring and immediately separates from both fixed contacts and turns off. I'm trying to make it happen.

However, in such a conventional structure, when the movable contact rides on the protrusion, the movable contact first leaves the second fixed contact located on the shaft hole side, that is, inside, than the protrusion, or It is uncertain whether the first fixed contact, which is located on the opposite side of the shaft hole, that is, on the outside of the protruding portion, will come off first. By the way, there is a slight gap between the movable body and the movable contact, and there is play between them, so if the inner second fixed contact comes off first, the outer first The amount of rotation of the movable body is larger than when the fixed contact is removed first, and therefore there is variation in the amount of rotation of the movable body and the change in the on/off state of the switch, resulting in poor switching accuracy of the switch. There was. This switching accuracy further deteriorates when the movable contact wears out. Additionally, if the movable contact is connected to the positive side of the battery and separated from one of the fixed contacts, the movable contact will wear out due to arcing, resulting in poor contact and the back-up lamp not lighting up. It has the disadvantage of causing chattering.

[Purpose of the invention] The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to always remove the outer first contact when the movable contact is separated from the two arc-shaped first and second fixed contacts. The movable contact is separated from the fixed contact first, so that the switching contact is excellent, and the movable contact is separated from the first fixed contact while the first fixed contact is connected to the positive electrode side of the DC power supply. It is an object of the present invention to provide a switch device that can reliably prevent the movable contacts from being worn out by being separated from each other, thereby preventing the occurrence of poor contact.

[Summary of the invention] The invention includes a plurality of pairs of first and second fixings arranged in two rows on the outside and inside along two concentric circles centered on the axis of an insulator made of an insulating material. a movable contact capable of contacting both the first and second fixed contacts of the pair, the movable contact being positioned between the first and second fixed contacts to cause the movable contact to contact the first and second fixed contacts; Providing a protruding strip projecting on the insulator in a band shape of a predetermined width for moving and displacing the second fixed contact in a direction away from the second fixed contact, and cutting out a portion near the second fixed contact on the inner side of the protruding strip. A guide portion is provided at this portion for tilting the movable contact so as to separate the movable contact from the outer first fixed contact and contact the second fixed contact when the movable contact is opposed to the first fixed contact. The fixed contact is connected to the positive electrode side of the DC power source, and the second fixed contact is connected to the negative electrode side of the DC power source, and the arc generated when the movable contact is separated from the first fixed contact. The present invention is characterized in that the first fixed contact side is abraded and the movable contact is prevented from being abraded.

[Example] An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a base frame into which is fitted an insulator 2 integrally formed of plastic and formed into a fan shape, and one side of this is covered with a cover 3. 4 is a shaft hole 1a formed in both the base frame 1 and the cover 3.
and a movable body which is rotated along the insulator 2 within the cover 3 with the center of 3a as an axis, and movable contacts 6 and 7 are inserted into recesses 4a and 4b formed in this through coil springs 5 and 5. , the insulator is biased in two directions. Each movable contact 6, 7 is formed by punching out a plate material, and is positioned on radial lines a, b passing through the centers of the shaft holes 1a, 3a, as shown in FIG. The dimensions 1a and 3a up to the center are set to different dimensions d ₁ and d ₂ , respectively, and the lines a and b are arranged so that they have an opening angle of α.
8 to 11 are first fixed contacts disposed approximately in the center of the insulator 2 along an arc whose axis is the center of the shaft hole 1a so as to be able to contact both the movable contacts 6 and 7, and 12 to 14 are first fixed contacts. Shaft hole 1 is provided in insulator 2 so that only movable contact 6 can be contacted.
A second fixed contact arranged along an arc with the center of a as its axis, and these second fixed contacts 12 to 14 are all located closer to the shaft hole 1a than the first fixed contacts 8 to 11. The second fixed contact 12 is opposed to the first fixed contact 8, and the second fixed contact 13 is opposite to the first fixed contact 8.
is opposed to the first fixed contact 9, and the second fixed contact 14 is opposed to the first fixed contact 10. Further, 15 and 16 are third fixed contacts disposed in the insulator 2 along an arc with the center of the shaft hole 1a as the axis so as to be able to contact only the movable contact 7, and both of them are connected to the first fixed contacts 8 to 16. 11 is located on the opposite side of the shaft hole 1a, and the third fixed contact 15 is located on the opposite side of the shaft hole 1a.
The third fixed contact 16 is opposed to the first fixed contact 11 . Therefore, the fixed contacts 9, 13,
14 are each formed in a circular shape, but other than these fixed contacts 8, 10, 11, 12, 15,
Each of the fixed contacts 8 to 16 has a band shape extending along an arc whose axis is the center of the shaft hole 1a, and the sliding surfaces of the fixed contacts 8 to 16 that the movable contacts 6 and 7 come into contact with protrude slightly from the surface of the insulator 2. has been done. On the other hand, 17 to 20 are the first fixed contacts 8 to 11 and the second fixed contacts 1.
2 to 14, and are integrally molded to the insulator 2 at a portion that does not face each of the second fixed contacts 12 to 14 to bulge out higher than the sliding surface of each of the fixed contacts 8 to 16. These are strip-shaped protrusions having a predetermined width, and are positioned opposite to the coil springs 5 that bias the movable contacts 6 in the direction of the insulator 2. and,
One end of each of these protruding stripes 17 and 20 and both ends of each of the protruding stripes 18 and 19 have sloped surfaces 17a.
20a to 20a are formed and the inner side, that is, the shaft hole 1
Notches 17b to 20b are formed so as to face each second fixed contact 12 to 14 located on the a side.
is preformed. Further, 21 and 22 are located between the first fixed contacts 8 to 11 and the third fixed contacts 15 and 16, respectively.
These are strip-shaped protrusions of a predetermined width that are formed integrally with the insulator 2 and bulge out higher than the sliding surfaces of the fixed contacts 8 to 16 at the portions that do not face the fixed contacts 15 and 16. are positioned opposite to the coil springs 5 that urge the movable contacts 7 in the direction of the insulator 2.
One end portion of these protruding stripes 21 and the protruding stripes 2
2 are formed with inclined surfaces 21a and 22a, respectively, and notches 21b and 22b, 22b are formed in advance so as to face the respective first fixed contacts 10, 11 located on the inner side, that is, on the side of the shaft hole 1a. It is formed. The first fixed contacts 8, 10, 11 are connected to the positive electrode side of a DC power source, that is, a battery (not shown) via a load such as an indicator lamp, and the first fixed contact 9 is connected to the positive electrode side of a battery (not shown) through a load such as an indicator lamp. It is also connected to the positive side of the battery via the load. And second fixed contacts 12 to 14
are respectively body grounded and connected to the negative electrode side of a battery (not shown).

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained. The movable body 4 is linked to the operation of a select lever (not shown).
is rotated to position "P", the movable contact 6 moves to the first fixed contact 8
and the second fixed contact 12 to establish electrical continuity between them, and at this time, the movable contact 7 is positioned on the protruding strip 21 . Next, when the movable body 4 is rotated in the direction of arrow A and positioned at the "R" position, the movable contact 6 comes into contact with the first fixed contact 9 and the second fixed contact 13, and there is a gap between them. is made conductive, and from this state, the movable body 4 is further rotated by a predetermined angle in the direction of arrow A.
When the movable contact 7 is positioned at
contacts the first fixed contact 10 and the third fixed contact 15, respectively, and conducts between them, and at the same time, the movable contact 6 rides on the protruding strip 19, and from this state, the movable body 4 When the movable contact 6 is rotated by an angle α in the direction of the arrow A and positioned at the “D” position, the movable contact 6 comes into contact with the first fixed contact 10 and the second fixed contact 14, respectively, and conducts between them, and at the same time The movable contact 7 is in a state riding on the protruding portion 22,
When the movable body 4 is rotated by a predetermined angle in the direction of arrow A from this "D" position to the "L" position, the movable contact 7 is connected to the first fixed contact 11 and the third fixed contact 16. The movable contacts 6 come into contact with each other to establish conduction between them, and at the same time, the movable contacts 6 ride on the protruding strips 20. Below, as an example, the movable body 4 is moved from the "R" position to the arrow A.
The operation of the movable contact 6 when it is rotationally displaced in the direction will be explained. That is, the movable body 4 is "R"
When the movable contact 6 is positioned at
is in contact with both the first fixed contact 9 and the second fixed contact 13 (see FIGS. 4 and 5). In this state, the indicator lamp and the backup lamp, which consumes relatively large amount of power, are lit, and a large current flows through the movable contact 6. Then, arrow A of the movable body 4
When the movable contact 6 is displaced in the same direction as the movable contact 6 is moved in the same direction, the movable contact 6 is guided by the inclined surface 19a and comes to ride on the protruding strip 19, but the movable contact 6 is moved in the vicinity of the fixed contact 13. Since the cutout portion 19b is formed in the protruding portion 19 at the position, the movable contact 6 is connected to the coil spring 5.
The movable contact 6 is rotated in the direction of arrow B by the urging force of , and the movable contact 6 remains in contact with the second fixed contact 13 on the inner side, that is, the shaft hole 1a side.
is first separated from the first fixed contact 9 on the outside, that is, on the side opposite to the shaft hole 1a, and enters the OFF state (see FIG. 6). At this time, an arc occurs between the movable contact 6 and the first fixed contact 9.
Since the fixed contact 9 is connected to the positive electrode side of the battery, and the fixed contact 6 is connected to the negative electrode side of the battery, the wear due to the above-mentioned arc occurs on the first fixed contact 9 side. When the movable body 4 is further rotated in the direction of arrow A from this state, the movable contact 6 crosses the notch 19a and the convex strip 1
9, the movable contact 6 is rotated back in the opposite direction of arrow B, contrary to the above, and the movable contact 6 is placed on the inside of the second
However, since the movable contact 6 is already separated from the first fixed contact 9 at this time, the arc as described above does not occur. The above explanation is for the case where the movable body 4 is rotationally displaced in the direction of the arrow A from the "R" position. Even when the movable contacts 6, 7 are displaced in the direction of the arrow B by the action of the notches 17b to 22b, the movable contacts 6, 7 are rotated in the direction of the arrow B in the same manner as described above, and the movable contacts 6, 7 are moved to the opposite side from the shaft hole 1a, that is, the outer side. The fixed contacts are separated first and turned off, and when the movable contacts 6, 7 come off the notches 17a to 22a and ride on the protrusions 17 to 22, the movable contacts 6, 7 return in the opposite direction of arrow B. Due to the displacement, the movable contacts 6 and 7 also separate from the fixed contact on the shaft hole 1a side, that is, on the inside.

In the above configuration, when the movable body 4 is rotated to move from one position to an adjacent position, the movable contacts 6 and 7 are surely separated from the fixed contacts located inside and turned off. Since it is set so that the recesses 4a, 4
b and the movable contacts 6, 7 in the directions of arrow A and counter-arrow A. The operating angle of the movable body 4 can be made smaller compared to the case where the movable body 4 is separated, and therefore, the variation in the amount of rotation of the movable body 4 and the state change between on and off of the switch can be minimized, and the switching of the switch can be Accuracy can be improved.

Further, since the first fixed contacts 8 to 11, which are separated when the movable contact 6 is turned off, are connected to the positive electrode side of the battery, and the movable contact 6 is connected to the negative electrode side of the battery at this time, The first
The fixed contacts 8 to 11 wear out, but the movable contact 6 does not wear out at all. Therefore, unnecessary contact or failure of the load due to wear of the movable contact 6 is reliably prevented. Incidentally, the occurrence of arc is greatest when the load is selected from the "R" position, which consumes a large amount of power, to "P" or "N", but when selecting between other positions, the movable contact 6 causes no arc. Since no wear occurs, it has a long life and can reliably prevent problems caused by wear.

[Effects of the invention] As is clear from the above description, the present invention is such that when the movable contact is separated from the two arcuate rows of first and second fixed contacts, the movable contact is always connected to the positive side of the DC power source on the outside. It is possible to provide a switch device which has excellent switching accuracy and can reliably prevent the movable contacts from being worn out by arcs, since the first fixed contacts are separated first.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view of the base frame, Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view, Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view, and Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the main parts. 5 and 6 are action explanatory diagrams cut along the - line and - line of FIG. 4, respectively. In the drawing, 2 is an insulator, 4 is a movable body,
6 and 7 are movable contacts, 8 to 16 are fixed contacts, 17 to 22 are convex portions, 17a and 22
a is an inclined surface, and 17b to 22b are notches.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] an insulator made of an insulating material; a plurality of pairs of first and second fixed contacts arranged on the insulator in two rows on the outside and inside along two concentric circles centered on the axis; A movable body that rotates around an axis, and a movable body that is provided on the movable body so as to be able to contact both the first and second fixed contacts that form a pair according to the rotation of the movable body. a movable contact oriented in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotational direction; a spring biasing the movable contact in a direction in which the movable contact contacts the first and second fixed contacts; A movable contact is positioned between the second fixed contacts and protrudes from the insulator in a band shape of a predetermined width, and moves the movable contact in a direction away from the first and second fixed contacts against the spring. By cutting out a portion of the protruding portion near the second fixed contact on the inner side, when the movable contact is opposed to this portion, the movable contact is attached to the first fixed contact on the outer side. a guide portion that is spaced apart from and inclined so as to contact the second fixed contact on the inner side, and connects the first fixed contact to the positive electrode side of the DC power source, and A switch device characterized by connecting a fixed contact to the negative pole side of a DC power supply.