JPH02277875A - Texture sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable finding out of fabric defects caused by twisting, damages, etc., of yarns by rotatably and drivably arranging a moire producing means adjacent to a running fabric in a plane parallel to the above-mentioned fabric, picking up an image of formed moire fringes and displaying a stationary image thereof. CONSTITUTION:A moire producing means 3 composed by forming slits gradually changing dividing density on a transparent substrate placed adjacently to a running fabric 12 is rotatably supported with a supporting member 4 in a plane parallel to the above-mentioned running fabric 12 and simultaneously constructed so as to enable rotating and driving of the aforementioned moire producing means 3 to a position where the above-mentioned slits are in conformity with the texture of the aforementioned fabric 12. Furthermore, moire fringes formed by interference of projected light from a light source 1 passing through the above-mentioned moire producing means 3 with the aforementioned slits according to the texture density are picked up with a charge-coupled device(CCD) camera 7 and taken in as a stationary image, which is simultaneously display the image on a CRT display 9.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a device for detecting the condition of cloth grain, and is particularly suitable for detecting the condition of cloth grain while running in a production process.

[Prior art]

As this type of detection device, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-534
The one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 69 is known.

The above-mentioned conventional detection device is disposed close to a light source and a cloth that crosses the light projected from the light source, and is arranged symmetrically in the warp direction of the cloth at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the warp. A plurality of unit division slits arranged with tilt angles shifted by an angle were arranged in parallel, and division slits having the same inclination angle as the above-mentioned inclination angle and different slit density were arranged in parallel in the weft direction. a group of divided slits for generating moire; a condensing lens group for condensing moire generated between the divided slit group and the weft of the cloth; and a plurality of unit divided slits on the rear side of the condensing lens group. a moiré imaging slit group comprising a plurality of unit imaging slits arranged to face each other, and each slit's long axis is arranged parallel to the opposing unit division slits; and the imaging slit. A photoelectric transformer group of 8 photoelectric transformers each having a unit photoelectric converter arranged to face each unit imaging slit of the group, and each output voltage of the photoelectric converter group are electrically scanned to obtain -scanning time. The photoelectric converter that exhibits the maximum output voltage is selected, and an electric signal circuit that outputs a voltage proportional to the (IN oblique angle) of the weft is constructed.

In the above detection device, when the weft density of the cloth and the slit density of the divided slit group become almost equal by adjusting the movement of the divided slit group, the slit density of the divided slit group and the weft density of the cloth are determined by the light projected onto the cloth. Moiré occurs around the area where the images match. After condensing this moiré image with a condensing lens, the light passing through the imaging slit group is equivalent to one weft thread when the cloth is running. The light flux contains an alternating component whose period is the time it takes for the cloth to travel the distance. As a result, the output of the photoelectric converter group also includes an alternating component, the amplitude of which is maximum in the unit photoelectric converter facing the unit dividing slit parallel to the weft. Therefore, the inclination angle of the weft thread can be detected by selecting the photoelectric converter having the maximum output using the electric signal circuit and extracting a voltage proportional to the inclination angle of the weft thread.

Further, in the above device, when the weft density and the slit density match, no optical interference occurs, and the photoelectric converter corresponding to this portion can obtain the maximum output. Utilizing this fact, it is also possible to detect the weft density of the cloth.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

By the way, in addition to the above-mentioned density and inclination angle of the threads, the fabric has to satisfy various requirements such as the presence or absence of twisted parts of the threads and the presence or absence of flaws on the thread surface, so that the quality of the fabric is uniform and excellent. It becomes a material.

Whether or not each of these requirements is satisfied is determined empirically based on the state of moiré fringes formed according to the density of the slits and the texture.

In other words, in the moiré stripes mentioned above, defects caused by twists and scratches in the thread appear as changes in the stripe state (for example, a uniform and beautiful striped pattern becomes disordered at a location where there are scratches or twists). .

The operator makes an empirical judgment based on visual observation of this change, and takes appropriate measures.

The condition of moire stripes as described above is an important determining factor in the fabric quality control system.

By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional detection device, as described above, it is possible to digitally grasp the inclination angle and density of the weft thread of the running fabric, and based on each data, the operator can determine the inclination angle of the weft thread. It is possible to adjust the density. However, it is not possible to visually grasp the state change expressed by the moiré fringes as described above.

The reason why a device with a function that allows the operator to visually check the state of moire fringes has not yet been developed is because the image of moiré fringes remains stationary because the cloth is running. Lack of availability is a major deterrent.

Furthermore, with the above-mentioned conventional device, density and f'J oblique angle can only be detected for weft yarns, and it is difficult to detect density and f'J oblique angle for fabrics made of various knitting and weaving methods that meet the demands of today's diversified society. It also has drawbacks that cannot be addressed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a cloth grain detection device having a function that allows an operator to visually recognize moiré fringes that change depending on the condition of the weft and other yarns constituting the running cloth in a stationary state. It is to be.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the main means adopted by the present invention is that a light source and a running cloth irradiated with light projected from the light source are disposed close to each other;
moire generating means comprising slits whose division density gradually changes; supporting means rotatably supporting the moire generating means in a plane parallel to the running cloth; A driving means for rotationally driving the moire generating means, and interference between the slit and a light beam that passes through the moire generating means, which is rotationally driven by the driving means to a position where the slit and the grain of the running cloth are aligned. an imaging means for imaging moire fringes formed according to the grain density of the running cloth; a still image capturing means for causing the imaging means to capture a still image of the moire fringes; It comprises an image display means for displaying on a screen the captured moire stripes in a static state, and a density detection means for detecting the density of the grain of the running cloth from the state of the moire fringes displayed on the screen by the image display means. This is a cloth grain detection device related to the following points.

[Effect]

In the cloth grain detection device according to the present invention, the moire generating means is rotated by the driving means to a position where the slit and the weft, for example, forming the grain of the running cloth are aligned. Moire fringes formed in accordance with the density of the weft of the traveling cloth are imaged by the imaging means due to interference between the light beams passing through the moire generating means and the slits.

In this case, the moiré fringes in a stationary state are captured by the still image capture means and displayed on the image display means.

Then, the density of the weft of the running cloth is detected by the density detection means from the state of the moire stripes displayed on the screen by the image display means.

Therefore, in the above detection device, the moire generating means is rotated by the driving means and the slits are aligned parallel to the threads constituting the cloth grain, so that the moire fringes made of the weft and other threads are kept stationary. Can be visually recognized.

〔Example〕

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Examples embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention. It should be noted that the following examples are examples embodying the present invention, and are not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention.

Here, FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a texture detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 shows a side view;
FIG. 3B is a plan view of the moire generating means constituting the cloth grain detection device, and (el and +d+ are patterns IIU of an example of moire fringes displayed on the screen of the image display means constituting the cloth grain detection device, respectively) , j1!21m shows the structure of the cloth grain angle detection means constituting the cloth grain detection device, and the figure (If+ is a side sectional view).

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the control system of the cloth grain detection device, and FIG. 4 shows the density of the cloth It is an explanatory diagram showing a procedure when detecting.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the texture detection device according to this embodiment includes a light source 1, a reducing means 2, a moire generating means 3, a supporting means 4, and a driving means 5. , enlarging means 6, imaging means 7, still image capturing means 8, image display means 9, density detector ￥jt10, and cloth angle detecting means 1
1.

The light source 1 is for irradiating light onto the running cloth 12, and in this embodiment, it is arranged on the back side α of the layer 12 so that the light can pass through the cloth 12. has been done. The light projected from the back side of the cloth 12 toward the cough cloth 12 is converted into parallel light by the projection lens 13.

If the cloth 12 is thick, it is difficult for the light to shine on this cloth. Therefore, the light source 1 is provided on the surface side of the cloth 12, and the light projected from the light source 1 is directed to the surface of the cloth 12. It may also be reflected by

The reduction means 2 is disposed close to the surface of the cloth 12 and functions to reduce the image of the layer 12 by a predetermined magnification (for example, 1/2 times).

In the moire generating means 3 (see the peaks in Figure 1), the division density gradually changes from one end of the transparent substrate toward the other end, and the same magnification as that reduced by the reduction means 2 is used. A reduced slit is carved into the hole.

In this case, moire fringes are formed depending on the density of, for example, the weft and warp yarns constituting the cloth 12 due to interference between the light beams passing through the moire generating means 3 and the slits.

Figure 1(e) shows the moiré fringes that are formed when the thread direction and the slit direction are parallel, and the moire fringes that are formed when the thread direction and the slit direction are at an angle. The moiré fringes are shown in FIG. 1dl.

In the moire fringes formed as described above, light does not interfere (no moire fringes occur) in the part where the thread density and slit density match, and the amount of light transmitted in this part is
The area where the moiré fringes occur is the opposite to the area where the area is at its maximum.

Therefore, a scale corresponding to the thread density is provided in advance along the direction perpendicular to the slit, and the scale corresponds to the center point of the spatial portion where the amount of light transmission without optical interference is maximum, as described above. By reading, the density of the warp and weft can be detected.

In addition, by adopting a structure incorporating the reduction means 2 as described above, it is possible to make the moire generation means 3 more compact. As a result, the moiré generating means 3 can be made into a shape that is extremely easy to handle, and it is also possible to reduce the size and cost of the entire device.

Further, in this embodiment, the reduction means 2 is omitted, and a moire generating means is used that has slits with a dividing density corresponding to the thread density of the full-sized warp and weft yarns constituting the cloth 12. is also possible.

The support means 4 supports a cylindrical support member 14 on the cloth 12.
In this embodiment, the - set of bearings 4□ is supported rotatably in a plane parallel to the bearings 4□.

It is composed of 4. The moire generating means 3 is disposed at the tip of the support member 14 on the cloth 12 side so as to be able to form a film thereon. Therefore, the moire generating means 3 is rotatable in a plane parallel to the cloth 12.

The drive hand It5 is for rotationally driving the moiré generating means 3 rotatably supported by the support means 4, and is a gear 14 carved on the outer peripheral surface of the support member 14. ．． and a spur gear 16 attached to the motor 15
are interlocked. An engoder 17 for detecting the rotation angle of the support member 14 and the moire generating means 3 is attached to the motor 15.

The imaging means 7 is for imaging moire fringes formed according to the density of the grain of the cloth 12 due to the interference between the light beam passing through the moire-generating hand &3 and the slit, and is, for example, a CCD television. A camera is used. The flat means is attached to the support member 14 and is rotatable together with the moire generating means 3 in a plane parallel to the cloth 12.

In this case, the imaging means 7 may be structured to be rotatable independently from the moire generating means 3, and the rotational movement of the moire generating means 3 may be controlled to follow.

The imaging means 7 has an enlarger V! for enlarging the moiré fringes. t6 (zoom lens) is attached, and by setting the magnification of this magnifying means 6 to 2x, for example, the moire fringes formed at 1/2x magnification are reduced to 1/1 in this embodiment device. It can be made to the original size.

By appropriately changing the magnification of the enlarging means 6, it is possible to capture an overall image or a partial detailed image of the moire fringes.

In this case, it is also possible to omit the enlarging means 6 and the reducing means 2 to simplify the configuration of the entire apparatus.

At this time, it is necessary to use the moire generating means 3 that is 1/1 the original size.

The still image capturing means 8 (FIG. 3) causes the image capturing means 7 to capture a still image of the moiré fringes. The operation of the still image capturing means 8 is performed in the following procedure.

That is, the grain angle detection means 11 (to be described later) detects the inclination angle of the grain, and the moire generating means 3 detects the inclination angle of the grain according to this value.
Then, the imaging means 7 is rotated to a position where the slit of the moire generating means 3 and the grain of the cloth 12 are aligned.

Then, a synchronizing signal is outputted from the timing circuit 18 to the gate circuit 19, and the data of the moire fringe imaged by the imaging means 7 is inputted to the density detection means 10 in the image processing apparatus.

The data acquisition timing is controlled by the gate circuit 19, but at the same time, it is also possible to use a flash in order to increase the amount of light #1. Furthermore, a liquid crystal shutter with excellent responsiveness may be used for the light source 1 that can project a large amount of light.

The image display means 9 displays on the screen the moire fringe in a static state captured by the still image capture means 8, and the image display means 9 may be, for example, a CRT
is used.

The density detection means 10 detects the density of the weave of the cloth 12 from the state of the moire stripes displayed on the screen by the image display means 9.

Below, a procedure for detecting the density of the grain of the cloth 12 using the density detecting means 10 will be described.

First, at a position where the slits of the moire generating means 3 and, for example, weft threads constituting the grain of the cloth 12 are aligned in parallel, the static image capturing means 8 collects moire fringe data from the density detecting means 10.
Enter. The state of the moire fringes displayed by the image display means 9 at this time is shown in FIG. 1 (cl).

Then, window 2 is displayed on the screen of the image display element VIt9.
0 (see FIG. 4), and the state of the moiré fringes within the frame surrounded by the window 20 is detected.

That is, each data of the black pixel part formed by the moire fringes and the other white pixel part is taken in, and while detecting the division state due to the moire fringes within the window 20, the window 20 is displayed on the screen. Scan it above. and,
A part that does not cause optical interference in a relatively wide range,
That is, the position on the screen of the center point (the center point 201 in the window 20) of the part where the slit density and the weft density almost match and appear as white pixels is processed,
The value on the scale 21 representing the density corresponding to this position is read. The weft density thus read is digitally displayed on the data display device 22.

Note that the scale 21 is displayed on the screen of the image display means 9 using software.

In the state of the moire stripes shown in FIG. 1(0), the density of the cloth grains (for example, weft threads) is 42 per inch.

Moreover, as mentioned above, the slit of the moire generating means 3 and the cloth 1
If the weft threads of No. 2 and No. 2 are not aligned in parallel,
Moiré fringes are formed in the pattern shown in .

As is clear from the figure, the moiré fringes have a shape that looks like multiple chevron waveforms are superimposed, and in this case,
The position of the tip (top portion) of the chevron-shaped moiré stripes is detected by image processing. Note that, in order to improve accuracy, it is desirable to perform thinning processing on the moire fringe pattern.

The grain angle detection means 11 is as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
a slit 24 through which the light transmitted through the grain of the cloth passes; a support means 25 for rotatably supporting the slit 24 in a plane parallel to the cloth 12; and a support means 25 for supporting the slit 24 supported by the support means 25. Drive means 2 for rotational driving
6, and a detector @27 which detects the inclination angle of the cloth grain based on the amount of light passing through the slit 24 which is rotationally driven by the driving means 26.

The light source 23 is arranged on the back side of the cloth 12, and is converted into parallel light by a projection lens 28. In this case, the light source 2
3 may be placed on the surface side of the cloth 12 so that the surface of the layer 12 reflects light.

The perforation width of the slit 24 is set to a larger value (for example, 0.1 to 0.2 m) than one pitch of the weft and warp yarns constituting the cloth 12, and the gap between the yarns is The slits 24 are formed in such a way that one row can be taken into the width along each prefecture. The support plate 29 is rotatably supported by a bearing constituting the support means 25.

In the drive means 26, a gear 29. The worm gear 30 is meshed with the worm gear 30, and the worm gear 30 is rotationally driven by a motor 31. The motor 31 is provided with the detection means 2.
An encoder 32 constituting the cloth 12 is connected, and the encoder 32 detects the rotation angle of the slit 24, that is, the inclination angle of the warp and weft yarns constituting the cloth 12.

The detection means 27 includes a photoelectric converter 33 that converts the intensity change of the light transmitted through the slit 24 into an electrical signal, and the charging converter 33 is connected to the base 36 along with the objective lens 34 and the condensing lens 35. It is integrally supported by. The above structure improves the assembly accuracy of the optical system.

The angle of inclination of the grain of the cloth 12 is detected by the encoder 32 detecting the rotation angle of the slit 24 corresponding to the position where the maximum value of the electric signal detected by the photoelectric converter 33 is output. Ru.

That is, in the grain angle detection means 11 having the above configuration, the light il! The light projected from I23 is converted into parallel light by the projection lens 28, and is transmitted through the cloth 12.

After condensing the transmitted light, the transmitted light is made to enter the photoelectric converter 33 through the rotationally driven slit 24,
The photoelectric converter 33 converts the intensity change of the incident light into an electrical signal. Thereafter, amplification waveform processing is performed to output a voltage proportional to the amplitude of the alternating voltage. Then, the output voltage becomes the largest value when the long axis direction of the slit matches, for example, the weft direction of the cloth 12, when the amount of light transmitted becomes maximum. In other words, since the slit direction when the output voltage is maximum indicates the weft direction, the weft angle of the cloth 12 is indicated by the slit angle. That is, the inclination angle of the weft is detected by the encoder 32 and digitally displayed by the data display device 22.

In this embodiment, as described above, since the slit 24 is driven to rotate 360 degrees with respect to the cloth 12, the inclination angle of not only the weft but also the warp and other yarns forming the structure of woven or knitted fabrics can be adjusted. Its features can be detected continuously.

Incidentally, the grain angle detection means 11 may be omitted, and the operator may directly read the inclination angle of the grain of the cloth 12.

That is, while setting a reference line on the moire generating means 3,
A scale for angle detection is displayed as a composite image on the image display means 9 in correspondence with the reference line, and the reference line is rotationally driven by the rotation operation of the support member 14 by the operator. Then, when the moire fringes displayed on the image display means 9 are in the state shown in FIG. 1(c), the viewing angle of the reference line on the moire-generating hand IIt3 is read on the scale. As a result, it is possible to directly know the inclination angle of the threads that make up the texture.

The texture detection device according to this embodiment is configured as described above.

Next, a procedure for detecting the density and inclination angle of, for example, the weft yarns constituting the cloth 12 using the cloth grain detection device will be described.

First, the slit 24 of the grain angle detecting means 11 is rotationally driven to detect the inclination angle of the weft of the cloth 12. Then, the driving means 5 is driven and controlled based on the data from the encoder 32 at this time, and the moiré generating means 3 and the imaging means 7 are rotationally driven. And the moiré-generating hand v! The driving means 5 is stopped at a position where the slit &3 and the weft of the cloth 12 are aligned in parallel.

Incidentally, the inclination angle of the weft at this time is determined by the data display device 2.
Digitally displayed on 2.

As described above, the slit of the moire generating means 3 and the cloth 12
When the weft threads of the cloth 12 are aligned in parallel, a synchronization signal is output from the timing circuit 1B to the gate circuit 19, and the density of the weft threads of the cloth 12 is changed due to the interference between the light beam passing through the moiré generating means 3 and the slit. A still image of the moire fringes formed accordingly is captured by the imaging means 7.

The moire fringes in a static state imaged as described above are displayed on the screen of the image display means 9 (see [01 in FIG. 1), and the density of the weft is detected by the density detection means 10. The data at this time is digitally displayed by the data display device 22.

In this embodiment, the case where the density and inclination angle of the weft threads constituting the cloth 12 are detected is explained as an example, but instead of the above-mentioned weft threads, the density and inclination angle of warp threads or other threads may also be detected. It goes without saying that it is possible.

Therefore, according to the device of this embodiment, in addition to detecting the density and inclination angle of the weft and other yarns that make up the running cloth, it is also possible to detect moire fringes that change depending on the conditions of each prefecture in a stationary state. can be visually checked by the operator.

As a result, based on the operator's empirical judgment, it is possible to discover defects caused by yarn twists and scratches based on the condition of the moire stripes, and to promptly take appropriate measures in response to the defect condition. I can do it.

Therefore, the quality control system for fabrics is greatly improved.

In addition, the grain fIJ of the above cloth! The oblique angle is determined by the image display means 9.
It is also possible to detect the moire fringes displayed on the screen by image processing, but in this case, a large-capacity computer system is required. but,
By providing the grain angle detection means 11 as in the device of this embodiment, it is not necessary to use a processing program for detecting the slope angle of the cloth grain as described above and an expensive large-capacity computer to process it at high speed. Because it disappears,
The entire device can be constructed relatively inexpensively and compactly.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the present invention includes a light source, a moire generating means provided in close proximity to a running cloth irradiated with light projected from the light source, and comprising a slit whose division density gradually changes; supporting means for rotatably supporting the moire generating means in a plane parallel to the running cloth; driving means for rotatably driving the moire generating means supported by the supporting means; and the slit and the running cloth. image of moire fringes formed according to the density of the grain of the traveling cloth due to interference between the light beam transmitted through the moire generating means rotated by the driving means and the slit to a position where the grains of the traveling cloth align with each other. an image capturing means, a still image capturing means for causing the image capturing means to capture a still image of the moire fringe, an image display means for displaying on a screen the moire fringe in a static state captured by the still image capturing means; The cloth grain detection device is characterized by comprising a density detection means for detecting the grain density of the running cloth from the state of the moire stripes displayed on the screen by the image display means. The operator can visually check moiré fringes that change depending on the condition of the yarn and other threads in a stationary state.

Therefore, fabric defects caused by twisted or damaged threads can be discovered in the fabric production process based on the state of the moire stripes, and the operator can quickly take appropriate measures to eliminate these defects.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a cloth grain detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1(a) is a side view (bl
2 is a plan view of the moire generating means constituting the cloth grain detection device; FIG. This figure shows the structure of the grain angle detecting means constituting the cloth grain detecting device, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the control system of the cloth grain detection device, and is an explanatory diagram showing the procedure for detecting the cloth grain density by the density detection means constituting the cloth grain detection device. [Explanation of symbols] 1.・Light source 3...Moiré generating means 4...Supporting means 5...Driving means 7...Imaging means 8...Still image capturing means 9...Image display means 10...Density detection means 12...cloth.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Moiré generating means comprising a light source and a slit that is disposed close to the running cloth irradiated with light projected from the light source and whose division density gradually changes; a supporting means for rotatably supporting the moire generating means in a plane parallel to the running cloth; a driving means for rotatably driving the moire generating means supported by the supporting means; and the slit and the running cloth. image of moire fringes formed according to the density of the grain of the traveling cloth due to interference between the light beam transmitted through the moire generating means rotated by the driving means and the slit to a position where the grains of the traveling cloth align with each other. an imaging means; a still image capturing means for causing the imaging means to capture a still image of the moire fringes; and an image displaying means for displaying on a screen the moire fringes in a static state captured by the still image capturing means; A texture detection device comprising: density detection means for detecting the density of the texture of the running cloth from the state of moire fringes displayed on a screen by an image display means.