JPH02290505A - Method and device for measuring sectional area - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To measure the sectional area of a body to be measured which crosses a specific plane from plural obtained external diameter values with high accuracy by measuring the external diameters of the body to be measured in different directions with light traveling along the specific plane crossing the body to be measured. CONSTITUTION:A photodetection part 18 outputs an edge detection signal inversing every time the light passes the edge of the body 2 to be measured and the signal is inputted to an external diameter calculating means 20. This means 20 calculates the external diameter values according to sweep characteristics such as the sweep cycle of the light and the inversion timing of the edge detection signal. Further, a moving table controller 21 and a motor controller 22 drive a stepping motor 13 and a moving table 15 with the control signal from a sectional area calculating means 25. Then, the means 25 sends a control signal to the controllers 21 and 22 to calculate the sectional area from the external diameter values outputted from the means 20. Thus, the sectional area of the body 2 to be measured is calculated from the plural external diameter values measured in the different directions, so high-accuracy sectional area measuring operation is performed.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field of the Invention Prior Art (Fig. 8) For example, when measuring the outer diameter of a long and thin object such as various rollers or cords without contact, , optical measurement methods have traditionally been used.

That is, as shown in FIG. 8, an object to be measured 2 is placed in the center of an optical sensor 1 that receives parallel light beams, and the amount of received light beam intercepted by the object to be measured 2 or the amount of the object to be measured is By detecting the timing at which the light beam crosses the edge of the object 2, the outer diameter R of the object to be measured is measured with high accuracy (to the nearest micrometer).

However, in recent years, there has been a desire to measure not only the outer diameter but also the cross-sectional area.

For this reason, a method is used in which the outer diameter R of an object that is thought to have a circular cross-sectional shape is measured, and the area of a circle having the outer diameter R as the diameter is taken as the cross-sectional area of the object.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, the cross-sectional shape of an actual object to be measured is very rarely a perfect circle, and this type of outer diameter measurement, which can measure the outer diameter with high precision in μm units, is particularly difficult. This method involves measuring even slight irregularities and irregularities on the outer surface of the object to be measured.
The method of determining the cross-sectional area using the outer diameter value R measured in one direction has low measurement accuracy, and a more reliable measurement method is desired.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for measuring cross section II4 that solves this problem.

Means for Solving the Problems> In order to solve the above problems, the cross-sectional area measuring method of the present invention includes measuring the outer diameter of an object to be measured in different directions using light along a predetermined plane intersecting the object The cross-sectional area that intersects with a predetermined plane of the object to be measured is calculated from the plurality of outer diameter values obtained.

Also, the cross-sectional area measurement of the present invention'! & is an outer diameter measuring means for receiving measurement light along a predetermined plane and measuring the outer diameter of the object to be measured corresponding to the direction of the measurement light, which is arranged so as to block a part of this measurement light. , measuring direction variable means for relatively changing the measurement direction of the outer diameter measuring means with respect to the object to be measured on a predetermined plane; and area brightening means for extracting a cross-sectional area that intersects with a plane.

Effect> Therefore, since the cross-sectional area of the object to be measured is calculated based on a plurality of outer diameter values measured from different directions, highly accurate cross-sectional area measurement can be performed.

Examples of the present invention> (Figures 1 to 3) Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a cross-sectional area measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a mechanism section of the embodiment.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 10 denotes a measurement base, and 11 and 12 denote support plates that support the object to be measured 2 parallel to the measurement base 10 and rotatably at both ends. A step motor 13 is attached, and its rotating shaft 13a
The chuck 14 provided at the tip of the support plate 1 on the other side
Both ends of the object to be measured 2 are rotatably supported by chucks 12a provided on the object 2.

Reference numeral 15 denotes a moving table that moves the optical sensor 16 in the X-Y direction with respect to the measurement base 10.

The optical sensor 16 includes a light projecting section 17 and a light receiving section 18.
Light along a plane perpendicular to the supporting direction of the measurement base 10 and the object to be measured 2 is outputted from the light projecting section 17, and the light is outputted from the light receiving section 18.
Then, an edge detection signal that is inverted every time this light passes an edge of the object to be measured is output.

This edge detection signal is input to the outer diameter calculation means 20 as shown in FIG. , highlight the outer diameter value.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a movable platform system 10 device, and 22 a motor-controlled Ill device, which drive the step motor 13 and the movable platform 15 in response to a control signal from a cross-sectional area calculation means 25, which will be described later.

Note that this moving table control device 1t21 can be manually driven (not shown).

The cross-sectional area brightening means 25 is composed of, for example, a personal computer, and when the measurement conditions and initial position are set in advance, it sends a control signal to the movable platform system a device 21 and the movable control device 22 to determine the outer diameter itching. The cross-sectional area is calculated based on the outer diameter value outputted from the means 20, and the calculation results are displayed.

Reference numeral 26 denotes an outer diameter value storage means for storing outer diameter values, and 27 indicates movement conditions to the movable table controller @ 21 and the motor controller 22 based on the set angle pitch φ, length pitch p1, number of measurement cross sections N. Set the movement control means.

28 is an ellipse area calculation that calculates the area of an ellipse whose orthogonal axes are the outer diameter values that are perpendicular to each other on the same plane from the outer diameter values stored in the outer diameter value storage means 26, and averages the ellipse area for each cross section. Means 29 is the calculated area of N ellipses as the number of cross sections N
This is an average calculation means that averages the average value. 30 is a display device that displays the result of this average calculation as a cross-sectional area of the object to be measured;
Reference numeral 1 denotes display switching means for displaying the outer diameter value or the ellipse area on the display device 30.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of this cross-sectional area calculation means 25.

First, the measurement start position ifL, angle pitch φ, length pitch p, and number of measurement cross sections N are L=20 mm and φ=
When set to 10 degrees, p=5 mm, and N=10, a positioning command is output, and the initial position of the optical sensor is determined as shown in FIG. 4 (steps 1 to 3).

When the initial positioning is completed, the current position of the optical sensor 16 (Xo in the x coordinate) and the rotation angle θ of the step motor M are “
0'', and the outer diameter value at this time is stored as R (X, θ) (steps 3 to 7).

Next, the optical sensor 16 moves by a length pitch p (5 mm), and the outer diameter value is stored each time (steps 7 to 9).
.

N(10)I! When the measurement of l is completed, the optical sensor 16 is returned to the initial position (X=O), the step motor 13 is rotated by φ (10 degrees), and the processes of steps 7 to 9 are repeated again (steps 10 to 9). 12).

When all the outer diameter values R(0, 0) to R(45, 170) are memorized, as shown in FIG.
The outer diameter value R (i-p, m-
φ), R (i-p1m-φ+90) are orthogonal axes (a1b
) is calculated as the average S(i) of the area (πab/4) of the ellipse.

As a result, since the absolute volume values obtained from a plurality of measurement values obtained by measuring one cross section from different angles are averaged, it is possible to obtain a cross-sectional area with less error from the true value.

This calculation is performed for 10 surfaces S(0>> to S(9)), and the average S is determined as the cross-sectional area of the object to be measured 2 (steps 15 to 17).

As a result, as shown in Figure 6, multiple cross-sectional areas (areas averaged by angle) are averaged in the length direction at a predetermined pitch, making it possible to measure the cross-sectional area with even higher accuracy overall. can.

Of course, the area S(i) averaged in the measurement direction may be displayed without averaging in the length direction.
In this case, it is possible to know how the cross-sectional area changes in the length direction.

Another Embodiment of the Present Invention> (FIG. 7) In the above embodiment, the object to be measured 2 is rotated by driving the step motor 13 to change the outer diameter measurement direction with respect to the measurement cross section. However, this does not limit the present invention, and the optical 16 sensor may be rotated around the object to be measured.

Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, one optical sensor 16 was rotated approximately 180 degrees relative to the object to be measured, but for example, as shown in FIG. The same measurement as in the embodiment described above may be performed by rotating the optical sensor 40 by approximately 90 degrees relative to the object to be measured.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the outer diameter was measured by changing the measurement direction in 10 degree increments, but if the outer diameter is measured at a finer angular pitch, more accurate cross-sectional area measurement can be performed. Of course.

Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, the sensor was returned to the initial position after measuring in the length direction, but by performing the measurement in the returning direction, the measurement time can be shortened.

Further, although the rotation is performed after measuring in the length direction, it is also possible to first measure in the rotation direction and then move in the length direction.

In addition, the object to be measured is not only a rod-shaped object such as a roller as in the above embodiment, but also a soft linear object such as a thread or a spherical object by changing the method of supporting the object and performing the same cross-sectional measurement. be able to.

Effects of the Present Invention> The cross-sectional area measuring method and apparatus of the present invention measure the outer diameter value of one cross section from a plurality of different directions as described above, and calculate the outer diameter value from the plurality of obtained outer diameter values. Since the cross section and area are determined, even if there are gaps or irregularities on the outer periphery of the object to be measured, highly accurate measurements can be performed by averaging them, and the reliability of measurements is significantly improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the mechanical part of an example of a real box, and FIG. - Chart diagram. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of essential parts for explaining the operation of one embodiment;
5 and 6 are diagrams for explaining the processing procedure of one embodiment,
FIG. 7 is a side view of essential parts for explaining another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a perspective view for explaining the principle of outer diameter measurement. 13...Step motor, 15...Moving table, 16...Optical sensor, 20...Outer diameter measuring means, 21... Mobile platform II device, 2
2...Motor control a device, 25...Cross-sectional area calculation means, 28...Ellipse area calculation means, 29
・・・・・・Average derivation means. Patent Applicant Anritsu Corporation Agent Patent Attorney Makoto Hayakawa Figure 4 Figure 6 Procedural Amendment (Voluntary) 1. Case Description 1999 Patent Application No. 1 1 1 286 2. Title of the invention Cross-sectional area measuring method and device 3. Relationship with the person making the amendment Patent applicant address 5-10-27 Minami-Azabu, Minato-ku, Tokyo Name (0
57) Shinji Sugai, Representative of Anritsu Corporation 4. Agent Address: 141 Phone: 490-4518 Address: 1-17-5 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 6. Contents of correction

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) The outer diameter of the object to be measured is measured from different directions using light along a predetermined plane that intersects with the object to be measured, and from the obtained multiple outer diameter values, a cross section that intersects with the predetermined plane of the object to be measured is Cross-sectional area measurement method to calculate area. (2) The cross-sectional area measuring method according to item 1, wherein the area of an ellipse whose orthogonal axes are the outer diameter values measured from directions different by 90 degrees is calculated, and the cross-sectional area is calculated by calculating the average of the areas. (3) outer diameter measuring means that receives measurement light along a predetermined plane and measures the outer diameter of the object to be measured corresponding to the direction of the measurement light, which is arranged so as to block a part of the measurement light; , measuring direction variable means for relatively changing the measuring direction of the outer diameter measuring means with respect to the object to be measured on the predetermined plane; and measuring the object to be measured from a plurality of outer diameter values measured in different directions by the measuring direction changing means. A cross-sectional area measuring device comprising: cross-sectional area calculating means for calculating a cross-sectional area of an object that intersects with the predetermined plane. (4) The area calculation means includes an ellipse area calculation means for calculating the area of an ellipse whose orthogonal axes are outer diameter values measured from directions different by 90 degrees, and an average calculation means for calculating the average value of the area of the ellipse. The cross-sectional area measuring device according to item 3, comprising: