JPH0240967A - Optoelectric conversion type batteries and hybrid type secondary battery constituted by combining them - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a compact system of power generation and power storage by arranging a plurality of optoelectric conversion elements in a concentric circle type, connecting them in series, and sticking them directly on a secondary battery. CONSTITUTION:An electrod 3a of one side is arranged at a center; optoelectric conversion elements 2a of a doughnut type are arranged so as to surround the electrode 3a; optoelectric conversion elements 2b, 2c, etc., are arranged outside the elements 2a in the similar manner; these elements are connected in series, and an electrode 3b is arranged on the peripheral part, thereby obtaining a small-sized circular optoelectric conversion type battery. By sticking this battery on a lithim system secondary battery, a hybrid type secondary battery is constituted, and a compact system of power generation and power storage can be realized.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (,) Industrial Field of Application The present invention relates to a photoelectric conversion device, particularly a photoelectric conversion device in which a plurality of various photoelectric conversion devices such as a 7 mole 7 as silicon photoelectric conversion device or a cadmium-tellurium photoelectric conversion device are connected in series. The present invention relates to a photoelectric conversion type battery formed by connecting the same and a hybrid type secondary battery formed by combining the same.

(b) Conventional technology The optimum operating voltage of a photoelectric conversion element is determined by the characteristics such as the forbidden band width of the semiconductor constituting the element. For example, in an amorphous silicon photoelectric conversion element, a single element is
．． The operating voltage is about 5 volts, but the input voltage for general electronic products is about 1.5 volts, which requires a voltage of at least 1.5 volts or more. are often electrically connected in series to boost the voltage.

By the way, as a structure in which the photoelectric conversion elements constituting the conventional charge conversion type battery are connected in series, each photoelectric conversion element is arranged next to each other in a straight line 5, and these are connected in series. This photoelectric conversion cell has a structure in which output electrodes are taken out from elements at both ends.

In addition, in recent years, there has been an increasing demand for smaller batteries and higher capacity batteries in response to the increasing demand for smaller electronic devices.

In response to this trend, button-type secondary batteries using conductive polymers and the like have become commercially available, and are expected to have advantages such as miniaturization, running costs, and no need to replace batteries.

These small secondary batteries are expected to demonstrate their power as secondary batteries, especially when combined with photoelectric conversion batteries such as solar cells.

That is, in order to generally charge a secondary battery, an alternating current voltage of 100 volts is lowered to several volts using a transformer, and this is converted to direct current to charge the secondary battery.

However, with this method, due to a malfunction of the transformer or the like, high voltage may be applied directly to the secondary battery, causing the secondary battery to be destroyed or rendered unusable. Further, this method has problems such as being extremely inconvenient because charging can only be done in a place with an AC power source. Furthermore, electronic devices cannot be used while charging.

However, when this secondary battery is charged with a charge conversion type battery, the optimum operating voltage is determined by the characteristics such as the forbidden band width of the semiconductor that constitutes the charge conversion type battery. There is no need to worry about batteries running out, and since light is everywhere people live, you can always charge your electronic devices while using them, so you don't have to worry too much about running out of batteries.

(e) Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in a photoelectric conversion cell in which photoelectric conversion elements are arranged linearly next to each other and connected in series, the output electrodes are taken out from the elements at both ends. However, this requires a large space, goes against the trend of miniaturization of electronic devices, and has important structural problems.Moreover, it is difficult to electrically connect the terminals of electronic devices and the electrodes of photoelectric conversion batteries. , it is necessary to connect the terminal and the electrode using a lead wire, and this lead wire may break due to vibration etc. during use or transportation of the electronic device, or there may be a poor connection between the electrode and the lead wire. There are challenges.

In addition, conventional photoelectric conversion batteries have a structure in which output electrodes are taken out from the elements at both ends, but in this case, when electrically connecting a small secondary battery and a photoelectric conversion battery, this secondary battery It is necessary to connect the electrodes of the photoelectric conversion battery to the electrodes of the photoelectric conversion battery using lead wires, and the lead wires may break due to vibrations during use or transportation of the electronic device, or the electrodes and the lead wires may become disconnected. There are issues such as poor connections.

An object of the present invention is to provide a photoelectric conversion battery having a specific structure that can be used as a power source in place of a small button battery.

Further, the hybrid type secondary battery of the present invention is composed of a combination of a button-shaped secondary battery and a photoelectric conversion type battery having a specific structure used as a power source for charging the button type secondary battery. By directly bonding the two together, it provides a compact power generation and storage system.

(d) Means for Solving Problem 11 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention connects a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements in series to increase the output voltage to multiple times the output voltage of a single photoelectric conversion element. In the photoelectric conversion cell, one electrode is arranged at the center, a first photoelectric conversion element is connected and arranged so as to surround this electrode, and is electrically connected in series with the first photoelectric conversion element. A second photoelectric conversion element is arranged following and surrounding #, and the third and subsequent photoelectric conversion elements are similarly connected and arranged, and the other electrode is taken out from the outer periphery. It is.

The photoelectric conversion element used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it converts light energy into electrical energy. A system photoelectric conversion element is preferable because it has high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

In the present invention, the photoelectric conversion element is 2(i
By using one or more photoelectric conversion elements and connecting them in series, the output voltage can be made more than twice the output voltage of a single photoelectric conversion element.
One electrode is arranged at the center, a first photoelectric conversion element is connected and arranged so as to surround this electrode, and the first photoelectric conversion element is electrically connected in series with the first photoelectric conversion element, and also so as to surround this. The most significant feature is that the second photoelectric conversion element is arranged, the third and subsequent photoelectric conversion elements are similarly connected and arranged, and the other electrode is taken out from the outer periphery.

In this case, the structure in which photoelectric conversion elements are sequentially connected in series around one electrode is not particularly limited, but a plurality of donut-shaped photoelectric conversion elements are arranged concentrically around one electrode. A circular photoelectric conversion cell with a structure in which conversion elements are connected in series, or a frame-shaped photoelectric conversion element in which the center of a rectangular photoelectric conversion element is cut out into a rectangular shape with the above electrode at the center, connected in series in sequence. These include rectangular photoelectric conversion batteries with a similar structure, as well as elliptical photoelectric conversion batteries and triangular photoelectric conversion batteries formed using similar methods. The type of battery can be selected arbitrarily depending on the area and shape of the light-receiving part of the electronic device.

In the photoelectric conversion cell of the present invention, as described above, the first, second, etc. photoelectric conversion elements are sequentially connected in series around one electrode so as to surround it. However, by making each photoelectric conversion element have the same light receiving area, the capacitance of each photoelectric conversion element becomes equal, so that stable power supply can be performed.

By the way, various electrode layers are formed on a substrate in a photoelectric conversion element, and this substrate has various aspects such as productivity, handling, processability, and ease of combination with a secondary battery, which will be described later. A light-transmissive flexible film is preferred.

In this case, the above-mentioned light-transmitting flexible film may be a heat-resistant polyimide film, a polyetheretherketone film, a polyethersulfone film, a polyphenylene ether film, a polyphenylene sulfide film, or a polysal 7-on film, which is heat resistant and has good light transmittance. It is preferable to use

The above-mentioned photoelectric conversion battery can be used as is by being incorporated into an electric or electronic circuit, but in order to be able to use it smoothly without any inconvenience even in the dark, we have developed a combination of this photoelectric conversion battery and a secondary battery. It is preferable to use a hybrid secondary battery consisting of a combination of the following.

In other words, when charging with a photoelectric conversion battery, the optimum operating voltage is determined by the characteristics such as the forbidden band width of the semiconductor that constitutes the battery, so that no abnormal voltage is applied to the secondary battery. Moreover, since light is everywhere where people live, there are advantages such as being able to constantly charge electronic devices while using them, so there is no need to worry about the battery running out.

The secondary battery used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a small and chargeable/dischargeable battery, such as a button-type secondary battery using a conductive polymer or the like, a button-type lithium battery, etc. Examples include a button-type silver thread secondary battery, a button-type nickel-cadmium battery, and the like.

In this case, the method of connecting the photoelectric conversion battery and the secondary battery is such that the anode of the photoelectric conversion battery and the anode of the secondary battery are All that is required is to electrically connect the Pj electrode of the battery and the cathode of the secondary battery.

In this way, by combining a photoelectric conversion battery and a secondary battery to create a hybrid secondary battery, there are advantages such as being able to constantly charge the electronic device while using it, so there is no need to worry about the battery running out.

In such a hybrid secondary battery,
The center electrode of the photoelectric conversion battery is electrically connected to one of the negative and positive electrodes of the secondary battery, and the electrode on the outer periphery of the photoelectric conversion battery and the other of the negative and positive electrodes of the secondary battery are connected to each other. The device in which the photoelectric conversion type battery is bonded to one side of the secondary battery is extremely effective because the area of the secondary battery can also be used as a light receiving part.

In addition, since one side of the secondary battery can be used as the light-receiving part in this way, it is possible to use electronic equipment where the light-receiving part cannot be installed anywhere other than the position where the secondary battery is installed, that is, the light-receiving part is the size of the device. This makes it possible to install this photoelectric conversion battery even in cases where there are severe limitations.

In this case, as in the case of the hybrid secondary battery described above, it is necessary to electrically connect the two batteries so that the secondary battery can be charged by the charge conversion battery.

(e) Function The present invention has one electrode arranged at the center, a first photoelectric conversion element connected and arranged so as to surround this electrode, and electrically connected in series with this first photoelectric conversion element. , and a second photoelectric conversion element was arranged so as to surround this, and the third and subsequent photoelectric conversion elements were connected and arranged in the same way, and the other electrode was taken out from the outer periphery.
It has a structure in which the inner photoelectric conversion elements are surrounded one after another through a conductive material and adjacent photoelectric conversion elements are connected in series, and the pair of output electrodes is located at the center of the photoelectric conversion cell. Furthermore, the other electrode can be taken out from the outer periphery of the rechargeable conversion battery, and the anode and anode electrodes can be connected to the terminals of the electronic circuit, making it possible to create an extremely compact electronic circuit.

In addition, the photoelectric conversion battery according to the present invention can be attached directly to the case of a small, button-shaped secondary battery as a charging power source, and thereby enables compact power generation and W power generation. It has an effect that the system can perform.

In this way, by combining a photoelectric conversion type battery and a secondary battery to form a hybrid type secondary battery, there are advantages such as being able to constantly charge the electronic device while using it, so there is no need to worry about the battery running out.

In such a hybrid secondary battery,
The center electrode of the photoelectric conversion battery is electrically connected to one of the negative and positive electrodes of the secondary battery, and the electrode on the outer periphery of the photoelectric conversion battery and the other of the negative and positive electrodes of the secondary battery are connected to each other. In the case where the secondary battery is connected to the secondary battery, a photoelectric conversion battery is pasted and fixed on one side of the secondary battery, and the area of the secondary battery can also be used as a light receiving part.

In addition, since one side of the secondary battery can be used as the light-receiving part in this way, it is possible to use electronic equipment where the light-receiving part cannot be installed anywhere other than the position where the secondary battery is installed, that is, the light-receiving part depends on the size of the device. This makes it possible to install this rechargeable conversion battery even in extremely limited cases.

(f) Examples Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the photoelectric conversion battery of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-■. The photoelectric conversion cell (1) includes a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements (2a), (2b),
... In this case, three photoelectric conversion elements (2a), (2b
) and (2c) are connected in series to make the output voltage three times the output voltage of a single photoelectric conversion element.

In the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in this rechargeable conversion battery (1), one electrode (3a), in this case an anode, is arranged at the center; A first donut-shaped photoelectric conversion element (2a) is arranged so as to surround the positive W) (3a), and connected in series with this first photoelectric conversion element (2a), and The second donut-shaped photoelectric conversion element (2b) is arranged so as to surround it, and the third and subsequent donut-shaped photoelectric conversion elements (2c) are similarly connected and arranged, and the other electrode (3b),
In this case, the structure is such that the cathodes are taken out from the outer circumference at intervals of 90 degrees.

Therefore, this photoelectric conversion cell (1) is formed in a circular shape, with the above-mentioned electrode (anode) (3a), electrode (cathode) (
3b) is used as a power source for the electronic device (not shown) by electrically connecting it to a connection terminal of the electronic device.

Next, let's look at the structure of the photoelectric conversion battery (1) above! @2 To explain in detail based on Figure 2, the photoelectric conversion elements (2a), (2b), and (2C) constituting this photoelectric conversion cell (1) are each formed with the same area of the light receiving part, Moreover, the substrate (4) is a light-transmissive flexible film, in this case a light-transparent polyimide film.

Then, the photoelectric conversion elements (2a), (2b), (2
C) has transparent electrodes (5), (5), (
5) and photovoltaic semiconductor layers (6), (6), and (6) are sequentially deposited in a donut shape, and the photovoltaic semiconductor layer (6)
, (6), (6) to the back electrode layer (7), (7), (7)
and this photovoltaic semiconductor M(6), (6), (6
) are connected in series, and their upper surfaces are further covered with an electrically insulating layer (8).

In the present invention, in the above embodiment, a photoelectric conversion battery (1)
Although the explanation has been made for a circular cell, it is also possible to use a rectangular photoelectric conversion cell (1) as shown in FIG. 3 instead. In this case, one electrode (3a) is Frame-shaped photoelectric conversion elements (2a), (2b), (
2c) may be connected and arranged in the same manner as in the above embodiment.

@ Figures 4 and 5 show a hybrid secondary battery (10) of the present invention, which is a combination of the above-mentioned photoelectric conversion battery (1) and a secondary battery (9), in this case a lithium-based secondary battery.
FIG. 4 is a rear view thereof, and ttSs is a sectional view taken along the v-v line.

As shown in Figure 5, this hybrid secondary battery (1
0) has a photoelectric conversion battery (1) on the anode side of the secondary battery (9).
), and the center electrode (anode) (3M) of this photoelectric conversion battery (1) is connected to the anode of the secondary battery (9), and the electrode (cathode > (3b) on the outer periphery of the photoelectric conversion battery (1) )
and the cathode of the secondary battery (9) are electrically connected to each other.

When using this hybrid secondary battery (10), the exposed outer periphery of the secondary battery (9) constituting this is used as the anode (9a), and the inside of the center is used as the cathode (9a).
9b), it may be electrically connected to an electronic device (not shown). In this case, electron 8! When storing the hybrid type secondary battery (10) in the battery storage part of the container, the photoelectric conversion type battery (1) should face outward and the lid should be closed with a transparent lid. At this time, it becomes possible to generate electricity by transmitting light through this lid, so a power generation/storage system can be obtained in the same way as using a conventional button-type rechargeable battery, and without the need to provide a special light-receiving section. It will be done.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the hybrid secondary battery (10), and in this embodiment, the secondary battery (9) and the transparent electrode (
5) is filled with a conductive material (11), thereby electrically connecting the anode (9a) of the secondary battery (9) and the anode (3a) of the photoelectric conversion battery (1). be. The other configurations are the same as those in the above case and will therefore be omitted.

(g) Effects of the Invention Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

In the photoelectric conversion battery according to claim 1, one of the negative and positive output electrodes can be taken out from the center of the photoelectric conversion battery, and the other electrode can be taken out from the outer periphery of the charging conversion battery. Since the negative and positive electrodes can be connected to the terminals of the electronic circuit, it has the effect of making an extremely compact electronic circuit. In addition, this photoelectric conversion battery can be attached directly to the secondary battery case as a power source for charging a small button-shaped secondary battery, thereby creating a compact power generation and storage system. It has an effect.

In the photoelectric conversion cell according to claim 2, as described above, the first electrode, t
The optical IE conversion elements such as No. 52, etc. are connected in series, and by making the light receiving area of each photoelectric conversion element equal, the capacitance of each photoelectric conversion element becomes equal, so that stable power supply can be achieved. It has an effect.

In the photoelectric conversion cell according to claim 3, the photoelectric conversion element constituting the cell is formed on a substrate, but if a light-transmitting flexible film is used for this substrate, the productivity of the charge conversion cell is improved. This has the effect of facilitating handling, processability, and combination with secondary TM.

In the hybrid type secondary battery according to claim 4, an abnormal voltage is not applied to the secondary battery, and since light is everywhere where people live, the battery can be constantly charged while using electronic devices. The effect is that you don't have to worry too much about it coming off.

In the hybrid type secondary battery according to claim 5, the charge conversion type battery is pasted and fixed on one side of the secondary battery, and the area of the secondary battery can also be used as a light receiving part, which is extremely effective. In addition, since one side of the secondary battery can be used as the light receiving part in this way, it is possible to use electronic equipment where the light receiving part cannot be installed anywhere other than the position where the secondary battery is installed, that is, the light receiving part depends on the size of the device. This has the effect that this photoelectric conversion battery can be installed even in extremely limited cases.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing one embodiment of the photoelectric conversion cell of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the N-rim view, FIG. 3 is a plan view showing another embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the photoelectric conversion cell according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■--■, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment. (1)--Photoelectric conversion battery, (2a), (2b), (
2c)...Photoelectric conversion element, (3a)...Electrode (anode), (3b)...Electrode (cathode), (4)...Substrate,
(5)...Transparent electrode, (6)...Photovoltaic semiconductor layer,
(7)... Back electrode layer, (8)... Electrical insulating layer, (
9)...Secondary battery, (10)...Hybrid type secondary battery. Diagram L 1 Change the request for electricity 2a 2 b 2 c 4ti 3 a = wo oak (proboscis a) 3b...@a (undiluted solution) 4... night 5... transparent electricity a 6 - mu 1+- *Makimaro 7...back t41 8...book reading t# 9...two notes 1o...heavy second color

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) In a photoelectric conversion cell in which multiple photoelectric conversion elements are connected in series to make the output voltage multiple times the output voltage of a single photoelectric conversion element, one electrode is placed in the center; A first photoelectric conversion element is connected and arranged so as to surround the electrode, a second photoelectric conversion element is electrically connected in series with the first photoelectric conversion element, and a second photoelectric conversion element is arranged so as to surround it; 3. A photoelectric conversion cell characterized in that the photoelectric conversion elements after 3 are connected and arranged in the same manner, and the other electrode is taken out from the outer periphery. (2) Claim 1 in which the light-receiving area of each photoelectric conversion element is equal.
The photoelectric conversion cell described in . (3) Claim 1, wherein the substrate is a light-transmitting flexible film.
Or the photoelectric conversion cell according to 2. (4) A hybrid secondary battery obtained by combining the photoelectric conversion battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and a secondary battery. (5) In the hybrid secondary battery of claim 4, the center electrode of the photoelectric conversion battery is connected to one of the negative and positive electrodes of the secondary battery, and the electrode at the outer periphery of the photoelectric conversion battery and the secondary battery A hybrid secondary battery in which either the negative or positive electrodes of the battery are electrically connected to the other electrode.