JPH0243280A - Antistatic agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an antistatic agent excellent in antistatic effect, water- resistant antistatic effect, etc., by mixing a specified alkyldiethanolamine, higher alcohol, and fatty acid monoglyceride in specified proportions. CONSTITUTION:This antistatic agent is made by mixing an alkyldeithanolamine (A) of formula I [wherein R1 is a mixture of 14C, 16C and 18C alkyls wherein the 14C alkyl accounts for 30wt.% or less (more than 0%), the 16C alkyl accounts for 80-10wt.%, 18C alkyl accounts for 10wt.% or more, and the total of 16C and 18C alkyls is at least 70wt.% (less than 100wt.%)], a higher alcohol (B) of formula II (wherein R2 is 12-20C alkyl), and a fatty acid monoglyceride (C) (of a fatty acid wherein the alkyl comprises a mixture of two or more 12-20C alkyls) in the weight proportions of A:B:C of 5:5:90 to 30:50:20. This antistatic agent is excellent in antistatic effect, water-resistant antistatic effect, and immediate effectiveness in preventing the static buildup due to rubbing.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to antistatic agents.

[Conventional technology and Problems that the invention seeks to solve]

In recent years, synthetic resins have been widely used in various fields as films, sheets, fibers, etc. Although these synthetic resin products have excellent insulating properties, they tend to generate static electricity and are easily charged, causing damage to films, sheets, etc. There is a disadvantage that dirt easily adheres to textiles, and there is also the problem that spinning becomes difficult due to the generation of static electricity, and furthermore, when wearing clothes made of synthetic fibers, the human body is charged with static electricity. There are also major problems such as receiving an unpleasant shock due to static electricity, and causing disasters such as fire and explosion due to discharge of static electricity charged in synthetic resin products. For this reason, various antistatic agents for synthetic resins have been studied in the past, and it is known that, for example, alkyl jetanolamines, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters, etc., or mixtures thereof have antistatic effects. However, although all conventional antistatic agents can obtain low surface resistance values and low coefficients of friction, it is difficult to say that they are necessarily capable of lowering the more practical frictional charging voltage. In addition, conventional antistatic agents have a drawback in that they have low water resistance, that is, their antistatic properties tend to deteriorate when washed with water or exposed to rain.

[Means to solve the problem]

As a result of intensive research to solve the above problems, the present inventors found that an alkyl jetanolamine in which the alkyl group contains alkyl groups having 14 carbon atoms, I6 and 18 in a specific ratio,
It was discovered that the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional antistatic agent could be solved by blending a higher alcohol whose alkyl group is one of 12 to 20 carbon atoms in a specific ratio, and this antistatic agent was previously described. However, as a result of further intensive research, we found that the alkyl group in the fatty acid moiety has 1 carbon atom in the alkyl jetanolamine and higher alcohol.
It was discovered that by further adding a fatty acid monoglyceride consisting of a mixture of two or more types of alkyl groups of 2 to 20 and blending these in a specific ratio, the immediate effect of the tribostatic antistatic effect was improved, and the present invention was achieved. It has been completed.

That is, the present invention is based on the following general formula, (where R represents an alkyl group having 14.16.18 carbon atoms, 30% by weight or less of an alkyl group having 14 carbon atoms (however, O is excluded), and an alkyl group having 16 carbon atoms. 80 to 10% by weight of groups, 10% by weight or more of alkyl groups having 18 carbon atoms, and 1 carbon number
The total amount of alkyl groups 6 and 18 is 70% by weight or more (however, 1
00% by weight). ), a higher alcohol represented by the formula -C, R,OH (2) (where R2 represents any one of alkyl groups having 12 to 20 carbon atoms), and fatty acid monoglyceride (However, the alkyl group in the fatty acid moiety is a mixture of two or more alkyl groups having 12 to 20 carbon atoms) in a weight ratio of alkyl jetanolamine: higher alcohol: fatty acid monoglyceride = 5:5:90 to 30:50: The gist of the invention is an antistatic agent characterized in that the antistatic agent is contained in a ratio of 20%.

In the present invention, the alkyl group R1 in the alkyl jetanolamine represented by the above formula (1) has 14 carbon atoms.
Must be a mixture of 16 and 18 alkyl groups,
Moreover, the alkyl group R1 is an alkyl group having 14 carbon atoms.
Weight% or less (excluding 0), 80 to 10% by weight of alkyl groups with 16 carbon atoms, 10% by weight of alkyl groups with 18 carbon atoms
Above, and the alkyl groups having 16 and 18 carbon atoms are 7 in total.
It must be contained in a proportion of 0% by weight or more (however, excluding 100% by weight), and especially 5 to 2 alkyl groups having 14 carbon atoms.
0% by weight, 15 to 60% by weight of an alkyl group having 16 carbon atoms,
The proportion of the alkyl group having 18 carbon atoms is preferably 30 to 75% by weight. If the proportion of the alkyl group having 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl group R1 is 0% by weight, it will not be possible to lower the surface resistance value and the frictional charging voltage, and if it exceeds 30% by weight, the friction coefficient will increase, and at the same time the frictional band The voltage is also high,
Water resistance also decreases. Furthermore, when the proportion of alkyl groups having 16 carbon atoms exceeds 80% by weight, the coefficient of friction also increases.
The frictional charging voltage also becomes high, and if it is less than 10% by weight, the surface resistance value becomes high and the frictional charging voltage also becomes high. Furthermore, if the proportion of alkyl groups having 18 carbon atoms is less than 10% by weight, the coefficient of friction will increase, and at the same time, the frictional charging voltage will also increase, and the water resistance will also decrease. Further, the total of the alkyl groups having 16 carbon atoms and 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group R, needs to be 70% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more (however, 100% by weight is excluded), and 70% by weight. If it is less than that, the coefficient of friction increases, and at the same time, the frictional charging voltage also increases and the water resistance decreases.

In addition, in the present invention, the higher alcohol represented by the above formula (2) must be an alcohol whose alkyl group has 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and this alcohol must be a mixture of alcohols whose alkyl groups have different carbon numbers. If so, it becomes impossible to obtain a low frictional charging voltage and a water-resistant antistatic effect.

However, even if products containing alkyl groups with different numbers of carbon atoms are present in an amount comparable to impurities, such as products supplied industrially,
It can be used within a range that does not impede the purpose of the present invention. The purity of the higher alcohol is preferably 90% by weight or more, particularly 95% by weight or more as a higher alcohol having an alkyl group having 12 to 20 carbon atoms. The number of carbon atoms is preferably 16.18, and the number of carbon atoms is particularly preferably 18.

In the present invention, the fatty acid monoglyceride used together with the above-mentioned alkyl jetanolamine and higher alcohol has two types of alkyl groups in the fatty acid moiety in order to obtain an immediate effect of reducing the frictional charging voltage. It is necessary to use a mixture of the above, and a mixture containing an alkyl group having 12 to 16 carbon atoms is particularly preferable. Examples of the fatty acid monoglycerides include lauric acid monoglyceride, myristic acid monoglyceride, palmitic acid monoglyceride, stearic acid monoglyceride, and arachidic acid monoglyceride, among which valmitic acid monoglyceride and stearic acid monoglyceride are preferred. These fatty acid monoglycerides that are commercially available include some diglycerides, triglycerides, etc., but they may be included as long as they do not impede the purpose of the present invention.

The antistatic agent of the present invention includes the above alkyl jetanolamine,
The weight ratio of higher alcohol and fatty acid monoglyceride is alkyl jetanolamine: higher alcohol: fatty acid monoglyceride = 5 = 5:90 to 30:50:20.
, particularly preferably 10:10:80 to 30:50:2
It is necessary to contain it at a ratio of 0. If the amounts of alkyl jetanolamine, higher alcohol, and fatty acid monoglyceride are out of the above range, it will not be possible to obtain a low surface resistivity value, and the immediate effect of the frictional charging voltage reduction effect and the water resistance of the frictional charging voltage reduction effect will be reduced. Problems arise such as it becomes impossible to obtain a friction coefficient, etc., and the product becomes more likely to be colored.

The antistatic agent of the present invention may further contain various additives such as an antiblocking agent, an antioxidant, and a lubricant, if necessary, within a range that does not impede the object of the present invention.

The antistatic agent of the present invention includes films made of various synthetic resins,
It can be used as an antistatic agent for sheets, plates, fibers, etc., and is particularly suitable as an antistatic agent for polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. In addition, the antistatic agent of the present invention can be used to form a film after being kneaded into the resin.
Antistatic treatment can be performed by forming the material into a sheet, plate, fiber, etc., or by treating the surface of the film, sheet, plate, fiber, etc. after forming the material into a sheet, plate, fiber, etc.

The antistatic agent of the present invention has an excellent immediate tribostatic effect (effect of lowering the triboelectrostatic voltage), and when treated with the antistatic agent of the present invention, it exhibits an excellent tribostatic antistatic effect approximately 10 hours after production. do.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Examples 1 to 12, Comparative Examples 1 to 12 The antistatic agent shown in Table 1 was added to the resin shown in Table 2 in the amount shown in Table 2, and the mixture was melt-kneaded. A film with a thickness of 50 μm was obtained. Frictional charging voltage of this film after 1 hour of molding and molding 7
Table 2 shows the surface resistivity value, frictional charging voltage, and friction coefficient after several days. Each film was also tested for antistatic ability and water resistance.

Water resistance was determined by washing three times using the following method, and determining the frictional charging voltage after completing one to three washing tests. The results are also shown in Table 2.

■Each film or plate after 7 days of molding by 0.16
Immersed in an aqueous solution of 5% nonionic detergent (polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether) for 1 minute, then immersed in running water for 3 minutes, pulled out, air-dried, and then washed with 40%
The frictional charging voltage after being left for 24 hours under the condition of RH (20''c) to adjust the humidity was defined as the frictional charging voltage after one wash.

This washing-humidity conditioning-frictional charging voltage measurement was repeated two more times for each sample, and the water resistance was evaluated based on the change in the frictional charging voltage after washing a total of three times.

Examples 13 to 18, Comparative Examples 13 to 18 The antistatic agents shown in Table 1 were added to polypropylene in the amounts shown in Table 3, melted and kneaded in an extruder, and then injection molded into large pieces. A plate with a length of 100 mm x 60 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was obtained. Frictional charging voltage after 1 hour of molding and surface specific resistance value after 7 days of molding of each plate obtained,
Table 3 shows the results of measuring the frictional charging voltage and friction coefficient.

Further, each plate was tested for antistatic ability and water resistance by the same method as in Example 1-12 above. The results are also shown in Table 3.

*1 Surface specific resistance value was measured according to JIS K 6911. The measurement conditions were 60% RH (20°C).

*2 Frictional charging voltage was measured according to JIS L 1094.

*3 The friction coefficient was measured according to ASTM D 1894.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the antistatic agent of the present invention comprises an alkyljetanolamine whose alkyl group contains an alkyl group having a carbon number of 14, 16, and 18 in a specific ratio, and an alkyl jetanolamine whose alkyl group contains an alkyl group whose alkyl group has a carbon number of -20 alkyl groups, and the alkyl group in the fatty acid part has 12 to 2 carbon atoms.
The resin treated with the antistatic agent of the present invention has a surface resistivity value that is lower than that of the conventional antistatic agent. When an inhibitor is used, it not only shows similar excellent values, but also has a low frictional charging voltage, is difficult to generate charging even when subjected to friction, and has an excellent immediate effect on this frictional charging prevention effect. Furthermore, the antistatic agent of the present invention has excellent antistatic ability and water resistance, and the resin treated with the antistatic agent of the present invention exhibits effects such as extremely little decrease in antistatic ability even when washed or exposed to rainwater. It is an antistatic agent with excellent antistatic ability and water resistance.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The following general formula, ▲Mathematical formula, chemical formula, table, etc.▼(1) (However, R_1 represents a mixed alkyl group having 14, 16, or 18 carbon atoms, and 30% by weight of an alkyl group having 14 carbon atoms. The following (excluding 0): 80 to 10% by weight of alkyl groups having 16 carbon atoms, 10% by weight or more of alkyl groups having 18 carbon atoms, and a total of 70% by weight or more of alkyl groups having 16 and 18 carbon atoms (
However, 100% by weight is excluded). ), a higher alcohol represented by the general formula R_2OH(2) (where R_2 represents any one of an alkyl group having 12 to 20 carbon atoms), and a fatty acid monoglyceride (however, the fatty acid moiety The alkyl group contains a mixture of two or more types of alkyl groups having 12 to 20 carbon atoms) in a weight ratio of alkyl diethanolamine: higher alcohol: fatty acid monoglyceride = 5:5:90 to 30:50:20. An antistatic agent characterized by: