JPH0247938A - Mobile communication communication methods and systems - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the communication quality, to improve the frequency utility and to attain new service by registering the position of a mobile radio equipment in parallel based on a data of each radio base station. CONSTITUTION:Exchanges 20-I-1, 20-I-2 and 20-I-3 connect radio base stations 30-1, 30-2,..., 30-n and telephone sets accommodated in a telephone network 10 via a gate exchange 19. The position of a mobile radio equipment is registered for each radio base station 30 receiving a position registration signal in an excellent way. When the station 30 managed by the exchange 20-I receives a position registration signal from a mobile radio equipment at a peripheral where the service area of the exchange 20-I is in contact with the service area of other equipments, the signal is transferred respectively by exchanges 20-I, 20-II or the like and the position registration signal is sent up to the host exchange managing the exchange 20-I remotest from the home area from the mobile radio equipment. Simultaneously, the present position of the mobile radio equipment is transferred to the exchange 20-I-a and the station 30-a-1 in the home area.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a communication method and system for mobile communication. Furthermore, in mobile communications using a small zone configuration,
The present invention relates to a communication method and system that satisfies the communication quality when the communication quality deteriorates due to movement of a mobile terminal during communication.

More specifically, we aim to provide a communication method and system that exhibits excellent functions such as effective frequency utilization rate, communication quality, wireless line control ability, and reduction of abnormal call traffic congestion and system failure. It is something.

[Conventional technology 1] Generally, when performing mobile communication within a wide service area, one wireless base station covers the entire area and provides service.
The method for communicating with mobile objects within an area is called the large zone method. In contrast, the small zone method
An area is divided into multiple small areas, one wireless base station is installed in each divided area, and mobile wireless devices within each area communicate with these wireless base stations. It is.

The conventional small zone system is used, for example, in the car telephone system of NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone @J), which is currently in commercial service.In this case, the mobile radio installed in the car is Move away from the wireless base station of the other party's station, for example, 5 to 7 KI1 from the wireless base station.
When it becomes 1 or more, the receiving input electric field value of radio waves decreases, so
Deterioration of call quality occurs. Therefore, in a small zone configuration, wireless base stations within a service area are located 10 to 12 times apart from each other.
Therefore, in the above case, there is always another wireless base station near the current location of the car (within 5 to 6 points), and there is no separate connection between this new wireless base station and the mobile wireless device. radio channels to continue the call.

In the NTT system, a radio line control station is installed to control a large number of radio base stations and mobile radios, and the radio line control station controls the setting and cancellation of calls on radio lines. It is connected to the general telephone network via a barrier switch. When a deterioration in call quality occurs, the radio network control station makes multiple radio base stations around the mobile radio receive the radio waves transmitted by the mobile radio, and assigns a specific one of these radio base stations to communicate with the mobile radio. By setting up a new wireless channel between the two, the desired call quality can be maintained.
When it is determined that a new channel is set, a new channel is set between the mobile radio and the radio base station.

FIG. 16 shows a conceptual diagram of the configuration of a conventional system that operates as described above, and will be explained using this diagram.

In FIG. 16, each zone 14A, 148, 140° 14D surrounded by four circles with a radius of about 5 to 7 degrees is the service area of the car telephone, and the mobile radio device 15 currently installed in the car is the zone. Radio base 813A within 14A
Suppose that you are communicating with Since the automobile is traveling from zone 14A to zone 14C, the relative distance between radio base station 13A and mobile radio 15 is increasing. Assuming that communication is continuing and the car moves from zone 14A to zone 14C, wireless base station 13
The distance between A and the mobile radio device 15 becomes 5 to 7 edges or more, and the input electric field value of mutually received radio waves decreases, leading to a drop below a certain level of transmission quality.

This state of quality deterioration is constantly monitored by the radio network control station 12, and when the quality drops below a certain standard, the radio base stations 13B, 13C, and 13D in the vicinity of the radio base station 13A are A request is made to measure the quality of the radio channel (assumed to be channel CH1) in use between station 13A and mobile radio 15. The radio base stations 13B, 13C, and 13D that received this request each tune their own radio channel search receivers (not shown) to channel Cl-11 to receive the signal, and the state is determined by radio channel control. Report to station 12.

Upon receiving this report, the radio network control station 12 determines the reception input electric fields EB, E of the radio base stations 13B, 13G, and 13D.
o, and E. Compare the values of E. >E3, Eo>E
, and E. When it is confirmed that a certain level of quality is ensured from the perspective of transmission quality, the radio network control station 12 considers that zone 14A has shifted to zone 14C, and changes the radio channel C that was used in zone 14A.
A procedure for disconnecting H1 and using an unused channel (assuming channel CHIO) among the available radio channels at the radio base station 13C in the zone 14C, ie, switching the busy channel, is started.

The following is a reference: Furukawa et al. “Car telephone radio line control” Nippon Telegraph Telephone Telecommunications Research Institute Research and Practical Application Report Vo 1.26
．． No. 7 This will be explained with reference to page 88s.

(1) The channel switching signal uses a control line included in each transmission path 16 between the radio network control station 12 and each radio base station 13, and between each radio base station 13 and mobile radio device 15. This is a wireless communication channel.

(2) A channel switching signal is sent to the mobile radio 15 from the radio base station 13A with which communication was previously performed, and a radio continuity test tone is sent from the radio base station 13C, which is currently communicating with the mobile radio. It is sent to the mobile radio device 15.

(3) When the mobile radio 15 cannot receive the radio continuity test tone, it returns to the old communication channel set with the radio base station 13A and continues the communication.

The above (1) to (3) are the channel switching methods currently used by NTT during a call, but as is clear from these explanations, the caller, i.e., the car phone user, hears the following m sound during a call. It will be mixed in. In other words, (a) A control signal for switching according to (1) above (in this case, a 300 bits/second digital signal) is inserted into the channel in progress after the other party's signal is disconnected. Since it appears in the output of the receiver, it is mixed into the call as an audible sound of about 300 Hz, and the call is interrupted during this time.

(b) During the call test described in (2) above, there is no noise, but there is no sound, and during this period, the other party's voice is not transmitted to you, and your own voice is not transmitted to the other party (call disconnection).

The duration of call interruption due to (a) and (b) above is 0.7
It is said to be ~0.8 seconds. On the other hand, the radio network control station 12
Then, the wireless base station 13C is instructed to start a conversation with the mobile wireless device 15 using, for example, channel CH10 through the transmission path 16C between the two. Since this instruction is also carried out at the same time as the continuity test described above, from this moment on, the radio base station 13A ends communication with the mobile radio device 15, and the radio base station 13C instead communicates with the mobile radio device 15. start communication. Furthermore, the radio network control station 12 is connected to the telephone network 10.
For the barrier exchange 19 that forms the interface between
A request is made to switch the channel switch SW in the gateway exchange 19 for connecting each radio base station 13 to the telephone network 10 from the radio base station 13A to 13C. That is, with the communication path switch SW in FIG. 16, the A-4 switch is turned off (indicated by a blank triangle), and the C-4 switch is turned on (indicated by a black triangle).

With the above operations, the mobile radio 15 can be used in the car to communicate with any telephone in the telephone network 10 and the car is in zone 1.
The call will continue no matter where the user moves to 4A, 14B, 14C, or 14D.

This means that the user (caller) is given a technical guarantee that he or she can make a call anytime and anywhere within the service area while the car is in motion. Services are being provided to the fullest.

Mobile communications that employ such a small zone configuration have become able to exhibit the following features that are not found in large zone systems.

(a) Effective use of frequencies through a so-called small zone configuration, in which the radio waves from one wireless base station are used only in a narrow area, and many wireless base stations are placed in the service area and the same frequency is used repeatedly. became possible.

(b) With the advent of digital synthesizers, it has become possible to switch between hundreds of radio channels on mobile radios, and the radio Since the technology for setting and controlling lines has been established, it has become possible to contribute to the effective use of frequencies in item (a).

(C) Wireless line υJll required to efficiently set up and control wireless lines for a large number of mobile radio devices for making and receiving calls, etc.
1 technology has been established, and in addition to contributing to the feature described in item (a), it has also become possible to switch radio channels during communication due to zone transition during communication by a mobile radio device.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, in the conventional system as illustrated in Fig. 16, technical measures are insufficient or no measures are taken, causing inconvenience to users. There is a problem in that it is not possible to provide a satisfactory service, and the system needs to promote more effective use of frequencies and improve serviceability.

These problems will be explained below.

) In order to make effective use of frequencies, it is necessary to reduce the zone radius of one zone in a small zone configuration.
The probability of passing through one zone and transitioning to another increases. As a result, it is frequently necessary to change the radio channel assigned to each zone during zone migration, and at this time, it is necessary to change the old radio channel to the new radio channel for both the radio base station and the mobile radio. Conventionally, this change was made by the radio network control station 12 (FIG. 16), but this change of channel caused a temporary interruption of communication, resulting in deterioration of communication quality.

ii) There was an example in which mobile radio devices with different transmission powers were introduced into the same system and operated as devices within one system. This is, for example, a mobile radio installed in a car (in the case of an NTT car phone, the transmission output is 5
W> and a mobile phone (in the case of NTT, transmission output IW>) that accesses a wireless base station for a car phone that a user can carry outdoors are housed in the same system, but this is a wireless base station. It is possible to share the wireless equipment housed in the system, making it possible to construct an economical system.

However, from the point of view of effective frequency use, it complicates the creation of rules for reusing the same frequency, which reduces the effectiveness of effective use, and also causes differences in transmission power levels. This increases the possibility of interference from other mobile radios. In order to prevent this, costs have increased and the effective use of frequencies has been compromised.

i) As the number of small zones progresses, there are many cases where within a small zone served by one wireless base station, small zones served by an adjacent or the next adjacent wireless base station overlap.
When conventional technology is used as a wireless line control technology, there is a high possibility that control will be lost.

This is because radio wave propagation characteristics are greatly affected (propagation loss) by topography and structures within one small zone. This effect becomes relatively large as the number of zones becomes smaller in order to effectively utilize frequencies, and the range of one small zone becomes smaller (radius of one touch or less). In addition, relatively high-level transmitters are used in the radio base stations and mobile radios used to ensure good communication even in areas affected by terrain or structures. This means that in areas where there is no influence from terrain or structures, it becomes possible for a radio base station located far away to communicate with a mobile radio device located in another zone.

Therefore, the original concept that one small zone is managed by one wireless base station and that a wide plane that is the service area is covered by many small zones disappears, and many small zones are superimposed and one The decision was made to form a service area.

As a result, in order to smoothly operate a small zone system in such a state, with the conventional technology, it is necessary to frequently set up, change, and cancel the wireless communication path, which reduces the capability of the wireless line control device. The result will be significantly higher. Therefore, it is practically impossible to secure a smooth communication path, and consideration has been given to the system configuration in order to avoid such a situation.

iv) In mobile communications, the communication quality changes significantly due to the influence of radio wave propagation characteristics as the mobile body moves, and in places where radio waves propagate poorly, communication quality is required for the system. There were problems such as the value being below the value. In order to solve this problem, various countermeasures have been taken by customers of the diapercity technology, but all of them have problems such as not only increasing the cost of the equipment but also impairing the effective use of frequencies.

Furthermore, call interruptions due to transition between zones during a call are considered to be a type of communication quality problem, and a solution was needed to ensure quality.

■) No measures were taken to deal with fluctuations in communication traffic within the system.

Communication traffic within the system fluctuates, for example, for public communications, which is usually extremely low late at night or early in the morning, during the day before 10 a.m. and between 2 to 3 p.m., and for car phones.
A large pile of traffic can be seen between 5 and 6 o'clock, but if the system is designed to function satisfactorily even during the peak traffic hours, the system components will be idle during off-peak hours, resulting in high costs. If a system was constructed that was suitable for off-peak hours, the cost would be extremely low, but it would become unusable during peak hours, which would inevitably lead to a decline in serviceability.

In addition, when communications traffic is slow, idle facilities within the system are effectively utilized to provide high-quality communication services, and as traffic increases, the system transitions to regular service. They lacked the concept of effective use. One reason for this is considered to be that the system cost would rise sharply if attempts were made to solve this problem using conventional techniques.

Furthermore, when all the transceivers of a radio base station are in use, conventional systems do not have the processing capacity to process even extremely short and regular signals such as device registration signals made up of mobile radios. This was a technical constraint on the progress of smaller zones.

vi) Conventionally, the location registration of communicating mobile objects involved registering and processing only the data received at one wireless base station in point (1). In systems where location registration is sequentially changed quite frequently, or in systems where there are restrictions on the location registration method due to the effective use of frequencies, there have been cases where it has become impossible to receive calls to mobile units due to deficiencies in location registration.

This means that if the wireless transceiver installed at the wireless base station has only one channel, it must be used for control and communication in a time-sharing manner, and when communicating with a mobile wireless device, it must be used in the same zone. There was a significant negative impact when there was a location registration request from another mobile radio.

vii) The technology for providing mobile communication services using broadband signals was insufficiently mature and incomplete, causing inconvenience to users.

Conventionally, the mobile communication services that have been widely used have mainly been telephone, and those that use wide frequency bands, such as high-speed data signals, have rarely been used. This is because in mobile communication, the radio wave propagation characteristics change significantly as the mobile body moves, so there has been a lack of technology to properly receive wideband signals.

viii) In conventional land-based mobile communications, except in special cases, estimation of the moving direction of a mobile object during communication, etc.
It was not implemented due to technical difficulties. Therefore, it was not possible to obtain effective information such as the wireless line traffic situation in the area in the direction of movement, and problems remained in terms of effective frequency use and traffic management.

X) Momentary interruptions occurred when switching channels during calls between zones or within zones, and this was also a major hindrance to creating smaller zones.

In the call channel switching method implemented by NTT, which was explained using FIG. There is a drawback that a part of the data (300 bits/second) is mixed in and is omitted. If there is a temporary interruption in the call line or noise, it is not a big problem because it can be compensated for by listening again when the content of the call is voice, but it is not a big problem. When a facsimile terminal is installed and used for sending and receiving, if the channel is changed during operation, for example, for a 1-minute facsimile, a black line (or white line) will appear on the 0.8/60 part of the page, resulting in poor reception image quality. The disadvantage was that it deteriorated significantly. In the case of data communication, for example, 1
In a 200 baud data signal, approximately 1000 bits of the signal are lost, so procedures such as retransmission are required.

In order to remove the harsh noise, there are methods such as silencing during channel switching or using out-of-band signals, but even if the purpose of removing the harsh noise can be achieved, the line disconnection time still remains. Therefore, there remained a problem to be solved in that it was completely ineffective in eliminating the negative influence on facsimile and data signals.

X) If a failure occurred in a wireless base station or gateway switch, part or all of the system would be disconnected, resulting in a significant negative impact on users. In particular, there remained an issue that remained to be resolved, as failure of the barrier switch would be fatal to the system.

[Means for solving the problem] A mobile radio device that is given self-identification information (ID) in association with a permanent location that is a home area, and a plurality of radios that are equipped with a radio transceiver and an ID identification storage unit. A first subsystem is composed of a base station and a first type exchange that manages a plurality of wireless base stations, and apart from this, a plurality of wireless base stations that cover the same service area as the first subsystem are configured. The first station that manages stations and multiple wireless base stations
and a second subsystem, and the wireless base station has a function that allows access to the first subsystem, the second subsystem, or both; A group of exchanges that manage the type 1 exchange and the type 1 exchange of the second subsystem are arranged in a hierarchy, and when a mobile radio moves from its home area, the distance from the destination home area A group of switches that connect the telephone network via barrier exchanges connected to various upper-level exchanges, and a communication system that controls this group of switches. A control unit, an ID identification storage unit, and an S/N unit for monitoring the signal-to-noise ratio received at each wireless base station.
a radio receiving circuit that simultaneously receives a plurality of channels in order for a mobile radio to simultaneously communicate with a plurality of radio base stations while moving within a service area covered by the plurality of radio base stations; , and a wireless transmission circuit that transmits multiple channels simultaneously.

[Operation] While multiple radio base stations and mobile radio devices are communicating the same communication content in parallel using multiple channels,
When a channel (old channel) whose communication quality falls below a certain value occurs, the first type exchange that detects this changes the communication between it and one other wireless base station that satisfies the certain communication quality. Communication on the old channel was terminated by switching to one channel (new channel), and the same communication content could be communicated without momentary interruption using multiple channels including the new channel. As a result, the following actions and effects could be obtained.

i) Each wireless base station and the first type exchange is provided with an ID identification storage unit, and the location of the mobile wireless device is registered in parallel based on the data of each wireless base station, improving the reliability of location registration. did.

ii) Since one channel among multiple channels whose communication quality has deteriorated is switched to a new channel, it is possible to achieve seamless channel switching during calls between zones or within zones.

+ii) The use of economical transmitting and receiving diversity ensures good communication quality, reduces interference, and makes new services using broadband signals technically possible.

iv) When traffic is slow, many channels are used to carry out parallel communication, which makes effective use of radio equipment and improves communication quality.

■) Since each wireless base station is equipped with an ID identification storage unit and a function that enables simultaneous transmission and reception of multiple wireless channels through high-speed switching, it is possible to process location registration signals from mobile wireless devices even during peak traffic times. It became.

vi) Parallel communication of multiple channels improved the transmission characteristics of wideband signals, resulting in an improvement of 1q in line quality.

vii) It has become possible to estimate the moving direction and speed of a mobile radio, and it has become possible to ensure communication in the destination zone and to carry out advance allocation of channels to be used in the mobile zone.

viii) the mobile radio's self-identification information is given in relation to its permanent location, which is the home area of the mobile radio, and its location in relation to its distance when the mobile radio moves from its home area; By arranging exchanges where registration is performed in a hierarchical manner, it is now possible to smoothly register locations and make and receive calls from mobile radios, no matter how wide the service area becomes.

xiv) A number of subsystems including wireless base stations and exchanges covering exactly the same service area are provided,
If the system configuration is such that these are integrated by a gateway switch placed above each switch, and a mobile radio device can access the radio base station of any of these subsystems, then the communication This makes it possible to provide features that prevent the system from going down easily in the event of abnormal traffic congestion or system failure.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, and FIG. 1C show an example of a system configuration for explaining an embodiment of the present invention.

This embodiment is one subsystem constituting the entire system shown in FIGS. 13A to 13C, but the basic operation of the present invention is as shown in FIGS. 1A to 13C.
Since FIG. 1C is sufficient for explanation, these will be explained first, and then the entire system will be explained.

In FIG. 1A, 10 is a general telephone network, which includes a switchboard for general telephones. 19 is telephone network 1
This is a gateway exchange for connecting the general telephone exchange included in 0 and the wireless system. 2O-I-
1, 20-I-2, 20-1-3 are first type exchanges, each of which has a plurality of wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2.・
. . 30n and many mobile radios and telephones accommodated in the general telephone network 10 are connected via the opening exchange 19, and control signals between each of the radio base stations 30-1 to 30n are transmitted. A communication control section 21 that sends and receives communication channels and controls communication path setting cancellation, etc., and a communication control section 21 that controls connections between each radio base station 30-1 to 30-n and the gateway exchange 19 under the control of the communication control section 21. A group of switches 23 necessary for switching the communication paths for the purpose of communication are also connected.

FIG. 1B shows a mobile radio 150 communicating with each radio base station 30-1.302. The received signal received by the antenna section enters a radio reception circuit 68 that includes a reception mixer 63 and a reception section 53, and the output communication signal is inputted to a control section 58 and a telephone section 59. Telephone part 5
A communication signal outputted from 9 is applied to a wireless transmission circuit 66 including a transmission mixer 61 and a transmission section 51, and the transmission signal is sent out from an antenna section and received by the wireless base station 30. Also, it monitors the presence or absence of interference during communication, and if it detects a certain amount of interference or more, it stores the ID of its own mobile radio device 50 and an interference detector 62 that reports it to the control unit 58. An ID/roam/area information collation storage unit 54 for identifying and storing the information and zone in which the user is located is provided with connections as shown in the figure.

This mobile radio device 50 further includes a synthesizer 55-1.
．． 55-2. ... 55-n and 56-1.56-
2. ..., 56-n, and selector switch 64-1.64
-2, and a reception switching controller 65G and a transmission switching controller 67C that generate signals for switching and controlling the changeover switches 64-1 and 64-2, respectively.
Synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n and 56-1 to 56-n
And, both cutting sound controllers 65C and 67C are controlled by the control section 58.
controlled by. Each synthesizer 55-1 to 5
A reference frequency is supplied from a reference crystal oscillator 71 to 5-n and 56-1 to 56-n.

FIG. 1C shows a radio base station 30 (for example, 30-1>) that communicates with the mobile radio device 50, and has almost the same configuration as the mobile radio t150 shown in FIG. 1B, but has a different configuration. There is a transmitting and receiving switching controller 55-1.
55-n, 56-1 to 56-n, there is no selector switch 64-1.64-2 for switching the synthesizer, and there is only one synthesizer each for reception and transmission 35-1.36-1. Yes, and self and called party's I
an ID identification storage unit 34 for identifying and storing the D number;
It has a communication quality monitoring section 37 that constantly monitors the call quality during communication and reports it to the control section 38 when it deteriorates. Interface 39 to seed exchange 1120-I
The point is that this is provided.

Each component corresponding to FIG. 1C and FIG. 1B will be listed below, and description of each function will be omitted. Here, the numbers in parentheses are the numbers of the corresponding components in FIG. 1B.

Transmitting section 31 (51) Receiving section 33 (53) Synthesizer 35-1 (55-1 to 55-rl) Synthesizer 36-1 (56-1 to 56-n) Control section 38 (5
8) Reference crystal oscillator 40 (71) Transmission mixer 41 (61) Interference detector 42 (62) Reception mixer 43 (63) Radio transmission circuit 46 (66) Radio reception circuit 48 (68) Mobile radio is shown in Fig. 1D. Another embodiment 30B of a radio base station 30 (for example, 30-1>) that communicates with the mobile radio device 50 is shown, and has almost the same configuration as the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. There is no ID/Roam/Area information collation storage unit 54 (Fig. 1B), but an ID identification storage unit 34 for identifying and storing ID numbers of the user and the called party, and constant monitoring of call quality during communication. It has a communication quality monitoring section 37 that reports the deterioration to the control section 38, and there is no telephone section 59 (FIG. 1B).
The point is that an interface 39 to the first type exchange 20-■, which takes the place of the above, is provided.

Each component corresponding to FIG. 1D and FIG. 1B is listed below, and description of each function is omitted. Here, the numbers in parentheses are
1B is the number of each corresponding component in FIG. 1B.

Transmitting section 31 (51) Receiving section 33 (53) Synthesizers 35-1 to 35-n (55-1 to 55-n> Synthesizers 36-1 to 36-n (56-1 to 56-n> Control section 38B ( 58) Reference crystal oscillator 40 (71) Transmission mixer 41 (61) Interference detector 42 (62) Reception mixer 43 (63) Radio transmission circuit 46 (66) Radio reception circuit 48 (68) Figure 1E shows the radio base Another embodiment of the station 30 is shown, in which a radio base station 30C including a plurality of transceivers shares an antenna sharing device 96 and a radio base station controller 32. 1 to 90-m, the radio receiving circuit 48 and the communication quality monitoring unit 37 shown in FIG. 1D.
m communication quality monitoring receivers 93-1 having both functions.
~93-m and a control transmission/reception v194 dedicated to a control channel for control signals, which are transmitted through the first type exchange 1fi20-I and the gateway exchange 19 that manages and controls these plural first type exchanges 20-I. and is connected to the telephone network 10.

The configuration of one transmitter/receiver 1190 of the transmitter/receivers 90-1 to 90-m used in FIG. 1E is shown in FIG. 1F, and the ID identification memory included in the wireless base station W device 32 The connection relationship between the section 34C9, the control section 38G, and the reference crystal oscillator 40C is shown.

The transceiver 90 shown in FIG. 1F has almost the same configuration as the wireless base station 30B shown in FIG.
8C and a reference crystal oscillator 40C are shared.

Since such a configuration is used for the transmitting/receiving tffs 90-1 to 90-m in FIG. 1E, the changeover switch 44-
1.44-2, synthesizers 35-1 to 35-n
and each specific one of 36-1 to 36-n.
If one synthesizer is selected, the wireless base fi30G shown in FIG. 1E can transmit and receive m channels simultaneously.

In addition, a changeover switch 44-1゜44 for transmitting and receiving 1190
-2 to chop the synthesizers 35-1 to 35-n and 36-1 to 36-n at high speed and repeatedly switch them, one transceiver 90 can simultaneously transmit and receive n channels. It is possible to do so. therefore,
The radio base station 30C in FIG. 1E can simultaneously transmit and receive up to mxn channels.

Another embodiment of the mobile radio 50 is shown in FIG. 1G.

Mobile radio in Figure 1G! The difference between the fi50B and the mobile radio 1!1150 shown in FIG. , a reception switching controller 65 for both reception mixers 63 and 73, respectively.
G and a changeover switch 64- controlled by the control unit 58B.
1 and 64-3 to synthesizers 55-1 to 55.
-n is applied, and the outputs of the synthesizers 56-1 to 56-n are applied to the transmission mixer 61 via a changeover switch 64-2 controlled by a transmission switching controller 67C. .

The mobile radio device 50B shown in FIG. 1G has a function that has a particularly remarkable reception diversity effect.

A part of the reception signal received by the antenna section of the mobile radio device 50 is added to the reception mixer 73. Receive mixer 73
The outputs from the synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n are applied as local oscillation frequencies to the synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n via the changeover switch 64-3.

This changeover switch 64-3 is different from other changeover switches 64-
It is not necessary to switch at a high speed like 1 or 64-2, and a low switching speed of about 10H2 is sufficient, for example. When the changeover switch 64-3 is in the position to obtain the output of the synthesizer 55-1, the C/N value (carrier-to-noise ratio value) of the channel CHI measured by the C/N measurement receiving section 52 is sent to the control section 58B. introduce. Then, selector switch 64-3
is in a position to obtain the output of synthesizer 55-2,
Measure the C/N value of channel CH2. When the output of the synthesizer 55-n is turned on in the following order,
The C/N value of CHn is measured and transmitted to the control unit 58B. The control unit 58B uses these values to control the switching frequencies of the reception switching controller 65C and the transmission switching controller 67G so that they each operate at a speed inversely proportional to the C/N value, for example.

Next, a system for further increasing the receiving diversity effect will be described. FIG. 1H shows an example of the configuration of the mobile radio device 50C in this case.

In FIG. 1H, the input radio wave (input signal) to the mobile radio device 50G is divided into n equal parts by the antenna input section, and each radio wave is divided into n equal parts by the radio receiving circuits 68-1, 68-2, 68-2, 68-1, 68-2, 68-1, 68-2, . ... Arrive at 68-n. Each of the radio receiving circuits 68-1 to 68-n is equipped with a receiving mixer 63-1.63-2,...63-n, and a receiving section 53-1.53-2°...,53-n. The reception mixers 63-1 to 63-n each include synthesizers 55-1, 55-2, . ..., 55-n
The local oscillation frequency from is input. Therefore, in the configuration shown in FIG. 1B, the reception selector switch 64 shown in FIG.
There is no 1, but the constant name wireless channels CHI, CH2゜...
, Ct-1n signals can be received and demodulated. Further, a part of the output signals of these receiving parts 53-1 to 53-n is sent to the control part 58C, and the other part is added to the mixing circuit 69 to form a normal diapersity receiver (in this case, after the detection Processing is added in the same way as for synthesis), and the telephone unit 5
Sent to 9.

FIG. 11 shows the mobile radio fg! shown in FIG. 1H! 50C
A mobile radio 1150D different from that shown in FIG.
Wireless transmission circuits 66-1 to 66- including 1-1 to 51-n
Synthesizers 56- to each of the transmitting units 51-1 to 51-n are commonly connected and applied with signals to be transmitted, and respectively controlled by the control unit 58D to generate designated frequencies. The outputs from 1 to 56-n are applied to each transmission mixer 61-1 to 61-n. This mobile radio device 50D can continuously transmit multiple radio channels without chopping them using the changeover switch 64-2, unlike the mobile radio device 50G (FIG. 1H).

By adopting a circuit configuration as shown in FIGS. 1H and 11, it is possible to obtain a large diversity effect.

Mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D> and radio base station 30 (
B, C) For control signals with the first type exchange 20-I, a control channel dedicated to control signals may be used, or a signal outside the communication (speech) signal band may be used.

In order to transmit this control signal outside the communication (speech) signal band, specifically, when the control signal is an analog signal, a second
As shown in figure (a), the communication channel band is 0.3 to 3.
．． Low frequency fDO outside 0KH2 (e.g. about 100H
，! Or high frequency fD1= fD2- fD3...
- f, 8 (for example, 8 waves from 3.8 KHz to 4.5 KHz at 0.1 KHz intervals) is used.

When there are many items to be controlled, that is, many control data, the control frequency f. The wave number of O"" f08 may be further increased, or a subcarrier format may be adopted.

At this time, for example, f. By applying frequency modulation or amplitude modulation to one or more waves of ~f08, more control data can be transmitted.

Furthermore, when a digital data signal is used as a control signal, it is also possible to digitally encode the audio signal and time-division multiplex the two to be transmitted.
Shown in Figure (b). FIG. 2(b) shows an example of a case where an audio signal is digitized by a digital encoding circuit 91, and the audio signal is multiplexed with a data signal by a multiplex conversion circuit 92, and then applied to the modulation circuit of the transmitter 31.

Below, mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D>), radio base station 30 (B, C'), i-th type exchange (i=1°2.
3. . . , n) 20 and the functions of the gateway exchange 190 will be sequentially explained.

(A>Mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) First, among the functions provided by the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>, the functions of the control unit 5B (B, C, D>) will be explained. Control unit 5
8 (B, C, D>) has the following basic functions.

i) Commands the wireless transmission circuit 66 of the own mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> to emit or stop radio wave transmission, and controls the transmission power level.

ii) Self (l motion m?1l150 (B, C, D>
(7) Instruct the FI line receiving circuit 68 to receive or stop radio waves.

1ii) Instructing the telephone unit 59 whether or not to send a dial signal and instructing the transmission/reception of voice.

iv) Synthesizer groups 55-1 to 55-n and 5
Oscillation frequency (channel) designation, oscillation command and stop command for 6-1 to 56-n.

V) Control commands to the reception and transmission switching controllers 65G and 67C.

vi) Changing one or more channels in use according to instructions from the first type exchange 20-I.

vii) Request the first type exchange 20-I to change the channel to be used based on the information from the interference detector 62.

viii) ID/Roam area information verification storage unit 54
Confirm the ID of the other party with whom you should communicate based on the information from.

ix) Transfer of a communication channel to a mobile wireless device with a higher service type according to an instruction from the first type exchange 20-I.

x) Determination of on/off duty conditions for the reception (transmission) switching controllers 65C and 67G.

xi) Estimation of the moving direction and moving speed of the own mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) based on the report from the first type exchange 20-I.

xii) When multiple subsystems are installed within the system, the ability to access any or all of them.

Next, by using the functions i) to xii) in combination, the following applied functions can be provided.

1) Check the ID/roam area information collation storage unit 5 to check the radio channels used by other mobile radios or other radio base stations operating in the vicinity of the own mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>)
4 and used when making a call or switching communication channels.

2) Using the functions i), vi), and vii),
Setting the optimum transmission level for own mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>).

3) One application of the function in 2) is to determine the optimal signal speed for digital signal transmission.

4) The optimal channel to be used can be determined depending on the type of communication (telephone, fax data, etc.).

5) Channel switching operation is performed without interruption during communication.

(B) Wireless base station E30 (B, C) Devices each having the following functions are set in the wireless base station 30.

a> Each radio base station has a small number of dedicated radio transceivers (usually one) for transmitting and receiving control channels, and a number of dedicated communication channels corresponding to the number of communication channels assigned to that radio base station. A wireless transmitter/receiver is installed.

For example, assume that the wireless base station 30C in FIG. 1E is used. 1
The number of communication channels to be assigned to one radio base station 30C is the number of communication channels that should be allocated to one radio base station 30C.
(B.

The optimum value is given by the call traffic in C).

If the area of the zone is large and there are many mobile radios in the area, the call traffic will inevitably increase, so at least one control channel and multiple call channels are required, and the transmitter/receiver 90 (Figure 1F)
Naturally, a plurality of numbers are required. NTT's car phone system provides two control channels and up to six
There is an example in which about 0 communication channels are allocated.

However, the size of the zone gradually became smaller, and finally the above-mentioned document, Ito, "Proposal of a mobile phone system," Communications Society of Japan, Communication Systems Study Group Material C8-86-88, 1986, 1
As shown in January, when it comes to a very small zone with a radius of about 25 meters, the wireless base station that handles this area as a service area has to decide whether to install a wireless channel there in terms of call traffic, method, and cost. In some cases, control and telephone calls are each handled as one function, and the radio equipment that covers these functions has one transmission and reception function.

In other words, one transmitter/receiver is used for both control and communication (see Figure 1D). What's more, this dual-purpose system is different from the conventional system in that when a call is made from a certain mobile radio, it is initially handled using the control channel, and after specifying a free call channel, it also changes to the call channel itself and repeats the same call. It is not a simple method of communicating with a mobile radio, but as will be explained later, it uses a communication channel with one mobile radio and does not interfere with the radio frequency signals being transmitted and received even during communication, as will be explained later. By repeatedly switching between the communication channel and the control channel at a switching speed of A feature of the present invention is that it has additional functions.

As explained above, there are various possible configurations of the wireless base stations 30 (B, C), and the present invention is applicable to all of them.

However, in the radio base station 30 of FIG. 1A, only one set of transmitter/receiver is shown, and the rest are omitted.

b) The transmitter/receiver dedicated to communication channels installed in each radio base station 30 (B, C) is capable of receiving one channel out of a plurality of radio channels among the radio channels assigned to that radio base station. Of course, there are
In zones with severe traffic fluctuations, one transmitter/receiver 119 installed in the wireless base station 30C (Fig. 1E)
0 has a configuration as shown in FIG. 1F. That is, the configuration of the portion that transmits and receives radio signals is substantially the same as that of the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. 1B.

As a result, the call traffic in this zone increases, and even in the wireless base station 30C where m transmitters/receivers 90 are installed for normal m-channel communication, due to the increase in call traffic, communication of m or more channels becomes difficult. When necessary, a control signal sent from the control section 38C in the base station to one transceiver 90 constituting the radio base station 30G is used to control the synthesizer 35- which is currently in operation.
In addition to 1.36-1, 35-2.35-3. ... 35
-n and 36-2.36-3. ..., 36-n and changeover switches 44-1 and 44-2 are operated.

As a result, what was previously possible to transmit and receive using m channels becomes possible to transmit and receive using up to m×n channels. The number of channels that can be used simultaneously increases dramatically.

However, the transmission power of each channel will decrease depending on the number of switches unless a power amplifier is installed at the output of the transmission mixer 61, so it is necessary to pay attention to this point, and the total number of channels given to the system will decrease. It becomes the upper limit. Alternatively, if interference is to be caused to a channel that is communicating in another zone, the number of channels less than that is the limit. Naturally, it is also necessary to limit the signal band so that communication signals between channels do not overlap in the baseband frequency band.

The radio base station 30B in FIG.
0 (B, C, D) during communication using the communication channel, repeat the switching between the communication channel and the control channel at a switching speed that does not interfere with the transmitting/receiving radio frequency signal in the same way as described above. As a result, calls are accepted for the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) that requests a new call. A call can be made by having the wireless device that wishes to make a call transfer the channel.

As shown in FIG. 1C, the radio base station 30 is equipped with an ID identification storage unit 34, and the location of the mobile radio device 50 (existing in the home area) that normally exists in its own service area is registered. However, when the mobile radio device 50 in the home area moves to another area, the first type exchange 20-1 It has a function of storing the current position of the mobile radio device 50 based on a notification from the mobile radio device 50.

Below, the wireless base station 30 further includes the functions shown in FIG. 1F.
1C and 1D, the functions of the radio base stations 30 and 30B in FIGS. 1C and 1D are almost the same.

The control unit 38G has the following basic functions.

i) Transmitter/receiver 90 included in own wireless base station 30C
commands the transmitting unit 31 to start or stop transmitting radio waves, and controls the transmission power level.

ii) Instructing the receiving unit 33 of its own wireless base station 30C to receive or stop radio waves.

1ii) Notify the first type exchange II 20-I whether dialing signals can be sent or not, and whether voice transmission and reception can be done or not.

■) Synthesizer groups 35-1 to 35-n and 36-
Oscillation frequency (channel) designation, oscillation command and stop command for 1 to 36-n.

■) For reception and transmission switching controller 45.47,
Control command.

vi) Judgment of suitability for changing channels in use based on information from communication quality monitoring receivers 93-1 to 93-m, and transmitting quality information to mobile radio device 50 (B.

Determine whether or not to transmit to C, D>.

V) Judgment of suitability for changing the channel to be used based on information from the interference detector 42.

viii) Confirmation of the ID of the other party to communicate with and determination of the channel to be used based on the information from the ID identification storage unit 34C.

×) Based on a request from a mobile radio with a higher service type, the mobile radio 50 (B) that is currently on a call.

Aim to end communication with C and D> early. Or reverse immediate termination.

X> For reception and transmission switching controller 45.47,
Determination of on/off duty conditions.

xi) Regarding control decisions, mobile radio 50 (B.

C, D>, but lower than the first type exchange 20-■. This is related to control decisions, and when the mobile radio 50 (in phase with B, C, D>) M can exercise initiative over the mobile radio 1150 (B, C, D), The initiative is transferred to the exchange 20-I. However, xi) is defined for convenience of explanation, and in an actual system, the wireless base station 30
There is no problem in giving C or the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) the initiative (this is possible).

xii) As already explained in a) and b), in the case of a radio that serves both a communication channel and a control channel, (
A> The mobile radio device 50 (B, C.

Similarly to D), as shown in FIG. 1D, it has a plurality of synthesizers 35-1 to 35-n, 36-1 to 36-n,
The mobile radio tlI50 that wishes to make and receive new calls by repeatedly switching between the communication channel and the control channel at a switching speed that does not interfere with the transmitting/receiving radio frequency signal.
(B, C, D) must also have the function of accepting call operations and making calls possible.

Next, by using the functions i) to xii) in combination, the following applied functions are provided.

1) The ID identification storage unit 34C stores the radio channels used by other radio base stations operating in the vicinity of the own radio base station 30C and other mobile radio devices, and calls or switches the channel during communication. Use when.

2) As one application of the functions x) and xi), in times of high call traffic, suppression of calls, disconnection of channels in use, or recommendation for early termination are implemented.

3>;), vi), vii) using the functions,
Setting the optimum transmission level in own radio base station 30C.

4) One application of the function in 3) is to determine the optimal signal speed for digital signal transmission.

5) Determine the optimal channel to use depending on the type of communication (telephone, fax, data, etc.).

In addition, control 2I1 due to transition to another zone
The functions are as follows: 6) Mobile radio device 5° (B,
Based on the signals from C and D>, if the reception quality data is communicated and the first type exchange 20-I determines that the base station is selected as the new radio base station 30C, communication starts.

7) For the first type exchange 20-I, the mobile radio 15
0 (Based on requests from B, C, D>, open/close switch group 23 of communication paths and request parallel use of communication paths.

8) After performing channel switching during a call, the ID and call channel number of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) with which communication has been carried out is stored for a certain period of time.

9) Each radio base station 30 that received a location registration signal (control channel used) from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>
Based on the report from (B, C), the mobile radio 5
0 (IDC self-identification information of B, C, D>) via the communication path control unit 21 included in the first type exchange 20-I
It is stored in the identification storage section 24. In this case, in the present invention, since a location registration request is made from a plurality of radio base stations 30 (B, C), the quality of the signal received by the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) (S/N, C/ decibel values) are also stored.

10) Each radio base station 30 that received a calling signal (control channel used) from the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>
Based on the reports from (B, C), the wireless base station with the best received signal quality and the next best 30 wireless base stations (B, C)
) or mobile radio 50 (B.

By detecting the moving direction, speed, etc. of C, D>, a new zone wireless base station 30 (B, C) is selected in anticipation of the destination zone. Mobile radio 1150 (B,
C, D)) and reports the currently unused call channel number to the first type exchange 20-I and requests instructions.

For wireless base stations with degraded communication quality, mobile wireless devices 50 (B, C.

Send a command signal to stop communication with D).

(C) First type exchange 20-■ As shown in FIG. 1A, the first type exchange 20-I includes mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D>, wireless base station 30 (B,
C), first class exchange 20-I, barrier exchange 19. Setting and canceling a call path with the telephone network 10 (telephone subscriber), changing location registration due to migration of mobile radios between zones, and transmitting information such as location registration and call origination/reception to the upper level as necessary. It has functions such as transferring calls to the exchange and switching channels during calls. Specifically, the first type exchange 20-I has various functions as shown in FIG. 1A. This will be explained below.

a) Each radio base station 30 that has received a location registration signal (using a control channel) from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>
Based on the report from (B, C), the mobile radio 15
0 (B, C, D> ID (self-identification information) is stored in the ID identification storage unit 24 via the communication control unit 21. In this case, in the present invention, the Since a registration request is made, in addition to the ID of the mobile radio 50, the ID of the radio base stations 30 (B, C) and the quality of the signal received by the radio base stations 30 (B, C) (S/N, C/ decibel values) are also memorized.

b) Each radio base station 30 (which has received a calling signal (using a control channel) from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>)
Based on the reports from B and C), the wireless base station 30 (B, C) with the best received signal quality or the next best wireless base station 30 (B, C) is selected; The mobile radio 50 (B, C.

Specify a call channel number that is not being used at that time to communicate with D), and send a command signal to other radio base stations to stop communication with mobile radios 50 (B, C, D>). do.

c) Execution of the operation of the switch group 23 to be opened and closed in connection with the call originating from the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>) of b), and when the called party is included in the telephone network 10; is the transmission of information necessary for setting up a call with the called party to the gateway exchange 19.

d) When an incoming call signal to the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> is transmitted from a caller included in the telephone network 10 via the barrier exchange 119, Called mobile radio device 50 (B,
Confirm the current position of C, D>.

e) In connection with the incoming call to the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D> of d), the called mobile radio 50 (B, C.

D) An instruction to send a paging signal to the radio base station 30 (B, C) that covers the zone in which the current location of D) is registered.

First, this calling signal is sent to the mobile radio device 50 (B, C.

D) All wireless base stations 3 whose current locations are registered
0 (B, C), and each radio base station 30 (B, C) that receives the call simultaneously transmits the incoming call addressed to the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>) using the downlink control channel. However, this transmission time does not necessarily have to be the same time, and it may be transmitted sequentially in chronological order from each radio base station 30 (8, C>. In other words, interference due to the time difference of the signal It is sufficient if measures are taken to avoid this.

f〉 After the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D) start talking,
If the communication traffic situation within the system allows, approve the implementation of transmitting/receiving dypasity and instruct the execution of the operation.

g) Mobile radio device 50 performing transmitting/receiving diversity
(Regarding B, C, D>, if there is traffic congestion, an important subscriber makes a call, or a broadband signal service applicant appears at that time, the multiplicity of transmitting and receiving diversity (number of used channels) may decrease or , Determining and executing diaperity stopping.

h) According to items a) to e), the mobile radio device 50 in communication
(B, C, D) may be located within the same zone or when the wireless base station 30 moves from one zone to another.
If the quality of communication with (B, C) deteriorates, instruct that channel to perform an operation of switching the channel during communication (busy). Note that in order to carry out this operation, it is necessary to send a control signal to the opposing wireless base station 30 (B, C), but this instruction (control signal) is transmitted through a telephone call as shown in Fig. 2 (a). This is done using a frequency band above or below the frequency band of the communication signal.

i) By moving the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D>, each radio base station 30 (B,
In addition to measuring the change in reception quality of C), the moving direction and moving speed of the mobile radio 150 (B, C, D>(7) are estimated, and the mobile radio 150 (B, C, D>(7)) is estimated.

The traffic state (usage state of communication channels) at the radio base stations 30 (B, C) in the movement direction of D) is comprehensively judged, and if necessary, these radio base stations 30 (B,
Instructs to gradually decrease or increase the multiplicity of transmitting/receiving diversity of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) that is communicating with C).

(D>Type i exchange 20-i (i=1.2,3°...
・,n) The functions of the i-th class exchange 2o-i are the i+1st and i+
2... Seed exchanger and subordinate (subordinate) 1-1. ,i
-2, ... has an interface for sending and receiving signals with a type exchange, stores the location registration of the mobile radio 150 and calling/receiving information in its own exchange as necessary, and sends it to an upper or lower exchange. It has the function of transferring.

FIG. 10 shows the case of 1=n=2. A film formed from this is shown in FIG. 13A. However, in FIG. 13A, for simplicity, the service area managed by each first-class exchange is shown not in a circle but in a straight line.

FIG. 13A also shows a configuration example in which the number of ranks is 1 and n=5. In this example, the fifth type exchange Ifi20-V
becomes the barrier switch 19. Details of the functions of each hierarchy shown in FIG. 13A are published in, for example, the following literature.

Ito ``Study of mobile phone systems - Focusing on routing of radio line control'' IEICE Technical Report C387-16 May 1985 and Patent Application 1982-000 For example, for location registration - Intra-membrane It has the following functions.

A plurality of mobile radio devices 50 existing in a service area serving as a unit, a plurality of type I exchanges accommodating wireless base stations 30 that communicate with these mobile radio devices, and these type I exchanges are connected via a trunk line. at least one i+1th
The seed exchanger is 1=1°2.3. The switching system is configured such that the i+1 type switching equipment covers the entire service area, and each of the plurality of mobile radio equipment is normally located at the home office where each of the mobile radio equipment is normally located. It has a function of registering self-identification information assigned to distinguish the area and each mobile radio device 5'O from each other in the first type and i-th type 11 exchanges that manage the home area.

An example of the above self-identification information is shown in FIG.

As shown in the figure, it is possible to divide and identify the roam areas corresponding to the exchanges of each hierarchy. That is, in the figure, if the mobile radio v150 leaves its home area and is in a type 0 roam area, the type n exchange manages that area.

The Nth type exchange reads the position information shown in the 0th type roam area classification and makes a decision.

(E) Gateway Switch 19 The highest rank of the I-class switches 20-+ is particularly referred to as the barrier switch 19. The exchange where i takes the highest value n is the first
As is clear from Fig. 3A, there is only one communication network, that is, in the case of the example of Fig. 13A of the present invention, the telephone network 1
It has an ink face function with 0. According to the present invention, mutual access between a mobile communication network and a telephone network becomes possible, and calls to and from the mobile communication network 10 can be realized.

Note that when multiple subsystems are installed in the system, the barrier switch 19 is not provided in the case of i=1;
- Provided for 2 or more cases.

Next, the operation of the entire system will be explained in terms of the following items. However, except for (5) and (7), the description will be made assuming that the mobile radio device 50 can access only one subsystem.

(1> Location registration (2) Call origination operation (3) Call reception operation (4) Application of diversity during low traffic times (5) Explanation and rationale for channel switching during a call and the diversity effect (6) Mobile radio equipment Estimation of moving direction and speed of traffic and call channel allocation method for traffic congestion countermeasures (7) Regarding lowering the switching frequency of repeated switching applied when switching channels during calls, etc. (8) Measures against system failure ( 1) Location-registered mobile radio I!150 (B, C, D>) is already installed in the home area, which is the permanent location, or in the roam area, which is an area within the service other than the home area. and surrounding wireless base stations 30-1~
30-n is operating, the mobile radio 50 (B
, C, D) is turned on to start operation, the first thing that can be performed is a location registration operation. The flow of this location registration operation is shown and explained in FIGS. 4A and 4B.

When the power switch of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) is turned on, a signal to start an operation for registering the current location is sent to nearby radio base stations, for example, using an uplink control channel (CH). 30-1 to 3Q-n (FIG. 4A)) This mobile radio 4150 (B,
Upon receiving the operation start signal from C, D) (3202>
, the radio base station 30 confirms that the mobile radios 50 (B, C, D) have started operating 3203>, and once confirmed (S203
YES), if the downlink control channel is off, it is turned on and permission to send a location registration signal is sent using the downlink control channel (S204).

Upon receiving permission to send a location registration signal (3205), the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D) send out a location registration signal with their own ID (identification number) using the uplink control channel (3205). S206>.Communication using this control channel is possible even in the wireless base station 30B shown in FIG. Even if the network is being used between multiple channels, multiple channels can be chopped at high speed and sent and received at the same time, so they are always secured.

Upon receiving the location registration signal (S207>, the wireless base station 3
0 (B, C), the reception quality is inspected and the ID is stored in the ID identification storage unit 34 (3208>. If the reception quality is greater than or equal to a certain value as a result of the inspection, (S209YES,
4B), the location registration request signal is sent to the first type exchange 20-I.
(3210>. The first type switching equipment 20-1 that received this registration request signal (S211) stores the reception quality and position in the plurality of wireless base stations 30-1 to 30-n. (3212>).

When this registration work is completed, a registration completion signal is sent out (3213>. The radio base station 30 (B, C) that has received this registration completion signal uses the downlink control channel to transmit the registration completion signal to the mobile radio device 50 (B, C). , D>.

Mobile radio 1150 that received the registration completion signal (S215)
(B, C, D> is the ID (identification number) of each wireless base station 30 (B, C) registered after inspecting the received content.
Store in the ROHM area information collation storage unit 54 (321
6>.

With the above operations, the location registration operation is completed and the device enters a standby state for an incoming call.

Note that, as is clear from the above description, the mobile radio device 50 (B) of the mobile communication system according to the present invention.

Location registration in C and D) differs from conventional systems in that registration is performed at multiple locations (in units of wireless base stations). This represents one feature of the present invention.

Furthermore, when storing location registration information, the radio base 830 (B, C) and the first type exchange 20-I store the location registration signal sent from the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D). Measure quality and include and store the value. Therefore, for example, in the first type exchange 20-■, the mobile radio R
30 (B, C, D> ID of the wireless base station 30 (B, C) whose reception quality was high in order to store the location registration signal.
For example, the information is stored in descending order of reception quality as shown below.

Table 1 Wireless base station Tsutomu Satominou Reception quality Date ID IOS/N (C/N) Hour, minute, second 3
0-1 50 50 1987.8,1
113, 24.56 30-2 50 45 1987.8,
1113, 24.56 30-3 50 35 1987.8,
1113, 24.56 30-4 50 30 1987.8,
1113, 24.56 30-5 50 25 1987. B,
1113, 24.56 Similarly, each wireless base station also has its own wireless base station 30 (B.

It stores not only the information received by C) but also the received information of surrounding wireless base stations as shown in Table 1. This occurs when a communication path is set up between mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D).

This information is not only useful when switching channels during calls as the mobile radios 50 (B, C, D> move), but also useful for estimating the moving direction, speed, etc. of the mobile radios 50 (B, C, D>). This is because it is necessary.

For the same reason as above, mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C,
The ID roam area information collation storage unit 54 in D> also stores information in the same manner as in Table 1.

Next, the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D) move from the zone in which their location was registered while they are on standby (not talking),
Suppose that it has moved to an adjacent zone. For example, in a system where control signals are constantly being sent from the wireless base stations 30 (B, C), this recognition of movement requires the ID of the wireless base station 30 (B, C) included in the received control signal to be moved. Radio 5
0 (B, C, D> can be identified by comparing it with the stored ID.

In a system in which control signals are not always sent from the radio base stations 30 (B, C, D>), the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>
0 (B, C) using the uplink control channel, and in response, each wireless base station 30
Wireless base station 30 (B, C) sent from (B, C)
) is made possible by comparing the ID information stored in the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D).

In any of the above systems, among the ID information of the wireless base stations 30 (B, C) obtained as a result, the base station ID information previously stored in the mobile wireless devices 50 (B, C, D>) If it is discovered that there is at least one new base station ID information that is different, the mobile radio 50
(B, C, D) are judged to have moved to the new zone,
The control unit 58 (B, C) (see FIG. 1B) updates the location registration in the ID roam area information verification storage unit 54. In other words, the mobile radio 5 uses the uplink control channel.
0 (ID information of B, C, D> is sent to nearby wireless base stations 30
Send to (B, C).

A plurality of wireless base stations 30 (B
, C), perform the same procedure as already explained,
Mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D
> sends out a location registration signal.

The first type exchange 20-I that received this signal operates its internal ID identification storage unit 24 and the mobile radio 50 (
As the location registration information of B, C, D), from the conventional information,
Rewrite with new information. As a result, the mobile radio device 50
(The location registration of B, C, D> is updated.

The above update work is performed on the mobile radio device 50 (B, C.

D) is necessary because it is in standby mode, and if you move to a new zone during communication (talking), the first
When assigning a new call channel between the new radio base station (B, C) and the mobile radio 150 (B, C, D), the type exchanger 20-I updates the location registration at the same time, so a special This operation is not necessary.

Note that in a system where the number of radio devices installed in the radio base stations 30 (B, C) is small and the radio devices for control channels are diverted to communication channels, the radio base stations 30 (
When B, C) is communicating with another mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>), if the conventional technology is used, there is no other radio on standby, so even if another mobile radio Even if a location registration request was issued from the mobile radio, the call was invalid. However, the configuration of the mobile radio equipment includes, for example, a plurality of synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n, 56-1 to 56- as shown in FIG. 1B. n
By equipping the mobile radio with a changeover switch 64-1, 64-2, etc., the transmitting/receiving channel can be repeatedly switched while chopping, even if the mobile radio is already communicating with another mobile radio. It is possible to communicate with the machine via the control channel. Therefore, it becomes possible to accept location registration.

The above is a mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D, hereinafter referred to as B, C).
, D (display omitted)) is performed not from the vicinity of the service area managed by one type 1 exchange 20-■, but from the center or a place slightly further inside than the periphery. there were.

The following describes a case where location registration is performed around the service area.

The service area is not very wide and there is only one gateway switch 1
There is no problem if the system manages 9 or all the radio base stations 30 in that area, but if the system is large and the number of mobile radio devices 50 accommodated in it is large, or the service area is wide. For reasons such as economic efficiency, there are cases where a service area cannot be completely handled by one type 1 exchange 20. FIG. 10 shows an example of this, in which one mobile communication network is formed by the service area of the first type exchange 20-1-a and the service area of the first type exchange 201-b. It is shown that the gateway switch 19 supervises and manages these two first type switch 20-1. The barrier switch 19 also has the function of interfacing with the general telephone network 10 or other mobile radio networks.

Regarding the location registration when the mobile radio device 50 exists in the area indicated by diagonal lines in FIG.
The location registration location of the mobile radio 150 and the location registration method to the various exchanges 20 will be explained using FIG.

Mobile radio equipment 5Q-a shown in the lower part of FIG. 13A
50-d are all the same mobile wireless devices, and their positional relationships are shown when they move within the service area. However, the home area of mobile radio 4150, that is, the area where it is always located, is within the area of radio base station 3O-a-1. In addition, the mobile radio device 5o-a is a type 1 exchange v120
- Leaving the service area managed by I-a and approaching the area managed by the first type exchange 2O-I-b (this is the area managed by the second type exchange 2O-II-a),
The mobile radio 50-b moves in the direction of the arrow from the position 50-a, leaves the service area managed by the first type exchange 120-1-a, and moves to the first type exchange 2O-.
The area managed by I-b (this is the second type exchange 2O-n
-A is approaching the area managed by mobile radio 1! l50C is within the area managed by the fourth type exchange 2O-IV-a, but is moving between the area managed by the third type exchange 2O-II-b, and the mobile radio L! 5Q
-d is moving within the area managed by the fifth type exchange 20-V, but from the fourth type exchange t120-IV-a to the same
It shows that it is moving to O-IV-b (not shown).

Among the above, the mobile radio device 50 in the state 50-b is located at the wireless base station 3O-b-1 which is outside the area managed by the first type exchange 2O-I-a and whose location has already been registered. A registration signal will be sent. Then, since it recognizes that the mobile radio device 50 is not managed by the radio base station 3O-b-1 that received this signal, the radio base station 3O-b
-1 stores the ID of this mobile radio device 50 in its internal ID identification storage unit 34, and the radio base station 3O-b-1
The location registration signal is transferred to the first type exchange 2O-I-b that manages the location registration signal.

The first type exchange 2O-I-b that received this signal investigated the contents of the signal and found that the first type exchange 1120-1-
Since b recognizes that the mobile radio 50 is not managed by itself, the ID of the mobile radio 50 and the ID of the radio base 830-b-1 are stored in the storage circuit of the first type exchange 2O-1-b itself.
remember. At the same time, the location registration signal from the mobile radio 50 is transferred to the second type exchange 2O-n-a, which is managing the first type exchange 2O-I-b.

At the second type exchange 1fi20-I[-a that received this signal, we investigated the content of the signal and found that the second type exchange 20-I[-a]
It recognizes that it is a mobile radio device 50 within the service area managed by II-a itself, but that it has moved from the area of the first type exchange v120-I-a that manages its home area. Since the first type exchange 2O-I-
A is notified that the mobile radio 50 is moving to the area of the first type exchange 2O-I-b. The first type exchange 11120-I-a that receives this notification rewrites the memory contents of its own station and transmits the above information to the wireless base 7430-a-1 that manages the home area.

The radio base station 3O-a-1 that has been notified of this updates its own storage contents.

The above operation is performed when the mobile radio va50 changes from 50-a to 50-
This was a case of moving to state b, but the same thing can be done in state 5.
This also applies to the states of the mobile radio 50 indicated by 0-C and 50-d. These location registrations are performed for each wireless base station 30 that has received a good location registration signal, so if the service areas of three first-class exchangers 20-I are adjacent to each other, - In the vicinity of the area, if three wireless base stations 30 managed by the respective first-class exchanges 20-I receive location registration signals from the mobile radio a50, these signals are sent to the first-class exchanges respectively. 20-I, type 2 exchange 2o-n, etc., and the location registration signal is transmitted to the upper level exchange that manages type 1 exchange 20-■, which is farthest from the home area from the mobile radio@50's perspective. It will be sent. At the same time, the current location of the mobile radio device 50 is transferred to the first type exchange 2O-I-a and the radio base station 3O-a-1 in the home area that manage the mobile radio device 50.

The flow of the location registration operation accompanying the movement of the mobile radio device 50 explained using FIG. 13A is shown in FIGS. 12A to 12.
This will be explained using the flowchart shown in Fig. E. In these figures, a mobile radio 50. Wireless base station 30. 1st type exchange 20-I, 2nd type exchange 2O-IF, 3rd type exchange 2O-III, 4th type exchange 20-IV
and a fifth-class exchange 20 that functions as a barrier exchange 19.
−■ has already started operating.

When a location registration request signal is sent from the mobile radio device 50 (
8301, FIG. 12A), the nearest wireless base station 30 receives this, checks the ID (identification information) of the mobile wireless device 50, stores it, adds its own ID, and selects the ID (identification information) of the mobile wireless device 50. It is sent to the type 1 exchange 20-■ (S302>).

The first type exchange 120-I receives the IO of the mobile radio 50 and the ID of the radio base station 30 (S303), and confirms that the mobile radio 50 is under its own management (has not already registered its location as a home area). (3304)
), if it is under its own management (S304Y), it completes its location registration, stores the location, and sends a notification that the registration has been completed to the wireless base station 30 (3305).

Upon receiving this, the wireless base station 30 forwards the location registration completion report to the mobile wireless device 50 (3306), and in step 3
The mobile radio device 50 that made the location registration request in step 301 receives this location registration completion report (S307).

In step 5304, if it is determined that the mobile radio 50 that has requested location registration is not under the control of the first type exchange 20-1 itself (3304N>, the first type exchange 20-I The ID of 1150 and the ID of the radio base station 30 that sent it are stored in the internal storage section, and a location registration request signal is sent to the upper type 2 exchange 2O-II (3308, FIG. 12B).

ID of the mobile radio device 50 that is the location registration request signal.

When the second type exchange 2O-II receives the ID of the wireless base station 30 and the ID of the first type exchange 20-■ (3309
), the second type exchange 20-n is the second type exchange 2
It is checked whether the mobile radio 50 is under the control of 0-m (S310), and if it is under the control of the mobile radio 50 (S31).
0Y), the location registration is completed, the location is memorized, and the completion of registration is reported to the home area and the destination type 1 exchange 20-I, and the destination is notified via the wireless base station 30. Reported to mobile radio 50 (3311.530
6,3307).

In step 8310, if it is determined that the mobile radio 1fi50 that has requested location registration is not under the control of the second type exchange 20-II itself (331ON>, this second type exchange 20-I [is , stores the ID of the mobile radio device 50, the ID of the radio base station 30 that sent it, and 10 of the first type exchange 20-I in the internal storage section, and registers the location to the upper type third exchange 20-■. Send a request signal (S
312, Figure 12C).

ID of the mobile radio device 50 that is the location registration request signal.

The ID of the wireless base station 30, the ID of the first type exchange 20-I, and the ID of the second type exchange R20-TI are transferred to the third type exchange 20.
-In receives (3313), its mobile radio 50
checks whether the mobile radio 50 is under the control of the third type exchange 2O-III (S314), and if it is under its own control (S314Y), completes its location registration, The location is memorized and the completion of registration is reported to the home area and destination type 2 exchange 2O-II and type 1 exchange 20-I. Reported to 50 (3314.530
6.5307).

In step 5314, if it is determined that the mobile radio 50 that has requested location registration is not under the control of the third type exchange 2O-Ill itself (3314N>, the third type exchange 20-1 The ID of the device 50, the ID of the wireless base station 30 that sent it, and the first type exchange 20
-I and the ID of the second type exchange 20-II are stored in the internal storage section, and a location registration request signal is sent to the upper type fourth exchange 20-IV (3316, FIG. 12D).

ID of the mobile radio device 50 that is the location registration request signal.

ID of wireless base station 30, and first type and second type.

The 4th type exchange v120-IV receives each ID of the 3rd type exchange e120-I, 20-m, and 2O-III as the received Lb (S31
7), the mobile radio device 50 is connected to this fourth type exchange 2O-
It is checked whether the mobile radio 50 is under the control of the IV (S318), and if it is under the control of the IV (S318).
Y), complete the location registration, memorize the location, and confirm that the registration has been completed with the 3rd, 2nd, and 1st type exchange of the home area and destination! l2O-III, 20-I[,2
0-I, and at the destination, it is reported to the mobile radio 50 via the radio base 830 (3319.3306, 5
307).

In step 8318, if it is determined that the mobile radio device 50 that has requested location registration is not under the control of the fourth type exchange 20-IV itself (3318N>, this fourth type exchange 20-IV ID of the device 50, ID of the wireless base station 30 that sent it, and type 1,
2nd class, 3rd class exchange equipment 20-I, 20-n, 2O-II
The ID of I is stored in the internal storage section, and a location registration request signal is sent to the upper type 5 exchange 20-V (S320, Fig. 12E).

ID of the mobile radio device 50 that is the location registration request signal.

ID of wireless base station 30, and first type and second type.

3rd class, 4th class exchange 20-I, 20-I [, 20-I
Il, 2O-IV (7) Each IDfE-5th type exchange 11
20-V receives (3321), its mobile radio Vs
50 checks whether the mobile radio 50 is under the control of this fifth type exchange 120-V (3322), and if it is under its own control (S322Y), completes its location registration. , remember your location and confirm that you have completed the registration.
4th type of area and destination.

3rd class, 2nd class, 1st class exchange 2O-IV, 2O-nl
, 20-n, and 20-I, and at the destination, it is reported to the mobile radio device 50 via the radio base station 30 (3323
．． 5306, 3307).

In step 5322, if it is determined that the mobile radio device 50 that has requested location registration is not under the control of the fifth type exchange 20-V itself (3322N>, the fifth type exchange 20-V 1150 ID, the ID of the wireless base station 30 that sent it, and the first, second, third, and fourth type exchanges 20-I, 20-I, 2O-I
II, 2O-IV IDs are stored in the internal storage, it is determined that the mobile radio device 50 does not exist in the country of original nationality and has been moved to a foreign country, and at the same time, the mobile radio device 50 is notified to that effect to the foreign country. This is reported to the destination 4th, 3rd, 2nd, and 1st type exchanges 2O-IV, 2O-III, and 20-n.

20-1. The information is reported to the mobile radio device 50 via the radio base station 30 (3324).

In this way, location registration is completed.

(2) Calling operation The calling operation from the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>) will be explained.

It is assumed that the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D> are powered on and the location registration explained in section (1) has been completed. When calling another mobile radio in the system or a telephone housed in the telephone network 10 shown in FIG. 1A, the calling operation is the same as when calling from a currently used car telephone. Dial operation is performed.

Now, the user lifts up the handset (hang-off) of the telephone section 59 of the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. 1B. In this state, the mobile radio 50 determines at what timing the calling signal sent from the mobile radio 50 should be sent to the uplink control channel (from the mobile radio 50 to the radio base station 30 (B, C)). The control unit 58 knows this. In the waiting state before the calling state, the downlink control channel (from the radio base station 30 (B, C) to the mobile radio 50
), the mobile radio device 50 has captured the control signal contained therein and recognizes the timing at which the call can be made.

However, in a system in which the downlink control signals are not always sent from the radio base stations 30 (B, C), the uplink control signals from the mobile radio 50 are transmitted to the radio base stations 30 (B, C).
C) and in response to this, the calling timing of the wireless base station 30 that desires to make a call is included in the downlink control channel transmitted from a plurality of wireless base stations.

Also, in the mobile radio [50, all the functions shown in FIG. 1B are active. In particular, synthesizer 55-1.55-
2. ..., 55-n is made to prepare for local oscillation frequency oscillation, but the selector switch 64-1 is kept fixed at the position where the synthesizer 55-1 is selected. Further, the control unit 58 sends a control signal to the synthesizer 55-1 to oscillate a local oscillation frequency for receiving the downlink control channel. On the other hand, radio base stations 30-1, 30-2. ..., 30-n, if there is only one radio in the radio base station, the next operation will be performed depending on whether or not it is communicating with another mobile radio. It is working on receiving uplink control signals.

First, at the wireless base station 30 (B, C) that is communicating with another mobile wireless device at that time, the wireless base station 30 (B, C)
) reception and transmission switching controllers 65C, 67C1
and synthesizer 55-1゜55-2.56-1.5
6-2 is in operation, 55-1 and 56-1 output the local oscillation frequency necessary for communication with other mobile radios, and synthesizers 55-2 and 56-2 output the local oscillation frequency necessary for communication with other mobile radios. It outputs the local oscillation frequency that requires communication. Therefore, a call from a mobile radio device 50 located near the radio base station 30 (B, C) can be answered immediately.

Next, at that time, the radio base stations 30 (B, C) that are not communicating with the mobile radio device and are on standby on the control channel can receive the reception status of the radio reception circuit 68 on the control channel. This is how it is fixed. Therefore, in a system that constantly sends out control signals or a system that sends out control signals intermittently, the wireless transmitting circuit 66 and the like are inactive at times other than intermittent transmission, and are simply connected to the wireless receiving circuit 68, synthesizer 55- Only 1 is in operation.

Now, under the above conditions, the mobile radio device 50 transmits a call request signal. A call request signal containing the ID of the mobile radio device 50 is created by the control section 58 in FIG. 1B and sent to the radio transmission circuit 66. The signal is modulated in the radio transmission circuit 66, amplified to an appropriate level, and then added to the antenna from the transmission mixer 61 and sent to the radio base station 30-1 or the like.

The radio base station 30-1 etc. that has successfully received this signal inspects the content of the received signal and
1, and confirms that the call is from the mobile radio 50 whose location has been registered.
Adding the reception quality value and empty channel number received by the radio base station 30-1, reply to the calling mobile radio 50 and requesting the mobile radio 50 to determine the communication channel number to be used. do. If the mobile radio is not stored in the storage unit 34 of the radio base station 30-1, it is stored at this point and the added information is returned to the mobile radio 50. However, in this case, the timing of the reply is related to the reception quality as described above so as not to interfere with replies from other radio base stations.

In the first type exchange 20-I, the wireless base station 30-1
A communication path is set up with the radio base station with the best reception quality from the mobile radio device 50 obtained in the above steps, and the same radio base station (30-1) is unused at that time and has no radio interference. A communication channel in which there is no possibility of occurrence of such occurrence is investigated, and if any is found, a reply is sent to the radio base station 30-1 that has requested communication channel allocation. The radio base station 30-1 that received this reply transmits it to the mobile radio device 50 using the downlink control channel.

On the other hand, the mobile radio device 50 receives this signal, examines the contents of the signal, confirms that the communication channel is assigned to the mobile radio device 50, and changes the transmission/reception channel to the instructed communication channel.

Further, in the wireless system control device 20, the switch SW of the switch group 23 for setting a communication path is turned on.

At this time, a dial tone is heard on the telephone unit 59 of the mobile radio device 50, and when the user performs a dial operation, a A dial pulse (PS signal) is sent.

The telephone network 10 of the called side is as follows. A communication path is established between the barrier switch 19° first type switch ti 120-I, the radio base station 30-1, and the mobile radio 50.

The flow of the calling operation will be described above with reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B. However, only one radio base station 30 (30-1> is shown) that communicates with the mobile radio device 50.
0-■ and the radio base station 30-1 have already started operating, and the mobile radio device 50 has also started operating.
The location registration work described in FIG. 4B has been completed. The handset is picked up (off-hook), and this off-hook signal and the ID (identification number) of the mobile radio 50 are transmitted using the uplink control channel (CH) (S231, fifth
Figure A).

The wireless base station 30-1 that received this transmits the mobile wireless device 50.
, and confirms that it is already stored in the ID identification storage unit 34 (3232>).

Therefore, the wireless base station 30-1 adds the reception quality value received from the mobile wireless device 50 and the current empty channel number, and sends it as a call response signal using the transmission path (3233
>.

The first type exchange 20-I that receives such call response signals from the plurality of wireless base stations 30 checks the ID (identification signal) from each wireless base station 130 and considers the value of reception quality. 8234>, a radio base station 30-1 to 3Q-n capable of diversity transmission and reception, for example, is selected, an empty channel is checked, and a signal specifying a communication channel to be used is sent out (3235). Here, channel CH1 is transmitted to radio base station 30-1. At the wireless base station 30-1, the wireless base station 30 instructed by the first type exchange 20-I
-1's ID and the specified call channel (
CH) is vacant and transfers the channel designation signal using the downlink control channel (3236>
. Upon receiving this channel designation signal, the mobile radio 50 confirms that the designated channel is free, switches to the designated channel (3237), and sends a channel switching completion report using the downlink control channel. (323
8>. The radio base station 30-1 that received this switching completion report also switches the channel and reports the completion (S239>. In response to this, the first type exchange 20-1 confirms that the channel switching has been completed.
I is the ID of the wireless base station 30-1 and the mobile wireless device 50
5240 to store the communication quality in the ID identification storage unit 24.
>, Under the control of the communication control unit 21, the switch group 23, for example, 5WI-1 is turned on to connect the wireless base station 30-1 to the exchange 11 of the telephone network 10 (3241).Then, from the gateway exchange 19 side, the A dial tone is sent out via the switch group 23 of the type 1 exchange 20-I (324
2, Figure 5B).

This dial tone is transferred by the radio base station 30-1 via channel CHI (downlink) (3243) and received by the mobile radio 50 to confirm that a call has been established (3244>. The radio 50 sends out a dial signal for the destination using channel C1]1 (upstream) 5245>, and the gateway switch 19 operates to set up a communication path to the destination on the telephone network 10 (3247). >.The call is then made (3248>).

When the call is completed, the handset goes on hook (S
249), the on-hook signal and end-of-call signal are sent to the mobile radio 5.
0 using channel CH1 (upstream) (3
250>. As a result, the radio base station 30-1 confirms the end of the call (3251) and notifies the first type exchange 20-I of the end of the call. Therefore, in the first type exchange 20-I, the switch 5W1-1 of the switch group 23 is turned off, and the call is terminated (32
52).

Note that in the above description, the number of radio base stations 30 that communicate with the mobile radio device 50 was limited to one in the first type exchange 20-■;
This is not necessarily necessary.

That is, similarly to the application of transmitting/receiving diversity, which will be described later, it is possible to communicate with a plurality of wireless base stations 30 by sending a call. However, in this case, it is necessary to make a decision with sufficient consideration of the traffic conditions in the vicinity.

Furthermore, there is no problem in transmitting data from a plurality of radio base stations 30 to the mobile radio device 50 at the same time. However, in this case, assuming that there is no problem since the call signal is the same, the control signal is moved to a different occupied frequency band outside the band (see Fig. 2 (a)), and from which wireless base station 30 the signal is transmitted is moved. It is necessary to make the identification on the radio device 50 side.

In the above, calls from the mobile radio device 50 are not in the vicinity of the service area managed by one type 1 exchange 20-I,
This was the case when the attack was carried out from the center or from a place a little further inside than the periphery. A case will be explained in which a call is made from around the service area. In this case, similar to the location registration described above, control signals related to call origination are exchanged with a plurality of wireless base stations 30 managed by the first type exchange 20-I. In the setting of communication paths, a plurality of communication path switches are simultaneously opened and closed in the second type exchange 20-■, which manages the plurality of first type exchanges 20-I, or a higher-level exchange. The outline of this operation is exactly the same as the operation of the first type switch 20-, which has already been explained. However, from a technical point of view, it is important to keep in mind that there is a possibility that a difference in signal delay time may occur due to differences in transmission paths.In order to keep this difference within a constant value, for example, within several m5ec in the case of audio signals, a delay compensation circuit is required. must be inserted into the transmission path. This is technically easy.

Regarding billing, if a call path is established to the other party via the exchange 20 located above the mobile radio 50, it is natural that the number of charges per unit time will increase. However, considering the characteristics of mobile communications, it is not appropriate to change the frequency for each narrow service area. Flat rate, etc.
In some cases, a method that takes the wide-area time and minute side is appropriate.

(3) Call Receiving Operation The present invention has been described above regarding the origination of a call from the mobile radio device 50, but the flow of the operation of receiving a call to the mobile radio device 50 will be explained below using FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B. . Here, among the many radio base stations 30, 30-1 is shown as a representative.

For example, a mobile radio device 50 or the like existing in the vicinity of radio base station 30-1 or the like is on standby on a control channel that is commonly used by all radio base stations 30.

However, in a system with a relatively large and small zone configuration, the control channels transmitted from each radio base station 30 may be different, and in this case, the reception control channel is also different for each radio base station 30. . In such a system, the mobile radio 50 is on standby for one of the downlink control channels. Furthermore, communication with a plurality of wireless base stations 30 involves the procedure of applying diversity described in (4).

Now, in FIG. 1A, from the telephone network 10 to the barrier switch 19
Assume that an incoming call signal addressed to the mobile radio device 50 enters the radio system control device 20 via the mobile radio device 50. ID in the first type exchange 20-I
It is assumed that the identification storage unit 24 inspects the incoming call signal and searches for the ID of the called party, and finds the wireless base station 30 (plurality) whose current location is registered. Then, the mobile radio device 50 simultaneously sends an incoming call signal to all the radio base stations 30 whose locations are registered via the communication control unit 21 (3271, FIG. 6A).

Each radio base station 30 that received this signal (including a mobile radio 50
There are some that perform location registration from , but the operation is exactly the same. ), the ID identification storage unit 34 (
C) and confirms that the ID of mobile radio [50] is stored therein, sends a signal to the mobile radio 50 requesting the incoming call and communication channel designation to the radio base station 30 using the downlink control channel. -1 is added and sent.

The mobile radio device 50 is called to other radio base stations 30 in a similar manner at substantially the same time (S272).

On the other hand, this incoming call signal is received by the mobile radio device 50 on standby on the control channel, and when the content of the received signal is searched and it is confirmed that it is an incoming call signal addressed to the mobile radio device 50 (3273
>, the incoming call confirmation signal is sent to the radio base station 30-1, 30-2, using the uplink control channel. −． Send to 30-n (
3274).

Each radio base station 30-1 to 30-n that has received the uplink control channel from the mobile radio 1150 inspects the quality of the received signal, confirms the ID of the mobile radio 50 that transmitted the signal, and then processes the signal (3).
275), and sends an incoming call response signal to the first type exchange 1120-I (8276>).

This incoming call response signal to the radio system control device 20 also includes the ID of the mobile radio device 50. When this incoming call response signal is received, the first type exchange l1120■ checks whether the ID of the mobile radio 50 is already stored in the ID identification storage unit 24, and if it is not stored, It is registered in the ID identification storage unit 24 together with the quality inspection data of the wireless base station 30-1 (3277), and a response confirmation signal including a signal specifying the communication channel is sent to the wireless base station 30-1 etc. along with the stored ID etc. (3278).

The radio base station 30-1 that received this response confirmation signal confirms that the ID of the mobile radio 50 has been correctly registered (5279>) and checks whether the channel specified by the first type exchange 20-■ is free. 3280, FIG. 6B), and sends a signal indicating whether the switching is approved or rejected to the mobile radio 50 via the downlink control channel (3281).

When the mobile radio R50 receives this channel designation signal (S282) and confirms that the designated channel is an empty channel (8283), it switches to that channel and sends a channel switching completion report to the uplink control channel. and sends it out (S284).

Confirmed that the channel was switched to a free channel (3285
>The wireless base station 30-1 switches to this channel and
A channel switching completion signal is sent to the first type exchange 20-I (3286>).

When the first type exchange 20-I receives the channel switching completion signal, it operates the communication path control section 21 to set the communication path to the telephone network 10 via the barrier exchange 19, and controls the switch group 23, for example. 5W1-1 is turned on to connect the wireless base station 30-1 and the telephone network 10 (3287>).

Therefore, a calling signal is sent from the telephone network 10 side via the barrier switch 19 and the first type switch 20-■ (3288
, FIG. 6C), and confirm this at the wireless base station 30-1 (
3289). Then, a ringing bell signal is sent through the set communication channel CH1, and the mobile radio 50 generates a ringing tone (8291>).

When the handset on the mobile radio 50 side is lifted (off hook) due to this ring tone (S292), channel C
An off-hook signal is sent by H1, and the wireless base station 30-
1 (3293>), received by the first type exchange 20-I (S294>, and transferred to the telephone network 10 and the mobile radio 50
A call is started between the user and the user (S295>).

When the call ends, the handset is put down and the on-hook signal and end-of-call signal are sent to the wireless base station 30 via channel CH1.
-1 (S296>, and the wireless base station 30-1, which has confirmed the end of the call, transfers this signal (3297>).
20-I operates the communication control unit 21, turns off 5WI-1 of the switch group 23, and ends the call (3298>).

In the above explanation, even in a system in which the control transceiver installed in the radio base station 30-1 is diverted to a communication channel, the method of repeatedly switching the transmission and reception channels in time as explained in the configuration of the mobile radio device is also applicable. Therefore, even if the mobile radio is already communicating with a third mobile radio, it is possible to communicate with a newly incoming mobile radio using the control channel (see FIG. 1D).

In the system exemplified in (2) call operation and (3) call reception operation described above, the wireless channels are clearly separated into a wireless channel dedicated to control and a wireless channel dedicated to calls. Ta. However, in some actual systems, this distinction is not clear. In such a system, it is possible to use a specific communication channel as the control channel described above and perform the same operation.

In the above, the first type exchange 2 receives one call to the mobile radio device 50.
This was a case where the attack was carried out not from the periphery of the service area managed by 0-I, but from a place inside Yaya from the center or periphery. Next, a case will be described in which an incoming call is made to a mobile radio device 50 located around the service area. In this case, control signals related to the incoming call are exchanged with a plurality of wireless base stations 30 managed by the first type exchange 20-I, similar to the above-described call origination. A second type exchange 20-I that also manages a plurality of first type exchanges 20-I also sets call routes.
Or, a plurality of communication path switches will be opened and closed at the same time in the exchange 20 at a higher level. The outline of this operation is exactly the same as the operation of the first type exchange 20-I described above. However, a technical point to keep in mind is the occurrence of delay time differences due to differences in transmission paths, which can be resolved by taking the measures described in the previous section.

(4) Application of diversity during low traffic times Due to the calling/receiving operations as explained in sections (2) and (3), communication between general telephone A in the telephone network 10 and mobile radio R50
Suppose that communication has started between two mobile radios (or between two mobile radios in the system).

In this case, the number of radio base stations 30 with which the mobile radio device 50 communicates is 1.
and the communication traffic state within the system, at least the traffic state in the vicinity of the mobile radio device 50, is as follows:
Assume that it is not the busy hour, that is, the busiest time (this can be similarly implemented even when the number of wireless base stations 30 is two or more).

Then, at 50, the mobile radio starts preparing to perform diversity transmission and reception. Therefore, the control unit 58 in the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. 1B sends an operation start command signal to each of the transmission switching controller 67C and the reception switching controller 65C, and also sends an operation start command signal to the currently operating synthesizer 55-
In addition to 1 and 56-1, a request is made to find a frequency so that control channel CH50 can be transmitted and received from synthesizers 'f55-n and 56-n. At the same time, the control unit 58 starts sending control signals to the wireless transmission circuit 66. This control signal includes the ID of the mobile radio device 50, the type of communication (
type of voice, data, etc.> and the channel number currently in use, and requests surrounding wireless base stations 30 that are not currently communicating to start a diversity transmission/reception operation. However, the conditions for the above wireless base station 30 are as follows:
If the wireless base station 30 is as shown in FIG. 1D or 1E,
If the configuration shown in Fig. 1F is used, it is possible to communicate with a new mobile radio even if the communication is in progress with a third party's mobile radio, so this condition should be relaxed. is possible.

With the above operation, the output of the transmission mixer 61 of the mobile radio device 50 includes transmission by the control channel CH30 in addition to the channel CH1 currently in communication, while the reception mixer 6
3, it becomes possible to receive the control channel in addition to the reception of the communication channel CH1 currently in use. This is explained in detail in the operation of channel switching during a call in section (5).

The control signal transmitted from the mobile radio device 50 is sent to a plurality of nearby radio base stations 30-2, 30-3.・
..., 30-n. Then, the radio base station 30-2, which is one of them, inspects the quality of the received signal and the content of the signal, and finds that the quality of the signal received from the mobile radio device 50 is above a certain value, and immediately starts communication. When it is determined that the quality will not deteriorate and there is no possibility of interference, the ID of the radio base station 30-2 and the usable radio channel number (for example, CH2 > etc. is transmitted to the mobile radio 1150 to report that diversity transmission/reception is possible.

This signal is received by the radio receiving circuit 68 of the mobile radio device 50 and transmitted to the control section 58. The control unit 5 that received this
8, as a result of examining the signals sent from the wireless bases 830 to 830-2, it is determined that it is appropriate to perform diversity transmission and reception, and the synthesizers 55-2 and 56-2 are instructed to wirelessly communicate on channel CH2. In order to initiate communication with base station 30-2, generation of a local excavation frequency is requested.

In addition, to the wireless base station 30-2, the communication control unit 21 in the first type exchange R20=■ operates the switch group 23 to send the call signal currently being communicated in parallel to the wireless base station 30-2. Request to send.

Upon receiving this request, the first type exchange 20-I sends voice signals, that is, voice signals from general telephones, to the wireless base station 30-2 as well as to the wireless base station 30-1, in accordance with the request from the wireless base station 30-2. It also starts transmitting with the same signal.

The radio base station 30-2 that has received this audio signal adds the ID of the radio base station 30-2, etc. to the mobile radio device 50, and sends it out on the radio channel CH2. On the other hand, since the mobile radio R50 is in a state where it is possible to receive the radio channel CH2, the output of the radio receiving circuit 68 that received this signal is inspected, and if the quality is good, the audio signal is sent to the telephone section 59. , the control signal is transmitted to the control section 58.

By performing the above operations, mobile radio device 50 enters a diversity transmission/reception state with radio base stations 30-1 and 30-2.

The diversity transmission/reception execution request signal transmitted from the mobile radio device 50 described above to the radio base station 30 in the vicinity thereof is transmitted to the radio station 30-3 other than the radio base r430-2.
．． 30-4. −． 30-n also receives the same response signal, and among these radio base stations that meet the conditions, the same response signal as 30-1 should be transmitted to the mobile radio device 50.

Therefore, in the control unit 58 of the mobile radio device 50 or the first type exchange 20-I, when it is desired to perform diversity transmission/reception with an even larger number of radio base stations, the above-mentioned radio base station 30-2 When all the operations are performed normally and the same operations are performed as in the case of diversity transmission/reception between the wireless base station 30-3 and the radio base station 30-3, for example, the diversity transmission/reception is started between the radio base station 30-3 and the wireless base station 30-3.

Thereafter, by the same operation as above, the radio base station 30- which is located near the R side of the mobile radio device 50, is not currently communicating, and whose communication quality satisfies a certain standard required for the system or higher.
3.30-4. . . , 30n, diversity transmission and reception is similarly started. The multiplicity of diversity is the number of radio base stations 30 that can communicate or the number of multiplicities that can be simultaneously transmitted and received in the mobile radio 50, that is, in the case of FIG. 1B, the synthesizer 55-
It depends on the number of n from 1 to 55-n or 56-1 to 56-n.

Note that although it has been assumed in the above description that the radio channels used as diversity are all different, this is not necessarily necessary. That is, even if there are two or more identical channels among n channels, the above operation is performed in exactly the same way.

Furthermore, although the above explanation assumes that the call traffic in the system is not busy, the traffic condition is measured at each wireless base station 30, and if the traffic gradually increases, the multiplicity of diversity will change. Restrictions will be sequentially added to this, and at the busiest time, the state will shift to a multiplicity of 1, ie, no diversity. However, by differentiating the reduction of multiplicity depending on the type of communication being carried out (voice, data, facsimile, etc.), it becomes possible to perform systematic processing such as making broadband communication less susceptible to multiplicity restrictions. The present invention has features such as being able to ensure good communication regardless of the type of communication.

Note that the application of diversity around the service area of one type 1 exchange 20-I also applies to the above-mentioned service area.
It can be executed in the same way as calling/receiving operations around the area.

(5) Explanation and theoretical basis for channel switching during a call and the diversity effect n-1 radio base stations 30 and one mobile radio device 50 are communicating using n-1 channels. During the process, if the quality of communication in one of the channels falls below a certain value, the communication between another wireless base station 30 that satisfies the certain communication quality and is not currently communicating. Prior to switching to one channel (new channel) and communicating, the switching receiving means and the switching transmitting means are switched at a speed that does not affect the communication signal, and n-2 is continuously transmitting and receiving.
If you temporarily transmit and receive the old channel and the new channel in parallel, and check the quality of the new channel during that time to confirm that it is above a certain level,
The channel switching operation was completed, and communication was started using n-1 wireless channels including the new channel. Therefore, instantaneous communication interruptions due to channel switching are no longer caused. In addition, it is now possible to obtain transmitting and receiving diversity effects even when channel switching is not performed.

FIGS. 18 to 11 show system configurations for explaining an example of this operation. This will be explained below with reference to these figures.

The mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) (hereinafter simply abbreviated as 50) has a synthesizer 55-1.55-2°..., 5
5- (n-1), wireless receiving circuit 68, and wireless transmitting circuit 6
6 using the wireless base station 30-1.30-2. −． 30-
(n-1> and communication channels CH1, CH2, . . . CH
(Suppose that communication is in progress using n-1>. Mobile radio device 5
0 moves away from the wireless base station 30-1 and moves away from the wireless base station 30-1.
Suppose that it approaches 0-n. Then, as the relative distance between the mobile radio device 50 and the radio base station 30-1 increases, the call quality begins to deteriorate.
The S/N monitoring unit 56 of I detects (detects that the level has decreased to 1 or less). Note that even at level 1, the line is set to exceed the required value.

The first type exchange 20-2 requests all wireless base stations 30 in the vicinity to measure the quality of the transmitted signal of the mobile wireless device 50. In response to this request, currently mobile radio equipment 5
Each wireless base J430 that is not communicating with 0 reports the measured value to the first type exchange 20-I.

The S/N monitoring unit 22 of the first type exchange 20-■, which has obtained information such as the C/N value sent from each radio base station 30-n, etc., compares these multiple pieces of information and finds out that the radio base station 30
If it is confirmed that the measurement result of -n has the best value and satisfies the quality standard level 2 or higher, provided that L2>L, then the mobile radio device 50 transmits the radio base station 30-n.
It is determined that the mobile phone is approaching the communication zone (zone n) of , and decides to switch channels.

Then, as a result of investigating available communication channels in zone n, it is learned that Charu CHn can be used as communicated from wireless base U30-n. Therefore, the call channel CH1 (or CH2,...,C
Hn-1 or a control channel may be used, but in the following description, it will be referred to as CHl. The control signal is used to instruct the mobile radio device 50 to prepare for transmission and reception on the communication channel CHn.

At the same time, it also instructs the radio base station 30-n to perform transmission and reception on channel CHn.

In the first type exchange 1120-I, after issuing these instructions, 5W1-n of the switch group 23 is also turned on, and the radio base station 30-n starts transmitting a voice signal using communication channel n. In this case, it goes without saying that the modulation depth of the modulator of the radio base station and the signal phase are also substantially the same as those of the other radio base stations 30-2, 30-3, ..., 30-n. .

In order to realize the transmission of this control signal, specifically, when the control signal is an analog signal, as shown in Fig. 2 (
As shown in a), the communication channel 11 has a band of 0.3 to 3.
Low frequency fD outside 0KH2.

(e.g. about 100Hz) or high frequency fD1゜f
D2. fD3””D8 (e.g. 8 waves from 3.8KHz to 4.5KH2 at 0°1KH2 intervals, however,
When n=8) is used.

When there are many items to be controlled, that is, control data, the wave number of the control frequency fDO" f08 may be further increased, or a subcarrier format may be adopted. In this case, for example, the frequency f.0" fD8 may be increased. By applying frequency modulation or field width modulation to one or more of the waves, more control data can be transmitted.

Furthermore, when a digital data signal is used as the control signal, it is also possible to digitally encode the audio signal and time-division multiplex the two to be transmitted. Do as shown below.

Figure 3 shows the timing before and after channel switching of this system shown in Figures 1A, 1B, and 1C.
Show chart.

In FIG. 3 illustrating channel switching operation, type 1 exchange 20- The S/N monitoring unit 22 of I detects this and starts preparations to enable parallel reception of transmitted radio waves from the wireless base station 30-n on channel Cl-In.
An instruction is given to the mobile radio device 50 using channel C11.

Therefore, the control unit 58 of the mobile radio 50 controls the synthesizers 55-1, 55-2. ..., 55-(n-1>
radio base station 30-1 using channel CH1.
transmission wave of radio base station 30-2 on channel CH2, . The synthesizer 55-n is also operated to select a frequency that can also receive the transmission wave of the channel CHn transmitted from the radio base station 30-n.
cause it to occur.

Thus, when communication with the radio base station 30-1 is about to be stopped due to the quality deterioration of the channel CH1 being transmitted from the radio base station 30-1, the radio base station 30-1
Communication with channel CHn is started. That is, in the mobile radio device 50, the repetitive switching of the selector switch 64-1 receiving the switching drive input signal from the reception switching controller 65C is continued. At the same time, the synthesizer 56-1.56-2.・-, 56-(n-1> is activated, and the synthesizer 55-n is changed from the state in which it was transmitting to the radio base stations 30-1 to 30-(n-1> is also operated to shift the wireless base station 30-n to a state where it can transmit on channel CHn.The output of the synthesizers 56-1, 56-2, . . . The switching is repeatedly performed by the changeover switch 64-2 using the changeover drive input signal from the transmission changeover controller 67C.

During this switching transmission/reception period in which channel C)]1 and CH2, . This continues until the first type exchange 20-I confirms that this is the case, after which it releases channel Cl-11,
Wireless base station 30-2.30-3. . . 30-n and the mobile radio 50 are communicated on channel C)-12, CH
3,-, continued without momentary interruption using only Ct-In.

Changeover switch 64-1.6 during this switching transmission/reception period
The switching frequency f1 of 4-2 is determined to be, for example, 2n times or more the highest frequency included in the signal. This will be explained in detail below.

The optimum value of the switching frequency is determined by considering the following conditions.

1) Modulation format of the signal to be transmitted 2) Signal frequency band to be transmitted 3) Control frequency band to be transmitted 4) Band characteristics of the transmitter/receiver section, especially the band characteristics of the high frequency filter installed at the antenna input end 5) Waveform characteristics of the switching controller 6) Response characteristics of the frequency synthesizer 7) Carrier frequency and number of channels used in the system 8) Radio wave propagation characteristics of the transmission path 9) From the first type exchange 20-I to the wireless base station 30-1 A signal transmission path from the first type exchange 20-■ to the mobile radio device 50 via the radio base station 30-2 to the mobile radio device 5
For example, if 1) is frequency modulation and 2) is an audio signal, the transmission delay time difference due to the difference in the signal transmission path is 0.
．． 3 to 3.0KHz, 0.3KH2 when using the out-of-band control signal shown in Fig. 2(a) as 3).
Below (foo) or 3.8~4°5KH2 (f[)1. f
02-fOB). The characteristics of 4) are that the passband width is 16KHz (or 8K) (Z), and the characteristics of 5) are that the response characteristics of the synthesizer in 6) are good and the output waveform is good. Therefore, the synthesizer used is desired to have an urgently rapid response characteristic according to the input of the switching controller in 5).

Items 7) to 9) are items to be considered from the system design perspective, but in the car phone system described as an embodiment of the present invention, item 7) is 900M1-12, 600 channels, so the frequency bandwidth used is 15MHz. (or 1
200 channels at 15 MH2), 8) are known in many documents, and 9) is about 0003 ms.

Taking the above into consideration, for example, in a car telephone system, the switching frequency of the changeover switch 64-2 of the mobile radio 50 is selected to be approximately 20xnMHz.

The case of reception will be explained below. When the audio signal and the control signal are digitized as shown in FIG. 2(b), it is appropriate to use a faster frequency as the switching frequency, and a value of about nX20 KHz to 30 KHz may be used.

Also, the channel Cl- seen from the input section of the reception mixer 63
11, 2, 3, -, n-1, n carrier wave frequency ω1.
ω2. ..., ω. −1, ω. , also synthesizer 55
-1.55-2. ..., 55- (n-1>55-n
Let the output frequencies of ω and 1. ω, 2ω,. -1,
ω,. Then, the wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2,
30-(n-1>, 30-n receive mixer 6
The frequencies of the carrier waves at the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier included in 3 are respectively: Ω1 = "1 - wLl Ω2 = "'2 "12 (1°) Ωn-1""n-1 - Ln-1 Ω0 = ωn - ω[口(1,1>(1,) In other words, by the operation of the changeover switch 64-1, the receiving section 53 receives the intermediate frequency as Ω1='')1 ``Ll Ω2='')2 ``L2 Ωn-1='' Signal waves having carrier frequencies such as n-1-b Ω = ω - ωLn n are sequentially input. And (11) and (12)...Equation (1) is Ω →Ω 枦・・・→Ω. −1=Ω, (2>
There is a relationship between Such a signal is amplified by the receiving section and then demodulated by the demodulation circuit, where n intermediate frequencies ω1-ωL1 ω2-ω[2 ωn-1-Ln-1 ω. If there is a frequency difference between −ω[n, the demodulated output signal will be
There are cases where distortion noise occurs and cases where it does not. In other words, in the case of frequency modulation or phase modulation, distortion noise will not occur if there is no frequency difference at all, but if there is a frequency difference and the frequency difference (beat frequency) contains the same component as the signal frequency, distortion noise will occur. However, if it is not included, it will not occur.

On the other hand, in the case of amplitude modulation, no distortion noise occurs even if there is a frequency difference. However, even in the case of amplitude modulation, if an intermediate frequency amplifier or the like has nonlinear characteristics, nonlinear distortion will occur due to harmonics, so it is necessary to use an amplifier with good linearity.

Reception mixer 6 of mobile radio 1150 as described above
3 inputs CHl, CH2, -CHn-1 and Cl-
Even if the local oscillation frequency for In is added and received cyclically, there is no communication error, and moreover, from channel CH1 to channel CHn
It will be theoretically explained that the transition can be executed without any momentary interruption (noise mixing) and that it takes advantage of the reception diversity effect.

First, a case where an angle modulated wave is used will be explained.

Data or audio signals (for signals in analog or digital format) can be expressed as follows.

In addition, the control signal that exists outside the band is: where a・ is the amplitude, ωi is the angular frequency of the signal,
0. represents the phase when t=Q. m.

n represents a positive integer.

Next, the case of frequency modulation will be explained, but the present invention is similarly applicable to phase modulation. When the carrier wave is frequency modulated using equation (3) or equations (3) and (4), the modulated wave jq is as follows: 1= I□ sin f (ω0μ(t)) dt= I
□ S! n (ωt+5(t)) (5>or, I= I□ sin f (ω1μ(1)μo(t)
)dt=Iosin(ωt+5(t) +5o(t)
)(5') However, 5(t)=,ΣrrJ sin (HtC+=m+1 m・=aH/ωH<r=1.2.3.・−,n) As a result, the sin of the right side of equation (5′) The expression s (t)+5C(
t) represents a transmission signal in the form of a boat.

Now, using equation (5> or (5'), wireless base station 30-1.30-2.-.30- (n-1>, 30
-n is input to the reception mixer 63 via the antenna of the mobile radio 1150, and the local oscillator output (in the case of FIG. 1B, the synthesizer 55-1.55-2.
..., 55-(n-1>55-n>, the input to the receiving section 53 is expressed as the following equation using the same symbols as equations (1) and (2). be able to.(
However, the selector switch 64-1 is in a stopped state).

■・=■oiSin(Ω, t+5(t) +SoH(
t)) = 1.2. ... n) Next, assume that the changeover switch 64-1 starts a changeover operation. Also, wireless base station ao-r (i=1.2...
- Audio signal sB) and control signal s from n). , (1
) are sent from the mobile radio tff1.
As an input to the receiving unit 53 of 50, I=(I01/n> [1+2Σ m=1 (n/mπ)) XSin (mπ/n)CO3mpt]xsin (
Ω1t+5(t) +5o1(t) )+ (I02/
n> [1+2 Σ (n/mπ)) m=1 xsin (mπ/n> xcosmp(t-2π/ (np))] xsin (
Ω2 i + S Cj) + S c2(1)) + (
1o3/n> [1+2Σ (n/mπ)) m=1 xsin (myr/n> xcos mp (t-4π/(no))] xsin
(Ω3t+5(t) +5o3(t) )+・・・・・・
・ + (I□, /n>[1+2Σ (n/ml) m=1 XSin (m7r/n) XCO3ml) (t, -2(n-1> 7r/ (n
l)) ) ]xsin (Ω, 15(t) +
sC, (t) ) However, p is the switching angular frequency, m is a positive odd number, and the switching times for n input waves are set at equal intervals.

When the right side of equation (7) is transformed, it becomes the following equation.

1= (I01/n> [sin (Ω1t +U 1
(t) )+(n/π)Sin(π/n> x[cos((Ω1-p)i+tJ1(1))-cos
((Ω1+p>t+U1(1))]+ (n/3π)s
in (37r/n>x[cos((Ω −3p>
t+LJ1 (t) )-cos((Ω1+3p) t
+L11 (t) ) ]+ (n15yr) sin
(5π/n>x[cos((Ω1 5p)t+U1
(j))-cost(Ω +5p)t+U1 (t))
]] +...Co+No2/n) [sin (Ω2 t + LJ2
(t) )+(n/π)Sin(π/n) x[cos((Ω2 1)) t+LI2 (j))
−cos((Ω2 + p) t + LJ2 (t)
) ] + (n/3yr) sin (37T/rl
) x [cos ((Ω2-3p> ) + LI2 (j)
)-cos((Ω2+3p) t+LJ2 (t) )
] + (n15π) sin (5π/n>x[co
s((Ω2 5p)]+U2 (j))−cos((Ω
2 +5p) ]+LI2 (t) ) ]+・・・
・・ ]+ (10
,/n) [sin (Ωnt + U n (t)
)+(n/π) sin(π/n> x[cos((Ω −p)t+Uo(t))−cos(
(Ω. 10p) t+U. (1))] + (n/3π)si
n (3π/n>x[cos((Ω.-3p>t+
u, (1))−cos[(Ω,+3p)t+U,(t)
)] + (n157r) sin (5yr/n>x[
cos((Ω,-5p)t+Un(t))-cos((
Ω. +5p)t+U. (1))]+ −−−−−−] However, U・(t) =s(t) +s. 1(t)(+
-1, 2,... n) Here, looking at equation (8), it is a combination of many carrier waves, so if you demodulate it after amplifying it with an intermediate frequency amplifier, it will generally result in cross modulation (interference). (interference) may generate distortion noise.

Also, the amplitude I0 of the input wave expressed by equation (8). .

l02=..., Ioo does not necessarily have the same amplitude, but when the time occupancy rate of switching is made equal (duty 1
00/n%), the wireless base station 30-1 is
Since 0-2 is closer, it is usually I. 2. IO
3,..., Ioo is larger. If the magnitude difference of l0l-IO2 etc. is different, cross-modulation may occur. There are two causes: one is due to the combination of many carrier waves shown in equation (8) above, and the other is due to differences in IOl, 102, etc.
There are various causes of cross modulation.

Now, regarding cross-modulation caused by combining many carrier waves as shown in equation (8), distortion noise can be removed by the following method.

That is, there is a method of increasing the switching speed (period) of the changeover switch 64-1 to drive it out of the bandpass characteristic of the intermediate frequency amplifier. However, as already mentioned, in many cases where the switching frequency is set to 2n times or more the highest frequency of the signal, there is no need to make it any faster. By increasing the speed, m = 1 on the right side of equation (7).
As can be seen from equation (8), the term 3゜5... can be ignored in the intermediate frequency amplification stage, and (8)
The formula can be expressed as below.

1= (1/n) [l01sin(Ω1t+5(t)+
5o1(t) ) 10I (>23!n (Ω2 i + S (j) +
S o2(t) ) 10... 10i 5in(Ω., t±5(t) +5oo(t
) ) ] n In equation (9), Ω = Ω =...Ω = Ω = Ω (10
)1 2 Low 10Sc2(℃
) = ... = s cn-1" = s cn (
t) = 0. Actually (10
) is technically possible by the means described below, and (1
Equation 1) holds true if only the control signal transmitted from the radio base station 30-1 (or only from the radio base station 30-n in the latter half of channel switching) is used as described above. Then, equation (9) can be transformed as follows.

I= (1/n>[l01sin(Ωt + s (t
) + 5oi(t) ) + (roz” Io3+-
・−・+Eoo)xsin(Ωt+5(t)> ]
(12) Equation (12) is transformed into the following equation.

xsin(Ωt +s (t)+β(1)>1β(t)
= tan' [5iris (t)×((I0
1/ In ) +CO3Sc (i) ) ] (1
3') I n = 102 + I O3”””” I 0n (13
'M (13), (13') In the formula, Iol<<I. (14) s c
Since (t) << 1 (14'), equation (13) becomes approximately as follows.

1 = (1/n) X I n S in (Ωt
+s (t) ten S. ([)) Looking at Equation (15), this is a switching reception diversity system with n-branch antenna inputs, and as a result of so-called linear synthesis, in which signals are switched and received, they are combined as they are, and the input electric field is Low ■. 1 is ignored and synthesis is performed using an input signal with a high input electric field. Therefore, it has been revealed that the present invention has a receiving diversity effect.

From equation (14), the output of the frequency discrimination circuit (radio receiving circuit 6
8) is expressed by the following equation.

E=d/dt (s(t) +s.(1))=μ(1)
Ten μ. (1) where μ(1) and μ. (1) is (3) respectively
and (4).

Note that equation (14) is always satisfied in normal mobile communication systems and is not a particularly limiting condition.

It applies deep modulation to the main audio signal compared to the control signal, and shallow modulation to the control signal.Moreover, the depth of modulation applied to the audio has recently changed to an equivalent tone (1KHz>
If the signal is 3.5 radians (25KHzllll transmission interval, and the carrier interval is 12°5KHz, the same <
This is because it is shallower (1.75 radians).

From the above, it has been clarified that the no-distortion condition (10) and (14) are sufficient conditions in the case of frequency modulation. The technical conditions for establishing equation (10) will be described below.

Technically, to do this, the radio base station 30-1.30
-2. . , 30-n transmitting units 31-1, 31-2.・
..., 31-n is achieved by increasing the frequency stability of the reference crystal excavator which determines the stability of the carrier frequency. For example, in the example of the car telephone system described later, the stability of the reference crystal R oscillator installed at the base station is currently 0.
Since it is about 5 to 1 ppm (0.5 to lXl0-6), the frequency fluctuation of the carrier wave is lX10'X 900MH2=
It is 900H2.

In this case, noise is just mixed into the audio signal band.

However, if 0.01 ppm is now possible due to technological advances, then 1 x 1O-8x 900M)
Even if 1z = 9Hz and there are harmonics of noise,
There is less possibility that the human energy will be mixed into the signal band. In other words, in a wireless system using a carrier wave frequency of 9 MH2, a carrier wave fluctuation of 1 oom will not introduce noise even with the current technology.

The case where the mobile radio device 50 receives is explained above, but the case where the mobile radio device 50 transmits will be explained below.

In FIG. 1B, the wireless signal switched by the changeover switch 64-2 is, for example, a wireless channel C)-11, Cl
-12, . . . ct-+n are sequentially switched, and the receiving side is the radio base station 30-1 (CHl).

30-2 (CH2>, ..., or wireless base 830
-n (CHn) and mixed as in the case of reception on the mobile radio 50 side, there is no cross-modulation problem at all. However, as is clear from equation 8), there are components of the carrier angular frequency (Ω±np) as sidebands, so these are emitted into space and interfere with the communication of other channels or other systems. It is necessary to provide a band 11m wave filter in the transmission output section to filter the signal so as not to give the signal.

For this purpose, it is necessary to spread the equation (Ω±np) outside the frequencies of all channels transmitted by the mobile radio 50 as a switching frequency, and the car telephone system shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B used in the example Then p/ (2π)>15xnM)−
Is it necessary to change it to 1z?

This will be explained below using formulas. However, the characters used in the formula are the same as above unless otherwise specified. for example,
The transmission signal appearing at the output of the transmitting microphone +j61 in FIG. 1H is expressed by the following equation.

1=I□ [1+2Σ (n/ (myr) ) m=1 xsin (mπ/n) cosmpt] xsin (
Ω1t+5(t)+s,(t))+■o [1+2Σ
(n/(mπ)) m=1 XSin (mπ/n) xcos rr+p (t-2yr/ (np))
]xs+n (Ω2 j + S (j) + S c
(1)) Ten I.

[1+2Σ (n/ (mπ)) m=1 xsin (mπ/n> xcos mp (t-4π/(np))] xsin
(Ω3t+5(t)+5o(t))+■.

[1+2Σ (n/ (mπ)) m=1 xsin (myr/n) xcos rr+p (t-2(n-1) yr,/
(np) )xsin (Ω.t+5irt) +
So(1))m=1.2,5. ...... However, p is the switching angular frequency, m is a positive odd number, and the switching times for n input waves are set at equal intervals.

When equation (17) is transformed, an equation similar to equation (8) is obtained. Then, when the obtained equation is passed through a bandpass filter having the function as described above, the following equation is obtained as an output signal.

)=[5in(Ω1 t+5(t) +s o (
)+1sin(Ω2t+s(t>+5o(t))
＋IoS! n (Ω, t+5(t) +s.(t)
) In the above equation, the first term on the right side is for the wireless base station 30-1,
The second term is for the 30-2, and the first term is for the 30-1, and each signal has the same formula as in normal frequency modulation transmission.

The uplink signal of channel CHI is transmitted from the wireless base station 30-1.
．． The upstream signal of channel CH2 is received by 30-2, and the upstream signal of channel CHn is received by 30-n. These received signals are demodulated and transmitted to necessary devices such as the first type exchange 20-I. Alternatively, the wireless base station 30-
1 has the configurations shown in FIGS. 1E and 1F,
The uplink signal of channel CH1 is transmitted from the transceiver 9C>-1 of the radio base station 30-1, and the upstream signal of channel CH2 is transmitted from the transceiver 9C of the radio base station 30-1.
1 transmission/reception fi90-2. In the following order, uplink signals on channel C+n may be received and demodulated by the transmitter/receiver 9O-rl of channel C 30-1, mixed together, and transmitted to a necessary device such as the first type exchange 20-I.

As is clear from the above description, by using the multiplex transmission method and apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a signal diversity effect in the receiving section.

In the first type exchange 20-I, the wireless base station 30-1.30
-2. −． Among the n signals from radio base stations 30-1, 30-2. ...,
Mix the signals from 30-n.

In addition, when mixing, wireless base stations 30-2, 30-3.
Since the signals from . That is,
This means that a reception diversity effect has been obtained.

The transmitting/receiving diversity effect of the present invention has been described above, and a method for increasing the effect will be described in detail below.

First, regarding reception diversity, in the sequential switching method described above, each synthesizer 55- of the changeover switch 64-1
1.55-2. ..., 55-n have the same connection duration (duty time). However, this is not always necessary, and the diversity effect will increase if the wireless channel is connected for a relatively long time to a radio channel that provides a reception input with a good S/N ratio. For this purpose, a part of the reception section is synchronized with the changeover switch 64-1, detects the signal-to-noise ratio at that time, and transmits this to the control section 58, thereby changing the frequency of the output of the reception switching controller 65C. This makes it possible to achieve the above objectives. This is also possible with the configuration shown in Figure 1B, but
In order to facilitate technical explanation, the following explanation will be made using the configuration shown in FIG. 1G.

The difference in this figure from FIG. 1B is that the radio receiving circuit 68
Apart from this, a C/N measurement receiving section 52, a receiving mixer 73,
and a changeover switch 64-3 are installed, and a changeover switch 64-3 is installed.
The control 4-3 is performed by the control section 58B. The operation shown in FIG. 1G will be explained below.

In the figure, a reception mixer 73 is installed at the front stage to mix the operation of the C/N measuring reception section 52. A part of the reception signal received by mobile radio 50B is added to reception mixer 73. The output from the cut-off switch 64-3 is added as the local oscillation frequency to the reception mixer 73. However, this changeover switch 64-3 does not need to be switched at a high speed like the other changeover switches 64-1 and 64-2, and a low speed of, for example, about 10 Hz is sufficient.

When the selector switch 64-3 is in the position to turn on the output of the synthesizer 55-1, the C/N measurement receiving section 5
The CZN value of channel CH1 measured in step 2 is transmitted to the controller 58B.
to communicate. Next, when the selector switch 64-3 is in a position to turn on the output of the synthesizer 55-2, the C/N of the channel CH2 is measured. Synthesizer 55 in the following categories
- When in position to pull on the output of channel C
The C/N of Hn is measured and transmitted to the control unit 58B. The control unit 58B uses these values to control the switching frequencies of the reception switching controller 65C and the transmission switching controller 67C so that they each operate at a speed inversely proportional to the C/N, for example.

In order to enable the above operation, it is necessary to make some changes to the method of transmitting signals from each of the radio base stations 30, which will be explained below.

Now, if we reproduce the above equation (9), we get I −M I (B Sin (Ωit+5(t)+S
・(t)＞(9)(i=1.2....
, n) In equation (9), the control signal transmitted from each radio base station 30 includes the ID of the radio base station 30, and this ID is required to change the duty of the above-mentioned changeover switch. Therefore, we cannot set So・=0 (i=1.2...,n) as in equation (11) mentioned above. Therefore, in this case (10
) holds true, but the equation corresponding to equation (12) is as follows.

I = M I □1Sin (Ω = 15(t) + S
-(t)>(19>Each S in formula (19).

Since 1(t) is sufficiently smaller than 1 (however, the constant ring is omitted), the following equation is approximately obtained as an equation corresponding to equation (12).

I=In 5in(Ωt 1S (t)+, Σ 1; 1 Soi(t) ) (20> The signal expressed by equation (20) is demodulated, and each wireless base station 3
In order to extract the control signal transmitted from 0, 5oi
By making the frequency components of the signals included in (t) different, it is possible to filter them using a filter.

Therefore, by measuring the C/N of each radio channel, adding the ID of the radio base station 30 that sent the signal, and sending it to the control unit 58B, the control unit 58B measures the C/N for each radio channel, that is, for each radio base station. The duty time for receiving (or transmitting) every 30 seconds can be determined in relation to the C/N value.

In order to achieve the above effects with the configuration shown in FIG. 1B, each radio base station 30-1, 30-2. ...
, 30-n, the control signal s (t)
, 5o2(t)..., 5oo(t), each of which is equipped with means for monitoring communication quality such as measuring the signal-to-noise ratio Bye. Then, this measured value is reported to the control unit 58, and the changeover switch 64-1 is operated with a switching duty according to the signal-to-noise ratio.

By operating the receiving section 53 of the mobile radio device 50 as detailed above, it is possible to increase the transmitting and receiving diversity effect.

Next, a method for further increasing the reception diversity effect will be explained. Figure 1H shows the mobile radio device 5 in this case.
An example of the configuration of 0G is shown.

In Fig. 1H, the input radio wave (input signal) to the mobile radio device 50C is divided into n+1 equal parts at the antenna input section, and each is divided into radio reception circuits 68-1.68-2°..., 68-n and interference detection. arrives at the receiver 62. Each radio receiving circuit 6
8-1 to 68-n, each receiving microphone υ63-1.
63-2. ..., 63-n, receiving section 53-1.53-
2. ..., 53-rl, and each of the reception mixers 53-1 to 53-n is equipped with a synthesizer 5.
The local oscillation frequencies from 5-1, 552, . . . 55-n are input. Therefore, in the configuration shown in FIG.
, Cl-12, . . . , C)-1n and can be demodulated.

Moreover, the output signals of these receiving sections 53-1 to 53-n are as follows.
A part is sent to the control unit 58C, and a part is sent to the communication quality monitoring unit 58C.
7-1.57-2. . . , 57-n, the communication quality of each wireless channel is monitored, and the results are sent to the control unit 5.
8C, and the outputs of the receiving sections 53-1 to 53-n are added to a signal mixing circuit 62 and subjected to processing similar to that of a normal diversity receiver (in this case, synthesis after detection). It is sent to the telephone section 59.

By adopting a circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 1H, it is possible to reduce the large diversity effect by 1q.

As is clear from the above description, the operation of the present invention is to predict the frequency shift after switching to a new communication channel by measuring the transmission frequency of the mobile radio device 50 at the radio base station 30, and to predict the frequency shift after switching to a new communication channel. The feature is that by setting and using the transmission channel of the wireless base station that communicates after channel switching at an appropriate frequency, noise due to call interruptions or cross-modulation that occurs due to channel switching is eliminated.

Next, the method of using the control signal, which plays an important role in channel switching during a call according to the present invention, will be explained.

In the following description, it is assumed that the configuration shown in FIG. 1B is used.

Wireless base station 30-1.30-2. −． 30-n to the mobile radio device 50 using channels CH1, CH2, . . . , CHn will be described.

When the aforementioned channel switching preparation operation is completed, the radio receiving circuit 68 of the mobile radio device 50 receives the radio base station 30-1.3.
0-2.・, 30-n to no channel Ct-11, C
The communication signals H2, .

Furthermore, since the changeover switch 64-2 also starts operating, the transmission wave from the mobile radio device 50 also starts to be switched and transmitted.

Here, from the first type exchange 20-I to each wireless base station 30-
The delay time difference due to the difference between each route (within 10 km) leading to the mobile radio device 50 via 1 to 30-n is at most 0.
Since the time is 0.3 msec or less, there is no problem with the operation and it can be ignored. In addition, wireless base station 30-2.30-
3. ..., 30-(n-1>), the downlink signal is only an audio signal, but the wireless base stations 30-18 and 30-
In addition to voice signals, the downlink signal from n includes control signals (identification signals for identifying wireless bases 830-1 and 3Q-n, and switching command signals) outside the band as shown in Figure 2 (a). Since it is inserted in the form of a signal, the radio reception circuit 68 of the mobile radio device 50 receives it and transfers it to the control unit 58.

The control unit 58 identifies this signal and sends it to the first type exchange 20.
-I initially sent a channel switching command from radio base station 30-1 and then a call signal and ID signal using channel CHn from radio base station 30n, and it was confirmed that this signal quality was also good. Therefore, the wireless transmission circuit 6
8 outside the band of the uplink communication signal, and report this confirmation item to the first type exchange 20-■ via the radio base station 30-n via the radio base station 30-n via the communication channel CH ")". .

Since the first type exchange 20-I received notification that the downlink communication between the wireless base station 30-n and the mobile wireless device 50 is working well, the communication control unit 21 controls the switch group 23. Among the switches 5W1-1.1-2゜..., 1-n, 5
Only W1-1 is turned off.

On the other hand, the mobile radio device 50 instructs the radio base station 30-1 to stop transmitting to the synthesizer 5 of the mobile radio device 50.
5-1 is stopped, and the selector switch 64-1 (FIG. 1B) is switched to the synthesizer 55-2, 55-3. ...,
55-n to perform a circular switching operation.

These conditions are illustrated in FIG.

Next, channels CH1, C and 12 are transmitted from the mobile radio 50.
... Wireless base station 30-1゜30-2 using CHn
．． . . , 30-n will be explained.

In the mobile radio@50, the reception switching controller 65C and the transmission switching controller 6
7C are respectively activated, and the changeover switches 64-1 and 64-2 are respectively activated.
55-2. ... Output of 55-n and 56-1.5
6-2. . . , 56-n, and the channels CH1, CH2°, . Signals sent to this active communication channel include, in addition to the communication signal, an out-of-band control signal (see FIG. channel CH2, CH3,..., CHn), the identification ID of the mobile radio 50, etc. (for example, the
fDI (fol, ID3, etc.) may be combined with a tone signal such as fDI of a>.

The uplink signal of channel CHi received at radio base station 30-i (i=1.2.・n> is transmitted to radio base station 30-i
1, and after it is confirmed that there is no abnormality in the demodulated audio signal or out-of-band signal, the first type exchange I
Transferred to N20-I.

In the first type exchange 20-I, the wireless base station 30-1゜30
-2. . . , among the n signals from the radio base stations 30-1, 30-2, .
, 30-n. First class exchange 20-
I, the radio base stations 30-1, 30-2. ..., 30
- out of n signals from radio base 830-1.3
0-2. −． 30-n, each wireless base station 3
0-1.30-2. −． Channel CH1 from 30-n
, CH2,... Confirm that the signal is from CHn.

The first type exchange 120-I confirms that the channel switching operation during the call is progressing smoothly, and sends a message to the control unit 38 of the mobile radio device 50 via the radio base station 30-n using the channel CHn. Channel CHI with wireless base station 30-1
The wireless base stations 30-2, 30-3.
−． A command signal to concentrate on communication with 30-n is sent.

In the mobile radio device 50 that has received this control signal, the control unit 5
8, synthesizers 55-1 and 56-1
and change the position of the receive channel 1/channel selection selector switch 64-1 to the position of the synthesizer 55-2, 55-3.
．． . . 1J5n are operated in a circular manner, and the transmission channel selection switch 64-2 includes synthesizers 56-2, 56-3, . ..., 56 n to continue the cyclic switching operation.

As a result, the mobile radio R50 changes to the previous channel CH.
1, and communication with radio base station 30-1 using radio base station 830-2, 30-3. . . 30-n using channels Cl-12, cH3°, . . . , CHn, respectively. With this, channel switching is completed, and a state in which communication is being performed using the new wireless channel group is realized. The uplink channel and downlink channel switching operations described above are performed in parallel and end at approximately the same time.

As is clear from the above description, there is no momentary interruption during channel switching, and noise can be kept to a low level that poses no problem in practical use.

If a malfunction or non-operation occurs during any of the above operations, the operation must be restarted from the previous operation. In addition, when the operational failure is large, the control unit 58
There is also an operation for returning to the communication channel before the switching operation, which is stored in the memory section built into the device.

78 through 7D are flow charts showing the flow of operations of the system shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C.

First-class exchange 20-I, wireless base station 30-1゜30-2
．． , 30-n and mobile radio@50 start operating, and switches 5W1-1.1-2° of the switch group 23 included in the first type exchange R20-■... 1-(n-1> is on, and the wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2., 3
0-(n-1>) and the mobile radio 150 are communicating.This communication includes channels CH1 and CH instructed by the communication control unit 21 included in the first type exchange 120-I.
2,...Cl-1-(n-1) downlink frequency F1. F
2.・.

Fn-1 and upstream frequencies f1, f2'"" fn-
1 is used (S101, Figure 7A).

Wireless base station 30-1, 30-2. ....

30-(n-1) constantly outputs a reception status report from the mobile radio 50 (S102>, and the S/N monitoring unit 22 of the first type exchange 20-I receives this report and checks the call quality. It monitors whether the call quality has deteriorated below the level L1 (8103).If the call quality has deteriorated below the level L1 (S103YES), the communication control unit 21 sends the radio base station 30-1. 30-2. ・, 30- (
For wireless base stations 30 in the vicinity of wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2, etc.・, 30- (n-1
> used for communication between the mobile radio device 50 and the uplink frequency f1. f2. ... Instructs to monitor and receive the fn-1 signal (3104).

Each of the surrounding wireless base stations 30 (for example, 3O-n) that received the monitor reception instruction monitors reception of the signal of frequency f1 (5105), and sends the result to the S of the first type exchange 20-King.
/N report to the monitoring unit 22 5106), each wireless base station 3
The monitor reception quality from 0 is measured and compared, and it is detected that, for example, the communication quality of the wireless base station 30-n is better than a certain standard level L2 and is the best (S107YES
). Therefore, the communication control unit 21 allows the mobile radio 150 to move from the zone covered by the radio base station 30-1 to the radio base station 30-1.
51 It seems that it has moved to the zone covered by -n.
08, FIG. 7B), to search for an empty channel that can be used by the radio base station 30-n in order to switch to communication with the radio base station 30-n (5109), and as a result, determine the channel CHn (5109). SIIO). The communication control unit 21 includes a transmitting unit 51-2 and a receiving unit 532 of the mobile line device 50.
, to prepare for communication on channel C1-In (S111).

A communication preparation command for using this channel CI-1n is sent to the radio base station 30-n, and prepares for communication using channel i/channel CHn (3112>. This command is sent to the radio base station 30-1 at the same time. (S113).The mobile radio device 50 receives the communication preparation command using the channel CHn (5114), and prepares to enable communication using the channel CHn. Synthesizers 55-n and 56
-n, the frequency F. and receive the frequency f. The switching oscillator 65 then enters a switching operation (S115, FIG. 7C).

When ready to communicate using channel Ct1n,
The mobile radio device 50 reports completion of preparation to the radio base station 30-n using channel CHn (S116).
). The radio base station 30-n that received this report transmits the radio base station 3 using the channel CHn prepared in step 5112.
Confirm preparation completion and submit report within 0-n (3117)
.

When the first type exchange 20-I confirms the completion of preparation for communication between the radio base station 3Q-n and the mobile radio 50 using the channel Cl-In (3118), the switch 5W1- of the switch group 23 1.1-2゜..., 1-(n-1
> remains on and switches 5W1-n are also turned on (3119).

Therefore, the communication control unit 21 included in the first type exchange 120-I
commands the radio base station 30-n to start communication with the mobile radio device 50 using channel CHn (S120).

Upon receiving this communication start command (3121>, the radio base station 30-n sends out a communication start command using channel CHn (3122).
3123 to confirm the start of communication by channel CI-I n using an ID signal which is an identification signal for identifying
>, transmits a communication signal including an ID signal using channel CHn 5124>, and upon receiving this communication signal, radio base station 30n reports that communication has started on channel CI-1n (S125>).

In response to this report, the start of communication on channel c+-+n was confirmed (3126> The S/N monitoring unit 22 of the first type exchange 20-I Measure the quality level of communication and set it to a certain quality level 2
If the above is detected (S127YES, 7th D
Figure) Channel (p) between radio base station 301 and mobile radio device 50
Instructs wireless base stations 30-1 J5 and 3O-rl to stop communication using channel CI-11 (312
8>.

As a result, the radio base station 30-1
Turn off communication by channel C (S129>.
Radio base station 30-n that received the command to stop communication by H1
transfers the command (3130) to this channel CH
When the mobile radio device 50 receives a communication stop command from I (
3131), the operation of synthesizers 55-1 and 56-1 is stopped, and the changeover switch 64-1 is set to
-1 output terminal is stopped, and the changeover switch 64- is stopped.
2 stops switching to the output terminal of the synthesizer 56-1 (
(Although this operation is not necessarily required), channels CH2, 3, ..., n are operated, and a channel Cl-11 communication stop report is sent using channel CHn (3132 ). The wireless base station 30 that received this
-n forwards this channel CH1 communication stop report (
3133).

Upon receiving the communication stop report for channel Ct-11, the communication control unit 21 of the first type exchange 20-I leaves the switches 5W1-2.1-3.-.1-n of the switch group 23 on, and Switch 5W1-1 is turned off (S134).

This ends the period of channel switching operation and switches 5W1-2.1-3. - When channels CH2, CH3, . . . , CHn are in the on state, CHn downlink frequency F2. F3. ..., Fo up frequency f2, f3=.
..., fo, the mobile radio device 50 connects to the radio base station 30.
-2.30-3. −． 30-n, it is possible to continue high-quality communication without instantaneous disconnections or noise contamination, and with the transmission/reception diversity effect (3135-n).
).

Next, channel switching during a call between the radio base station 30 and the mobile radio 50 belonging to different subsystems will be explained. Normally, channel switching during a call is performed using the same subsystem (Type 1 exchange in Figure 13A [2O-I-a and the radio base stations 3O-a-1, 3O-a-2, 3O-
a-3 constitutes one subsystem. ), but due to the following reasons, the wireless base station 30 belonging to a different t-Nub system
It is also done between.

) When one particular wireless base station 30 or a plurality of wireless base stations 30 in its vicinity is unable to perform normal communication by its subsystem alone due to a failure.

ii) When the type 1 exchange [20-I that manages the subsystem is unable to perform the exchange function due to a failure.

iii) When communication traffic in a specific subsystem increases rapidly and channel switching during a call cannot be performed without accessing another subsystem.

88 to 8E show and explain the flow of operation in such a case. Here, the first type exchange 620-I-a, 2O-1-b, . . . of the system in FIG. 13A is
2O-I-e switch groups 23a, 23b, -, 23e
and wireless base station 30-a.

30-b, ..., 30-t' and upper type 2 exchange 4120-II-a, 2O-4-b, first type exchange 62o
This will be explained with reference to FIG. 14A showing the connection relationship with -m-a.

Type 1 exchange 2O-I-a, wireless base station 3O-a-1,
3O-a-2,..., 3O-a-n (the above is referred to as the first transfer system), first type exchange 2O-I-b, wireless base stations 3O-b-1, 3O-b-2,・,3O-b-
n (the above is referred to as the second one-knob system) and the mobile radio 50 start operating, and the first type exchange 2O-I-a
The switch 5Wal-1 of the switch group 23a included in
1-2,...1-(n-1> is on (14th A)
(see figure), wireless base stations 3O-a-1, 3O-a-2, -
, 3O-a-(n-1>) and the mobile radio 50 are communicating.This communication includes a channel instructed by the communication control unit 21 included in the first type exchange 20-■-a C
H1, CH2, -, CH- (nl) downlink frequency F1.
F2. ..., Fo-1 and upstream frequency f1. f...
, fo-1 are used (S401, FIG. 8A).

Radio base stations 3O-a-1, 3O-a-2, . . . in communication
3O-a-(n-1> to G, t, Tae f A reception status report from the mobile radio device 50 is issued (S402>,
Upon receiving this, the S/N monitoring unit 22 of the first type exchange 2O-I-a monitors whether the call quality has deteriorated below level L1 (S403). If the call quality has deteriorated below level L1 (S403YES),
From the communication control unit 21 to the wireless base stations 3O-a-1, 3O-a
-2°..., 3O-a-(n-1), etc., to the wireless base station 3Q-a-n, etc., the wireless base station 3O-
Upstream frequency f used for communication between a-1, 3O-a-2, ., 3O-a-(n-1) and the mobile radio device 50
1. f2. ...” Instructs to monitor and receive the signal of n-1 (3404).

For example, a nearby wireless base station 3O-a-n belonging to the first subsystem that received the monitor reception instruction receives the frequency vlf.
1 at 34℃5) and report the results (84℃).
06) Wait for it to come. If you receive a response that the quality is good (S407YES), the 7th B
Proceed to step 1 of steps 5108 to 3135 described in FIGS. 7D to 7D (3408).
.

However, when the first type exchange 2O-I-a confirms that there is no response indicating that the reception was received in good quality even after a certain period of time has passed (3407 NO), the wireless base station 3
0 failure or traffic congestion, and the above request for monitor reception is sent to the surrounding wireless base stations 3O-b-1, 3O-b-2, . . . belonging to the second subsystem.
, 30b-n (3409, Fig. 8). However, in this case, the ID of the mobile radio device 50 is searched and it is confirmed that both the first and second subsystems can be accessed from the service classification.

Each of the surrounding wireless base stations 30 that has received an instruction to monitor reception (for example, 3O-bn> which is yielding to the second subsystem that has already started operation) receives an instruction to monitor and receive the signal of frequency @f1 5410 ), the result is first type exchange 1M20
- Please report to the S/N monitoring unit 22 of I-a 5412>
, the monitor reception quality from each radio base station 30 is measured and compared, and it is detected that, for example, the communication quality of the radio base station 3O-bn is better than a certain standard level L2 and is the best (3412YES).

Therefore, the communication control unit 21 allows the mobile radio device 50 to move from the zone covered by the radio base station 3O-a-1 to the radio base station 3O-a-1.
5 It seems that it has moved to the zone covered by b-n.
413), to search for an empty channel that can be used by the radio base station 3O-bn in order to switch to communication with the radio base station 3O-bn 8414), and as a result, determine Chirenel CHn. (S415, Figure 8C). The communication control unit 21 connects the mobile radio device 50 to the radio base station 3O-a-1.
At the same time, a communication preparation command for using channel CHn is also sent to radio base station 3O-b-n, and the communication preparation command for using channel CHn is sent to radio base station 3O-b-n. Make preparations (S416, 3
417, 3418° 5419).

At the same time, the first type exchange 2O-I-a communicates with the wireless base station to the first type exchange 2O-I-b, which has already started operation, via the 11th exchange e120-n, which has already started operation. Mobile radio 50 via station 3 Q-b-n
(5420).

Type 2 exchange 20-n that received this request and searched the contents
forwards this request to the first type exchange 2O-I-b (
S421). The 11th intersection e120-I- which received this signal
b starts preparations to be able to communicate with the mobile radio 50 via the m1ll base [30-b-n 3422) and the first type exchange R2O-1-a via the second type exchange 20-■.
The mobile radio device 50 reports that preparations for communication with the mobile radio device 50 have been completed (S423, FIG. 8D). The second one that received this signal
The type exchanger 20-n sends this preparation completion report to the first type exchanger 2.
Transfer to O-I-a 3424), first class exchange 20-
Work-a receives this (3425).

On the other hand, the mobile radio tX150 has received the command to prepare for communication using channel CHn, and is preparing to enable communication using channel C]-1n, that is, the control unit 5
8 to synthesizers 55-n and 56-n,
Frequency F. The controller 65G and 67G for transmitting/receiving switching are in switching operation (S426, FIG. 8D).

When the mobile radio device 50 is ready to communicate using the channel CHn, the mobile radio device 50 reports the completion of preparation to the radio base station 30-n using the channel Cl-1n (S42).
7).

Upon receiving this report, the radio base station 30-b-n confirms that the channel CI-1n prepared in step 5419 has completed preparation within the radio base station 30-n, and issues a report (8
428).

Radio base station 3O-b-n using channel C)-1n
When the first type exchange fi20-■-a confirms the completion of communication preparation between the mobile radio device 50 and the mobile radio device 50 (S429), the first type exchange fi20-I-a switches switch 5 of the switch group 23a.
Wal-1, 1-2, . . . 1- (n-1) are left on (3430).

In the first type exchange 120-Ib, the switch 5Wb-1-n of the switch group 23b is turned on (S431).

Therefore, the communication control unit 21 included in the first type exchange 1!2O-I-b starts communication with the mobile radio 1150 using the channel CHn with respect to the radio base E330-b-n. (S432).

Upon receiving this communication start command (S433), the radio base station 30-b-n transmits the communication start command using channel CHn (3434).

The mobile radio device 50 uses the ID signal, which is an identification signal for identifying the radio base station 3Q-bn, to identify the channel CHn.
3435), channel CH
Send a communication signal including an ID signal using n 543
6), radio base station 3Q-b-n that received this communication signal reports that it has started communication on channel CHn (3
437) In response to this report, the start of communication on channel CHn was confirmed (8438) Type 1 exchange 1120-I-b
The S/N monitoring unit 22 of the mobile radio device 50 and the radio base station 3
measuring the quality level of communication between Q-b-n;
When a certain quality level of 12 or higher is detected (3
439YES (FIG. 8E), the second type exchange 2O-II and the first type exchange 20-Ne a to the wireless base station 3O-a-1 (S440, 3441.3442>).

With this, the wireless base station 3O-a-1
Turn off communication via H1 (S443) Channel CH
In the second type exchange 2O-II, which transferred the stop command of No. 1,
Communication between the mobile radio 50 and the telephone network 10 is continued by mixing the speech signals of the two first type exchanges 2O-I-a and 2O-I-b (3444). Also channel C
In the first type exchange [2O-I-a, which transferred the stop command of H1, when the stop of communication by channel CHI is confirmed, the switch 5Wa-1-1 of the switch group 23a is turned off (S445).

In addition, the command to stop communication via channel C)-11 is also sent to radio base station 3Q-b-n (3446
), the radio base station 3Q-b-n that received this transfers the command 3447), and when the mobile radio m50 receives this communication stop command for channel CH1 (3448), synthesizers 55-16 and 56-1 , the selector switch 64-1 stops switching to the output terminal of the synthesizer 55-1, and the selector switch 64-2 stops switching to the output terminal of the synthesizer 56-1 (this operation is not always necessary). (Although it is not necessary at all) and channels CH2, 3°...
, n, and sends a communication stop report for channel CH1 using channel CHn (3449).
. The radio base station 3O-bn that received this transfers this channel CH1 communication stop report (S450).

Type 1 exchange 2 that received the communication stop report on channel C111
The communication control unit 21 of 0I-b controls the switches 5Wa1-2.1-3. of the switch group 23b. −． 1-(n-1> is left on, and the switch 5Wa1-1 is turned off. This ends the channel switching operation period, and the switch 5Wa1-2゜1-3.・1-(n-1 ), 5Wb
1-n in the on state, channels CH2, CH3, ·, C
Hn downstream frequency F2, F3,..., Fo upstream frequency f2°f3. ..., mobile radio 115 using fo.
0 is the wireless base station 3O-a-2, 3O-a-3, -, 30
-a-(n-1), 3O-bn, -
There is no instantaneous disconnection, no noise is mixed in, and high-quality communication can be continued with a transmitting/receiving diversity effect (3452).

In the above explanation, the mobile radio device 50 is the first type exchange 20-■
-a and 2O-I-b were to perform channel switching during a call via the first type exchange 110-II. However, mid-call channel switching may be performed between two second type exchanges 20-n or between higher level exchanges. It is clear that the outline of the operation in that case will be a combination of the flow of operation shown in Figures 12A to 12E already explained and the flow of operation explained in Figures 88 to 8E. .

(6) Communication channel allocation method for estimating moving direction and speed of mobile radio equipment and traffic width comparison Mobile radio equipment 5
It is possible to detect the traveling direction and speed of the mobile radio device 50 by measuring and comparing changes in received electric fields or communication quality received by a plurality of radio base stations 30 communicating with the mobile radio device 50.

These will be explained below using FIG. 9.

In FIG. 9, 16 circles each indicate small zones 71 to 216 within the service area, and radio base stations 30-1, 30-2, . ..., 30
-16 etc. indicate the areas where communication is possible. The mobile radio device 50 currently communicating is in zone Z6 and is connected to radio base stations 30-2, 30-3.・30-5.
Assume that communication is being performed with seven stations 30-6, 30-7, 30-10, 30-11 using diversity. Assuming that the mobile radio device 50 is moving in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 9, the seven radio base stations that are receiving the transmission signal from the mobile radio device 50 are each measuring the received electric field or reception quality. Yes, these values apply to the first type exchange 20-I.
be gathered to. In the first type exchange 120-I, by comparing these measurement results, the moving direction and speed of the mobile radio device 50 are estimated by the following method.

First, it can be estimated that the direction of movement is toward the wireless base station (30-7> in Figure 9) where the observed input received electric field level changes most rapidly.This is a highly reliable result. In order to obtain In case 3
By dividing the measurement time into intervals of 10 seconds) and measuring between them, it is possible to eliminate variations in the measured values. In FIG. 9, when the measurement results obtained in this way are expressed in order from radio base 830 with the largest increase in the input electric field, for example, 30-7>30-11>30-3, and the decrease in the input electric field is as follows. If expressed in order from the largest radio base station 30, it would be as follows: 30-6>30-10>30-2>36-5.

Furthermore, the moving speed can be estimated by comparing it with the radio wave propagation curve, which is calculated based on the radio wave propagation characteristics.

By using the above measurement results, the destination of the mobile radio device 50 is estimated, and the communication traffic situation of the wireless base station 30 at the destination is investigated. It becomes possible to reduce the number of radio base stations 30 with which to communicate depending on the type of communication of the mobile radio device 50. Next, if traffic congestion does not extend to one zone but to multiple zones, it is necessary to take measures against congestion over a wide area. This is a phenomenon that occurs in car phone systems, etc. in the city center of Obekai, and is shown at 30-30 in Figure 9.
6.30-7. and 30-11 are in a traffic circle. Application of the present invention in this regard will be explained in detail.

Assume that a mobile radio 150a is present in the zone 211, moving in the direction of the arrow, and transmitting a calling signal. These calling signals are collected in the first type exchange 20-I, and the communication channel to be allocated is determined.
-10.30-11.30-12.30-14.30-
15 etc. is allocated (diaperity transmission and reception is performed). However, if traffic is congested in the above three zones (Z6, 7.11>), channels 30-6, 30-7 and 30-11 will not be allocated. The radio base station 30 with the best quality is naturally 30-11, but it is not assigned for the above reason.If the multiplicity of diversity is the above 4-fold (30-10, 30-12, 3
0-14, 3O-15) is insufficient, since the first type exchange 20-I can estimate the moving direction and moving speed of the mobile radio 50a, the radio base station 30- in the moving direction Assign channels to be used in 8 and 30-16. Therefore, although the mobile radio device 50a is located in zone Z11, it is located at slightly distant radio base stations 30-8 and 30.
-16 will begin communication.

By applying the channel allocation described above, it becomes possible to take measures against congestion in high-traffic areas, which have not been solved using conventional system technology.

Note that in order to estimate the moving speed of mobile radio devices 50 existing around the service area of the first type exchange 20-I, it is necessary to collect information from a plurality of wireless base stations 30 in the higher-level exchange 20 and make a judgment. be. However, in this case, first class exchange 1
Similar to 20-I, the high-level exchange 1120 needs to store the geographical conditions of the wireless base stations 30 that exist around the service area. Alternatively, if the mobile radio equipment 50 is equipped with the same functions as those present in the higher-level exchange 20, it is possible to By collecting this information, the mobile radio device 50 can estimate its own speed (direction and speed).

(7) Lowering the switching frequency for repeated switching used when switching channels during a call, etc. As explained above, (1) location registration, (2) calling operation, and (5) channel switching during a call and the diversity effect. The explanation and theoretical basis of the wireless base station 30B in each section up to
or 30G (Fig. 1D).

1F) or mobile radio 50 or 50B.

Regarding the switching frequencies output from the transmission or reception switching controllers 67C and 65G included in 50C (FIGS. 1B and 1H), the operation and effect thereof have been explained in the direction of increasing the speed. In the water ring, the operation and effect when the switching frequency is lowered will be explained. The term "low frequency" as used herein means a low frequency even when compared to an audible frequency, and specifically, 10112 or less.

First, a case where the switching frequency of the transmission switching controller 67C is lowered will be described. In this case as well, equation (17) holds true, but the number of carrier waves to be transmitted is not just one as described above. That is, if we focus on the carrier angular frequency 01 and the carrier waves existing in the vicinity among the terms on the right side of equation (17), it can be expressed as in the following equation.

x sin (mπ/n) cos not)
xs+n(Ω1t+5(t) +5C1(t) ) ]
Equation (21) is transformed as shown below.

I-I□ 5in (Ω1t+U1 (t)) ten (n/
π) sin(π/n) x[cos((Ω1 p) t+U1(o)−co
s((Ω1+p)t+IJ1 (t)) ]+ (n/
3π) 5in(3π/n) x [cos((Ω1 3
D) j+U1 (j) )-cos ((Ω1+3p
)t+U1(t))J+(n15π) 5in(5
π/n) x [cos ((Ω1-5p)t+U1 (t)
)-cos((Ω1+5p)t+U1(t))]+...
... U 1(j) ” S (t) + S , 1(D(2
Looking at equation 2), there are many carrier waves having angular frequencies represented by Ω±np above and below a carrier wave having a central angular frequency Ω1. Moreover, even if a 14-band filter is provided at the output section of the transmission mixer 61, the angular frequency difference between the carrier waves is p, and p is 2πX (101-fz) or less, so filtering is impossible. be.

To express this in more detail, these many carrier wave groups are all centered around a carrier wave having an angular frequency Ω ±p.

±2p, ±3p, ...2. ±np, . . . exist within the same channel having carrier waves, and these are sent out from the antenna as transmission output.

By the way, if many carrier waves are output from the antenna in a very dense manner above and below the central carrier wave, that is, with only a difference in low frequency, the effect on other systems or other channels of the own system will be Explain what it is.

In conclusion, it can be asserted that in the above case, there are no adverse effects that pose a practical problem. This is because in the above case, when viewed from other channels or other systems, they can be regarded as the same carrier wave.

In other words, signal component versus noise expressed as interference to other systems (in this case, interference noise > D/U, D means the useful signal component of the system, and U
represents the interference 9ft sound component, but both are the same chi! It means the power that falls on the I channel, and if it is found that it falls on the same channel, the noise power will be the same whether the noise component is a single frequency or has many different frequency components. It is.

Furthermore, when considering the frequency distribution of interference exerted on a signal having a frequency bandwidth, it is expected that interference power having a plurality of frequency components will be reduced more than a single frequency. That is, in the latter case, noise that falls on a specific frequency among the required signal frequencies is reduced.

Next, a case will be described in which a signal transmitted in the above state is demodulated by a receiver. In this case, in the filter (not shown) provided at the output of the reception mixer 63, the filtering function does not work as in the transmitter, so that the received signal (consisting of a large number of carrier waves) has an intermediate frequency. The signal is amplified by the amplifier and input to the demodulator. The signal is then demodulated by a frequency discriminator, but only at this point does a noise component having the following angular frequency be generated.

±mp m=1.2.3. . . . Since p is a low frequency, it can be seen that many harmonics are generated in the low frequency region. Therefore, in this case, it is not a good idea to use the lower frequency band of the voice band as shown in Figure 2(a) as a control signal in terms of interference, but rather the upper frequency band should be used. became clear. Further, in order to avoid an adverse effect on the audio signal, the value of p needs to be kept low (10t-1z or less).

Next, a case will be described in which the switching frequency of the reception switching controller 65C is lowered. In this case as well, the equation (7) already explained holds true, but the signal received and appearing at the output of the bandpass filter provided in the mixer output stage does not become one wave, as described above, and (7) It must be assumed that all equations (8), which are transformed equations, are output. Therefore, the output of the frequency discriminator generates noise components having the following angular frequencies.

10mp m=1.2,3. . . . However, for simplicity, it is assumed that equation (10) holds true.

Therefore, it was found that this prefectural meeting also generated a large number of harmonics in the low frequency range, resulting in unwanted noise in the signal. Therefore, in this case as well, as shown in Figure 2(a),
It is not advisable to use control signals in the lower sideband of the voice band.

As is clear from the above explanation, it is easier to use a high-speed switching frequency for repeated switching used when switching channels during communication because it does not have any negative effect on the control signal that uses the lower frequency band of the audio signal. , the low frequency switching operation also has advantages in the following respects, accepting that it has some influence on the signals used as control signals. That is, (i) all of the signal components (modulated waves) can be sent to the antenna as effective components without being even partially filtered;

(Portrait) For co-channel or adjacent channel interference, low frequency switching works towards reducing the interference.

(iii > Reception or transmission switching controller 65C26
7C or the changeover switch 64-1, 64-2 can be made inexpensive.

(8) Countermeasures against system failures It will be explained that the mobile communication system according to the present invention has high durability against system failures.

First, fixed networks will be explained.

FIG. 13B shows another embodiment of the present system shown in FIG. 13A, and the difference from FIG. 13A is that the first type exchange 20-I is a wireless base station in the area of another subsystem. A state in which the station 30 is managed is shown. Even if this is done, since the service area of the wireless base station 30 is overlapped many times, there is a possibility that a dead zone will occur in the service area even if each subsystem is taken into consideration. can be ignored in practice.

Type 1 exchange 4120-I-a in FIG. 13A.

2O-I-b, ..., 2O-I-e switch group 23
A, 23b, 23e are clearly shown in FIG. 14A, and similarly, FIG. 148 shows the connection relationship of the switch groups 23a, 23b, . . . , 23r corresponding to FIG. 13B. It will be understood from FIG. 14B that it is possible to perform channel switching during a call between radio base stations 30 of different subsystems to which they belong.

Finally, since FIG. 13C further develops the idea of FIG. 13B and has a completely redundant configuration, it is even more resistant to failures in the wireless base station 30 or the first type exchange 20-I. It has been strengthened.

Figure 14C shows the first type exchange 1 corresponding to this Figure 13C.
The connection relationships of the switch groups 23a, 23b, -, and 23r of a20-I-a, 2O-I-b, and 20-■-2 are shown.

Next, FIG. 15 shows a case where the service area is completely duplicated by two subsystems.

The white circles A1 to An are located at the center of the solid hexagon, and the first
indicates the position of the wireless base station 30 in the subsystem of
The service area is represented by a minimum unit regular hexagon indicated by a solid line. The second subsystem is indicated by black circles 81 to 3n, and is located at the center of the regular hexagon indicated by the dashed line.The wireless base station 30 is also located there, and its service area is the minimum area indicated by the dotted line. It is represented by a regular hexagon of units. A case where there are three or more subsystems (zero overlap) is also possible. FIG. 15 shows an ideal case; in reality, such an orderly configuration is not possible, and the wireless base stations 30 are installed at a higher density.
The overlap will be two or more times. In other words, the transmission power of each radio base station 30 and mobile radio @ 50 may be set so that it can provide service in a wider area than the designated service area.

Next, countermeasures against a system failure of the mobile radio device 50 will be explained. In this case, key subscribers (VIPs) or high rate payers are allowed to access two or more subsystems simultaneously. In addition, we prepared a large number of subsystems, and set grades based on the ease of use of each subsystem. Depending on the level of service, VIPs were given access to subsystems that were not busy with call traffic at the same time. There is also a method of assigning the ID of the machine 50.

By taking the above measures, it is possible to strengthen the durability of the system as a whole in the event of a failure, and also to implement failure relief by dividing subscribers into service classes.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above explanation, by applying the present invention to a mobile communication system using a small zone configuration, temporary interruption occurs when a zone is changed during a call, as in conventional systems. However, this problem has been completely eliminated even if the frequency of channel switching during communication increases. This will improve communication quality by adopting economical transmission/reception diversity, improve frequency efficiency by reducing interference, and make new services using broadband signals technically possible. Became.

In addition, it is possible to improve communication quality by effectively using wireless equipment during times of low traffic, to substantially increase the number of usable channels when traffic suddenly increases in a small zone, and to improve communication quality during times of peak traffic. In addition to being able to process location registration signals from mobile radios, the system also has increased resistance to system failures, and enables effective designation of communication channels by detecting the moving direction and speed of moving objects.・It is economical and can be handled even if the area is expanded nationwide, for example.
In addition, it has become possible to construct a mobile communication system with high frequency utilization efficiency, so the effects of the present invention are extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1A, 1B and 1C are system configuration diagrams showing one embodiment of the present invention; FIGS. 1D and 1E are circuit configuration diagrams showing other embodiments of the wireless base station of the present invention; Figure 1F is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the transmitter/receiver; Figures 1G, 1H, and 1■ are circuit diagrams showing other embodiments of the mobile radio; Figures 2(a) and ( b) is a spectrum diagram and a circuit configuration diagram for explaining an example of the configuration of a control signal used in the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the system shown in FIGS. 18 to 1C. , FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are flowcharts showing the flow of the location registration operation of the present invention, and FIG. 5A and FIG.
6A, 6B and 6C are flowcharts showing the flow of call receiving operations from a mobile radio, and FIGS. 7A and 7B.
Figures 7C and 7D are figures 18 to 1C.
Flowcharts showing the flow of channel switching operations of the system shown in FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, and 8E.
The figure is a flowchart showing the flow of operation when channel switching is performed across two subsystems, Figure 9 is a conceptual diagram of operation to explain the direction and speed detection of the mobile radio, and Figure 10 is A layout diagram of the wireless base station 30, the first type exchange 20-I, and the gateway exchange 19, FIG. 11 is a bit allocation diagram for various IDs in this system, FIG. 12A, FIG. 12B, FIG. 12C, FIG. 12D and FIG. 12E show the mobile radio device 50 in this system.
FIG. 13A, FIG. 138, and FIG. 13C are hierarchical configuration diagrams of one embodiment showing the overall configuration of this system, and hierarchical diagrams of other embodiments, respectively. 14A, 148 and 14C correspond to FIGS. 13A, 138 and 130, respectively.
Figure 15 is a layout diagram showing an example of the arrangement of wireless base stations in this system; Figure 16 is a system diagram for explaining an example of a conventional system. It is a structural conceptual diagram. 10...Telephone network 11...Switchboard 12...
・Radio line control station 13A-D...Radio base station 14A
-D...Zone 15...Mobile radio 16A-D
...Transmission line 19...Gateway switch 20-I...
First type exchange 20-n...Second type exchange 21...Communication control section 22...S/N monitoring section 2
3... Switch group 24... ID identification storage section 3
0.308,300°30-1. ~30-n...Radio base station 31.31-1
~31-n...Transmission unit 32...Radio base station control device 33.33-1~33-n...Reception unit 34.340,
34-1 to 34-n...ID identification storage unit 35-1 to 35-n, 36-1 to 36-0...Synthesizer 37...Communication quality monitoring unit 3B, 38B, 38G...Control Section 39...Interface 40.400...Reference crystal oscillator 41...Transmission mixer 42...Interference and disturbance detector 43...Reception mixer 45...Reception switching controller 46...Wireless transmission Circuit 47...Transmission switching controller 48...Radio receiving circuit 50,508,500,50D-...Mobile radio device 51...
...Transmission section 53.53-1 to 53-n...Reception section 55-1 to 55
-n, 56-1 to 56-n...Synthesizer 5B, 58B, 58C, 58D...%Q Ogoribe 59.
・Telephone unit 61.61-1 to 61-n...Transmission mixer 62...
Interference detectors 63.63-1 to 63-n...reception mixer 64-1.
64-2.64-3...Selector switch 65C...Reception switching controller 66.66-1 to 66-n...Radio transmitter circuit 67C.
...Transmission switching controller 6B, 68-1 to 68-n...Radio receiving circuit 69...
-Mixing circuit 71...Reference crystal excavator 91...Digital encoding circuit 92...Multiple conversion circuits 93-1 to 93-m...Communication quality monitoring receiver 94.
...Control transceiver 96...Antenna sharing device Z1-216...Zone.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Each radio base means (3
0, 30B, 30C) and each of the radio base means included in the one subsystem connected by a transmission path, and further included in another subsystem. a type 1 exchange means (20) that may also supervise and manage each of the wireless base means, and upper exchange means (20-II, 20-III, 20-III, 20-II, 20-III, 20-IV, 20-V) and mobile radio means (50-V) present within said service area.
, 50B, 50C, 50D), and at least one of the first type exchange means and the upper exchange means controls so that the mobile radio means can communicate across a plurality of the subsystems. Communication method for mobile communications. 2. Each radio base means (3
0, 30B, 30C) and each of the radio base means included in the one subsystem connected by a transmission path, and further included in another subsystem. A type 1 exchange means (20-I) which may also supervise and manage each radio base means located within the service area and capable of communicating across a plurality of said subsystems. a mobile radio means (50, 50B, 50C, 50D) capable of transmitting and receiving using at least two radio channels; Upper exchange means for governing and managing means (20-II, 20-III, 20-IV
, 20-V).