JPH0249946B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a retarder for an automobile, and more particularly, the present invention relates to an automobile retarder. This invention relates to a retarder that can also function as a power generator that can supply .

<Prior art> Retarders conventionally used to provide braking force to automobiles utilize, for example, eddy currents.By rotating a disk in a magnetic field generated by a stator coil, eddy currents are generated in the disk. A current is generated, and this eddy current converts kinetic energy into thermal energy to obtain braking torque (braking force).

Such eddy current type retarders are large in size and weight, and because they require cooling fins to be installed on the disk, windage damage occurs even when the retarder is not in operation, worsening fuel efficiency. There was a problem.

In order to solve this problem, the flywheel (rotor) is made to double as the rotor of the generator, and the armature coil generates electricity by exciting the field coil. A generator-type retarder has been proposed that uses the work applied to the motor as a braking force.

However, even in such a generator-type retarder, the generated output was only consumed by resistance, so there was a limit to the effective use of energy.

Furthermore, as seen in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-116253, for example, there is a vehicle in which a retarder and a generator are provided outside the drive system of an automobile, so that the output of the generator is used as an excitation current for the retarder.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, in this case, it is necessary to provide a drive path for the generator separately from the drive system of the vehicle, which complicates the configuration and requires the provision of a retarder, generator, etc. as independent components. Because of this necessity, the overall size of the device has increased, making it difficult to mount it on a car.

As seen in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 56-4625, the flywheel constitutes the rotor, while the stator is attached to the flywheel housing to constitute the starter generator machine. The output (capacity) is sufficient to increase or decrease the speed of the engine, and is extremely small compared to the output of the engine. For this reason, even if such a starter generator is used as a retarder, it is not possible to obtain the desired braking force, and furthermore, it is not possible to generate electricity with high efficiency using such a starter generator. be.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to perform the desired braking action without deteriorating the ease of mounting on a vehicle or complicating the structure, and also enables the braking action to be performed as necessary. The object is to provide a motor vehicle retarder that also functions as a highly efficient motor generator capable of supplying power to any external device.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rotor by providing inductor magnetic poles at a predetermined pitch on the outer periphery of a flywheel of an engine that functions as a drive source of an automobile. Cases are provided on the upper and lower outer sides of a flywheel housing that surrounds the flywheel, and a stator facing the rotor is housed and fixed in the case to constitute a generator.
Further, by providing a connector constituting means for controlling excitation current supplied to the field coil of the stator and an output terminal of the armature coil of the stator, power is supplied to an external device via the connector. It is characterized by being configured as a power generator.

<Function> As described above, in the present invention, by using the flywheel of the engine that functions as the driving source of the automobile and the flywheel housing that surrounds this flywheel, a retarder that also functions as a motor generator is configured. ing. Therefore, the retarder can be installed without changing the basic layout of the vehicle. In addition, because the stator is provided on the top and bottom outside of the flywheel housing, the vertical dimensions of the flywheel housing only increase, but the horizontal width does not increase that much, and the engine can be placed inside the frame, which is restricted by the vehicle body structure. It can be easily installed.

Furthermore, if an excitation current is supplied to the field coil of the stator while the flywheel is rotating, an electromotive force is induced in the armature coil. Therefore, for example, if an exciting current is supplied to the field coil while the car is running,
Since the driving energy of the automobile is consumed as the driving energy of the generator, it functions as a retarder in the same way as in the conventional case.

On the other hand, if the clutch is disengaged or the transmission is placed in a neutral state to cut off the transmission of power to the drive wheels and the engine is rotated while an excitation current is supplied to the field coil, it functions as a so-called power generator. At this time, since the braking capacity of the retarder (power generating capacity of the generator) is approximately commensurate with the output of the engine, it is possible to obtain a generated output close to the energy required for operating the engine.
Therefore, it is possible to generate electricity with higher efficiency than, for example, when using a generator installed as an auxiliary device.Moreover, since the power generation output can be supplied to external devices via the connector, the degree of freedom for external devices is increased. It gets expensive.

Furthermore, the generator is directly driven by the engine that functions as the vehicle's drive source, and the generator is constructed using the flywheel and flywheel housing, which are components of the vehicle's drive path, so it is independent. The overall configuration of the device can be simplified and the weight can be reduced compared to when a generator is installed.

<Example> An example of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an automobile equipped with a retarder according to this embodiment, and an engine 2 is disposed below a cab 1 at the front end of the automobile. On the back side of this engine 2 is a flywheel housing 3 that houses the flywheel.
A transmission 4 is disposed at the rear of the housing 3. The transmission 4 changes the rotation speed of the engine 2 to an appropriate rotation speed, and the main shaft 5
The power is transmitted to the drive wheels via the propeller shaft 6.

Next, talking about the retarder of this automobile, the retarder is provided in a flywheel housing 3 arranged on the back side of the engine. As shown in FIG. 2, a flywheel 7 is housed within the housing 3, and this flywheel 7 constitutes a rotor of the retarder. Inductor magnetic poles 8 are provided at a predetermined pitch on the outer periphery. On the other hand, cases 9 are provided on the upper and lower outer sides of the housing 3, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and a stator is disposed within these cases 9.

As shown in FIG. 3, the stator inside the case 9 is equipped with a pole core 10 provided at a pitch of 1/2 of the inductor magnetic poles 8, and an armature coil 11 and a field coil 12 are attached to this pole core 10. Each is wrapped. Note that the field coil 12 is wound around each pole core 10 one by one, whereas the armature coil 11 is wound around two pole cores 10. The pole core 10 is fixed to the case 9 via the stator yoke 13. Since the stators are provided on the upper and lower outer sides of the flywheel housing 3 in this manner, the vertical width of the flywheel housing 3 only increases, but the lateral width does not substantially change. Therefore, there is no need to change the assembly width (left and right width) of the frame 14, and the ease of mounting the engine will not be deteriorated.

Furthermore, this automobile is provided with a motor 15 and a water pump 16 on its frame 14, as shown in FIG. These motors 15
The shafts of the water pump 16 and the water pump 16 are connected to each other via a coupling ring 20.

Next, the operation of this retarder having the above configuration will be explained. First, when obtaining braking force using this retarder, turn on the retarder switch provided in the driver's seat. Then, current flows through the field coil 12 shown in FIG. 3, and the pole core 1
0 is magnetized. Since the flywheel 7 provided with the inductor magnetic pole 8 is driven by the crankshaft 19, this retarder generates electricity. In other words, at a certain moment, magnetic flux passes through the magnetic circuit 17 as shown by the dotted line in FIG. The magnetic flux will pass through the magnetic circuit 18 shown. The magnetic flux passing through the magnetic circuits 17 and 18 interlinks with the armature coil 11, and the directions thereof are opposite, so that the armature coil 11 induces an electromotive force. The work applied from the outside to the retarder made of this generator is used as a braking force, and the engine 2 or the vehicle receives the braking force.

Next, a description will be given of an operation in which the retarder and the engine 2 constitute a motor generator, and the water pump 16 is driven via the motor 15. In this case, when the vehicle is stopped, the clutch is switched to the disengaged state, and the engine 2 is driven, the flywheel 7 shown in FIG. 2 is driven by the engine 2. Therefore, if the field coil 12 is excited by the battery at this time, the retarder will generate electricity in the same way as in the above case. Therefore, if the output of this retarder is supplied to the motor 15 shown in FIG. 1 through the connector 21, the motor 15 will be driven.
This motor 15 further drives a water pump 16.

As described above, the automobile retarder according to the present embodiment, like the conventional retarder, applies braking force to the engine 2 or the vehicle when going down a long slope, and is used as a kind of braking device. be able to. Furthermore, when the vehicle is stopped, the clutch is switched to the disconnected state, and the retarder is driven by the engine 2, the engine and the retarder constitute a motor generator, and other devices, such as the water pump 16, are driven via the motor 15. It becomes possible to drive the

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to an illustrated embodiment,
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made based on the technical idea of the present invention. For example, instead of the water pump 16 in the above embodiment, an oil pump, vacuum pump, rotary press, illumination light, etc. may be driven by the power generation output of the retarder. Alternatively, a generator configured by an engine and a retarder may be used to supply electricity to devices provided outside the vehicle while the vehicle is stopped, thereby driving the external devices.

<Effects of the Invention> As explained above, according to the present invention, the rotor is composed of the flywheel of the engine that functions as the drive source of the automobile, and the stator is housed in the case attached to the upper and lower outer sides of the flywheel housing. Because the generator is constructed by housing and fixing it, there is no need to change the basic layout of the vehicle's drive system, and the number of parts and weight of the entire device is reduced compared to when installing an independent generator. At the same time, the configuration can be simplified. In addition, because the stator is housed in the case provided on the top and bottom outside of the flywheel housing, the left and right width of the flywheel does not increase, and the engine can be placed inside the frame, where assembly width is restricted due to the vehicle body structure. There is no particular difficulty in installing it.
Furthermore, since the output terminal of the armature coil provided on the stator is configured with a connector, the power generation output can be supplied to various external devices using this connector. Since there is no need to connect the two by mechanical means, the degree of freedom of external devices driven by the engine is increased.

Also, since the retarder is used as a generator, the generated output can be roughly matched to the engine output. For this reason, when the retarder functions as a power generator, it is possible to obtain a power generation output with a capacity commensurate with the operating energy of the engine, and there is no reduction in energy usage efficiency when supplying power to external equipment. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view of the main parts of a car equipped with a retarder according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the main parts of the retarder installed in this car, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged development of the main parts. FIG. In addition, in the symbols used in the drawings, 2...engine, 7...flywheel, 8...inductor magnetic pole,
10... Pole core, 11... Armature coil, 1
2...field coil, 15...motor, 16...water pump.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rotor configured by providing inductor magnetic poles at a predetermined pitch around the outer periphery of a flywheel of an engine that functions as a drive source of an automobile; a case provided on the upper and lower outer sides of a flywheel housing surrounding the flywheel; A stator housed and fixed in the case in opposition to the rotor, means for controlling excitation current supplied to the field coil of the stator, and an output terminal of the armature coil of the stator are configured. 1. A retarder for an automobile, comprising a connector, and constitutes a motor generator that supplies power to an external device via the connector.