JPH0257228B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control pressure air delivery and distribution device for delivering control pressure air to starting air valves of an internal combustion engine to open said valves in a predetermined sequence.

PRIOR ART AND PROBLEMS A control air distribution device of this type is disclosed, for example, in Swiss Patent No. 348,575. The number of holes in the end face of the chamber is equal to the number of engine cylinders, and these holes are angularly spaced according to the firing order of the cylinders. When the engine is started, control air is supplied through the inlet hole of the chamber and from there to the supply groove of the distribution disk and the one of the chamber end walls aligned with this groove.
through one or more holes to the starting air valves connected to said holes, whereby these valves open and supply starting air to the cylinder during the time the remaining starting air valves remain closed. Let it flow. The engine is now started, thereby rotating the distribution disc synchronously with the engine, so that each complete working cycle, for example in a four-stroke engine, corresponds to two revolutions of the crankshaft, one in
Rotate. In a timed relationship therewith, each starter air valve opens and closes when each of the supply and relief grooves in the distribution disk assumes a position in alignment with the associated holes in the chamber end wall.

The disadvantage of this known distribution device is that when the control air supply of the distribution device is momentarily cut off, the control pressure in these starting air valves is reduced due to the fact that these valves are connected to the supply grooves of the distribution disk. Since it is open at this moment, it immediately drops, and as a result, the valve closes.
Therefore, the torque exerted on the crankshaft by the starting air is reduced and the engine speed is reduced. The disadvantage of this is that the engine does not start receiving fuel until the air supply to the distribution device is cut off, especially in engines where the water thrust acts on the propeller, which tends to maintain its initial direction of rotation, thereby reducing the direction of rotation. This is particularly noticeable in reversible rotary engines such as marine engines, which resist desired changes in speed.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention includes a casing, a shaft rotatably supported in the casing, and a chamber fixed to the shaft and formed in the casing. the chamber has an end face in which a plurality of openings are arranged along a concentric circle of the axis of rotation, each opening connected to a starting air valve, The distribution disk has a contact surface on a side opposite to the end surface of the chamber, and has an arcuate supply groove and an arcuate relief groove on the surface,
The grooves are radially aligned with openings on the end faces of said chambers, and the feed grooves communicate with openings on the opposite outer surface via communication passages in the distribution disk. , and the relief groove communicates with an opening on the contact surface via a communication passage in the distribution disk, which opening is open to the outside air and further directs the control pressure air to the distribution circle of the chamber. control pressure for delivering control pressure air to the starting air valves of the reciprocating internal combustion engine, which are configured to have inlet holes introduced into cavities on the outer surface side of the plate to open said valves in a predetermined sequence; In the air delivery distribution device, a closing disc is mounted on the distal end portion of the shaft projecting into the chamber for axial movement between an activated position and an inactive position, position, the closing disc is in sealing contact with the outer surface of the distribution disc, at least around the opening thereof, for closing the opening, and in the inoperative position, the closing disc and the distribution disc are in sealing contact, at least around the opening thereof. an air inlet hole is provided for the introduction of pressurized air to push and maintain the closing disc in its operating position; The control pressurized air delivery and distribution device is characterized in that an inlet hole is provided in the chamber side wall at a position opposite to the space between the distribution disk and the closing disk.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an axial sectional view of an embodiment of the invention.

The control air distribution device shown in the figures comprises a casing 1 into which a bearing sleeve 2 supporting a shaft 3 is press-fitted. The shaft carries at its end projecting from the casing a gear 4 driven from the crankshaft or camshaft of an internal combustion engine (not shown), so that the shaft 3
One revolution is completed during each complete working cycle within an engine cylinder.

The opposite end of the casing 1 is closed with a cover 5 and forms a chamber, generally designated 6, in which a distribution disk 7 is attached to the shaft 3 and is axially connected by means of a spacing sleeve 8 and a nut 9. is positioned. The distribution disk 7 is connected to the flat end face 1 of the casing 1
1 and has a flat contact surface 10 which is maintained in sealed contact with surface 11 during the starting operation.

On the end surface 11, two holes are arranged at equal angular intervals.
The rows of openings 12 and 13 are each arranged along two pitch circles concentric with the axis of the shaft 3, respectively. As shown in Figure 2, each row is provided with six openings, indicating that the engine (not shown) is a reversible six-cylinder marine engine with a starting air valve in each cylinder. Assume. Each opening 12 forms an opening of a communication passage 14 of the casing on the end face 11, and from the bottom of each communication passage, the switching valve 45
A radial communication path 15 extends connecting a pipe 44 (see FIG. 6) leading to one port of the radial communication path 15 . A similar communication passage 16 connects each opening 13 with a pipe 46 leading to another port of the switching valve 45.
Connect with 7.

As shown in FIG. 6, the switching valve 45 is a three-way, two-position valve, through which either the pipe 44 or the pipe 46 connects to the pipe 4 connected to the third valve port.
7 to a chamber 48 in the starting air valve 49 of one engine cylinder. As already mentioned, each cylinder is provided with a respective starting air valve, and therefore the associated pipes 44, 4 for each cylinder.
One switching valve 45 with 6,47 is provided.
Since the switching valves are built as one unit, all valves can be used to determine whether the engine is in ``forward'' or ``reverse'' mode.
Depending on which direction it is activated, it is switched integrally between these extreme positions by one common command signal, for example pneumatic.

As shown schematically in FIG. 6, the valve housing 51 of each starting air valve 49 is maintained in a normally closed position by a spring 50 acting between a valve member 53 and an integrally formed piston 52. In order to overcome the spring force, a chamber 48 is formed between the housing 51 and the piston 52 and when control pressure air is supplied to the chamber 48 from the control air distribution device via the associated switching valve 45. , valve member 53 opens to allow pressure starting air to flow from a suitable source 54 into the engine cylinder (not shown).

In the contact surface 10 of the distribution disk 7 two feed grooves 18 are provided.
and relief grooves 19 are provided, all of which are formed as circular arcs with an intermediate radius equal to the radius of the pitch circle of the openings 12, so that during rotation of the distribution disk these successively face each opening 12 or takes a consistent position. Further feed grooves 20 and relief grooves 21, which are likewise formed as circular arcs, cooperate in a corresponding manner with the openings 13.

Each feed groove 18 and 20 communicates with an opening 23 in the opposite outer surface 24 of the distribution disk by a communication passage 22 passing through the distribution disk 7 parallel to the axis of the disk. By means of a communication passage 25 extending parallel to the axis, each relief groove 19 and 21 communicates with a common radial communication passage 26 of the distribution disk. The communication channel 26 is closed at its outer end and opens inwardly into a communication channel 27 which extends parallel to the axis and terminates in an opening 28 in the contact surface 10 . As seen in FIG.
The small chamber is always in communication with the outside air through the ventilation path 29.

The spacing sleeve 8 is attached to the outer surface 24 of the distribution disk 7.
It carries an axially movable closing disc 30 with a flat continuous end face 31 facing . A cavity 32 is provided in the chamber 6 between the closing disc and the cover 5,
Control pressure air is supplied to this cavity through the inlet hole 33 of the cover.
Supplied from. A further inlet hole 34 for control pressure air is provided in the side wall of the chamber 6 opposite a gap 35, said gap being closed with the distribution disk 7 when the closing disk assumes its inoperative position shown in FIG. It exists between the disc 30 and the disc 30.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the outer edges of surfaces 24 and 31 are sloped, so that relatively wide conical chamfers 36 and 37 are formed, respectively. The chamfers cooperate to form a wedge-shaped or tapered air flow path from the inlet hole 34 to the gap 35. The outer diameter of the closing disk 30 is selected such that a relatively narrow throttle gap 38 is formed between this disk and the periphery of the chamber 6. A narrow air passage 39 communicates the cavity 32 with the atmosphere.

Inlet holes 33 and 34 are connected to two ports of a two-position, four-way valve 58 via pipes 56 and 57, respectively (see FIG. 6). 3rd of valve 58
The port is connected to a source of pressurized air via pipe 59 with a stop valve 60, and a fourth port of stop valve 58 is vented to atmosphere.

This distribution device functions as described below, in which case the internal combustion engine is connected to the combined switching valve 4
5 in the "forward" direction as shown in FIG.
4, 15 to the opening 12 on the end face 11, and the connection to the conical opening 13 is closed.

When the valve 58 is in the position shown in FIG.
0 is open, so the control pressure air is inlet hole 3.
4, in which case the inlet hole 33 is closed.
The pressurized air entering the distribution device through the inlet hole 34 is
If this disk is not already in that position, it is pushed into the inoperative position shown in FIG. A certain amount of the incoming air flows into the cavity 32 through the gap 38 and is throttled within the gap and the cavity 32 is vented to the atmosphere via the narrow air passage 39 so that the cavity 32
An intermediate pressure of a certain magnitude is generated within the disk, which exerts an axial force on the disk via the disk 30 and the spacing sleeve 8, which is caused by the surface 10 of the disk and the end surface 11 of the casing 1. ensuring a hermetic contact between the

The control air flows to the two supply grooves 18 through the gap 35 and the combined communication passage 22;
From the supply groove, air flows through these two openings 12, each aligned with a groove 18, and to the starter air valve connected thereto. If the main stop valve 61 in the piping connecting the starting air source 54 to the total number of starting air valves 49 is now open, the starting air valve is opened as described above, and the engine starts to rotate. start. Via the gear 4, the engine drives a distribution disc, by means of which each of the six starting air valves is sequentially supplied with control air from the supply groove 18 and then communicates with the relief groove 19 and the groove 19. Communication path 2
5, 26, 27, openings 28, and ventilation holes 29. As mentioned above, the pressure developed within the cavity 32 keeps the contact surface 10 of the distribution disk in sealing contact with the end face 11 of the housing.

When the engine reaches a certain rotational speed, the valve 58 is switched to its reaction position, thereby opening the inlet hole 3.
The supply of pressurized air through 4 is then cut off and tube 57 is vented to the atmosphere, at the same time the pressurized air is passed through tube 56.
and is introduced into the cavity 32 through the inlet hole 33. At this point, the closing disk 30 is subjected to a differential pressure acting toward the left in FIG.
1 is pressed sealingly against the outer surface 24 of the distribution disk.
As a result, a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure mentioned above is applied in and from the two supply grooves 18, which are open at this moment.
It is maintained in pipe connections 44, 47 to two starting air valves. The supply of starting air is thus continued through these valves into each of the two engine cylinders until rotation of the distribution disc brings the associated holes into alignment with the relief grooves 19.

In order to ensure the supply of starting air to the cylinders, the main valve 61 is not closed until a predetermined period of time, typically 6 to 8 seconds, has elapsed after the supply of air to the inlet hole 34. It is advisable to keep valve 60 open during this time, thereby maintaining the air supply to inlet hole 33.

As shown in FIG. 1, the shaft 3 is supported in the bearing sleeve 2 by two journals 40 and 41 of different diameters. This unequal diameter means that the pressure lubricating oil supplied to the cavity 42 in the casing 1 and from there to the journal through the bore 43 of the bearing sleeve 2 is indistinguishable from the shaft when no pressurized air is supplied to the distribution device. 3, during regular operation of the engine,
Move it slightly to the right. This symptom is
It is ensured that the distribution disk does not slide against the contact surface 11, which would cause unnecessary wear on the contact surface 11.

Effects Since the distribution device of the present invention has the above-described configuration, even when the supply of control air is cut off, the opening of the distribution disk is immediately closed by the closing disk, so that the pressure inside the device is reduced. is maintained, and a drop in rotational speed can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 is an axial sectional view of an embodiment of the distribution device according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a top view on an enlarged scale showing the end face of the distribution device casing facing the distribution disk; FIG.
The figure is a plan view to the same scale of the surface of the distribution disk facing the end face of the casing; FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line - of FIG. 4; FIG. 6 shows the function of the distribution device and starting air system; FIG. It is a line diagram. Symbols in the diagram: 1...Casing, 2...Bearing sleeve, 3...Shaft, 4...Gear, 5...Cover,
6... Chamber, 7... Distribution disk, 8... Spacing sleeve, 9... Nut, 10... Contact surface, 11... End surface, 12, 13... Opening, 14... Communication path, 1
5... Radial communication path, 16... Communication path, 17...
...Communication path, 18, 20... Supply groove, 19, 21...
... Supply groove, 22 ... Communication path, 23 ... Opening, 2
4... Outer surface, 25, 26, 27... Communication path,
28...Opening, 29...Air passage, 30...Closing disk, 31...End face, 32...Vacancy, 33, 34
...Inlet hole, 35 ... Gap, 36, 37 ... Conical surface, 38 ... Squeezing gap, 39 ... Ventilation path, 4
0,41...journal, 42...hollow, 43...
...hole, 44,46,47...pipe, 45...switching valve, 48...chamber, 49...starting air valve, 50...
Spring, 51... Valve housing, 52... Piston, 53... Valve member, 54... Pressure air source, 55
... Small chamber, 56, 57 ... Pipe, 58 ... Valve, 59
. . . Pipe, 60 . . . Stop valve, 61 . . . Main valve.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A casing 1, a shaft 3 rotatably supported in the casing, a distribution disk 7 fixed to the shaft 3 and located in a chamber 6 formed in the casing 1. The chamber 6 has an end surface 11 in which a plurality of openings 12, 13 are arranged along a circle concentric with the rotation axis 3, each opening being connected to the starting air valve 49, The distribution disk has a contact surface 10 on the side facing the end surface 11 of the chamber 6, and has arc-shaped supply grooves 18, 20 and arc-shaped escape grooves 1 on the surface.
9, 21, whose grooves are radially aligned with openings 12, 13 on the end face 11 of said chamber 6;
The relief grooves 19, 21 communicate with openings 23 opening on the opposite outer surface 24 through the openings 23 opening onto the contact surface through communicating passages 25, 26, 27 in the distribution disc. 28, this opening 28 is open to the outside air, and the control pressure air is also transferred to the distribution disk 7 of the chamber 6.
Control pressure air is delivered to the starting air valves 49 of the reciprocating internal combustion engine, which are configured to have inlet holes 34 introduced into the cavities 32 on the outer surface side 24 of the engine, so that said valves are activated in a predetermined order. In an opening control pressurized air delivery distribution device, on the end portion of the shaft 3 projecting into the chamber 6, a closing disc 30 is provided which can be moved axially between an activated position and an inactive position. mounted, in its operative position being in sealing contact with the outer surface 24 of the distribution disk 7 at least around its opening 23 in order to close the opening, and in its inoperative position , a gap 35 is present between the closing disc 30 and the distribution disc 7, and an air inlet hole 33 pushes the closing disc 30 into its working position and maintains it in its working position. Air inlet holes 34 are provided for introducing pressurized air into the distribution disk 7 and the closing disk 3.
A controlling pressurized air delivery/distribution device, characterized in that it is provided in the side wall of the chamber 6 at a position opposite the gap 35 between 0 and 0. 2. Said air inlet hole 33 is located so as to supply pressurized air to a cavity 32 of the chamber 6 which is located on the opposite side of the distribution disk 7 with respect to the closing disk 30. A control pressurized air delivery and distribution device according to claim 1. 3. A gap 38 having a restricting action is formed between the outer periphery of the closing disk 30 and the side wall of the chamber 6, and a narrow ventilation hole 39 opens into the cavity 32. A control pressurized air delivery and distribution device according to claim 1. 4. The edges of the opposing surfaces 24, 31 of said distribution disk 7 and closure disk 30 are provided with an inclined chamfer 36,
37, and both chamfered portions 36, 37 cooperate to form a tapered inflow passage into the gap 35 between the two discs. The control pressure air delivery and distribution device described in .