JPH0258080B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a composite material, particularly a composite material in which a hard member (metal plate, synthetic resin plate, etc.) - a foam (synthetic resin foam, inorganic foam) - a flexible member are laminated and integrated in this order. The present invention relates to a method for drilling through-holes of an appropriate diameter in a material, and an apparatus therefor. Generally, when drilling a through hole in a composite material made of layers of different materials, a drill or a press (with a punch as the upper blade and a die as the lower blade) is usually used. However, if the foreign member is made of a hard material--elastic material or a slightly brittle foam--flexible material, and the elastic material is bulky, even if the above-mentioned tool or device is used to make a hole, the flexible member is made of foam and has cushioning properties. Because of this, the shearing force does not act sufficiently and the material is only compressed, and then the hard material is punched out as if it were to be peeled off, resulting in uneven sizes of through holes and the inability to drill specified through holes. There were flaws. Furthermore, the wall surface of the through hole becomes rough, and the cutting tool becomes difficult to cut, resulting in the formation of a bulge around the outer periphery of the hole in the hard material. Of course, when using the product, the burrs must be removed before the product can be manufactured, which has the drawback of requiring a large number of man-hours. In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention has two stages of cutters and is mounted so that they can reciprocate on the same axis, simplifying the structure and reducing the size.
The present invention proposes a method and an apparatus for making a through hole with a clean cut and wall surface, and also making it possible to drill a through hole of a predetermined diameter. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a method of perforating a composite material and a perforating device thereof according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical configuration of the above-mentioned device, and 1 is a tool holder mounting part (hereinafter simply referred to as the mounting part), for example, a mechanism (not shown) that reciprocates linearly by a set distance (stroke) using a ram or the like. is connected to. Reference numeral 2 denotes a tool holder, and a mounting shaft 3 formed at the upper end is easily connected to the mounting part 1, and a support part 4 is integrally formed below the mounting shaft 3, and a mounting hole 5 is formed in the center of the support part 4. Further, a guide groove 6 is formed in the lower end surface of the support portion 4 . Note that a screw hole 7 communicating with the side wall of the mounting hole 5 is bored in the lower part of the support portion 4 . Reference numeral 8 denotes a hard material drilling tool, and a cylindrical upper blade 9 and a platform-shaped lower blade (die) 11 having a tapered through hole 10 into which the upper blade 9 is inserted are aligned on the same straight line with a dimension of _H1 . The two blades are arranged so that they are perpendicular to each other.
Note that H ₁ is the dimension from the lower end surface of the upper blade 9 to the surface of the lower blade 11, and varies depending on the thickness of the object to be drilled. To further explain the drilling tool 8 , the upper blade 9 consists of a main body 12 that functions as a holder and a guide, and a blade section 13 below it, and a linear guide groove 14 is provided at the bottom of the main body 12 with a dimension of l ₁ . It is formed. Further, the blade part 13 consists of a blade tip part 13a provided on the outer peripheral edge of a solid cross section with the same diameter as the diameter d ₀ to be drilled on the end face, and a columnar guide part 13b formed continuously with the blade tip part 13a. , and the dimension l ₂ of the guide portion 13b is set according to the moving distance. In the figure, the diameter d ₁ of the blade part 13 and the diameter d ₂ of the main body 12 are d ₂ > d ₁ , but they are made thicker due to the reinforcement and the guide groove 14, so if the above d ₀ is large, It is possible to form the same thickness without necessarily having a step. Reference numeral 15 denotes a core/flexible member perforating blade (hereinafter simply referred to as a cylindrical blade), which includes a main body (holder part) 16, a blade part 17, a cutting edge part 17a, a connecting tool mounting hole 18, hollow parts 19 and 20, and a guide groove. 2
It is formed from 1. To explain further, the main body 16 has a hollow portion 2 in which a bearing 22 is fitted.
A hole 18 is formed in which a fixture 23 is installed to integrate the cylindrical blade 15 and the main body 12 of the upper blade 9, so that the cylindrical blade 15 and the upper blade 9 interlock under set conditions and prevent both blades from falling off. is connected to. Furthermore, the guide groove 21 is formed on the upper end surface of the main body 16,
It guides the elastic body which will be described later. In addition, the blade part 17 has a serrated cutting edge part 17a formed on the end surface of the cylindrical body 17b and the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 17b.
The foam can be easily cut and perforated. Furthermore, the shape of the cutting edge portion 17a is as shown in FIG.
As shown in Fig. b, it is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the end of the cylindrical body 17b, and the cutting edge portion 17 shown in Fig. a
The edge of the perforation 24 when using the blade a is cut in a chamfered periphery, and the edge of the perforation 24 using the cutting edge portion 17a in figure b is cut at a right angle. Note that the diameter D ₁ of the hollow part 19 of the main body 16 is the diameter d ₂ of the upper blade 9.
The diameter d ₀ of the hollow part 20 of the cylindrical body 17b is large enough to allow the upper blade 9 to slide through the bearing 22.
The diameter d ₁ of the blade portion 13 is formed to a size that allows smooth sliding. 25 is a stopper with cylindrical blade 1
The upper blade 9 and the cylindrical blade 15 are fixed so that _{the interval H 2 can} be adjusted independently. In addition, the stopper 25 is the cylindrical blade 1.
The blade edge portion 17a of No. 5 contacts the hard member of the composite material,
It functions to prevent damage. Reference numeral 26 is an elastic body, for example, a coil spring body, which is interposed between the guide grooves 6 and 21 and is installed loosely with the main body 12 as its axis. The elastic body 26 can freely move in conjunction with the linear reciprocating movement of the upper blade 9 and the cylindrical blade 15 , and the upper blade 9 and the cylindrical blade 15 are not integrated in a fixed state, but can be moved in a reciprocating manner by providing cushioning and elasticity. This is to demonstrate the function of slippage and escape. Reference numeral 27 is a composite material in which a hard member 28, a flexible member 29, and a core material 30 made of foam are laminated together. Next, the operation of the above device and the drilling method will be explained. For example, assume that a member (eaves roof) as shown in FIG. 4 is to be manufactured. The components, the so-called composite material 27, are composed of a 0.27 mm color steel plate as the hard member 28, a sheet-like material made of kraft paper laminated with aluminum foil as the flexible member 29, and a polyurethane foam as the core material 30, which are integrated in an on-site method. It is formed into a closed cell structure with a thickness t of 16 mm and a density of 30 kg/m ³ . Further, the perforations 24 are circular and have a diameter of d ₀ in large numbers, one at a time. Note that S ₁ is the stroke of the upper blade 9, and S ₂
is the stroke of the cylindrical blade 15 , A is the distance from the end face of the cutting edge of the upper blade 9 to the tip of the cutting edge 17a of the cylindrical blade 15 , and B is the distance between the sheet-like material 29 of the composite material 27 and the end face of the cutting edge 17a. The stopper 25 is attached to a press machine (not shown) so that the interval can be adjusted. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the composite material 27 was placed horizontally on the lower blade 11 with the sheet material 29 facing upward. At this time, the ram 1 is set so that the lower blade (die) 11 to the upper blade 9 are at the position _H1 , and the drilling operation is started by descending linearly from this position in the direction of arrow A. . As the ram 1 descends, the upper blade 9 descends in a straight line, and the tool holder 2 , the upper blade 9, and the cylinder are moved in accordance with the descending speed of the ram 1 until the cutting edge 17a of the cylindrical blade 15 comes into contact with the sheet material 29. Blade 15 , elastic body 26
is lowered in the connected state to the position shown in FIG. When the cutting edge part 17a comes into contact with the sheet-like object 29, the saw teeth on the cylindrical end surface cut the sheet-like object due to the lowering of the ram 1 and the relationship between the coil spring 26 and the sheet-like object 29, and the ram 1 remains in that state. As the blade linearly descends, the blade edge portion 17 is lowered via the coil spring 26. When the cutting edge portion 17a descends, a portion of the core material 30 is cut at a cross-sectional area of the inner diameter of the cylindrical body 17b, and is filled into the cylindrical body 17b. The ram 1 further descends, and the lower end surface 16a of the main body 16
When the core material 30 comes into contact with the stopper 25 as shown in FIG. 6, most of the thickness t of the core material 30 is cut and perforated. That is, the punching of the sheet-like material 29 and the polyurethane foam 30 is completed with a stroke of _S2 =B+t- _Δl1 . Note that the cutting edge portion 17a
A gap of Δl ₁ is provided between the tip of the blade and the collar steel plate 28 to protect the cutting edge. Furthermore , the sheet-like material 2 is
9. After the polyurethane foam 30 is cut and perforated, the ram 1 is descending in the same way, so
The upper blade 9 presses the coil spring 26 while rotating the cylindrical blade 1.
The main body 12 and the blade part 13 are located inside the hollow parts 19 and 20 in the interior of the main body 12 and the blade part 13.
and are forced to descend together. Note that the cylindrical body 17
The scraps 31 existing in the hollow portion 20 of b are pressed against the back surface of the collar steel plate 28 while being compressed by the end surface of the cutting edge portion 13a. Further, the upper blade 9 descends and punches out the color steel plate 28 in cooperation with the lower blade 11, and when it has descended from the lower blade 11 to the position △l ₂ , the entire composite material is punched through the through hole 10 as shown in FIG. The scraps 31 are discharged. That is, the above Δl ₂ is the lower limit of the stroke S ₁ of the upper blade 9. In addition, if the set length of the coil spring 26 is L ₀ , then the minimum length L ₁
Therefore, it is compressed by a length of L ₀ - _{L 1} , and it provides elasticity by the length of compression and functions as a buffer. Further, the positional relationship between the fixture 23 and the linear guide groove 14 is such that when the ram 1 is lowered, the main body 16
When the lower end 16a of the cylindrical blade 15 comes into contact with the stopper 25, the cylindrical blade 15 stops at that position, whereas the upper blade 9 comes down.
It will be the same as moving . Of course, the fixture 23
Due to this intervention, the cylindrical blade 15 does not rotate but is lowered linearly. Next, as the ram 1 rises, the upper blade 9 and the cylindrical blade rise in conjunction with each other, and each is returned to its original position as shown in FIG. Therefore, a plurality of perforations 24 are formed in the composite material 27 .
If you want to drill down the number of holes, you just need to repeat the above operation for the number of holes. In addition, Fig. 8 shows the upper blade 9 (indicated by a solid line) and the cylindrical blade 15 (indicated by a half line).
is an explanatory diagram showing the locus of , where the horizontal axis shows time and the vertical axis shows vertical movement distance, where the point is when the cylindrical blade 15 is cutting and punching the sheet material 29, and the point is when the upper blade 9 is punching out the color steel plate 28. When α is the cylindrical blade 15
is the time for cutting and perforating the polyurethane foam 30, and β is the time for the upper blade 9 to cut and perforate the sheet-like material 2 in the hollow part 20.
9. Time to compress the polyurethane foam 30;
γ is the time for discharging all the punching waste 31. What has been described above is only one embodiment of the method of perforating a composite material and the perforating device thereof according to the present invention, and the tool holder 2 may be used as a chuck, or the blade portion 1 of the upper blade may be used as a chuck.
3. The cross section of the hole of the cylindrical tooth 15 can be formed into a corner, an ellipse, or any other arbitrary shape as shown in FIGS. You can also. Furthermore, if a large number of combinations of the upper blade 9, the cylindrical blade 15 , and the elastic body 26 are arranged in a multiaxial manner, and the lower blade is also arranged to correspond to the upper blade 9, a plurality of combinations can be generated in one lowering. It is also possible to form a configuration in which a perforation 24 is formed. Further, the core material may have an open cell structure, and it can also be used in the case of a composite material in which the molded body is integrated with the hard member 28 using an adhesive. Alternatively, the perforations 24 may be formed at an angle to the thickness of the composite material, as shown in FIG. As described above, according to the drilling method and drilling device of the present invention, a composite material made of a combination of materials with completely different properties, such as a hard member, a core material of foam tissue, and a flexible member, can be used. Two types of cylindrical blades and an upper blade are used to cut and perforate the material to obtain beautiful cut edges and side walls. That is, in order to cut and perforate the flexible member, which is relatively soft and easy to tear or crush, and the core body, which has a foam-like structure, with a thin, serrated cutting edge formed on the end surface of the cylinder, both of the above-mentioned members can be cut and pierced. It can be cut and punched into a cross-sectional shape of a predetermined size without tearing the vicinity of the cut end due to tension when shearing it, or crushing the core material when shearing it.
Further, the cut and punched waste is stored in the cylindrical blade and is finally discharged to the outside while being completely separated from the so-called core material, so the side walls of the hole are beautiful and a hole of a predetermined size can be formed. Furthermore, since the hard member is punched using a normal punch die, it can be reliably sheared without warping, deformation, or abrasions, and a beautiful, burr-free cut can be obtained. Further, the device has the advantage of being small, inexpensive, simple in structure, and can be attached to existing devices.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of a perforation device according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2a and 2b are cross-sectional views showing the cutting edge of a core material-cum-flexible member perforation blade, which is one of the main parts of the device. , FIGS. 3a and 3b are cross-sectional views of holes cut and drilled by the above-mentioned perforating blade, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of a composite material, and FIGS. 5 to 7 are cross-sectional views illustrating the operation of the above-mentioned device. 8 are explanatory diagrams showing the operation of the above-mentioned apparatus, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are explanatory diagrams showing other embodiments. 1...Tool holder attachment part, 2 ...Tool holder,
8...Hard member drilling tool, 9...Upper blade, 11...Lower blade, 1
5... Core material and flexible member perforating blade, 22... Bearing, 24
...perforation, 26...elastic body, 27...composite material.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. When drilling a through hole of a desired shape and size in a composite material consisting of a core material made of a hard material, a foam material, and a flexible material, a through hole is formed perpendicularly above the flexible material of the composite material. A cylindrical core/flexible member perforating blade is provided to cut and perforate only the flexible member - core material, and then the chips of the two members filled inside the perforating blade are compressed to form a cylindrical shape. A method for perforating a composite material, characterized in that the upper blade of the hard member perforation blade enters to cut and perforate the hard member, and then both of the perforation blades are extracted from the cutting and perforation location. 2. A flexible member made of composite material, a cylindrical core material-cum-flexible member perforating blade for cutting and perforating the core material, the lower end of the perforating blade is slidably built into the cylinder, and the upper end is attached to a tool. A columnar upper blade fixed to the holder and a lower blade on which the composite material is placed and which cuts and pierces the hard member in cooperation with the upper blade are aligned in the same straight line with a distance equal to or greater than the thickness of the composite material. A hard member drilling tool provided oppositely, a stopper that limits the downward distance of the drilling blade, and an elastic body disposed between the lower end of the tool holder and the drilling blade, with the main body of the upper blade as the axis. A perforation device for a composite material, characterized in that the perforation blade and the upper blade are disposed so as to linearly reciprocate in conjunction with each other in the thickness direction of the composite plate. 3. A perforation device for composite materials according to claim 2, wherein the core material/flexible member perforation blade has a serrated blade tip formed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical end. 4. A punching device for a composite material according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the elastic body is a coil spring, and the coil spring set pressure is greater than the elasticity required for punching the flexible member.