JPH0259855B2

JPH0259855B2 -

Info

Publication number: JPH0259855B2
Application number: JP58056130A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Susumu Fujishima
Original assignee: Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo KK
Current assignee: Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo KK
Priority date: 1983-03-31
Filing date: 1983-03-31
Publication date: 1990-12-13
Also published as: JPS59182932A

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、刷子用摺動接点材料の改良に関す
る。従来、摺動接点材料としては各種材料が用いら
れ、とりわけ刷子用摺動接点材料としては、
Pd30〜50重量％、Ag20〜40重量％、Cu20〜40重
量％より成る合金材料が広く用いられていた。この合金材料は、とりわけ機械的強度、耐蝕
性、ばね性等の優れた特性を有し、その点に着目
されて、Pd、Ag、Cuなどの元素及び含有量を限
定されて成るものである。然し乍ら、この合金材料で製作した刷子接点で
は、整流子との摺動時の耐摩耗性が劣り、摩耗粉
が生じ易く、ノイズ発生の原因となつていた。本発明は、斯かる欠点を解消すべくなされたも
のであり、前記合金材料を基材としてこれに特定
の材料を僅かに添加させて、耐摩耗性を向上させ
た刷子用摺動接点材料を提供せんとするものであ
る。本発明の刷子用摺動接点材料は、組成比で
Pd30〜50重量％、Ag20〜40重量％、Cu20〜40重
量％のPd−Ag−Cuが92〜98.9重量％及び残部が
In1.0〜5.0重量％、Si、Zr及びBiの少なくとも一
種を合計で0.1〜３重量％から成るものである。本発明の刷子用摺動接点材料に於いて、組成比
でPd30〜50重量％、Ag20〜40重量％、Cu20〜40
重量％のPd−Ag−Cuが92〜98.9重量％及び残部
がIn1.0〜5.0重量％、Si、Zr及びBiの少なくとも
一種を合計で0.1〜３重量％としている理由は、
Inにより鋳造時の湯流れを改善し、またSi、Zr及
びBiの少なくとも一種により結晶粒の微細化を
はかる為である。ここでSi、Zr及びBiはお互い
その交互いその効果を減殺し合うものではなく、
従つて単独でも、或いは２種以上とすることもで
きる。更に、前記従来の合金材料の耐摩耗性を向
上すべくInとSi、Zr及びBiのうちの少なくとも
一種との複合添加による相乗効果と相俟つて硬く
する為で、Inが１重量％未満あるいは、Si、Zr及
びBiのうち少なくとも一種を合計で0.1重量％未
満ではその効果を十分発揮できず、Inが５重量％
を超えるかあるいはSi、Zr及びBiのうち少なく
とも一種を合計で３重量％を超えると酸化物の発
生量が多くなり、接触抵抗が高くなり、その上不
安定となるものである。また、Pd、Ag、Cuの含
有量は、前記従来の合金材料の組成比に変更を加
えない範囲とすることにより、従来の合金材料の
特性は損なわれることなく発揮されることとなる
ものである。次に従来の合金材料を基材とし、これにInとSi
を添加し、表の実施例１に示す成分組成の刷子用
摺動接点材料とし、以下同様にして表に示す成分
組成の本発明による刷子用摺動接点材料と従来の
刷子用摺動接点材料を用いて夫々線径0.7mmの刷
子線材を作り、これを各々長さ８mmに切断し、２
本並列させて一端を幅10mm、長さ13mm、厚さ0.2
mmの台材に溶接し、他端に2Rの円弧状の接触部
を曲成して刷子接点を作つた。そして夫々の刷子
接点を円盤状の整流子に接触させ、整流子を正逆
回転させて下記の試験条件にて摺動試験を行い、
摩耗量及び接触抵抗を測定した処、下記の表の右
欄に示すような結果を得た。試験条件電流：直流0.6A 電圧：12V 負荷：抵抗負荷回転速度：1000回転／分周速：130〜120ｍ／min 接触力：100ｇ試験時間：７時間 The present invention relates to improvements in sliding contact materials for brushes. Conventionally, various materials have been used as sliding contact materials, and in particular, as sliding contact materials for brushes,
An alloy material consisting of 30-50% by weight of Pd, 20-40% by weight of Ag, and 20-40% by weight of Cu was widely used. This alloy material has particularly excellent properties such as mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and spring properties, and with this in mind, it is made with limited elements and contents such as Pd, Ag, and Cu. . However, brush contacts made of this alloy material have poor abrasion resistance when sliding with the commutator, and are likely to generate abrasion powder, causing noise. The present invention has been made to eliminate such drawbacks, and provides a sliding contact material for brushes that uses the above-mentioned alloy material as a base material and has improved wear resistance by adding a small amount of a specific material to the alloy material. This is what we intend to provide. The sliding contact material for brushes of the present invention has a composition ratio of
Pd-Ag-Cu is 92-98.9% by weight and the balance is 30-50% by weight of Pd, 20-40% by weight of Ag, 20-40% by weight of Cu.
The composition contains 1.0 to 5.0% by weight of In and a total of 0.1 to 3% by weight of at least one of Si, Zr, and Bi. In the sliding contact material for brushes of the present invention, the composition ratio is 30 to 50% by weight of Pd, 20 to 40% by weight of Ag, and 20 to 40% by weight of Cu.
The reason why Pd-Ag-Cu is 92-98.9% by weight, the balance is In 1.0-5.0% by weight, and at least one of Si, Zr and Bi is 0.1-3% by weight in total.
This is because In improves the flow of the metal during casting, and at least one of Si, Zr, and Bi refines the crystal grains. Here, Si, Zr and Bi do not mutually reduce their effects;
Therefore, it can be used alone or in combination of two or more types. Furthermore, in order to improve the wear resistance of the conventional alloy material, the compound addition of In and at least one of Si, Zr, and Bi is used to make the material hard by combining it with a synergistic effect, and when In is less than 1% by weight or If the total amount of at least one of Si, Zr, and Bi is less than 0.1% by weight, the effect cannot be fully exhibited, and if In is less than 5% by weight,
If the total amount of at least one of Si, Zr and Bi exceeds 3% by weight, the amount of oxides generated will increase, contact resistance will increase, and furthermore, it will become unstable. In addition, by setting the contents of Pd, Ag, and Cu within a range that does not change the composition ratio of the conventional alloy material, the characteristics of the conventional alloy material will be exhibited without being impaired. be. Next, a conventional alloy material is used as a base material, and In and Si are added to this.
was added to make a brush sliding contact material having the composition shown in Example 1 of the table, and the same was applied to the brush sliding contact material according to the present invention having the composition shown in the table and the conventional brush sliding contact material having the composition shown in the table. Brush wire rods each having a wire diameter of 0.7 mm were made using
These are lined up and one end is 10mm wide, 13mm long, and 0.2mm thick.
A brush contact was made by welding it to a mm base material and bending a 2R arc-shaped contact part at the other end. Then, each brush contact was brought into contact with a disc-shaped commutator, and the commutator was rotated in forward and reverse directions to conduct a sliding test under the following test conditions.
When the wear amount and contact resistance were measured, the results shown in the right column of the table below were obtained. Test conditions Current: DC 0.6A Voltage: 12V Load: Resistance load Rotation speed: 1000 rotations/divided speed: 130-120m/min Contact force: 100g Test time: 7 hours

【表】上記の表で明らかなように実施例１〜12の刷子
接点は従来例の刷子接点に比し摩耗量が著しく少
なく、接触抵抗が低く安定していることが判る。
これはひとえに実施例１〜12の刷子接点の刷子線
材を構成している本発明の刷子用摺動接点材料
が、InとSi、Zr及びBiの少なくとも一種によつ
て硬くなり、耐摩耗性が向上されるからに他なら
ない。以上詳記した通り本発明による刷子用摺動接点
材料によれば、従来の刷子用摺動接点材料に比べ
著しく耐摩耗性に優れ、摩耗粉の発生量が極めて
少なく、ノイズの発生が殆んど無く、また従来の
刷子用摺動接点材料による場合よりも低く安定し
た接触抵抗を有する刷子接点を得ることができる
という効果がある。[Table] As is clear from the above table, the brush contacts of Examples 1 to 12 have significantly less wear than the conventional brush contacts, and it can be seen that the contact resistance is low and stable.
This is simply because the brush sliding contact material of the present invention, which constitutes the brush wire of the brush contacts of Examples 1 to 12, is hardened by In and at least one of Si, Zr, and Bi, and has excellent wear resistance. It's only because it improves. As detailed above, the sliding contact material for brushes according to the present invention has significantly superior wear resistance compared to conventional sliding contact materials for brushes, generates extremely little wear powder, and generates almost no noise. This has the advantage that it is possible to obtain a brush contact having a lower and more stable contact resistance than when using conventional brush contact materials.

Claims

[Claims]

1. Pd-Ag-Cu is 92-98.9% by weight with a composition ratio of 30-50% by weight of Pd, 20-40% by weight of Ag, and 20-40% by weight of Cu, and the balance is 1.0-5.0% by weight of In, Si, Zr, and Bi.
A sliding contact material for a brush, characterized in that the total amount of at least one of the following is 0.1 to 3% by weight.